Faculty Profiles - YATSUYA Hiroshi

Risk and population attributable fraction of metabolic syndrome and impaired fasting glucose for the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among middle-aged Japanese individuals: Aichi Worker's Cohort Study. Reviewed

Positive Association of Physical Activity with Both Objective and Perceived Measures of the Neighborhood Environment among Older Adults: The Aichi Workers' Cohort Study. Reviewed International journal

Yuanying Li, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Tomoya Hanibuchi, Atsuhiko Ota, Hisao Naito, Rei Otsuka, Chiyoe Murata, Yoshihisa Hirakawa, Chifa Chiang, Mayu Uemura, Koji Tamakoshi, Atsuko Aoyama

International journal of environmental research and public health Vol. 17 ( 21 ) page： 1 - 14 2020.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

We examined the association between objective and perceived neighborhood characteristics and self-reported leisure-time physical activity (PA) in older Japanese residents living in areas ranging from metropolitan to rural in 2016. Objective measures used were walkability and the numbers of parks/green spaces and sports facilities within 500 or 1000 m of subjects' homes, calculated using geographic information systems. Subjective measures were the subjects' perceptions of their neighborhoods, assessed using a structured questionnaire. All variables were divided into three groups, and the lowest tertile was used as the reference. We assessed the location and frequency of strolling or brisk walking, moderate-intensity PA, and vigorous-intensity PA (sports) using a self-reported questionnaire and defined as performing a certain type of PA 3-4 times/week as a habit. Living in a neighborhood in the highest tertile for walkability and number of parks/green spaces as well as perception of having good access to recreational facilities, observing others exercising and the presence of walkable sidewalks was associated with walking and sports habits (multivariable odds ratios (ORs): 1.33-2.46, all p < 0.05). Interestingly, objective measures of PA-friendly environmental features were inversely associated with moderate-intensity PA habits, potentially because moderate-intensity PA consisted predominantly of gardening. In conclusion, living in an environment supportive of PA, whether objectively or subjectively measured, is related to leisure-time PA habits among older Japanese adults.

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph17217971

Incorporating kidney disease measures into cardiovascular risk prediction: Development and validation in 9 million adults from 72 datasets. Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

Kunihiro Matsushita, Simerjot K Jassal, Yingying Sang, Shoshana H Ballew, Morgan E Grams, Aditya Surapaneni, Johan Arnlov, Nisha Bansal, Milica Bozic, Hermann Brenner, Nigel J Brunskill, Alex R Chang, Rajkumar Chinnadurai, Massimo Cirillo, Adolfo Correa, Natalie Ebert, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Ron T Gansevoort, Orlando Gutierrez, Farzad Hadaegh, Jiang He, Shih-Jen Hwang, Tazeen H Jafar, Takamasa Kayama, Csaba P Kovesdy, Gijs W Landman, Andrew S Levey, Donald M Lloyd-Jones, Rupert W Major, Katsuyuki Miura, Paul Muntner, Girish N Nadkarni, David Mj Naimark, Christoph Nowak, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Michelle J Pena, Kevan R Polkinghorne, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Toshimi Sairenchi, Markus P Schneider, Varda Shalev, Michael Shlipak, Marit D Solbu, Nikita Stempniewicz, James Tollitt, José M Valdivielso, Joep van der Leeuw, Angela Yee-Moon Wang, Chi-Pang Wen, Mark Woodward, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Luxia Zhang, Elke Schaeffner, Josef Coresh

EClinicalMedicine Vol. 27 page： 100552 - 100552 2020.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) measures (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] and albuminuria) are frequently assessed in clinical practice and improve the prediction of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), yet most major clinical guidelines do not have a standardized approach for incorporating these measures into CVD risk prediction. "CKD Patch" is a validated method to calibrate and improve the predicted risk from established equations according to CKD measures. Methods: Utilizing data from 4,143,535 adults from 35 datasets, we developed several "CKD Patches" incorporating eGFR and albuminuria, to enhance prediction of risk of atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) by the Pooled Cohort Equation (PCE) and CVD mortality by Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE). The risk enhancement by CKD Patch was determined by the deviation between individual CKD measures and the values expected from their traditional CVD risk factors and the hazard ratios for eGFR and albuminuria. We then validated this approach among 4,932,824 adults from 37 independent datasets, comparing the original PCE and SCORE equations (recalibrated in each dataset) to those with addition of CKD Patch. Findings: We confirmed the prediction improvement with the CKD Patch for CVD mortality beyond SCORE and ASCVD beyond PCE in validation datasets (Δc-statistic 0.027 [95% CI 0.018-0.036] and 0.010 [0.007-0.013] and categorical net reclassification improvement 0.080 [0.032-0.127] and 0.056 [0.044-0.067], respectively). The median (IQI) of the ratio of predicted risk for CVD mortality with CKD Patch vs. the original prediction with SCORE was 2.64 (1.89-3.40) in very high-risk CKD (e.g., eGFR 30-44 ml/min/1.73m2 with albuminuria ≥30 mg/g), 1.86 (1.48-2.44) in high-risk CKD (e.g., eGFR 45-59 ml/min/1.73m2 with albuminuria 30-299 mg/g), and 1.37 (1.14-1.69) in moderate risk CKD (e.g., eGFR 60-89 ml/min/1.73m2 with albuminuria 30-299 mg/g), indicating considerable risk underestimation in CKD with SCORE. The corresponding estimates for ASCVD with PCE were 1.55 (1.37-1.81), 1.24 (1.10-1.54), and 1.21 (0.98-1.46). Interpretation: The "CKD Patch" can be used to quantitatively enhance ASCVD and CVD mortality risk prediction equations recommended in major US and European guidelines according to CKD measures, when available. Funding: US National Kidney Foundation and the NIDDK.

DOI： 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100552

Correction: The Smart Life Stay (SLS) program: effects of a lifestyle intervention program in combination with health tourism and health guidance for type 2 diabetes. Reviewed International journal

Madoka Matsushita, Akiko Muramoto, Eri Nomura, Yukari Eguchi, Ayako Kato, Yoshiko Sano, Mai Kabayama, Masashi Arakawa, Yuko Oguma, Daisuke Yabe, Masaaki Matsunaga, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Hiroshi Arima, Kazuyo Tsushita

Nutrition & diabetes Vol. 10 ( 1 ) page： 34 - 34 2020.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Following publication, the authors asked to add the following institution to the affiliations of author Madoka Matsushita: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article have been updated accordingly.

DOI： 10.1038/s41387-020-00137-w

Kayo Kaneko, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Yuanying Li, Mayu Uemura, Chifa Chiang, Yoshihisa Hirakawa, Atsuhiko Ota, Koji Tamakoshi, Atsuko Aoyama

Journal of diabetes investigation Vol. 11 ( 5 ) page： 1163 - 1169 2020.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

AIMS/INTRODUCTION: The Japanese government started a nationwide screening program for metabolic syndrome (MetS) to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes in 2008. Although impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is a strong predictor for type 2 diabetes mellitus, the program does not follow up IFG in non-MetS individuals. This study aimed to examine the risk and the population attributable fraction (PAF) of MetS and IFG for incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Japanese workers (3,417 men and 714 women) aged 40-64 years without a history of diabetes were prospectively followed. MetS was defined as either abdominal obesity plus two or more metabolic risk factors, or being overweight in the case of normal waist circumference plus three or more metabolic risk factors. IFG was defined as fasting blood glucose 100-125 mg/dL. RESULTS: During a mean 6.3 years, 240 type 2 diabetes mellitus cases were identified. Compared with those without MetS and IFG, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of non-MetS individuals with IFG, MetS individuals without IFG and MetS individuals with IFG for type 2 diabetes mellitus were 4.9 (3.4-7.1), 2.4 (1.6-3.5) and 8.3 (5.9-11.5), respectively. The corresponding PAFs for type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence were 15.6, 9.1 and 29.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: IFG represented a higher risk and PAF than MetS for type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence in middle-aged Japanese individuals. The coexistence of MetS and IFG showed the highest risk and PAF for type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence. The current Japanese MetS screening program should be reconsidered to follow up non-MetS individuals with IFG.

DOI： 10.1111/jdi.13230

Milk Intake and Stroke Mortality in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study-A Bayesian Survival Analysis. Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

Chaochen Wang, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Yingsong Lin, Tae Sasakabe, Sayo Kawai, Shogo Kikuchi, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi

Nutrients Vol. 12 ( 9 ) 2020.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The aim of this study was to further examine the relationship between milk intake and stroke mortality among the Japanese population. We used data from the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study (total number of participants = 110,585, age range: 40-79) to estimate the posterior acceleration factors (AF) as well as the hazard ratios (HR) comparing individuals with different milk intake frequencies against those who never consumed milk at the study baseline. These estimations were computed through a series of Bayesian survival models that employed a Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation process. In total, 100,000 posterior samples were generated separately through four independent chains after model convergency was confirmed. Posterior probabilites that daily milk consumers had lower hazard or delayed mortality from strokes compared to non-consumers was 99.0% and 78.0% for men and women, respectively. Accordingly, the estimated posterior means of AF and HR for daily milk consumers were 0.88 (95% Credible Interval, CrI: 0.81, 0.96) and 0.80 (95% CrI: 0.69, 0.93) for men and 0.97 (95% CrI: 0.88, 1.10) and 0.95 (95% CrI: 0.80, 1.17) for women. In conclusion, data from the JACC study provided strong evidence that daily milk intake among Japanese men was associated with delayed and lower risk of mortality from stroke especially cerebral infarction.

DOI： 10.3390/nu12092743

Mapping geographical inequalities in access to drinking water and sanitation facilities in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000-17 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

Deshpande Aniruddha, Miller-Petrie Molly K., Lindstedt Paulina A., Baumann Mathew M., Johnson Kimberly B., Blacker Brigette F., Abbastabar Hedayat, Abd-Allah Foad, Abdelalim Ahmed, Abdollahpour Ibrahim, Abegaz Kedir Hussein, Abejie Ayenew Negesse, Abreu Lucas Guimaraes, Abrigo Michael R. M., Abualhasan Ahmed, Accrombessi Manfred Mario Kokou, Adamu Abdu A., Adebayo Oladimeji M., Adedeji Isaac Akinkunmi, Adedoyin Rufus Adesoji, Adekanmbi Victor, Adetokunboh Olatunji O., Adhikari Tara Ballav, Afarideh Mohsen, Agudelo-Botero Marcela, Ahmadi Mehdi, Ahmadi Keivan, Ahmed Muktar Beshir, Ahmed Anwar E., Akalu Temesgen Yihunie, Akanda Ali S., Alahdab Fares, Al-Aly Ziyad, Alam Samiah, Alam Noore, Alamene Genet Melak, Alanzi Turki M., Albright James, Albujeer Ammar, Alcalde-Rabanal Jacqueline Elizabeth, Alebel Animut, Alemu Zewdie Aderaw, Ali Muhammad, Alijanzadeh Mehran, Alipour Vahid, Aljunid Syed Mohamed, Almasi Ali, Almasi-Hashiani Amir, Al-Mekhlafi Hesham M., Altirkawi Khalid A., Alvis-Guzman Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk Nelson J., Amini Saeed, Amit Arianna Maever L., Amul Gianna Gayle Herrera, Andrei Catalina Liliana, Anjomshoa Mina, Ansariadi Ansariadi, Antonio Carl Abelardo T., Antony Benny, Antriyandarti Ernoiz, Arabloo Jalal, Aref Hany Mohamed Amin, Aremu Olatunde, Armoon Bahram, Arora Amit, Aryal Krishna K., Arzani Afsaneh, Asadi-Aliabadi Mehran, Asmelash Daniel, Atalay Hagos Tasew, Athari Seyyede Masoume, Athari Seyyed Shamsadin, Atre Sachin R., Ausloos Marcel, Awasthi Shally, Awoke Nefsu, Quintanilla Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Ayano Getinet, Ayanore Martin Amogre, Aynalem Yared Asmare, Azari Samad, Azman Andrew S., Babaee Ebrahim, Badawi Alaa, Bagherzadeh Mojtaba, Bakkannavar Shankar M., Balakrishnan Senthilkumar, Banach Maciej, Banoub Joseph Adel Mattar, Barac Aleksandra, Barboza Miguel A., Barnighausen Till Winfried, Basu Sanjay, Vo Dinh Bay, Bayati Mohsen, Bedi Neeraj, Beheshti Mahya, Behzadifar Meysam, Behzadifar Masoud, Ramirez Diana Fernanda Bejarano, Bell Michelle L., Bennett Derrick A., Benzian Habib, Berbada Dessalegn Ajema, Bernstein Robert S., Bhat Anusha Ganapati, Bhattacharyya Krittika, Bhaumik Soumyadeep, Bhutta Zulfiqar A., Bijani Ali, Bikbov Boris, Bin Sayeed Muhammad Shahdaat, Biswas Raaj Kishore, Bohlouli Somayeh, Boufous Soufiane, Brady Oliver J., Briko Andrey Nikolaevich, Briko Nikolay Ivanovich, Britton Gabrielle B., Brown Alexandria, Nagaraja Sharath Burugina, Butt Zahid A., Camera Luis Alberto, Campos-Nonato Ismael R., Rincon Julio Cesar Campuzano, Cano Jorge, Car Josip, Cardenas Rosario, Carvalho Felix, Castaneda-Orjuela Carlos A., Castro Franz, Cerin Ester, Chalise Binaya, Chattu Vijay Kumar, Chin Ken Lee, Christopher Devasahayam J., Chu Dinh-Toi, Cormier Natalie Maria, Costa Vera Marisa, Cromwell Elizabeth A., Dadi Abel Fekadu Fekadu, Dahiru Tukur, Dahlawi Saad M. A., Dandona Rakhi, Dandona Lalit, Dang Anh Kim, Daoud Farah, Darwesh Aso Mohammad, Darwish Amira Hamed, Daryani Ahmad, Das Jai K., Das Gupta Rajat, Dash Aditya Prasad, Davila-Cervantes Claudio Alberto, Weaver Nicole Davis, De la Hoz Fernando Pio, De Neve Jan-Walter, Demissie Dereje Bayissa, Demoz Gebre Teklemariam, Denova-Gutierrez Edgar, Deribe Kebede, Desalew Assefa, Dharmaratne Samath Dhamminda, Dhillon Preeti, Dhimal Meghnath, Dhungana Govinda Prasad, Diaz Daniel, Dipeolu Isaac Oluwafemi, Hoa Thi, Dolecek Christiane, Doyle Kerrie E., Dubljanin Eleonora, Duraes Andre Rodrigues, Edinur Hisham Atan, Effiong Andem, Eftekhari Aziz, El Nahas Nevine, Zaki Maysaa El Sayed, El Tantawi Maha, Elhabashy Hala Rashad, El-Jaafary Shaimaa I, El-Khatib Ziad, Elkout Hajer, Elsharkawy Aisha, Enany Shymaa, Endalew Daniel Adane, Eshrati Babak, Eskandarieh Sharareh, Etemadi Arash, Ezekannagha Oluchi, Faraon Emerito Jose A., Fareed Mohammad, Faro Andre, Farzadfar Farshad, Fasil Alebachew Fasil, Fazlzadeh Mehdi, Feigin Valery L., Fekadu Wubalem, Fentahun Netsanet, Fereshtehnejad Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes Eduarda, Filip Irina, Fischer Florian, Flohr Carsten, Foigt Nataliya A., Folayan Morenike Oluwatoyin, Foroutan Masoud, Franklin Richard Charles, Frostad Joseph Jon, Fukumoto Takeshi, Gad Mohamed M., Garcia Gregory M., Gatotoh Augustine Mwangi, Gayesa Reta Tsegaye, Gebremedhin Ketema Bizuwork, Geramo Yilma Chisha Dea, Gesesew Hailay Abrha, Gezae Kebede Embaye, Ghashghaee Ahmad, Sherbaf Farzaneh Ghazi, Gill Tiffany K., Gill Paramjit Singh, Ginindza Themba G., Girmay Alem, Gizaw Zemichael, Goodridge Amador, Gopalani Sameer Vali, Goulart Barbara Niegia Garcia, Goulart Alessandra C., Grada Ayman, Green Manfred S., Gubari Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, Gugnani Harish Chander, Guido Davide, Guimaraes Rafael Alves, Guo Yuming, Gupta Rajeev, Gupta Rahul, Ha Giang Hai, Haagsma Juanita A., Hafezi-Nejad Nima, Haile Dessalegn H., Haile Michael Tamene, Hall Brian J., Hamidi Samer, Handiso Demelash Woldeyohannes, Haririan Hamidreza, Hariyani Ninuk, Hasaballah Ahmed I, Hasan Mehedi, Hasanzadeh Amir, Hassen Hamid Yimam, Hayelom Desta Haftu, Hegazy Mohamed I, Heibati Behzad, Heidari Behnam, Hendrie Delia, Henok Andualem, Herteliu Claudiu, Heydarpour Fatemeh, de Hidru Hagos Degefa, Hird Thomas R., Chi Linh Hoang, Hollerich Gillian I, Hoogar Praveen, Hossain Naznin, Hosseinzadeh Mehdi, Househ Mowafa, Hu Guoqing, Humayun Ayesha, Hussain Syed Ather, Hussen Mamusha Aman A., Ibitoye Segun Emmanuel, Ilesanmi Olayinka Stephen, Ilic Milena D., Imani-Nasab Mohammad Hasan, Iqbal Usman, Irvani Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Ivers Rebecca Q., Iwu Chinwe Juliana, Jahanmehr Nader, Jakovljevic Mihajlo, Jalali Amir, Jayatilleke Achala Upendra, Jenabi Ensiyeh, Jha Ravi Prakash, Jha Vivekanand, Ji John S., Jonas Jost B., Jozwiak Jacek Jerzy, Kabir Ali, Kabir Zubair, Kanchan Tanuj, Karch Andre, Karki Surendra, Kasaeian Amir, Kasahun Gebremicheal Gebreslassie, Kasaye Habtamu Kebebe, Kassa Gebrehiwot G., Kassa Getachew Mullu, Kayode Gbenga A., Kebede Mihiretu M., Keiyoro Peter Njenga, Ketema Daniel Bekele, Khader Yousef Saleh, Khafaie Morteza Abdullatif, Khalid Nauman, Khalilov Rovshan, Khan Ejaz Ahmad, Khan Junaid, Khan Nuruzzaman, Khatab Khaled, Khater Mona M., Khater Amir M., Khayamzadeh Maryam, Khazaei Mohammad, Khosravi Mohammad Hossein, Khubchandani Jagdish, Kiadaliri Ali, Kim Yun Jin, Kimokoti Ruth W., Kisa Sezer, Kisa Adnan, Kochhar Sonali, Kolola Tufa, Komaki Hamidreza, Kosen Soewarta, Koul Parvaiz A., Koyanagi Ai, Krishan Kewal, Defo Barthelemy Kuate, Kugbey Nuworza, Kumar Pushpendra, Kumar G. Anil, Kumar Manasi, Kusuma Dian, La Vecchia Carlo, Lacey Ben, Lal Aparna, Lal Dharmesh Kumar, Lam Hilton, Lami Faris Hasan, Lansingh Van Charles, Lasrado Savita, Lebedev Georgy, Lee Paul H., LeGrand Kate E., Leili Mostafa, Lenjebo Tsegaye Lolaso, Leshargie Cheru Tesema, Levine Aubrey J., Lewycka Sonia, Li Shanshan, Linn Shai, Liu Shiwei, Lopez Jaifred Christian F., Lopukhov Platon D., Abd El Razek Muhammed Magdy, Prasad D. R. Mahadeshwara, Mahasha Phetole Walter, Mahotra Narayan B., Majeed Azeem, Malekzadeh Reza, Malta Deborah Carvalho, Mamun Abdullah A., Manafi Navid, Mansournia Mohammad Ali, Mapoma Chabila Christopher, Martinez Gabriel, Martini Santi, Martins-Melo Francisco Rogerlandio, Mathur Manu Raj, Mayala Benjamin K., Mazidi Mohsen, McAlinden Colm, Meharie Birhanu Geta, Mehndiratta Man Mohan, Nasab Entezar Mehrabi, Mehta Kala M., Mekonnen Teferi, Mekonnen Tefera Chane, Meles Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Meles Hagazi Gebre, Memiah Peter T. N., Memish Ziad A., Mendoza Walter, Menezes Ritesh G., Mereta Seid Tiku, Meretoja Tuomo J., Mestrovic Tomislav, Metekiya Workua Mekonnen, Miazgowski Bartosz, Miller Ted R., Mini G. K., Mirrakhimov Erkin M., Moazen Babak, Mohajer Bahram, Mohammad Yousef, Mohammad Dara K., Mezerji Naser Mohammad Gholi, Mohammadibakhsh Roghayeh, Mohammed Shafiu, Mohammed Jemal Abdu, Mohammed Hassen, Mohebi Farnam, Mokdad Ali H., Moodley Yoshan, Moradi Masoud, Moradi Ghobad, Moradi-Joo Mohammad, Moraga Paula, Morales Linda, Mosapour Abbas, Mosser Jonathan F., Mouodi Simin, Mousavi Seyyed Meysam, Mozaffor Miliva, Munro Sandra B., Muriithi Moses K., Murray Christopher J. L., Musa Kamarul Imran, Mustafa Ghulam, Muthupandian Saravanan, Naderi Mehdi, Nagarajan Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naghavi Mohsen, Naik Gurudatta, Nangia Vinay, Nascimento Bruno Ramos, Nazari Javad, Ndwandwe Duduzile Edith, Negoi Ionut, Netsere Henok Biresaw, Ngunjiri Josephine W., Cuong Tat Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, Nguyen QuynhAnh P., Nigatu Solomon Gedlu, Ningrum Dina Nur Anggraini, Nnaji Chukwudi A., Nojomi Marzieh, Norheim Ole F., Noubiap Jean Jacques, Oancea Bogdan, Ogbo Felix Akpojene, Oh In-Hwan, Olagunju Andrew T., Olusanya Jacob Olusegun, Olusanya Bolajoko Olubukunola, Onwujekwe Obinna E., Ortega-Altamirano Doris V, Osarenotor Osayomwanbo, Osei Frank B., Owolabi Mayowa O., Mahesh P. A., Padubidri Jagadish Rao, Pakhale Smita, Pana Adrian, Park Eun-Kee, Patel Sangram Kishor, Pathak Ashish, Patle Ajay, Paulos Kebreab, Pepito Veincent Christian Filipino, Perico Norberto, Pervaiz Aslam, Pescarini Julia Moreira, Pesudovs Konrad, Pham Hai Quang, Pigott David M., Pilgrim Thomas, Pirsaheb Meghdad, Poljak Mario, Pollock Ian, Postma Maarten J., Pourmalek Farshad, Pourshams Akram, Prada Sergio I, Preotescu Liliana, Quintana Hedley, Rabiee Navid, Rabiee Mohammad, Radfar Amir, Rafiei Alireza, Rahim Fakher, Rahimi Siavash, Rahimi-Movaghar Vafa, Rahman Muhammad Aziz, Rahman Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rajati Fatemeh, Ranabhat Chhabi Lal, Rao Puja C., Rasella Davide, Rath Goura Kishor, Rawaf Salman, Rawal Lal, Rawasia Wasiq Faraz, Remuzzi Giuseppe, Renjith Vishnu, Renzaho Andre M. N., Resnikoff Serge, Riahi Seyed Mohammad, Ribeiro Ana Isabel, Rickard Jennifer, Roever Leonardo, Ronfani Luca, Rubagotti Enrico, Rubino Salvatore, Saad Anas M., Sabour Siamak, Sadeghi Ehsan, Moghaddam Sahar Saeedi, Safari Yahya, Sagar Rajesh, Sahraian Mohammad Ali, Sajadi S. Mohammad, Salahshoor Mohammad Reza, Salam Nasir, Saleem Ahsan, Salem Hosni, Salem Marwa Rashad, Salimi Yahya, Salimzadeh Hamideh, Samy Abdallah M., Sanabria Juan, Santos Itamar S., Santric-Milicevic Milena M., Sao Jose Bruno Piassi, Saraswathy Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, Sarrafzadegan Nizal, Sartorius Benn, Sathian Brijesh, Sathish Thirunavukkarasu, Satpathy Maheswar, Sawhney Monika, Sayyah Mehdi, Sbarra Alyssa N., Schaeffer Lauren E., Schwebel David C., Senbeta Anbissa Muleta, Senthilkumaran Subramanian, Sepanlou Sadaf G., Servan-Mori Edson, Shafieesabet Azadeh, Shaheen Amira A., Shahid Izza, Shaikh Masood Ali, Shalash Ali S., Shams-Beyranvand Mehran, Shamsi MohammadBagher, Shamsizadeh Morteza, Shannawaz Mohammed, Sharafi Kiomars, Sharma Rajesh, Sheikh Aziz, Shetty B. Suresh Kumar, Shiferaw Wondimeneh Shibabaw, Shigematsu Mika, Shin Jae Il, Shiri Rahman, Shirkoohi Reza, Shivakumar K. M., Si Si, Siabani Soraya, Siddiqi Tariq Jamal, Silva Diego Augusto Santos, Singh Virendra, Singh Narinder Pal, Singh Balbir Bagicha Singh, Singh Jasvinder A., Singh Ambrish, Sinha Dhirendra Narain, Sisay Malede Mequanent, Skiadaresi Eirini, Smith David L., Filho Adauto Martins Soares, Sobhiyeh Mohammad Reza, Sokhan Anton, Soriano Joan B., Sorrie Muluken Bekele, Soyiri Ireneous N., Spurlock Emma Elizabeth, Sreeramareddy Chandrashekhar T., Sudaryanto Agus, Sufiyan Mu'awiyyah Babale, Suleria Hafiz Ansar Rasul, Sykes Bryan L., Tabares-Seisdedos Rafael, Tabuchi Takahiro, Tadesse Degena Bahrey, Tarigan Ingan Ukur, Taye Bineyam, Tefera Yonatal Mesfin, Tehrani-Banihashemi Arash, Tekelemedhin Shishay Wahdey, Tekle Merhawi Gebremedhin, Temsah Mohamad-Hani, Tesfay Berhe Etsay, Tesfay Fisaha Haile, Tessema Zemenu Tadesse, Thankappan Kavumpurathu Raman, ThekkePurakkal Akhil Soman, Thomas Nihal, Thompson Robert L., Thomson Alan J., Topor-Madry Roman, Tovani-Palone Marcos Roberto, Traini Eugenio, Bach Xuan Tran, Khanh Bao Tran, Ullah Irfan, Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran, Usman Muhammad Shariq, Uthman Olalekan A., Uzochukwu Benjamin S. Chudi, Valdez Pascual R., Varughese Santosh, Veisani Yousef, Violante Francesco S., Vollmer Sebastian, Whawariat Feleke Gebremeskel, Waheed Yasir, Wallin Mitchell Taylor, Wang Yuan-Pang, Wang Yafeng, Wangdi Kinley, Weiss Daniel J., Weldesamuel Girmay Teklay, Werkneh Adhena Ayaliew, Westerman Ronny, Wiangkham Taweewat, Wiens Kirsten E., Wijeratne Tissa, Wiysonge Charles Shey, Wolde Haileab Fekadu, Wondafrash Dawit Zewdu, Wonde Tewodros Eshete, Worku Getasew Taddesse, Yadollahpour Ali, Jabbari Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh, Yamada Tomohide, Yaseri Mehdi, Yatsuya Hiroshi, Yeshaneh Alex, Yilma Mekdes Tigistu, Yip Paul, Yisma Engida, Yonemoto Naohiro, Younis Mustafa Z., Yousof Hebat-Allah Salah A., Yu Chuanhua, Yusefzadeh Hasan, Zadey Siddhesh, Moghadam Telma Zahirian, Zaidi Zoubida, Bin Zaman Sojib, Zamani Mohammad, Zandian Hamed, Zar Heather J., Zerfu Taddese Alemu, Zhang Yunquan, Ziapour Arash, Zodpey Sanjay, Zuniga Yves Miel H., Hay Simon I, Reiner Robert C. Jr.

LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH Vol. 8 ( 9 ) page： E1162 - E1185 2020.9

Mapping geographical inequalities in access to drinking water and sanitation facilities in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000-17 Reviewed International coauthorship

Aniruddha Deshpande, Molly K. Miller-Petrie, Paulina A. Lindstedt, Mathew M. Baumann, Kimberly B. Johnson, Brigette F. Blacker, Hedayat Abbastabar, Foad Abd-Allah, Ahmed Abdelalim, Ibrahim Abdollahpour, Kedir Hussein Abegaz, Ayenew Negesse Abejie, Lucas Guimaraes Abreu, Michael R. M. Abrigo, Ahmed Abualhasan, Manfred Mario Kokou Accrombessi, Abdu A. Adamu, Oladimeji M. Adebayo, Isaac Akinkunmi Adedeji, Rufus Adesoji Adedoyin, Victor Adekanmbi, Olatunji O. Adetokunboh, Tara Ballav Adhikari, Mohsen Afarideh, Marcela Agudelo-Botero, Mehdi Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmadi, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Anwar E. Ahmed, Temesgen Yihunie Akalu, Ali S. Akanda, Fares Alahdab, Ziyad Al-Aly, Samiah Alam, Noore Alam, Genet Melak Alamene, Turki M. Alanzi, James Albright, Ammar Albujeer, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alcalde-Rabanal, Animut Alebel, Zewdie Aderaw Alemu, Muhammad Ali, Mehran Alijanzadeh, Vahid Alipour, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Ali Almasi, Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi, Khalid A. Altirkawi, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Nelson J. Alvis-Zakzuk, Saeed Amini, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Gianna Gayle Herrera Amul, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Mina Anjomshoa, Ansariadi Ansariadi, Carl Abelardo T. Antonio, Benny Antony, Ernoiz Antriyandarti, Jalal Arabloo, Hany Mohamed Amin Aref, Olatunde Aremu, Bahram Armoon, Amit Arora, Krishna K. Aryal, Afsaneh Arzani, Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi, Daniel Asmelash, Hagos Tasew Atalay, Seyyede Masoume Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Sachin R. Atre, Marcel Ausloos, Shally Awasthi, Nefsu Awoke, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Getinet Ayano, Martin Amogre Ayanore, Yared Asmare Aynalem, Samad Azari, Andrew S. Azman, Ebrahim Babaee, Alaa Badawi, Mojtaba Bagherzadeh, Shankar M. Bakkannavar, Senthilkumar Balakrishnan, Maciej Banach, Joseph Adel Mattar Banoub, Aleksandra Barac, Miguel A. Barboza, Till Winfried Barnighausen, Sanjay Basu, Vo Dinh Bay, Mohsen Bayati, Neeraj Bedi, Mahya Beheshti, Meysam Behzadifar, Masoud Behzadifar, Diana Fernanda Bejarano Ramirez, Michelle L. Bell, Derrick A. Bennett, Habib Benzian, Dessalegn Ajema Berbada, Robert S. Bernstein, Anusha Ganapati Bhat, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Soumyadeep Bhaumik, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Ali Bijani, Boris Bikbov, Muhammad Shahdaat Bin Sayeed, Raaj Kishore Biswas, Somayeh Bohlouli, Soufiane Boufous, Oliver J. Brady, Andrey Nikolaevich Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Briko, Gabrielle B. Britton, Alexandria Brown, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Zahid A. Butt, Luis Alberto Camera, Ismael R. Campos-Nonato, Julio Cesar Campuzano Rincon, Jorge Cano, Josip Car, Rosario Cardenas, Felix Carvalho, Carlos A. Castaneda-Orjuela, Franz Castro, Ester Cerin, Binaya Chalise, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Ken Lee Chin, Devasahayam J. Christopher, Dinh-Toi Chu, Natalie Maria Cormier, Vera Marisa Costa, Elizabeth A. Cromwell, Abel Fekadu Fekadu Dadi, Tukur Dahiru, Saad M. A. Dahlawi, Rakhi Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Anh Kim Dang, Farah Daoud, Aso Mohammad Darwesh, Amira Hamed Darwish, Ahmad Daryani, Jai K. Das, Rajat Das Gupta, Aditya Prasad Dash, Claudio Alberto Davila-Cervantes, Nicole Davis Weaver, Fernando Pio De la Hoz, Jan-Walter De Neve, Dereje Bayissa Demissie, Gebre Teklemariam Demoz, Edgar Denova-Gutierrez, Kebede Deribe, Assefa Desalew, Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne, Preeti Dhillon, Meghnath Dhimal, Govinda Prasad Dhungana, Daniel Diaz, Isaac Oluwafemi Dipeolu, Hoa Thi, Christiane Dolecek, Kerrie E. Doyle, Eleonora Dubljanin, Andre Rodrigues Duraes, Hisham Atan Edinur, Andem Effiong, Aziz Eftekhari, Nevine El Nahas, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Maha El Tantawi, Hala Rashad Elhabashy, Shaimaa El-Jaafary, Ziad El-Khatib, Hajer Elkout, Aisha Elsharkawy, Shymaa Enany, Daniel Adane Endalew, Babak Eshrati, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Arash Etemadi, Oluchi Ezekannagha, Emerito Jose A. Faraon, Mohammad Fareed, Andre Faro, Farshad Farzadfar, Alebachew Fasil Fasil, Mehdi Fazlzadeh, Valery L. Feigin, Wubalem Fekadu, Netsanet Fentahun, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Eduarda Fernandes, Irina Filip, Florian Fischer, Carsten Flohr, Nataliya A. Foigt, Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Masoud Foroutan, Richard Charles Franklin, Joseph Jon Frostad, Takeshi Fukumoto, Mohamed M. Gad, Gregory M. Garcia, Augustine Mwangi Gatotoh, Reta Tsegaye Gayesa, Ketema Bizuwork Gebremedhin, Yilma Chisha Dea Geramo, Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Kebede Embaye Gezae, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Farzaneh Ghazi Sherbaf, Tiffany K. Gill, Paramjit Singh Gill, Themba G. Ginindza, Alem Girmay, Zemichael Gizaw, Amador Goodridge, Sameer Vali Gopalani, Barbara Niegia Garcia Goulart, Alessandra C. Goulart, Ayman Grada, Manfred S. Green, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari, Harish Chander Gugnani, Davide Guido, Rafael Alves Guimaraes, Yuming Guo, Rajeev Gupta, Rahul Gupta, Giang Hai Ha, Juanita A. Haagsma, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Dessalegn H. Haile, Michael Tamene Haile, Brian J. Hall, Samer Hamidi, Demelash Woldeyohannes Handiso, Hamidreza Haririan, Ninuk Hariyani, Ahmed Hasaballah, Mehedi Hasan, Amir Hasanzadeh, Hamid Yimam Hassen, Desta Haftu Hayelom, Mohamed Hegazy, Behzad Heibati, Behnam Heidari, Delia Hendrie, Andualem Henok, Claudiu Herteliu, Fatemeh Heydarpour, Hagos Degefa de Hidru, Thomas R. Hird, Chi Linh Hoang, Gillian Hollerich, Praveen Hoogar, Naznin Hossain, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Mowafa Househ, Guoqing Hu, Ayesha Humayun, Syed Ather Hussain, Mamusha Aman A. Hussen, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Milena D. Ilic, Mohammad Hasan Imani-Nasab, Usman Iqbal, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Rebecca Q. Ivers, Chinwe Juliana Iwu, Nader Jahanmehr, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Amir Jalali, Achala Upendra Jayatilleke, Ensiyeh Jenabi, Ravi Prakash Jha, Vivekanand Jha, John S. Ji, Jost B. Jonas, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Ali Kabir, Zubair Kabir, Tanuj Kanchan, Andre Karch, Surendra Karki, Amir Kasaeian, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie Kasahun, Habtamu Kebebe Kasaye, Gebrehiwot G. Kassa, Getachew Mullu Kassa, Gbenga A. Kayode, Mihiretu M. Kebede, Peter Njenga Keiyoro, Daniel Bekele Ketema, Yousef Saleh Khader, Morteza Abdullatif Khafaie, Nauman Khalid, Rovshan Khalilov, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Junaid Khan, Nuruzzaman Khan, Khaled Khatab, Mona M. Khater, Amir M. Khater, Maryam Khayamzadeh, Mohammad Khazaei, Mohammad Hossein Khosravi, Jagdish Khubchandani, Ali Kiadaliri, Yun Jin Kim, Ruth W. Kimokoti, Sezer Kisa, Adnan Kisa, Sonali Kochhar, Tufa Kolola, Hamidreza Komaki, Soewarta Kosen, Parvaiz A. Koul, Ai Koyanagi, Kewal Krishan, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Nuworza Kugbey, Pushpendra Kumar, G. Anil Kumar, Manasi Kumar, Dian Kusuma, Carlo La Vecchia, Ben Lacey, Aparna Lal, Dharmesh Kumar Lal, Hilton Lam, Faris Hasan Lami, Van Charles Lansingh, Savita Lasrado, Georgy Lebedev, Paul H. Lee, Kate E. LeGrand, Mostafa Leili, Tsegaye Lolaso Lenjebo, Cheru Tesema Leshargie, Aubrey J. Levine, Sonia Lewycka, Shanshan Li, Shai Linn, Shiwei Liu, Jaifred Christian F. Lopez, Platon D. Lopukhov, Muhammed Magdy Abd El Razek, D. R. Mahadeshwara Prasad, Phetole Walter Mahasha, Narayan B. Mahotra, Azeem Majeed, Reza Malekzadeh, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Abdullah A. Mamun, Navid Manafi, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Chabila Christopher Mapoma, Gabriel Martinez, Santi Martini, Francisco Rogerlandio Martins-Melo, Manu Raj Mathur, Benjamin K. Mayala, Mohsen Mazidi, Colm McAlinden, Birhanu Geta Meharie, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Entezar Mehrabi Nasab, Kala M. Mehta, Teferi Mekonnen, Tefera Chane Mekonnen, Gebrekiros Gebremichael Meles, Hagazi Gebre Meles, Peter T. N. Memiah, Ziad A. Memish, Walter Mendoza, Ritesh G. Menezes, Seid Tiku Mereta, Tuomo J. Meretoja, Tomislav Mestrovic, Workua Mekonnen Metekiya, Bartosz Miazgowski, Ted R. Miller, G. K. Mini, Erkin M. Mirrakhimov, Babak Moazen, Bahram Mohajer, Yousef Mohammad, Dara K. Mohammad, Naser Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Roghayeh Mohammadibakhsh, Shafiu Mohammed, Jemal Abdu Mohammed, Hassen Mohammed, Farnam Mohebi, Ali H. Mokdad, Yoshan Moodley, Masoud Moradi, Ghobad Moradi, Mohammad Moradi-Joo, Paula Moraga, Linda Morales, Abbas Mosapour, Jonathan F. Mosser, Simin Mouodi, Seyyed Meysam Mousavi, Miliva Mozaffor, Sandra B. Munro, Moses K. Muriithi, Christopher J. L. Murray, Kamarul Imran Musa, Ghulam Mustafa, Saravanan Muthupandian, Mehdi Naderi, Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan, Mohsen Naghavi, Gurudatta Naik, Vinay Nangia, Bruno Ramos Nascimento, Javad Nazari, Duduzile Edith Ndwandwe, Ionut Negoi, Henok Biresaw Netsere, Josephine W. Ngunjiri, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, QuynhAnh P. Nguyen, Solomon Gedlu Nigatu, Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum, Chukwudi A. Nnaji, Marzieh Nojomi, Ole F. Norheim, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Bogdan Oancea, Felix Akpojene Ogbo, In-Hwan Oh, Andrew T. Olagunju, Jacob Olusegun Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola Olusanya, Obinna E. Onwujekwe, Doris Ortega-Altamirano, Osayomwanbo Osarenotor, Frank B. Osei, Mayowa O. Owolabi, P. A. Mahesh, Jagadish Rao Padubidri, Smita Pakhale, Adrian Pana, Eun-Kee Park, Sangram Kishor Patel, Ashish Pathak, Ajay Patle, Kebreab Paulos, Veincent Christian Filipino Pepito, Norberto Perico, Aslam Pervaiz, Julia Moreira Pescarini, Konrad Pesudovs, Hai Quang Pham, David M. Pigott, Thomas Pilgrim, Meghdad Pirsaheb, Mario Poljak, Ian Pollock, Maarten J. Postma, Farshad Pourmalek, Akram Pourshams, Sergio Prada, Liliana Preotescu, Hedley Quintana, Navid Rabiee, Mohammad Rabiee, Amir Radfar, Alireza Rafiei, Fakher Rahim, Siavash Rahimi, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman, Fatemeh Rajati, Chhabi Lal Ranabhat, Puja C. Rao, Davide Rasella, Goura Kishor Rath, Salman Rawaf, Lal Rawal, Wasiq Faraz Rawasia, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Vishnu Renjith, Andre M. N. Renzaho, Serge Resnikoff, Seyed Mohammad Riahi, Ana Isabel Ribeiro, Jennifer Rickard, Leonardo Roever, Luca Ronfani, Enrico Rubagotti, Salvatore Rubino, Anas M. Saad, Siamak Sabour, Ehsan Sadeghi, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Yahya Safari, Rajesh Sagar, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, S. Mohammad Sajadi, Mohammad Reza Salahshoor, Nasir Salam, Ahsan Saleem, Hosni Salem, Marwa Rashad Salem, Yahya Salimi, Hamideh Salimzadeh, Abdallah M. Samy, Juan Sanabria, Itamar S. Santos, Milena M. Santric-Milicevic, Bruno Piassi Sao Jose, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer Saraswathy, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Benn Sartorius, Brijesh Sathian, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Maheswar Satpathy, Monika Sawhney, Mehdi Sayyah, Alyssa N. Sbarra, Lauren E. Schaeffer, David C. Schwebel, Anbissa Muleta Senbeta, Subramanian Senthilkumaran, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Edson Servan-Mori, Azadeh Shafieesabet, Amira A. Shaheen, Izza Shahid, Masood Ali Shaikh, Ali S. Shalash, Mehran Shams-Beyranvand, MohammadBagher Shamsi, Morteza Shamsizadeh, Mohammed Shannawaz, Kiomars Sharafi, Rajesh Sharma, Aziz Sheikh, B. Suresh Kumar Shetty, Wondimeneh Shibabaw Shiferaw, Mika Shigematsu, Jae Il Shin, Rahman Shiri, Reza Shirkoohi, K. M. Shivakumar, Si Si, Soraya Siabani, Tariq Jamal Siddiqi, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Virendra Singh, Narinder Pal Singh, Balbir Bagicha Singh Singh, Jasvinder A. Singh, Ambrish Singh, Dhirendra Narain Sinha, Malede Mequanent Sisay, Eirini Skiadaresi, David L. Smith, Adauto Martins Soares Filho, Mohammad Reza Sobhiyeh, Anton Sokhan, Joan B. Soriano, Muluken Bekele Sorrie, Ireneous N. Soyiri, Emma Elizabeth Spurlock, Chandrashekhar T. Sreeramareddy, Agus Sudaryanto, Mu'awiyyah Babale Sufiyan, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Bryan L. Sykes, Rafael Tabares-Seisdedos, Takahiro Tabuchi, Degena Bahrey Tadesse, Ingan Ukur Tarigan, Bineyam Taye, Yonatal Mesfin Tefera, Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi, Shishay Wahdey Tekelemedhin, Merhawi Gebremedhin Tekle, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Berhe Etsay Tesfay, Fisaha Haile Tesfay, Zemenu Tadesse Tessema, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Akhil Soman ThekkePurakkal, Nihal Thomas, Robert L. Thompson, Alan J. Thomson, Roman Topor-Madry, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Eugenio Traini, Bach Xuan Tran, Khanh Bao Tran, Irfan Ullah, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Muhammad Shariq Usman, Olalekan A. Uthman, Benjamin S. Chudi Uzochukwu, Pascual R. Valdez, Santosh Varughese, Yousef Veisani, Francesco S. Violante, Sebastian Vollmer, Feleke Gebremeskel Whawariat, Yasir Waheed, Mitchell Taylor Wallin, Yuan-Pang Wang, Yafeng Wang, Kinley Wangdi, Daniel J. Weiss, Girmay Teklay Weldesamuel, Adhena Ayaliew Werkneh, Ronny Westerman, Taweewat Wiangkham, Kirsten E. Wiens, Tissa Wijeratne, Charles Shey Wiysonge, Haileab Fekadu Wolde, Dawit Zewdu Wondafrash, Tewodros Eshete Wonde, Getasew Taddesse Worku, Ali Yadollahpour, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Tomohide Yamada, Mehdi Yaseri, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Alex Yeshaneh, Mekdes Tigistu Yilma, Paul Yip, Engida Yisma, Naohiro Yonemoto, Mustafa Z. Younis, Hebat-Allah Salah A. Yousof, Chuanhua Yu, Hasan Yusefzadeh, Siddhesh Zadey, Telma Zahirian Moghadam, Zoubida Zaidi, Sojib Bin Zaman, Mohammad Zamani, Hamed Zandian, Heather J. Zar, Taddese Alemu Zerfu, Yunquan Zhang, Arash Ziapour, Sanjay Zodpey, Yves Miel H. Zuniga, Simon Hay, Robert C. Reiner

LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH Vol. 8 ( 9 ) page： E1162 - E1185 2020.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：ELSEVIER SCI LTD

Background Universal access to safe drinking water and sanitation facilities is an essential human right, recognised in the Sustainable Development Goals as crucial for preventing disease and improving human wellbeing. Comprehensive, high-resolution estimates are important to inform progress towards achieving this goal. We aimed to produce high-resolution geospatial estimates of access to drinking water and sanitation facilities.Methods We used a Bayesian geostatistical model and data from 600 sources across more than 88 low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) to estimate access to drinking water and sanitation facilities on continuous continent-wide surfaces from 2000 to 2017, and aggregated results to policy-relevant administrative units. We estimated mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive subcategories of facilities for drinking water (piped water on or off premises, other improved facilities, unimproved, and surface water) and sanitation facilities (septic or sewer sanitation, other improved, unimproved, and open defecation) with use of ordinal regression. We also estimated the number of diarrhoeal deaths in children younger than 5 years attributed to unsafe facilities and estimated deaths that were averted by increased access to safe facilities in 2017, and analysed geographical inequality in access within LMICs.Findings Across LMICs, access to both piped water and improved water overall increased between 2000 and 2017, with progress varying spatially. For piped water, the safest water facility type, access increased from 40.0% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 39.4-40.7) to 50.3% (50.0-50.5), but was lowest in sub-Saharan Africa, where access to piped water was mostly concentrated in urban centres. Access to both sewer or septic sanitation and improved sanitation overall also increased across all LMICs during the study period. For sewer or septic sanitation, access was 46.3% (95% UI 46.1-46.5) in 2017, compared with 28.7% (28.5-29.0) in 2000. Although some units improved access to the safest drinking water or sanitation facilities since 2000, a large absolute number of people continued to not have access in several units with high access to such facilities (>80%) in 2017. More than 253 000 people did not have access to sewer or septic sanitation facilities in the city of Harare, Zimbabwe, despite 88.6% (95% UI 87.2-89.7) access overall. Many units were able to transition from the least safe facilities in 2000 to safe facilities by 2017; for units in which populations primarily practised open defecation in 2000, 686 (95% UI 664-711) of the 1830 (1797-1863) units transitioned to the use of improved sanitation. Geographical disparities in access to improved water across units decreased in 76.1% (95% UI 71.6-80.7) of countries from 2000 to 2017, and in 53.9% (50.6-59.6) of countries for access to improved sanitation, but remained evident subnationally in most countries in 2017.Interpretation Our estimates, combined with geospatial trends in diarrhoeal burden, identify where efforts to increase access to safe drinking water and sanitation facilities are most needed. By highlighting areas with successful approaches or in need of targeted interventions, our estimates can enable precision public health to effectively progress towards universal access to safe water and sanitation. Copyright (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Risk Factors of Infectious Complications After Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Biopsy. Reviewed International journal

Tomohide Souma, Tomoyuki Minezawa, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Takuya Okamura, Kumiko Yamatsuta, Sayako Morikawa, Tomoya Horiguchi, Shingo Maeda, Yasuhiro Goto, Masamichi Hayashi, Sumito Isogai, Naoki Yamamoto, Masashi Kondo, Kazuyoshi Imaizumi

Chest Vol. 158 ( 2 ) page： 797 - 807 2020.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Infectious complications after endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial biopsy with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS-TBB) are serious in that they may delay or change scheduled subsequent therapy. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for infection after EBUS-GS-TBB. RESEARCH QUESTION: What are the risk factors for infection after EBUS-GS-TBB? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1,045 consecutive patients who had undergone EBUS-GS-TBB for peripheral lung lesions between January 2013 and December 2017 at Fujita Health University Hospital. We evaluated the following risk factors for infectious complications after EBUS-GS-TBB: relevant patient characteristics (age and comorbidities), lesion size, CT scan features of target lesion (intratumoral low-density areas [LDAs] and cavitation), stenosis of responsible bronchus observed by bronchoscopy, and laboratory data before EBUS-GS-TBB (WBC count and C-reactive protein concentration). RESULTS: Forty-seven of the study patients developed infectious complications (24 with pneumonia, 14 with intratumoral infection, three with lung abscess, three with pleuritis, and three with empyema), among whom the complication caused a delay in cancer treatment in 13 patients, cancellation of cancer treatment in seven patients, and death in three patients. Multivariate analysis showed that cavitation (P = .007), intratumoral LDAs (P < .001), and stenosis of responsible bronchus observed by bronchoscopy (P < .001) were significantly associated with infectious complications after EBUS-GS-TBB. Prophylactic antibiotics had been administered to 13 patients in the infection group. Propensity matched analysis could not show significant benefit of prophylactic antibiotics in preventing post-EBUS-GS-TBB infections. INTERPRETATION: Cavitation, LDAs for CT scan features of target lesions, and stenosis of responsible bronchus observed by bronchoscopy are risk factors of post-EBUS-GS-TBB infection. In the cohort, prophylactic antibiotics failed to prevent infectious complications.

DOI： 10.1016/j.chest.2020.02.025

Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) as a reliable option for detecting diabetes among the urban poor population in Bangladesh. Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

Chiang C, Aoyama A, Khalequzzaman M, Choudhury SR, Paul D, Rayna SE, Khan FA, Hirakawa Y, Iso H, Yatsuya H

European journal of public health Vol. 30 ( 4 ) page： 839 - 841 2020.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Our previous epidemiological survey targeting urban slum dwellers in Bangladesh showed that the prevalence of diabetes defined by glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was higher than the national estimation, and higher in women than men. Subsequently, we conducted the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and found that HbA1c values were consistent with the OGTT findings for detecting diabetes. Our findings indicated that HbA1c ≥6.5% was a rational cut-off, but the optimal HbA1c cut-off for this population might be lower than the internationally recommended threshold. Measuring HbA1c would be a reliable and feasible option for detecting diabetes among underprivileged population in developing countries.

DOI： 10.1093/eurpub/cky275

Mapping geographical inequalities in oral rehydration therapy coverage in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000-17 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

Wiens Kirsten E., Lindstedt Paulina A., Blacker Brigette F., Johnson Kimberly B., Baumann Mathew M., Schaeffer Lauren E., Abbastabar Hedayat, Abd-Allah Foad, Abdelalim Ahmed, Abdollahpour Ibrahim, Abegaz Kedir Hussein, Abejie Ayenew Negesse, Abreu Lucas Guimaraes, Abrigo Michael R. M., Abualhasan Ahmed, Accrombessi Manfred Mario Kokou, Acharya Dilaram, Adabi Maryam, Adamu Abdu A., Adebayo Oladimeji M., Adedoyin Rufus Adesoji, Adekanmbi Victor, Adetokunboh Olatunji O., Adhena Beyene Meressa, Afarideh Mohsen, Ahmad Sohail, Ahmadi Keivan, Ahmed Anwar E., Ahmed Muktar Beshir, Ahmed Rushdia, Akalu Temesgen Yihunie, Alahdab Fares, Al-Aly Ziyad, Alam Noore, Alam Samiah, Alamene Genet Melak, Alanzi Turki M., Alcalde-Rabanal Jacqueline Elizabeth, Ali Beriwan Abdulqadir, Alijanzadeh Mehran, Alipour Vahid, Aljunid Syed Mohamed, Almasi Ali, Almasi-Hashiani Amir, Al-Mekhlafi Hesham M., Altirkawi Khalid A., Alvis-Guzman Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk Nelson J., Amini Saeed, Amit Arianna Maever L., Andrei Catalina Liliana, Anjomshoa Mina, Anoushiravani Amir, Ansari Fereshteh, Antonio Carl Abelardo T., Antony Benny, Antriyandarti Ernoiz, Arabloo Jalal, Aref Hany Mohamed Amin, Aremu Olatunde, Armoon Bahram, Arora Amit, Aryal Krishna K., Arzani Afsaneh, Asadi-Aliabadi Mehran, Atalay Hagos Tasew, Athari Seyyed Shamsadin, Athari Seyyede Masoume, Atre Sachin R., Ausloos Marcel, Awoke Nefsu, Quintanilla Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Ayano Getinet, Ayanore Martin Amogre, Aynalem Yared Asmare, Azari Samad, Azzopardi Peter S., Babaee Ebrahim, Babalola Tesleem Kayode, Badawi Alaa, Bairwa Mohan, Bakkannavar Shankar M., Balakrishnan Senthilkumar, Bali Ayele Geleto, Banach Maciej, Banoub Joseph Adel Mattar, Barac Aleksandra, Barnighausen Till Winfried, Basaleem Huda, Basu Sanjay, Bay Vo Dinh, Bayati Mohsen, Baye Estifanos, Bedi Neeraj, Beheshti Mahya, Behzadifar Masoud, Behzadifar Meysam, Bekele Bayu Begashaw, Belayneh Yaschilal Muche, Bell Michelle L., Bennett Derrick A., Berbada Dessalegn Ajema, Bernstein Robert S., Bhat Anusha Ganapati, Bhattacharyya Krittika, Bhattarai Suraj, Bhaumik Soumyadeep, Bhutta Zulfiqar A., Bijani Ali, Bikbov Boris, Birihane Binyam Minuye, Biswas Raaj Kishore, Bohlouli Somayeh, Bojia Hunduma Amensisa, Boufous Soufiane, Brady Oliver J., Bragazzi Nicola Luigi, Briko Andrey Nikolaevich, Briko Nikolay Ivanovich, Britton Gabrielle B., Nagaraja Sharath Burugina, Busse Reinhard, Butt Zahid A., Camera Luis Alberto, Campos-Nonato Ismael R., Cano Jorge, Car Josip, Cardenas Rosario, Carvalho Felix, Castaneda-Orjuela Carlos A., Castro Franz, Chanie Wagaye Fentahun, Chatterjee Pranab, Chattu Vijay Kumar, Chichiabellu Tesfaye Yitna, Chin Ken Lee, Christopher Devasahayam J., Chu Dinh-Toi, Cormier Natalie Maria, Costa Vera Marisa, Culquichicon Carlos, Daba Matiwos Soboka, Damiani Giovanni, Dandona Lalit, Dandona Rakhi, Dang Anh Kim, Darwesh Aso Mohammad, Darwish Amira Hamed, Daryani Ahmad, Das Jai K., Das Gupta Rajat, Dash Aditya Prasad, Davey Gail, Davila-Cervantes Claudio Alberto, Davis Adrian C., Davitoiu Dragos Virgil, De la Hoz Fernando Pio, Demis Asmamaw Bizuneh, Demissie Dereje Bayissa, Demissie Getu Debalkie, Demoz Gebre Teklemariam, Demoz Gebre Teklemariam, Denova-Gutierrez Edgar, Deribe Kebede, Desalew Assefa, Deshpande Aniruddha, Dharmaratne Samath Dhamminda, Dhillon Preeti, Dhimal Meghnath, Dhungana Govinda Prasad, Diaz Daniel, Dipeolu Isaac Oluwafemi, Djalalinia Shirin, Doyle Kerrie E., Dubljanin Eleonora, Duko Bereket, Duraes Andre Rodrigues, Kalan Mohammad Ebrahimi, Edinur Hisham Atan, Effiong Andem, Eftekhari Aziz, El Nahas Nevine, El Sayed Iman, Zaki Maysaa El Sayed, El Tantawi Maha, Elema Teshome Bekele, Elhabashy Hala Rashad, El-Jaafary Shaimaa I., Elkout Hajer, Elsharkawy Aisha, Elyazar Iqbal R. F., Endalamaw Aklilu, Endalew Daniel Adane, Eskandarieh Sharareh, Esteghamati Alireza, Esteghamati Sadaf, Etemadi Arash, Ezekannagha Oluchi, Fareed Mohammad, Faridnia Roghiyeh, Farzadfar Farshad, Fazlzadeh Mehdi, Feigin Valery L., Fereshtehnejad Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes Eduarda, Filip Irina, Fischer Florian, Foigt Nataliya A., Folayan Morenike Oluwatoyin, Foroutan Masoud, Franklin Richard Charles, Fukumoto Takeshi, Gad Mohamed M., Gayesa Reta Tsegaye, Gebre Teshome, Gebremedhin Ketema Bizuwork, Gebremeskel Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, Gesesew Hailay Abrha, Gezae Kebede Embaye, Ghadiri Keyghobad, Ghashghaee Ahmad, Ghimire Pramesh Raj, Gill Paramjit Singh, Gill Tiffany K., Ginindza Themba G., Gomes Nelson G. M., Gopalani Sameer Vali, Goulart Alessandra C., Goulart Barbara Niegia Garcia, Grada Ayman, Gubari Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, Gugnani Harish Chander, Guido Davide, Guimaraes Rafael Alves, Guo Yuming, Gupta Rajeev, Hafezi-Nejad Nima, Haile Dessalegn H., Hailu Gessessew Bugssa, Haj-Mirzaian Arvin, Haj-Mirzaian Arya, Hamadeh Randah R., Hamidi Samer, Handiso Demelash Woldeyohannes, Haririan Hamidreza, Hariyani Ninuk, Hasaballah Ahmed I., Hasan Md Mehedi, Hasanpoor Edris, Hasanzadeh Amir, Hassankhani Hadi, Hassen Hamid Yimam, Hegazy Mohamed I., Heibati Behzad, Heidari Behnam, Hendrie Delia, Henry Nathaniel J., Herteliu Claudiu, Heydarpour Fatemeh, de Hidru Hagos Degefa, Hird Thomas R., Hoang Chi Linh, Rad Enayatollah Homaie, Hoogar Praveen, Hoseini Mohammad, Hossain Naznin, Hosseini Mostafa, Hosseinzadeh Mehdi, Househ Mowafa, Hsairi Mohamed, Hu Guoqing, Hussen Mohammedaman Mama, Ibitoye Segun Emmanuel, Igumbor Ehimario U., Ilesanmi Olayinka Stephen, Ilic Milena D., Imani-Nasab Mohammad Hasan, Iqbal Usman, Irvani Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Iwu Chinwe Juliana, Izadi Neda, Jaca Anelisa, Jahanmehr Nader, Jakovljevic Mihajlo, Jalali Amir, Jayatilleke Achala Upendra, Jha Ravi Prakash, Jha Vivekanand, Ji John S., Jonas Jost B., Jozwiak Jacek Jerzy, Kabir Ali, Kabir Zubair, Kahsay Amaha, Kalani Hamed, Kanchan Tanuj, Matin Behzad Karami, Karch Andre, Karim Mohd Anisul, Karki Hamidreza Karimi-Sari Surendra, Kasaeian Amir, Kasahun Gebremicheal Gebreslassie, Kasahun Yawukal Chane, Kasaye Habtamu Kebebe, Kassa Gebrehiwot G., Kassa Getachew Mullu, Kayode Gbenga A., Karyani Ali Kazemi, Kebede Mihiretu M., Keiyoro Peter Njenga, Kelbore Abraham Getachew, Kengne Andre Pascal, Ketema Daniel Bekele, Khader Yousef Saleh, Khafaie Morteza Abdullatif, Khalid Nauman, Khalilov Rovshan, Khan Ejaz Ahmad, Khan Junaid, Khan Md Nuruzzaman, Khan Muhammad Shahzeb, Khatab Khaled, Khater Amir M., Khater Mona M., Khayamzadeh Maryam, Khazaei Mohammad, Khazaei Salman, Khosravi Mohammad Hossein, Khubchandani Jagdish, Kiadaliri Ali, Kim Yun Jin, Kimokoti Ruth W., Kisa Adnan, Kisa Sezer, Kissoon Niranjan, Shivakumar K. M., Kochhar Sonali, Kolola Tufa, Komaki Hamidreza, Kosen Soewarta, Koul Parvaiz A., Koyanagi Ai, Kraemer Moritz U. G., Krishan Kewal, Kugbey Nuworza, Kumar G. Anil, Kumar Manasi, Kumar Pushpendra, Kusuma Vivek Kumar Dian, La Vecchia Carlo, Lacey Ben, Lad Sheetal D., Lal Dharmesh Kumar, Lam Felix, Lami Faris Hasan, Lamichhane Prabhat, Lansingh Van Charles, Lasrado Savita, Laxmaiah Avula, Lee Paul H., LeGrand Kate E., Leili Mostafa, Lenjebo Tsegaye Lolaso, Leshargie Cheru Tesema, Levine Aubrey J., Li Shanshan, Linn Shai, Liu Shiwei, Liu Simin, Lodha Rakesh, Longbottom Joshua, Lopez Jaifred Christian F., Abd El Razek Hassan Magdy, Abd El Razek Muhammed Magdy, Prasad D. R. Mahadeshwara, Mahasha Phetole Walter, Mahotra Narayan B., Majeed Azeem, Malekzadeh Reza, Malta Deborah Carvalho, Mamun Abdullah A., Manafi Navid, Manda Ana Laura, Manohar Narendar Dawani Dawanu, Mansournia Mohammad Ali, Mapoma Chabila Christopher, Maravilla Joemer C., Martinez Gabriel, Martini Santi, Martins-Melo Francisco Rogerlandio, Masaka Anthony, Massenburg Benjamin Ballard, Mathur Manu Raj, Mayala Benjamin K., Mazidi Mohsen, McAlinden Colm, Meharie Birhanu Geta, Mehndiratta Man Mohan, Mehta Kala M., Mekonnen Tefera Chane, Meles Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Memiah Peter T. N., Memish Ziad A., Mendoza Walter, Menezes Ritesh G., Mereta Seid Tiku, Meretoja Tuomo J., Mestrovic Tomislav, Miazgowski Bartosz, Mihretie Kebadnew Mulatu, Miller Ted R., Mini G. K., Mirrakhimov Erkin M., Moazen Babak, Mohajer Bahram, Mohamadi-Bolbanabad Amjad, Mohammad Dara K., Mohammad Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammad Yousef, Mezerji Naser Mohammad Gholi, Mohammadibakhsh Roghayeh, Mohammadifard Noushin, Mohammed Jemal Abdu, Mohammed Shafiu, Mohebi Farnam, Mokdad Ali H., Molokhia Mariam, Monasta Lorenzo, Moodley Yoshan, Moore Catrin E., Moradi Ghobad, Moradi Masoud, Moradi-Joo Mohammad, Moradi-Lakeh Maziar, Moraga Paula, Morales Linda, Velasquez Ilais Moreno, Mosapour Abbas, Mouodi Simin, Mousavi Seyyed Meysam, Mozaffor Miliva, Muchie Kindie Fentahun, Mulaw Getahun Fentaw, Munro Sandra B., Muriithi Moses K., Murray Christoper J. L., Murthy G. V. S., Musa Kamarul Imran, Mustafa Ghulam, Muthupandian Saravanan, Nabhan Ashraf F., Naderi Mehdi, Nagarajan Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naidoo Kovin S., Naik Gurudatta, Najafi Farid, Nangia Vinay, Nansseu Jobert Richie, Nascimento Bruno Ramos, Nazari Javad, Ndwandwe Duduzile Edith, Negoi Ionut, Netsere Henok Biresaw, Ngunjiri Josephine W., Nguyen Cuong Tat, Nguyen Huong Lan Thi, Nguyen Trang Huyen, Nigatu Dabere, Nigatu Solomon Gedlu, Ningrum Dina Nur Anggraini, Nnaji Chukwudi A., Nojomi Marzieh, Nong Vuong Minh, Norheim Ole F., Noubiap Jean Jacques, Motlagh Soraya Nouraei, Oancea Bogdan, Ogah Okechukwu Samuel, Ogbo Felix Akpojene, Oh In-Hwan, Olagunju Andrew T., Olagunju Tinuke O., Olusanya Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya Jacob Olusegun, Onwujekwe Obinna E., Oren Eyal, Ortega-Altamirano Doris V., Osarenotor Osayomwanbo, Osei Frank B., Owolabi Mayowa O., Mahesh P. A., Padubidri Jagadish Rao, Pakhale Smita, Patel Sangram Kishor, Paternina-Caicedo Angel J., Pathak Ashish, Patton George C., Paudel Deepak, Paulos Kebreab, Pepito Veincent Christian Filipino, Pereira Alexandre, Perico Norberto, Pervaiz Aslam, Pescarini Julia Moreira, Piroozi Bakhtiar, Pirsaheb Meghdad, Postma Maarten J., Pourjafar Hadi, Pourmalek Farshad, Pourshams Akram, Poustchi Hossein, Prada Sergio I., Prasad Narayan, Preotescu Liliana, Quintana Hedley, Rabiee Navid, Radfar Amir, Rafiei Alireza, Rahim Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar Afarin, Rahimi-Movaghar Vafa, Rahman Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman Muhammad Aziz, Rahman Shafiur, Rajati Fatemeh, Rana Saleem Muhammad, Ranabhat Chhabi Lal, Rasella Davide, Rawaf David Laith, Rawaf Salman, Rawal Lal, Rawasia Wasiq Faraz, Renjith Vishnu, Renzaho Andre M. N., Resnikoff Serge, Reta Melese Abate, Rezaei Negar, Rezai Mohammad Sadegh, Riahi Seyed Mohammad, Ribeiro Ana Isabel, Rickard Jennifer, Rios-Blancas Maria, Roever Leonardo, Ronfani Luca, Roro Elias Merdassa, Ross Jennifer M., Rubagotti Enrico, Rubino Salvatore, Saad Anas M., Sabde Yogesh Damodar, Sabour Siamak, Sadeghi Ehsan, Safari Yahya, Safari-Faramani Roya, Sagar Rajesh, Sahebkar Amirhossein, Sahraian Mohammad Ali, Sajadi S. Mohammad, Salahshoor Mohammad Reza, Salam Nasir, Salamati Payman, Salem Hosni, Salem Marwa Rashad, Salimi Yahya, Salimzadeh Hamideh, Samy Abdallah M., Sanabria Juan, Santric-Milicevic Milena M., Jose Bruno Piassi Sao, Saraswathy Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, Sarkar Kaushik, Sarker Abdur Razzaque, Sarrafzadegan Nizal, Sartorius Benn, Sathian Brijesh, Sathish Thirunavukkarasu, Sawhney Monika, Saxena Sonia, Schwebel David C., Senbeta Anbissa Muleta, Senthilkumaran Subramanian, Sepanlou Sadaf G., Servan-Mori Edson, Shabaninejad Hosein, Shafieesabet Azadeh, Shaikh Masood Ali, Shalash Ali S., Shallo Seifadin Ahmed, Shams-Beyranvand Mehran, Shamsi MohammadBagher, Shamsizadeh Morteza, Shannawaz Mohammed, Sharafi Kiomars, Sharifi Hamid, Shehata Hatem Samir, Sheikh Aziz, Shetty B. Suresh Kumar, Shibuya Kenji, Shiferaw Wondimeneh Shibabaw, Shifti Desalegn Markos, Shigematsu Mika, Il Shin Jae, Shiri Rahman, Shirkoohi Reza, Siabani Soraya, Siddiqi Tariq Jamal, Silva Diego Augusto Santos, Singh Ambrish, Singh Jasvinder A., Singh Narinder Pal, Singh Virendra, Sisay Malede Mequanent, Skiadaresi Eirini, Sobhiyeh Mohammad Reza, Sokhan Anton, Soltani Shahin, Somayaji Ranjani, Soofi Moslem, Sorrie Muluken Bekele, Soyiri Ireneous N., Sreeramareddy Chandrashekhar T., Sudaryanto Agus, Sufiyan Mu'awiyyah Babale, Suleria Hafiz Ansar Rasul, Sultana Marufa, Sunguya Bruno Fokas, Sykes Bryan L., Tabares-Seisdedos Rafael, Tabuchi Takahiro, Tadesse Degena Bahrey, Tarigan Ingan Ukur, Tasew Aberash Abay, Tefera Yonatal Mesfin, Tekle Merhawi Gebremedhin, Temsah Mohamad-Hani, Tesfay Berhe Etsay, Tesfay Fisaha Haile, Tessema Belay, Tessema Zemenu Tadesse, Thankappan Kavumpurathu Raman, Thomas Nihal, Toma Alemayehu, Topor-Madry Roman, Tovani-Palone Marcos Roberto, Traini Eugenio, Tran Bach Xuan, Tran Khanh Bao, Ullah Irfan, Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran, Usman Muhammad Shariq, Uzochukwu Benjamin S. 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Jr.

LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH Vol. 8 ( 8 ) page： 1038 - 1060 2020.8

安全衛生担当労働者における加熱式タバコの利用状況 Reviewed

厚生の指標 Vol. 67 ( 6 ) page： 23 - 28 2020.6

Authorship：Last author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

目的職域では受動喫煙対策とともに喫煙労働者への禁煙指導が課題となっている。日本の職域における加熱式タバコの使用実態を報告した論文は少ない。本研究の目的は,職域における加熱式タバコの使用実態を把握し,喫煙対策の実施につながる知見を得ることである。方法某労働災害防止団体の地方センターにおいて2019年4月〜6月末の3ヵ月間に開催した安全衛生教育受講者(819人)を対象にした自記式質問紙調査を実施した。喫煙率,加熱式タバコ利用状況,年齢,性別,役職,企業規模,喫煙習慣との関連を調べた。回答者741人のうち,男性回答者で分析に必要な項目に欠損がなかった653人を解析した。結果喫煙率は37.8%(247人)であった。現喫煙者割合は40〜49歳で高く(40.1%),過去喫煙者割合は50歳以上で高く(37.8%),非喫煙者割合は40歳未満で高かった(49.1%)(p<0.001)。役職,企業規模と現喫煙,過去喫煙,非喫煙の割合に有意な関連は認めなかった。現喫煙者247人の内,加熱式タバコのみを利用する者が67人(現喫煙者の27.1%),加熱式タバコと通常のタバコとの併用者が55人(現喫煙者の22.3%)であった。加熱式タバコの利用状況(加熱式のみ,併用,通常のタバコのみ)と年齢,役職,企業規模との間に統計学的に有意な関連は認めなかった。加熱式タバコの利用理由は「においが少ない」(67.2%),「煙が少ない」(47.5%),「火の心配が少ない」(43.4%),「自分の健康被害が少ないと思う」(35.2%),「周囲の健康被害が少ないと思う」(34.4%)であった。結論男性労働者の喫煙率には年齢による差はあったが,企業規模や役職による差はなかった。男性労働者の加熱式タバコの利用は20%程度で,全喫煙者の約半分であった。本研究では,健康被害よりもにおいや火に関連した危険を理由として加熱式タバコを利用する者が多かった。事業場においては,通常のタバコへの喫煙対策と併せて加熱式タバコへの対策も行うことが望まれる

Habitual tub bathing and risks of incident coronary heart disease and stroke. Reviewed International journal

Tomohiko Ukai, Hiroyasu Iso, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Isao Saito, Yoshihiro Kokubo, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Isao Muraki, Ehab S Eshak, Norie Sawada, Shoichiro Tsugane

Heart (British Cardiac Society) Vol. 106 ( 10 ) page： 732 - 737 2020.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVE: Tub bathing is considered to have a preventive effect against cardiovascular disease (CVD) by improving haemodynamic function. However, no prospective studies have investigated the long-term effects of tub bathing with regard to CVD risk. METHODS: A total of 30 076 participants aged 40-59 years with no history of CVD or cancer were followed up from 1990 to 2009. Participants were classified by bathing frequency: zero to two times/week, three to four times/week and almost every day. The HRs of incident CVD were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models after adjusting for traditional CVD risk factors and selected dietary factors. RESULTS: During 538 373 person-years of follow-up, we documented a total of 2097 incident cases of CVD, comprising 328 coronary heart diseases (CHDs) (275 myocardial infarctions and 53 sudden cardiac deaths) and 1769 strokes (991 cerebral infarctions, 510 intracerebral haemorrhages, 255 subarachnoid haemorrhages and 13 unclassified strokes). The multivariable HRs (95% CIs) for almost daily or every day versus zero to two times/week were 0.72 (0.62 to 0.84, trend p<0.001) for total CVD; 0.65 (0.45 to 0.94, trend p=0.065) for CHD; 0.74 (0.62 to 0.87, trend p=0.005) for total stroke; 0.77 (0.62 to 0.97, trend p=0.467) for cerebral infarction; and 0.54 (0.40 to 0.73, trend p<0.001) for intracerebral haemorrhage. No associations were observed between tub bathing frequency and risk of sudden cardiac death or subarachnoid haemorrhage. CONCLUSION: The frequency of tub bathing was inversely associated with the risk of CVD among middle-aged Japanese.

DOI： 10.1136/heartjnl-2019-315752