Faculty Profiles - YATSUYA Hiroshi

Estimation of 10-Year Risk of Death from Coronary Heart Disease, Stroke, and Cardiovascular Disease in a Pooled Analysis of Japanese Cohorts: EPOCH-JAPAN. Reviewed

Yuanying Li, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Sachiko Tanaka, Hiroyasu Iso, Akira Okayama, Ichiro Tsuji, Kiyomi Sakata, Yoshihiro Miyamoto, Hirotsugu Ueshima, Katsuyuki Miura, Yoshitaka Murakami, Tomonori Okamura

Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis Vol. 28 ( 8 ) page： 816 - 825 2021

Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japan Atherosclerosis Society

AIMS: We aimed to develop and validate risk prediction models to estimate the absolute 10-year risk of death from coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS: We evaluated a total of 44,869 individuals aged 40-79 years from eight Japanese prospective cohorts to derive coefficients of risk equations using cohort-stratified Cox proportional hazard regression models. Discrimination (C-index) of the equation was examined in each cohort and summarised using random-effect meta-analyses. Calibration of the equation was assessed using Hosmer-Lemeshow chi-squared statistic. RESULTS: Within a median follow-up of 12.7 years, we observed 765 deaths due to CVD (276 CHDs and 489 strokes). After backward selection, age, sex, current smoking, systolic blood pressure (SBP), proteinuria, prevalent diabetes mellitus, the ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDLC), interaction terms of age by SBP, and age by current smoking were retained as predictors for CHD. Sex was excluded in the stroke equation. We did not consider TC/HDLC as a risk factor for the stroke and CVD equations. The pooled C-indices for CHD, stroke, and CVD were 0.83, 0.80, and 0.81, respectively, and the corresponding p-values of the Hosmer-Lemeshow tests were 0.18, 0.003, and 0.25, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Risk equations in the present study can adequately estimate the absolute 10-year risk of death from CHD, stroke, and CVD. Future work will evaluate the system as an education and risk communication tool for primary prevention of CHD and stroke.

DOI： 10.5551/jat.58958

Pelvic exenteration associated with future renal dysfunction. Reviewed

Masanori Sando, Kay Uehara, Yuanying Li, Toshisada Aiba, Atsushi Ogura, Tomoki Ebata, Yasuhiro Kodera, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Masato Nagino

Surgery today Vol. 50 ( 12 ) page： 1601 - 1609 2020.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

PURPOSE: This study aimed to clarify the long-term change in the renal function after pelvic exenteration (PE) and to evaluate the risk factors for any future dysfunction. METHODS: This study comprised 40 patients. A greater than 25% decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at 3 years was defined as early renal function disorder (ERFD), possibly predicting future chronic kidney disease (CKD). RESULTS: In the entire cohort, the median eGFR decreased by 23% at 3 years, and CKD developed in 50%. The patients were divided into the ERFD (n = 16) and non-ERFD (n = 24) groups. In the ERFD group, the eGFR significantly decreased by 28% during the first 1.5 years and continued to decline after that, resulting in 81.3% of patients reaching CKD, whereas it was 4% and 37.5%, respectively, in the non-ERFD group. In a growth model analysis, late urinary tract complications (UTC) and small bowel obstruction were shown to be risk factors for ERFD. CONCLUSION: Although PE was associated with a high incidence of future CKD, ERFD could predict it. Close observation of the eGFR decline over 1.5 years might be beneficial to identify ERFD patients. High-risk patients with late UTC and small bowel obstruction should, therefore, be observed carefully.

DOI： 10.1007/s00595-020-02036-0

Increased risk of occupational trichloroethylene hypersensitivity syndrome at exposure levels higher than 15 mg/L of urinary trichloroacetic acid, regardless of whether the patients had the HLA-B*13:01 allele. Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

Hailan Wang, Tamie Nakajima, Yuki Ito, Hisao Naito, Na Zhao, Hongling Li, Xinxiang Qiu, Lihua Xia, Jiabin Chen, Qifeng Wu, Laiyu Li, Hanlin Huang, Yukie Yanagiba, Hongyung Qu, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Michihiro Kamijima

Environmental research Vol. 191 page： 109972 - 109972 2020.12

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Occupational trichloroethylene (TCE) exposure can cause hypersensitivity syndrome (TCE-HS). The human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*13:01 is reportedly an important allele involved in TCE-HS onset. However, the threshold exposure level causing TCE-HS in relation to HLA-B*13:01 remains unknown. We conducted a case-control study comprising 37 TCE-HS patients and 97 age- and sex-matched TCE-tolerant controls from the Han Chinese population. Urine and blood of patients were collected on the first day of hospitalization, and those of controls were collected at the end of their shifts. Urinary trichloroacetic acid (TCA) was measured as an exposure marker, and end-of-shift levels in the patients were estimated using the biological half-life of 83.7 h. HLA-B genotype was identified using DNA from blood. Crude odds ratios (ORs) for TCE-HS in the groups with urinary TCA concentration >15 mg/L to ≤50 mg/L and of >50 mg/L were 21.9 [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.2-114.1] and 27.6 (6.1-125.8), respectively, when the group with urinary TCA ≤15 mg/L was used as a reference. The frequency of HLA-B*13:01, the most common allele in the patients, was 62.2% (23/37), which was significantly higher than 17.5% (17/97) in the TCE-tolerant controls, with a crude OR of 8.4 (3.1-22.6). The mutually-adjusted ORs for urinary TCA >15 to ≤50 mg/L, >50 mg/L, and for HLA-B*13:01 were 33.4 (4.1-270.8), 34.0 (5.3-217.1), and 11.0 (2.4-50.7), respectively. In conclusion, reduction of TCE exposure to ≤15 mg/L is required for TCE-HS prevention because urinary TCA concentration >15 mg/L showed increased risk of TCE-HS, regardless of whether the patients had the HLA-B*13:01 allele.

DOI： 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109972

Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990–2019 Reviewed International coauthorship

Gregory A. Roth, George A. Mensah, Catherine O. Johnson, Giovanni Addolorato, Enrico Ammirati, Larry M. Baddour, Noël C. Barengo, Andrea Z. Beaton, Emelia J. Benjamin, Catherine P. Benziger, Aimé Bonny, Michael Brauer, Marianne Brodmann, Thomas J. Cahill, Jonathan Carapetis, Alberico L. Catapano, Sumeet S. Chugh, Leslie T. Cooper, Josef Coresh, Michael Criqui, Nicole DeCleene, Kim A. Eagle, Sophia Emmons-Bell, Valery L. Feigin, Joaquim Fernández-Solà, Gerry Fowkes, Emmanuela Gakidou, Scott M. Grundy, Feng J. He, George Howard, Frank Hu, Lesley Inker, Ganesan Karthikeyan, Nicholas Kassebaum, Walter Koroshetz, Carl Lavie, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Hong S. Lu, Antonio Mirijello, Awoke Misganaw Temesgen, Ali Mokdad, Andrew E. Moran, Paul Muntner, Jagat Narula, Bruce Neal, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Glaucia Moraes de Oliveira, Catherine Otto, Mayowa Owolabi, Michael Pratt, Sanjay Rajagopalan, Marissa Reitsma, Antonio Luiz P. Ribeiro, Nancy Rigotti, Anthony Rodgers, Craig Sable, Saate Shakil, Karen Sliwa-Hahnle, Benjamin Stark, Johan Sundström, Patrick Timpel, Imad M. Tleyjeh, Marco Valgimigli, Theo Vos, Paul K. Whelton, Magdi Yacoub, Liesl Zuhlke, Christopher Murray, Valentin Fuster, Gregory A. Roth, George A. Mensah, Catherine O. Johnson, Giovanni Addolorato, Enrico Ammirati, Larry M. Baddour, Noel C. Barengo, Andrea Beaton, Emelia J. Benjamin, Catherine P. Benziger, Aime Bonny, Michael Brauer, Marianne Brodmann, Thomas J. Cahill, Jonathan R. Carapetis, Alberico L. Catapano, Sumeet Chugh, Leslie T. Cooper, Josef Coresh, Michael H. Criqui, Nicole K. DeCleene, Kim A. Eagle, Sophia Emmons-Bell, Valery L. Feigin, Joaquim Fernández-Sola, F. Gerry R. Fowkes, Emmanuela Gakidou, Scott M. Grundy, Feng J. He, George Howard, Frank Hu, Lesley Inker, Ganesan Karthikeyan, Nicholas J. Kassebaum, Walter J. Koroshetz, Carl Lavie, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Hong S. Lu, Antonio Mirijello, Awoke T. Misganaw, Ali H. Mokdad, Andrew E. Moran, Paul Muntner, Jagat Narula, Bruce Neal, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Gláucia M.M. Oliveira, Catherine M. Otto, Mayowa O. Owolabi, Michael Pratt, Sanjay Rajagopalan, Marissa B. Reitsma, Antonio Luiz P. Ribeiro, Nancy A. Rigotti, Anthony Rodgers, Craig A. Sable, Saate S. Shakil, Karen Sliwa, Benjamin A. Stark, Johan Sundström, Patrick Timpel, Imad I. Tleyjeh, Marco Valgimigli, Theo Vos, Paul K. Whelton, Magdi Yacoub, Liesl J. Zuhlke, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Alireza Abdi, Aidin Abedi, Victor Aboyans, Woldu A. Abrha, Eman Abu-Gharbieh, Abdelrahman I. Abushouk, Dilaram Acharya, Tim Adair, Oladimeji M. Adebayo, Zanfina Ademi, Shailesh M. Advani, Khashayar Afshari, Ashkan Afshin, Gina Agarwal, Pradyumna Agasthi, Sohail Ahmad, Sepideh Ahmadi, Muktar B. Ahmed, Budi Aji, Yonas Akalu, Wuraola Akande-Sholabi, Addis Aklilu, Chisom J. Akunna, Fares Alahdab, Ayman Al-Eyadhy, Khalid F. Alhabib, Sheikh M. Alif, Vahid Alipour, Syed M. Aljunid, François Alla, Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Sami Almustanyir, Rajaa M. Al-Raddadi, Adeladza K. Amegah, Saeed Amini, Arya Aminorroaya, Hubert Amu, Dickson A. Amugsi, Robert Ancuceanu, Deanna Anderlini, Tudorel Andrei, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Zelalem A. Anteneh, Ippazio Cosimo Antonazzo, Benny Antony, Razique Anwer, Lambert T. Appiah, Jalal Arabloo, Johan Ärnlöv, Kurnia D. Artanti, Zerihun Ataro, Marcel Ausloos, Leticia Avila-Burgos, Asma T. Awan, Mamaru A. Awoke, Henok T. Ayele, Muluken A. Ayza, Samad Azari, Darshan B. B, Nafiseh Baheiraei, Atif A. Baig, Ahad Bakhtiari, Maciej Banach, Palash C. Banik, Emerson A. Baptista, Miguel A. Barboza, Lingkan Barua, Sanjay Basu, Neeraj Bedi, Yannick Béjot, Derrick A. Bennett, Isabela M. Bensenor, Adam E. Berman, Yihienew M. Bezabih, Akshaya S. Bhagavathula, Sonu Bhaskar, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Ali Bijani, Boris Bikbov, Mulugeta M. Birhanu, Archith Boloor, Luisa C. Brant, Hermann Brenner, Nikolay I. Briko, Zahid A. Butt, Florentino Luciano Caetano dos Santos, Leah E. Cahill, Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado, Luis A. Cámera, Ismael R. Campos-Nonato, Carlos Cantu-Brito, Josip Car, Juan J. Carrero, Felix Carvalho, Carlos A. Castañeda-Orjuela, Ferrán Catalá-López, Ester Cerin, Jaykaran Charan, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Simiao Chen, Ken L. Chin, Jee-Young J. Choi, Dinh-Toi Chu, Sheng-Chia Chung, Massimo Cirillo, Sean Coffey, Sara Conti, Vera M. Costa, David K. Cundiff, Omid Dadras, Baye Dagnew, Xiaochen Dai, Albertino A.M. Damasceno, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dandona, Kairat Davletov, Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora, Fernando P. De la Hoz, Jan-Walter De Neve, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Meseret Derbew Molla, Behailu T. Derseh, Rupak Desai, Günther Deuschl, Samath D. Dharmaratne, Meghnath Dhimal, Raja Ram Dhungana, Mostafa Dianatinasab, Daniel Diaz, Shirin Djalalinia, Klara Dokova, Abdel Douiri, Bruce B. Duncan, Andre R. Duraes, Arielle W. Eagan, Sanam Ebtehaj, Aziz Eftekhari, Sahar Eftekharzadeh, Michael Ekholuenetale, Nevine El Nahas, Islam Y. Elgendy, Muhammed Elhadi, Shaimaa I. El-Jaafary, Sadaf Esteghamati, Atkilt E. Etisso, Oghenowede Eyawo, Ibtihal Fadhil, Emerito Jose A. Faraon, Pawan S. Faris, Medhat Farwati, Farshad Farzadfar, Eduarda Fernandes, Carlota Fernandez Prendes, Pietro Ferrara, Irina Filip, Florian Fischer, David Flood, Takeshi Fukumoto, Mohamed M. Gad, Shilpa Gaidhane, Morsaleh Ganji, Jalaj Garg, Abadi K. Gebre, Birhan G. Gebregiorgis, Kidane Z. Gebregzabiher, Gebreamlak G. Gebremeskel, Lemma Getacher, Abera Getachew Obsa, Alireza Ghajar, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Nermin Ghith, Simona Giampaoli, Syed Amir Gilani, Paramjit S. Gill, Richard F. Gillum, Ekaterina V. Glushkova, Elena V. Gnedovskaya, Mahaveer Golechha, Kebebe B. Gonfa, Amir Hossein Goudarzian, Alessandra C. Goulart, Jenny S. Guadamuz, Avirup Guha, Yuming Guo, Rajeev Gupta, Vladimir Hachinski, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Teklehaimanot G. Haile, Randah R. Hamadeh, Samer Hamidi, Graeme J. Hankey, Arief Hargono, Risky K. Hartono, Maryam Hashemian, Abdiwahab Hashi, Shoaib Hassan, Hamid Y. Hassen, Rasmus J. Havmoeller, Simon I. Hay, Khezar Hayat, Golnaz Heidari, Claudiu Herteliu, Ramesh Holla, Mostafa Hosseini, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Mihaela Hostiuc, Sorin Hostiuc, Mowafa Househ, Junjie Huang, Ayesha Humayun, Ivo Iavicoli, Charles U. Ibeneme, Segun E. Ibitoye, Olayinka S. Ilesanmi, Irena M. Ilic, Milena D. Ilic, Usman Iqbal, Seyed Sina N. Irvani, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Rakibul M. Islam, Hiroyasu Iso, Masao Iwagami, Vardhmaan Jain, Tahereh Javaheri, Sathish Kumar Jayapal, Shubha Jayaram, Ranil Jayawardena, Panniyammakal Jeemon, Ravi P. Jha, Jost B. Jonas, Jitendra Jonnagaddala, Farahnaz Joukar, Jacek J. Jozwiak, Mikk Jürisson, Ali Kabir, Tanvir Kahlon, Rizwan Kalani, Rohollah Kalhor, Ashwin Kamath, Ibrahim Kamel, Himal Kandel, Amit Kandel, André Karch, Ayele Semachew Kasa, Patrick D.M.C. Katoto, Gbenga A. Kayode, Yousef S. Khader, Mohammad Khammarnia, Muhammad S. Khan, Md Nuruzzaman Khan, Maseer Khan, Ejaz A. Khan, Khaled Khatab, Gulam M.A. Kibria, Yun Jin Kim, Gyu Ri Kim, Ruth W. Kimokoti, Sezer Kisa, Adnan Kisa, Mika Kivimäki, Dhaval Kolte, Ali Koolivand, Vladimir A. Korshunov, Sindhura Lakshmi Koulmane Laxminarayana, Ai Koyanagi, Kewal Krishan, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Burcu Kucuk Bicer, Vaman Kulkarni, G. Anil Kumar, Nithin Kumar, Om P. Kurmi, Dian Kusuma, Gene F. Kwan, Carlo La Vecchia, Ben Lacey, Tea Lallukka, Qing Lan, Savita Lasrado, Zohra S. Lassi, Paolo Lauriola, Wayne R. Lawrence, Avula Laxmaiah, Kate E. LeGrand, Ming-Chieh Li, Bingyu Li, Shanshan Li, Stephen S. Lim, Lee-Ling Lim, Hualiang Lin, Ziqiang Lin, Ro-Ting Lin, Xuefeng Liu, Alan D. Lopez, Stefan Lorkowski, Paulo A. Lotufo, Alessandra Lugo, Nirmal K. M, Fabiana Madotto, Morteza Mahmoudi, Azeem Majeed, Reza Malekzadeh, Ahmad A. Malik, Abdullah A. Mamun, Navid Manafi, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Lorenzo G. Mantovani, Santi Martini, Manu R. Mathur, Giampiero Mazzaglia, Suresh Mehata, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Toni Meier, Ritesh G. Menezes, Atte Meretoja, Tomislav Mestrovic, Bartosz Miazgowski, Tomasz Miazgowski, Irmina Maria Michalek, Ted R. Miller, Erkin M. Mirrakhimov, Hamed Mirzaei, Babak Moazen, Masoud Moghadaszadeh, Yousef Mohammad, Dara K. Mohammad, Shafiu Mohammed, Mohammed A. Mohammed, Yaser Mokhayeri, Mariam Molokhia, Ahmed A. Montasir, Ghobad Moradi, Rahmatollah Moradzadeh, Paula Moraga, Lidia Morawska, Ilais Moreno Velásquez, Jakub Morze, Sumaira Mubarik, Walter Muruet, Kamarul Imran Musa, Ahamarshan J. Nagarajan, Mahdi Nalini, Vinay Nangia, Atta Abbas Naqvi, Sreenivas Narasimha Swamy, Bruno R. Nascimento, Vinod C. Nayak, Javad Nazari, Milad Nazarzadeh, Ruxandra I. Negoi, Sandhya Neupane Kandel, Huong L.T. Nguyen, Molly R. Nixon, Bo Norrving, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Brice E. Nouthe, Christoph Nowak, Oluwakemi O. Odukoya, Felix A. Ogbo, Andrew T. Olagunju, Hans Orru, Alberto Ortiz, Samuel M. Ostroff, Jagadish Rao Padubidri, Raffaele Palladino, Adrian Pana, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Utsav Parekh, Eun-Cheol Park, Mojtaba Parvizi, Fatemeh Pashazadeh Kan, Urvish K. Patel, Mona Pathak, Rajan Paudel, Veincent Christian F. Pepito, Arokiasamy Perianayagam, Norberto Perico, Hai Q. Pham, Thomas Pilgrim, Michael A. Piradov, Farhad Pishgar, Vivek Podder, Roman V. Polibin, Akram Pourshams, Dimas R.A. Pribadi, Navid Rabiee, Mohammad Rabiee, Amir Radfar, Alireza Rafiei, Fakher Rahim, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Amir Masoud Rahmani, Ivo Rakovac, Pradhum Ram, Sudha Ramalingam, Juwel Rana, Priyanga Ranasinghe, Sowmya J. Rao, Priya Rathi, Lal Rawal, Wasiq F. Rawasia, Reza Rawassizadeh, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Andre M.N. Renzaho, Aziz Rezapour, Seyed Mohammad Riahi, Ross L. Roberts-Thomson, Leonardo Roever, Peter Rohloff, Michele Romoli, Gholamreza Roshandel, Godfrey M. Rwegerera, Seyedmohammad Saadatagah, Maha M. Saber-Ayad, Siamak Sabour, Simona Sacco, Masoumeh Sadeghi, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Saeed Safari, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Sana Salehi, Hamideh Salimzadeh, Mehrnoosh Samaei, Abdallah M. Samy, Itamar S. Santos, Milena M. Santric-Milicevic, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Arash Sarveazad, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Monika Sawhney, Mete Saylan, Maria I. Schmidt, Aletta E. Schutte, Subramanian Senthilkumaran, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Feng Sha, Saeed Shahabi, Izza Shahid, Masood A. Shaikh, Mahdi Shamali, Morteza Shamsizadeh, Md Shajedur Rahman Shawon, Aziz Sheikh, Mika Shigematsu, Min-Jeong Shin, Jae Il Shin, Rahman Shiri, Ivy Shiue, Kerem Shuval, Soraya Siabani, Tariq J. Siddiqi, Diego A.S. Silva, Jasvinder A. Singh, Ambrish Singh Mtech, Valentin Y. Skryabin, Anna A. Skryabina, Amin Soheili, Emma E. Spurlock, Leo Stockfelt, Stefan Stortecky, Saverio Stranges, Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Hooman Tadbiri, Eyayou G. Tadesse, Degena B. Tadesse, Masih Tajdini, Md Tariqujjaman, Berhane F. Teklehaimanot, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Ayenew K. Tesema, Bhaskar Thakur, Kavumpurathu R. Thankappan, Rekha Thapar, Amanda G. Thrift, Binod Timalsina, Marcello Tonelli, Mathilde Touvier, Marcos R. Tovani-Palone, Avnish Tripathi, Jaya P. Tripathy, Thomas C. Truelsen, Guesh M. Tsegay, Gebiyaw W. Tsegaye, Nikolaos Tsilimparis, Biruk S. Tusa, Stefanos Tyrovolas, Krishna Kishore Umapathi, Brigid Unim, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Muhammad S. Usman, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Pascual R. Valdez, Tommi J. Vasankari, Diana Z. Velazquez, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Giang T. Vu, Isidora S. Vujcic, Yasir Waheed, Yanzhong Wang, Fang Wang, Jingkai Wei, Robert G. Weintraub, Abrha H. Weldemariam, Ronny Westerman, Andrea S. Winkler, Charles S. Wiysonge, Charles D.A. Wolfe, Befikadu Legesse Wubishet, Gelin Xu, Ali Yadollahpour, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Lijing L. Yan, Srikanth Yandrapalli, Yuichiro Yano, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Tomas Y. Yeheyis, Yigizie Yeshaw, Christopher S. Yilgwan, Naohiro Yonemoto, Chuanhua Yu, Hasan Yusefzadeh, Geevar Zachariah, Sojib Bin Zaman, Muhammed S. Zaman, Maryam Zamanian, Ramin Zand, Alireza Zandifar, Afshin Zarghi, Mikhail S. Zastrozhin, Anasthasia Zastrozhina, Zhi-Jiang Zhang, Yunquan Zhang, Wangjian Zhang, Chenwen Zhong, Zhiyong Zou, Yves Miel H. Zuniga, Christopher J.L. Murray, Valentin Fuster

Journal of the American College of Cardiology Vol. 76 ( 25 ) page： 2982 - 3021 2020.12

Inherited chromosomally integrated human herpesvirus 6 and autoimmune connective tissue diseases. Reviewed International journal

Yoshiki Kawamura, Takako Hashimoto, Hiroki Miura, Kei Kozawa, Akiko Yoshikawa, Naomi Ikeda, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Hidekata Yasuoka, Tetsushi Yoshikawa

Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology Vol. 132 page： 104656 - 104656 2020.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Entire genome of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) that integrates into human chromosomes is called chromosomally integrated HHV-6 (ciHHV-6). Several viral infections have been suggested to be involved in autoimmune connective tissue diseases (CTDs). Reactivated HHV-6 from the integrated viral genome can induce immune responses against the virus. Thus, it is plausible that ciHHV-6 is associated with autoimmune CTDs. OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine whether the prevalence of ciHHV-6 was significantly higher in patients with autoimmune CTDs than in a healthy population. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 846 peripheral blood samples collected from autoimmune CTD patients were analyzed. Since there was a large number of samples, they were pooled into 24 samples per group. Copy numbers of HHV-6 DNA were measured by real-time PCR. The threshold level for distinguishing between ciHHV-6 and active viral infection and the reliability of pooled DNA analysis were examined as initial validation experiments. RESULTS: The threshold level was 1.6 × 10^6 copy/mL in whole blood. The reliability of pooled DNA analysis to identify one ciHHV-6 sample among 23 HHV-6 DNA-negative samples was high. No HHV-6 DNA was detected in any of the pooled DNA samples collected from the patients. The probability of the present study including the 846 autoimmune CTD patient's samples was statistically not different with a healthy Japanese population which was 0.2 % or 0.6 %. CONCLUSIONS: There was no significant difference in the prevalence of ciHHV-6 between a healthy population and patients with autoimmune CTDs.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104656

Risk and population attributable fraction of metabolic syndrome and impaired fasting glucose for the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among middle-aged Japanese individuals: Aichi Worker's Cohort Study. Reviewed

Positive Association of Physical Activity with Both Objective and Perceived Measures of the Neighborhood Environment among Older Adults: The Aichi Workers' Cohort Study. Reviewed International journal

Yuanying Li, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Tomoya Hanibuchi, Atsuhiko Ota, Hisao Naito, Rei Otsuka, Chiyoe Murata, Yoshihisa Hirakawa, Chifa Chiang, Mayu Uemura, Koji Tamakoshi, Atsuko Aoyama

International journal of environmental research and public health Vol. 17 ( 21 ) page： 1 - 14 2020.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

We examined the association between objective and perceived neighborhood characteristics and self-reported leisure-time physical activity (PA) in older Japanese residents living in areas ranging from metropolitan to rural in 2016. Objective measures used were walkability and the numbers of parks/green spaces and sports facilities within 500 or 1000 m of subjects' homes, calculated using geographic information systems. Subjective measures were the subjects' perceptions of their neighborhoods, assessed using a structured questionnaire. All variables were divided into three groups, and the lowest tertile was used as the reference. We assessed the location and frequency of strolling or brisk walking, moderate-intensity PA, and vigorous-intensity PA (sports) using a self-reported questionnaire and defined as performing a certain type of PA 3-4 times/week as a habit. Living in a neighborhood in the highest tertile for walkability and number of parks/green spaces as well as perception of having good access to recreational facilities, observing others exercising and the presence of walkable sidewalks was associated with walking and sports habits (multivariable odds ratios (ORs): 1.33-2.46, all p < 0.05). Interestingly, objective measures of PA-friendly environmental features were inversely associated with moderate-intensity PA habits, potentially because moderate-intensity PA consisted predominantly of gardening. In conclusion, living in an environment supportive of PA, whether objectively or subjectively measured, is related to leisure-time PA habits among older Japanese adults.

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph17217971

Incorporating kidney disease measures into cardiovascular risk prediction: Development and validation in 9 million adults from 72 datasets. Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

Kunihiro Matsushita, Simerjot K Jassal, Yingying Sang, Shoshana H Ballew, Morgan E Grams, Aditya Surapaneni, Johan Arnlov, Nisha Bansal, Milica Bozic, Hermann Brenner, Nigel J Brunskill, Alex R Chang, Rajkumar Chinnadurai, Massimo Cirillo, Adolfo Correa, Natalie Ebert, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Ron T Gansevoort, Orlando Gutierrez, Farzad Hadaegh, Jiang He, Shih-Jen Hwang, Tazeen H Jafar, Takamasa Kayama, Csaba P Kovesdy, Gijs W Landman, Andrew S Levey, Donald M Lloyd-Jones, Rupert W Major, Katsuyuki Miura, Paul Muntner, Girish N Nadkarni, David Mj Naimark, Christoph Nowak, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Michelle J Pena, Kevan R Polkinghorne, Charumathi Sabanayagam, Toshimi Sairenchi, Markus P Schneider, Varda Shalev, Michael Shlipak, Marit D Solbu, Nikita Stempniewicz, James Tollitt, José M Valdivielso, Joep van der Leeuw, Angela Yee-Moon Wang, Chi-Pang Wen, Mark Woodward, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Luxia Zhang, Elke Schaeffner, Josef Coresh

EClinicalMedicine Vol. 27 page： 100552 - 100552 2020.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) measures (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] and albuminuria) are frequently assessed in clinical practice and improve the prediction of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), yet most major clinical guidelines do not have a standardized approach for incorporating these measures into CVD risk prediction. "CKD Patch" is a validated method to calibrate and improve the predicted risk from established equations according to CKD measures. Methods: Utilizing data from 4,143,535 adults from 35 datasets, we developed several "CKD Patches" incorporating eGFR and albuminuria, to enhance prediction of risk of atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) by the Pooled Cohort Equation (PCE) and CVD mortality by Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE). The risk enhancement by CKD Patch was determined by the deviation between individual CKD measures and the values expected from their traditional CVD risk factors and the hazard ratios for eGFR and albuminuria. We then validated this approach among 4,932,824 adults from 37 independent datasets, comparing the original PCE and SCORE equations (recalibrated in each dataset) to those with addition of CKD Patch. Findings: We confirmed the prediction improvement with the CKD Patch for CVD mortality beyond SCORE and ASCVD beyond PCE in validation datasets (Δc-statistic 0.027 [95% CI 0.018-0.036] and 0.010 [0.007-0.013] and categorical net reclassification improvement 0.080 [0.032-0.127] and 0.056 [0.044-0.067], respectively). The median (IQI) of the ratio of predicted risk for CVD mortality with CKD Patch vs. the original prediction with SCORE was 2.64 (1.89-3.40) in very high-risk CKD (e.g., eGFR 30-44 ml/min/1.73m2 with albuminuria ≥30 mg/g), 1.86 (1.48-2.44) in high-risk CKD (e.g., eGFR 45-59 ml/min/1.73m2 with albuminuria 30-299 mg/g), and 1.37 (1.14-1.69) in moderate risk CKD (e.g., eGFR 60-89 ml/min/1.73m2 with albuminuria 30-299 mg/g), indicating considerable risk underestimation in CKD with SCORE. The corresponding estimates for ASCVD with PCE were 1.55 (1.37-1.81), 1.24 (1.10-1.54), and 1.21 (0.98-1.46). Interpretation: The "CKD Patch" can be used to quantitatively enhance ASCVD and CVD mortality risk prediction equations recommended in major US and European guidelines according to CKD measures, when available. Funding: US National Kidney Foundation and the NIDDK.

DOI： 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100552

Correction: The Smart Life Stay (SLS) program: effects of a lifestyle intervention program in combination with health tourism and health guidance for type 2 diabetes. Reviewed International journal

Madoka Matsushita, Akiko Muramoto, Eri Nomura, Yukari Eguchi, Ayako Kato, Yoshiko Sano, Mai Kabayama, Masashi Arakawa, Yuko Oguma, Daisuke Yabe, Masaaki Matsunaga, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Hiroshi Arima, Kazuyo Tsushita

Nutrition & diabetes Vol. 10 ( 1 ) page： 34 - 34 2020.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Following publication, the authors asked to add the following institution to the affiliations of author Madoka Matsushita: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article have been updated accordingly.

DOI： 10.1038/s41387-020-00137-w

Kayo Kaneko, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Yuanying Li, Mayu Uemura, Chifa Chiang, Yoshihisa Hirakawa, Atsuhiko Ota, Koji Tamakoshi, Atsuko Aoyama

Journal of diabetes investigation Vol. 11 ( 5 ) page： 1163 - 1169 2020.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

AIMS/INTRODUCTION: The Japanese government started a nationwide screening program for metabolic syndrome (MetS) to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes in 2008. Although impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is a strong predictor for type 2 diabetes mellitus, the program does not follow up IFG in non-MetS individuals. This study aimed to examine the risk and the population attributable fraction (PAF) of MetS and IFG for incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Japanese workers (3,417 men and 714 women) aged 40-64 years without a history of diabetes were prospectively followed. MetS was defined as either abdominal obesity plus two or more metabolic risk factors, or being overweight in the case of normal waist circumference plus three or more metabolic risk factors. IFG was defined as fasting blood glucose 100-125 mg/dL. RESULTS: During a mean 6.3 years, 240 type 2 diabetes mellitus cases were identified. Compared with those without MetS and IFG, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of non-MetS individuals with IFG, MetS individuals without IFG and MetS individuals with IFG for type 2 diabetes mellitus were 4.9 (3.4-7.1), 2.4 (1.6-3.5) and 8.3 (5.9-11.5), respectively. The corresponding PAFs for type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence were 15.6, 9.1 and 29.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: IFG represented a higher risk and PAF than MetS for type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence in middle-aged Japanese individuals. The coexistence of MetS and IFG showed the highest risk and PAF for type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence. The current Japanese MetS screening program should be reconsidered to follow up non-MetS individuals with IFG.

DOI： 10.1111/jdi.13230

Milk Intake and Stroke Mortality in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study-A Bayesian Survival Analysis. Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

Chaochen Wang, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Yingsong Lin, Tae Sasakabe, Sayo Kawai, Shogo Kikuchi, Hiroyasu Iso, Akiko Tamakoshi

Nutrients Vol. 12 ( 9 ) 2020.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The aim of this study was to further examine the relationship between milk intake and stroke mortality among the Japanese population. We used data from the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study (total number of participants = 110,585, age range: 40-79) to estimate the posterior acceleration factors (AF) as well as the hazard ratios (HR) comparing individuals with different milk intake frequencies against those who never consumed milk at the study baseline. These estimations were computed through a series of Bayesian survival models that employed a Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation process. In total, 100,000 posterior samples were generated separately through four independent chains after model convergency was confirmed. Posterior probabilites that daily milk consumers had lower hazard or delayed mortality from strokes compared to non-consumers was 99.0% and 78.0% for men and women, respectively. Accordingly, the estimated posterior means of AF and HR for daily milk consumers were 0.88 (95% Credible Interval, CrI: 0.81, 0.96) and 0.80 (95% CrI: 0.69, 0.93) for men and 0.97 (95% CrI: 0.88, 1.10) and 0.95 (95% CrI: 0.80, 1.17) for women. In conclusion, data from the JACC study provided strong evidence that daily milk intake among Japanese men was associated with delayed and lower risk of mortality from stroke especially cerebral infarction.

DOI： 10.3390/nu12092743

Mapping geographical inequalities in access to drinking water and sanitation facilities in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000-17 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

Deshpande Aniruddha, Miller-Petrie Molly K., Lindstedt Paulina A., Baumann Mathew M., Johnson Kimberly B., Blacker Brigette F., Abbastabar Hedayat, Abd-Allah Foad, Abdelalim Ahmed, Abdollahpour Ibrahim, Abegaz Kedir Hussein, Abejie Ayenew Negesse, Abreu Lucas Guimaraes, Abrigo Michael R. M., Abualhasan Ahmed, Accrombessi Manfred Mario Kokou, Adamu Abdu A., Adebayo Oladimeji M., Adedeji Isaac Akinkunmi, Adedoyin Rufus Adesoji, Adekanmbi Victor, Adetokunboh Olatunji O., Adhikari Tara Ballav, Afarideh Mohsen, Agudelo-Botero Marcela, Ahmadi Mehdi, Ahmadi Keivan, Ahmed Muktar Beshir, Ahmed Anwar E., Akalu Temesgen Yihunie, Akanda Ali S., Alahdab Fares, Al-Aly Ziyad, Alam Samiah, Alam Noore, Alamene Genet Melak, Alanzi Turki M., Albright James, Albujeer Ammar, Alcalde-Rabanal Jacqueline Elizabeth, Alebel Animut, Alemu Zewdie Aderaw, Ali Muhammad, Alijanzadeh Mehran, Alipour Vahid, Aljunid Syed Mohamed, Almasi Ali, Almasi-Hashiani Amir, Al-Mekhlafi Hesham M., Altirkawi Khalid A., Alvis-Guzman Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk Nelson J., Amini Saeed, Amit Arianna Maever L., Amul Gianna Gayle Herrera, Andrei Catalina Liliana, Anjomshoa Mina, Ansariadi Ansariadi, Antonio Carl Abelardo T., Antony Benny, Antriyandarti Ernoiz, Arabloo Jalal, Aref Hany Mohamed Amin, Aremu Olatunde, Armoon Bahram, Arora Amit, Aryal Krishna K., Arzani Afsaneh, Asadi-Aliabadi Mehran, Asmelash Daniel, Atalay Hagos Tasew, Athari Seyyede Masoume, Athari Seyyed Shamsadin, Atre Sachin R., Ausloos Marcel, Awasthi Shally, Awoke Nefsu, Quintanilla Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Ayano Getinet, Ayanore Martin Amogre, Aynalem Yared Asmare, Azari Samad, Azman Andrew S., Babaee Ebrahim, Badawi Alaa, Bagherzadeh Mojtaba, Bakkannavar Shankar M., Balakrishnan Senthilkumar, Banach Maciej, Banoub Joseph Adel Mattar, Barac Aleksandra, Barboza Miguel A., Barnighausen Till Winfried, Basu Sanjay, Vo Dinh Bay, Bayati Mohsen, Bedi Neeraj, Beheshti Mahya, Behzadifar Meysam, Behzadifar Masoud, Ramirez Diana Fernanda Bejarano, Bell Michelle L., Bennett Derrick A., Benzian Habib, Berbada Dessalegn Ajema, Bernstein Robert S., Bhat Anusha Ganapati, Bhattacharyya Krittika, Bhaumik Soumyadeep, Bhutta Zulfiqar A., Bijani Ali, Bikbov Boris, Bin Sayeed Muhammad Shahdaat, Biswas Raaj Kishore, Bohlouli Somayeh, Boufous Soufiane, Brady Oliver J., Briko Andrey Nikolaevich, Briko Nikolay Ivanovich, Britton Gabrielle B., Brown Alexandria, Nagaraja Sharath Burugina, Butt Zahid A., Camera Luis Alberto, Campos-Nonato Ismael R., Rincon Julio Cesar Campuzano, Cano Jorge, Car Josip, Cardenas Rosario, Carvalho Felix, Castaneda-Orjuela Carlos A., Castro Franz, Cerin Ester, Chalise Binaya, Chattu Vijay Kumar, Chin Ken Lee, Christopher Devasahayam J., Chu Dinh-Toi, Cormier Natalie Maria, Costa Vera Marisa, Cromwell Elizabeth A., Dadi Abel Fekadu Fekadu, Dahiru Tukur, Dahlawi Saad M. A., Dandona Rakhi, Dandona Lalit, Dang Anh Kim, Daoud Farah, Darwesh Aso Mohammad, Darwish Amira Hamed, Daryani Ahmad, Das Jai K., Das Gupta Rajat, Dash Aditya Prasad, Davila-Cervantes Claudio Alberto, Weaver Nicole Davis, De la Hoz Fernando Pio, De Neve Jan-Walter, Demissie Dereje Bayissa, Demoz Gebre Teklemariam, Denova-Gutierrez Edgar, Deribe Kebede, Desalew Assefa, Dharmaratne Samath Dhamminda, Dhillon Preeti, Dhimal Meghnath, Dhungana Govinda Prasad, Diaz Daniel, Dipeolu Isaac Oluwafemi, Hoa Thi, Dolecek Christiane, Doyle Kerrie E., Dubljanin Eleonora, Duraes Andre Rodrigues, Edinur Hisham Atan, Effiong Andem, Eftekhari Aziz, El Nahas Nevine, Zaki Maysaa El Sayed, El Tantawi Maha, Elhabashy Hala Rashad, El-Jaafary Shaimaa I, El-Khatib Ziad, Elkout Hajer, Elsharkawy Aisha, Enany Shymaa, Endalew Daniel Adane, Eshrati Babak, Eskandarieh Sharareh, Etemadi Arash, Ezekannagha Oluchi, Faraon Emerito Jose A., Fareed Mohammad, Faro Andre, Farzadfar Farshad, Fasil Alebachew Fasil, Fazlzadeh Mehdi, Feigin Valery L., Fekadu Wubalem, Fentahun Netsanet, Fereshtehnejad Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes Eduarda, Filip Irina, Fischer Florian, Flohr Carsten, Foigt Nataliya A., Folayan Morenike Oluwatoyin, Foroutan Masoud, Franklin Richard Charles, Frostad Joseph Jon, Fukumoto Takeshi, Gad Mohamed M., Garcia Gregory M., Gatotoh Augustine Mwangi, Gayesa Reta Tsegaye, Gebremedhin Ketema Bizuwork, Geramo Yilma Chisha Dea, Gesesew Hailay Abrha, Gezae Kebede Embaye, Ghashghaee Ahmad, Sherbaf Farzaneh Ghazi, Gill Tiffany K., Gill Paramjit Singh, Ginindza Themba G., Girmay Alem, Gizaw Zemichael, Goodridge Amador, Gopalani Sameer Vali, Goulart Barbara Niegia Garcia, Goulart Alessandra C., Grada Ayman, Green Manfred S., Gubari Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, Gugnani Harish Chander, Guido Davide, Guimaraes Rafael Alves, Guo Yuming, Gupta Rajeev, Gupta Rahul, Ha Giang Hai, Haagsma Juanita A., Hafezi-Nejad Nima, Haile Dessalegn H., Haile Michael Tamene, Hall Brian J., Hamidi Samer, Handiso Demelash Woldeyohannes, Haririan Hamidreza, Hariyani Ninuk, Hasaballah Ahmed I, Hasan Mehedi, Hasanzadeh Amir, Hassen Hamid Yimam, Hayelom Desta Haftu, Hegazy Mohamed I, Heibati Behzad, Heidari Behnam, Hendrie Delia, Henok Andualem, Herteliu Claudiu, Heydarpour Fatemeh, de Hidru Hagos Degefa, Hird Thomas R., Chi Linh Hoang, Hollerich Gillian I, Hoogar Praveen, Hossain Naznin, Hosseinzadeh Mehdi, Househ Mowafa, Hu Guoqing, Humayun Ayesha, Hussain Syed Ather, Hussen Mamusha Aman A., Ibitoye Segun Emmanuel, Ilesanmi Olayinka Stephen, Ilic Milena D., Imani-Nasab Mohammad Hasan, Iqbal Usman, Irvani Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Ivers Rebecca Q., Iwu Chinwe Juliana, Jahanmehr Nader, Jakovljevic Mihajlo, Jalali Amir, Jayatilleke Achala Upendra, Jenabi Ensiyeh, Jha Ravi Prakash, Jha Vivekanand, Ji John S., Jonas Jost B., Jozwiak Jacek Jerzy, Kabir Ali, Kabir Zubair, Kanchan Tanuj, Karch Andre, Karki Surendra, Kasaeian Amir, Kasahun Gebremicheal Gebreslassie, Kasaye Habtamu Kebebe, Kassa Gebrehiwot G., Kassa Getachew Mullu, Kayode Gbenga A., Kebede Mihiretu M., Keiyoro Peter Njenga, Ketema Daniel Bekele, Khader Yousef Saleh, Khafaie Morteza Abdullatif, Khalid Nauman, Khalilov Rovshan, Khan Ejaz Ahmad, Khan Junaid, Khan Nuruzzaman, Khatab Khaled, Khater Mona M., Khater Amir M., Khayamzadeh Maryam, Khazaei Mohammad, Khosravi Mohammad Hossein, Khubchandani Jagdish, Kiadaliri Ali, Kim Yun Jin, Kimokoti Ruth W., Kisa Sezer, Kisa Adnan, Kochhar Sonali, Kolola Tufa, Komaki Hamidreza, Kosen Soewarta, Koul Parvaiz A., Koyanagi Ai, Krishan Kewal, Defo Barthelemy Kuate, Kugbey Nuworza, Kumar Pushpendra, Kumar G. Anil, Kumar Manasi, Kusuma Dian, La Vecchia Carlo, Lacey Ben, Lal Aparna, Lal Dharmesh Kumar, Lam Hilton, Lami Faris Hasan, Lansingh Van Charles, Lasrado Savita, Lebedev Georgy, Lee Paul H., LeGrand Kate E., Leili Mostafa, Lenjebo Tsegaye Lolaso, Leshargie Cheru Tesema, Levine Aubrey J., Lewycka Sonia, Li Shanshan, Linn Shai, Liu Shiwei, Lopez Jaifred Christian F., Lopukhov Platon D., Abd El Razek Muhammed Magdy, Prasad D. R. Mahadeshwara, Mahasha Phetole Walter, Mahotra Narayan B., Majeed Azeem, Malekzadeh Reza, Malta Deborah Carvalho, Mamun Abdullah A., Manafi Navid, Mansournia Mohammad Ali, Mapoma Chabila Christopher, Martinez Gabriel, Martini Santi, Martins-Melo Francisco Rogerlandio, Mathur Manu Raj, Mayala Benjamin K., Mazidi Mohsen, McAlinden Colm, Meharie Birhanu Geta, Mehndiratta Man Mohan, Nasab Entezar Mehrabi, Mehta Kala M., Mekonnen Teferi, Mekonnen Tefera Chane, Meles Gebrekiros Gebremichael, Meles Hagazi Gebre, Memiah Peter T. N., Memish Ziad A., Mendoza Walter, Menezes Ritesh G., Mereta Seid Tiku, Meretoja Tuomo J., Mestrovic Tomislav, Metekiya Workua Mekonnen, Miazgowski Bartosz, Miller Ted R., Mini G. K., Mirrakhimov Erkin M., Moazen Babak, Mohajer Bahram, Mohammad Yousef, Mohammad Dara K., Mezerji Naser Mohammad Gholi, Mohammadibakhsh Roghayeh, Mohammed Shafiu, Mohammed Jemal Abdu, Mohammed Hassen, Mohebi Farnam, Mokdad Ali H., Moodley Yoshan, Moradi Masoud, Moradi Ghobad, Moradi-Joo Mohammad, Moraga Paula, Morales Linda, Mosapour Abbas, Mosser Jonathan F., Mouodi Simin, Mousavi Seyyed Meysam, Mozaffor Miliva, Munro Sandra B., Muriithi Moses K., Murray Christopher J. L., Musa Kamarul Imran, Mustafa Ghulam, Muthupandian Saravanan, Naderi Mehdi, Nagarajan Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naghavi Mohsen, Naik Gurudatta, Nangia Vinay, Nascimento Bruno Ramos, Nazari Javad, Ndwandwe Duduzile Edith, Negoi Ionut, Netsere Henok Biresaw, Ngunjiri Josephine W., Cuong Tat Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, Nguyen QuynhAnh P., Nigatu Solomon Gedlu, Ningrum Dina Nur Anggraini, Nnaji Chukwudi A., Nojomi Marzieh, Norheim Ole F., Noubiap Jean Jacques, Oancea Bogdan, Ogbo Felix Akpojene, Oh In-Hwan, Olagunju Andrew T., Olusanya Jacob Olusegun, Olusanya Bolajoko Olubukunola, Onwujekwe Obinna E., Ortega-Altamirano Doris V, Osarenotor Osayomwanbo, Osei Frank B., Owolabi Mayowa O., Mahesh P. A., Padubidri Jagadish Rao, Pakhale Smita, Pana Adrian, Park Eun-Kee, Patel Sangram Kishor, Pathak Ashish, Patle Ajay, Paulos Kebreab, Pepito Veincent Christian Filipino, Perico Norberto, Pervaiz Aslam, Pescarini Julia Moreira, Pesudovs Konrad, Pham Hai Quang, Pigott David M., Pilgrim Thomas, Pirsaheb Meghdad, Poljak Mario, Pollock Ian, Postma Maarten J., Pourmalek Farshad, Pourshams Akram, Prada Sergio I, Preotescu Liliana, Quintana Hedley, Rabiee Navid, Rabiee Mohammad, Radfar Amir, Rafiei Alireza, Rahim Fakher, Rahimi Siavash, Rahimi-Movaghar Vafa, Rahman Muhammad Aziz, Rahman Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rajati Fatemeh, Ranabhat Chhabi Lal, Rao Puja C., Rasella Davide, Rath Goura Kishor, Rawaf Salman, Rawal Lal, Rawasia Wasiq Faraz, Remuzzi Giuseppe, Renjith Vishnu, Renzaho Andre M. N., Resnikoff Serge, Riahi Seyed Mohammad, Ribeiro Ana Isabel, Rickard Jennifer, Roever Leonardo, Ronfani Luca, Rubagotti Enrico, Rubino Salvatore, Saad Anas M., Sabour Siamak, Sadeghi Ehsan, Moghaddam Sahar Saeedi, Safari Yahya, Sagar Rajesh, Sahraian Mohammad Ali, Sajadi S. Mohammad, Salahshoor Mohammad Reza, Salam Nasir, Saleem Ahsan, Salem Hosni, Salem Marwa Rashad, Salimi Yahya, Salimzadeh Hamideh, Samy Abdallah M., Sanabria Juan, Santos Itamar S., Santric-Milicevic Milena M., Sao Jose Bruno Piassi, Saraswathy Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, Sarrafzadegan Nizal, Sartorius Benn, Sathian Brijesh, Sathish Thirunavukkarasu, Satpathy Maheswar, Sawhney Monika, Sayyah Mehdi, Sbarra Alyssa N., Schaeffer Lauren E., Schwebel David C., Senbeta Anbissa Muleta, Senthilkumaran Subramanian, Sepanlou Sadaf G., Servan-Mori Edson, Shafieesabet Azadeh, Shaheen Amira A., Shahid Izza, Shaikh Masood Ali, Shalash Ali S., Shams-Beyranvand Mehran, Shamsi MohammadBagher, Shamsizadeh Morteza, Shannawaz Mohammed, Sharafi Kiomars, Sharma Rajesh, Sheikh Aziz, Shetty B. Suresh Kumar, Shiferaw Wondimeneh Shibabaw, Shigematsu Mika, Shin Jae Il, Shiri Rahman, Shirkoohi Reza, Shivakumar K. M., Si Si, Siabani Soraya, Siddiqi Tariq Jamal, Silva Diego Augusto Santos, Singh Virendra, Singh Narinder Pal, Singh Balbir Bagicha Singh, Singh Jasvinder A., Singh Ambrish, Sinha Dhirendra Narain, Sisay Malede Mequanent, Skiadaresi Eirini, Smith David L., Filho Adauto Martins Soares, Sobhiyeh Mohammad Reza, Sokhan Anton, Soriano Joan B., Sorrie Muluken Bekele, Soyiri Ireneous N., Spurlock Emma Elizabeth, Sreeramareddy Chandrashekhar T., Sudaryanto Agus, Sufiyan Mu'awiyyah Babale, Suleria Hafiz Ansar Rasul, Sykes Bryan L., Tabares-Seisdedos Rafael, Tabuchi Takahiro, Tadesse Degena Bahrey, Tarigan Ingan Ukur, Taye Bineyam, Tefera Yonatal Mesfin, Tehrani-Banihashemi Arash, Tekelemedhin Shishay Wahdey, Tekle Merhawi Gebremedhin, Temsah Mohamad-Hani, Tesfay Berhe Etsay, Tesfay Fisaha Haile, Tessema Zemenu Tadesse, Thankappan Kavumpurathu Raman, ThekkePurakkal Akhil Soman, Thomas Nihal, Thompson Robert L., Thomson Alan J., Topor-Madry Roman, Tovani-Palone Marcos Roberto, Traini Eugenio, Bach Xuan Tran, Khanh Bao Tran, Ullah Irfan, Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran, Usman Muhammad Shariq, Uthman Olalekan A., Uzochukwu Benjamin S. Chudi, Valdez Pascual R., Varughese Santosh, Veisani Yousef, Violante Francesco S., Vollmer Sebastian, Whawariat Feleke Gebremeskel, Waheed Yasir, Wallin Mitchell Taylor, Wang Yuan-Pang, Wang Yafeng, Wangdi Kinley, Weiss Daniel J., Weldesamuel Girmay Teklay, Werkneh Adhena Ayaliew, Westerman Ronny, Wiangkham Taweewat, Wiens Kirsten E., Wijeratne Tissa, Wiysonge Charles Shey, Wolde Haileab Fekadu, Wondafrash Dawit Zewdu, Wonde Tewodros Eshete, Worku Getasew Taddesse, Yadollahpour Ali, Jabbari Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh, Yamada Tomohide, Yaseri Mehdi, Yatsuya Hiroshi, Yeshaneh Alex, Yilma Mekdes Tigistu, Yip Paul, Yisma Engida, Yonemoto Naohiro, Younis Mustafa Z., Yousof Hebat-Allah Salah A., Yu Chuanhua, Yusefzadeh Hasan, Zadey Siddhesh, Moghadam Telma Zahirian, Zaidi Zoubida, Bin Zaman Sojib, Zamani Mohammad, Zandian Hamed, Zar Heather J., Zerfu Taddese Alemu, Zhang Yunquan, Ziapour Arash, Zodpey Sanjay, Zuniga Yves Miel H., Hay Simon I, Reiner Robert C. Jr.

LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH Vol. 8 ( 9 ) page： E1162 - E1185 2020.9

Mapping geographical inequalities in access to drinking water and sanitation facilities in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000-17 Reviewed International coauthorship

Aniruddha Deshpande, Molly K. Miller-Petrie, Paulina A. Lindstedt, Mathew M. Baumann, Kimberly B. Johnson, Brigette F. Blacker, Hedayat Abbastabar, Foad Abd-Allah, Ahmed Abdelalim, Ibrahim Abdollahpour, Kedir Hussein Abegaz, Ayenew Negesse Abejie, Lucas Guimaraes Abreu, Michael R. M. Abrigo, Ahmed Abualhasan, Manfred Mario Kokou Accrombessi, Abdu A. Adamu, Oladimeji M. Adebayo, Isaac Akinkunmi Adedeji, Rufus Adesoji Adedoyin, Victor Adekanmbi, Olatunji O. Adetokunboh, Tara Ballav Adhikari, Mohsen Afarideh, Marcela Agudelo-Botero, Mehdi Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmadi, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Anwar E. Ahmed, Temesgen Yihunie Akalu, Ali S. Akanda, Fares Alahdab, Ziyad Al-Aly, Samiah Alam, Noore Alam, Genet Melak Alamene, Turki M. Alanzi, James Albright, Ammar Albujeer, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alcalde-Rabanal, Animut Alebel, Zewdie Aderaw Alemu, Muhammad Ali, Mehran Alijanzadeh, Vahid Alipour, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Ali Almasi, Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi, Khalid A. Altirkawi, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Nelson J. Alvis-Zakzuk, Saeed Amini, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Gianna Gayle Herrera Amul, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Mina Anjomshoa, Ansariadi Ansariadi, Carl Abelardo T. Antonio, Benny Antony, Ernoiz Antriyandarti, Jalal Arabloo, Hany Mohamed Amin Aref, Olatunde Aremu, Bahram Armoon, Amit Arora, Krishna K. Aryal, Afsaneh Arzani, Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi, Daniel Asmelash, Hagos Tasew Atalay, Seyyede Masoume Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Sachin R. Atre, Marcel Ausloos, Shally Awasthi, Nefsu Awoke, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Getinet Ayano, Martin Amogre Ayanore, Yared Asmare Aynalem, Samad Azari, Andrew S. Azman, Ebrahim Babaee, Alaa Badawi, Mojtaba Bagherzadeh, Shankar M. Bakkannavar, Senthilkumar Balakrishnan, Maciej Banach, Joseph Adel Mattar Banoub, Aleksandra Barac, Miguel A. Barboza, Till Winfried Barnighausen, Sanjay Basu, Vo Dinh Bay, Mohsen Bayati, Neeraj Bedi, Mahya Beheshti, Meysam Behzadifar, Masoud Behzadifar, Diana Fernanda Bejarano Ramirez, Michelle L. Bell, Derrick A. Bennett, Habib Benzian, Dessalegn Ajema Berbada, Robert S. Bernstein, Anusha Ganapati Bhat, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Soumyadeep Bhaumik, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Ali Bijani, Boris Bikbov, Muhammad Shahdaat Bin Sayeed, Raaj Kishore Biswas, Somayeh Bohlouli, Soufiane Boufous, Oliver J. Brady, Andrey Nikolaevich Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Briko, Gabrielle B. Britton, Alexandria Brown, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Zahid A. Butt, Luis Alberto Camera, Ismael R. Campos-Nonato, Julio Cesar Campuzano Rincon, Jorge Cano, Josip Car, Rosario Cardenas, Felix Carvalho, Carlos A. Castaneda-Orjuela, Franz Castro, Ester Cerin, Binaya Chalise, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Ken Lee Chin, Devasahayam J. Christopher, Dinh-Toi Chu, Natalie Maria Cormier, Vera Marisa Costa, Elizabeth A. Cromwell, Abel Fekadu Fekadu Dadi, Tukur Dahiru, Saad M. A. Dahlawi, Rakhi Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Anh Kim Dang, Farah Daoud, Aso Mohammad Darwesh, Amira Hamed Darwish, Ahmad Daryani, Jai K. Das, Rajat Das Gupta, Aditya Prasad Dash, Claudio Alberto Davila-Cervantes, Nicole Davis Weaver, Fernando Pio De la Hoz, Jan-Walter De Neve, Dereje Bayissa Demissie, Gebre Teklemariam Demoz, Edgar Denova-Gutierrez, Kebede Deribe, Assefa Desalew, Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne, Preeti Dhillon, Meghnath Dhimal, Govinda Prasad Dhungana, Daniel Diaz, Isaac Oluwafemi Dipeolu, Hoa Thi, Christiane Dolecek, Kerrie E. Doyle, Eleonora Dubljanin, Andre Rodrigues Duraes, Hisham Atan Edinur, Andem Effiong, Aziz Eftekhari, Nevine El Nahas, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Maha El Tantawi, Hala Rashad Elhabashy, Shaimaa El-Jaafary, Ziad El-Khatib, Hajer Elkout, Aisha Elsharkawy, Shymaa Enany, Daniel Adane Endalew, Babak Eshrati, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Arash Etemadi, Oluchi Ezekannagha, Emerito Jose A. Faraon, Mohammad Fareed, Andre Faro, Farshad Farzadfar, Alebachew Fasil Fasil, Mehdi Fazlzadeh, Valery L. Feigin, Wubalem Fekadu, Netsanet Fentahun, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Eduarda Fernandes, Irina Filip, Florian Fischer, Carsten Flohr, Nataliya A. Foigt, Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Masoud Foroutan, Richard Charles Franklin, Joseph Jon Frostad, Takeshi Fukumoto, Mohamed M. Gad, Gregory M. Garcia, Augustine Mwangi Gatotoh, Reta Tsegaye Gayesa, Ketema Bizuwork Gebremedhin, Yilma Chisha Dea Geramo, Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Kebede Embaye Gezae, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Farzaneh Ghazi Sherbaf, Tiffany K. Gill, Paramjit Singh Gill, Themba G. Ginindza, Alem Girmay, Zemichael Gizaw, Amador Goodridge, Sameer Vali Gopalani, Barbara Niegia Garcia Goulart, Alessandra C. Goulart, Ayman Grada, Manfred S. Green, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari, Harish Chander Gugnani, Davide Guido, Rafael Alves Guimaraes, Yuming Guo, Rajeev Gupta, Rahul Gupta, Giang Hai Ha, Juanita A. Haagsma, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Dessalegn H. Haile, Michael Tamene Haile, Brian J. Hall, Samer Hamidi, Demelash Woldeyohannes Handiso, Hamidreza Haririan, Ninuk Hariyani, Ahmed Hasaballah, Mehedi Hasan, Amir Hasanzadeh, Hamid Yimam Hassen, Desta Haftu Hayelom, Mohamed Hegazy, Behzad Heibati, Behnam Heidari, Delia Hendrie, Andualem Henok, Claudiu Herteliu, Fatemeh Heydarpour, Hagos Degefa de Hidru, Thomas R. Hird, Chi Linh Hoang, Gillian Hollerich, Praveen Hoogar, Naznin Hossain, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Mowafa Househ, Guoqing Hu, Ayesha Humayun, Syed Ather Hussain, Mamusha Aman A. Hussen, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Milena D. Ilic, Mohammad Hasan Imani-Nasab, Usman Iqbal, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Rebecca Q. Ivers, Chinwe Juliana Iwu, Nader Jahanmehr, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Amir Jalali, Achala Upendra Jayatilleke, Ensiyeh Jenabi, Ravi Prakash Jha, Vivekanand Jha, John S. Ji, Jost B. Jonas, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Ali Kabir, Zubair Kabir, Tanuj Kanchan, Andre Karch, Surendra Karki, Amir Kasaeian, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie Kasahun, Habtamu Kebebe Kasaye, Gebrehiwot G. Kassa, Getachew Mullu Kassa, Gbenga A. Kayode, Mihiretu M. Kebede, Peter Njenga Keiyoro, Daniel Bekele Ketema, Yousef Saleh Khader, Morteza Abdullatif Khafaie, Nauman Khalid, Rovshan Khalilov, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Junaid Khan, Nuruzzaman Khan, Khaled Khatab, Mona M. Khater, Amir M. Khater, Maryam Khayamzadeh, Mohammad Khazaei, Mohammad Hossein Khosravi, Jagdish Khubchandani, Ali Kiadaliri, Yun Jin Kim, Ruth W. Kimokoti, Sezer Kisa, Adnan Kisa, Sonali Kochhar, Tufa Kolola, Hamidreza Komaki, Soewarta Kosen, Parvaiz A. Koul, Ai Koyanagi, Kewal Krishan, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Nuworza Kugbey, Pushpendra Kumar, G. Anil Kumar, Manasi Kumar, Dian Kusuma, Carlo La Vecchia, Ben Lacey, Aparna Lal, Dharmesh Kumar Lal, Hilton Lam, Faris Hasan Lami, Van Charles Lansingh, Savita Lasrado, Georgy Lebedev, Paul H. Lee, Kate E. LeGrand, Mostafa Leili, Tsegaye Lolaso Lenjebo, Cheru Tesema Leshargie, Aubrey J. Levine, Sonia Lewycka, Shanshan Li, Shai Linn, Shiwei Liu, Jaifred Christian F. Lopez, Platon D. Lopukhov, Muhammed Magdy Abd El Razek, D. R. Mahadeshwara Prasad, Phetole Walter Mahasha, Narayan B. Mahotra, Azeem Majeed, Reza Malekzadeh, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Abdullah A. Mamun, Navid Manafi, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Chabila Christopher Mapoma, Gabriel Martinez, Santi Martini, Francisco Rogerlandio Martins-Melo, Manu Raj Mathur, Benjamin K. Mayala, Mohsen Mazidi, Colm McAlinden, Birhanu Geta Meharie, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Entezar Mehrabi Nasab, Kala M. Mehta, Teferi Mekonnen, Tefera Chane Mekonnen, Gebrekiros Gebremichael Meles, Hagazi Gebre Meles, Peter T. N. Memiah, Ziad A. Memish, Walter Mendoza, Ritesh G. Menezes, Seid Tiku Mereta, Tuomo J. Meretoja, Tomislav Mestrovic, Workua Mekonnen Metekiya, Bartosz Miazgowski, Ted R. Miller, G. K. Mini, Erkin M. Mirrakhimov, Babak Moazen, Bahram Mohajer, Yousef Mohammad, Dara K. Mohammad, Naser Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Roghayeh Mohammadibakhsh, Shafiu Mohammed, Jemal Abdu Mohammed, Hassen Mohammed, Farnam Mohebi, Ali H. Mokdad, Yoshan Moodley, Masoud Moradi, Ghobad Moradi, Mohammad Moradi-Joo, Paula Moraga, Linda Morales, Abbas Mosapour, Jonathan F. Mosser, Simin Mouodi, Seyyed Meysam Mousavi, Miliva Mozaffor, Sandra B. Munro, Moses K. Muriithi, Christopher J. L. Murray, Kamarul Imran Musa, Ghulam Mustafa, Saravanan Muthupandian, Mehdi Naderi, Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan, Mohsen Naghavi, Gurudatta Naik, Vinay Nangia, Bruno Ramos Nascimento, Javad Nazari, Duduzile Edith Ndwandwe, Ionut Negoi, Henok Biresaw Netsere, Josephine W. Ngunjiri, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, QuynhAnh P. Nguyen, Solomon Gedlu Nigatu, Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum, Chukwudi A. Nnaji, Marzieh Nojomi, Ole F. Norheim, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Bogdan Oancea, Felix Akpojene Ogbo, In-Hwan Oh, Andrew T. Olagunju, Jacob Olusegun Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola Olusanya, Obinna E. Onwujekwe, Doris Ortega-Altamirano, Osayomwanbo Osarenotor, Frank B. Osei, Mayowa O. Owolabi, P. A. Mahesh, Jagadish Rao Padubidri, Smita Pakhale, Adrian Pana, Eun-Kee Park, Sangram Kishor Patel, Ashish Pathak, Ajay Patle, Kebreab Paulos, Veincent Christian Filipino Pepito, Norberto Perico, Aslam Pervaiz, Julia Moreira Pescarini, Konrad Pesudovs, Hai Quang Pham, David M. Pigott, Thomas Pilgrim, Meghdad Pirsaheb, Mario Poljak, Ian Pollock, Maarten J. Postma, Farshad Pourmalek, Akram Pourshams, Sergio Prada, Liliana Preotescu, Hedley Quintana, Navid Rabiee, Mohammad Rabiee, Amir Radfar, Alireza Rafiei, Fakher Rahim, Siavash Rahimi, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman, Fatemeh Rajati, Chhabi Lal Ranabhat, Puja C. Rao, Davide Rasella, Goura Kishor Rath, Salman Rawaf, Lal Rawal, Wasiq Faraz Rawasia, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Vishnu Renjith, Andre M. N. Renzaho, Serge Resnikoff, Seyed Mohammad Riahi, Ana Isabel Ribeiro, Jennifer Rickard, Leonardo Roever, Luca Ronfani, Enrico Rubagotti, Salvatore Rubino, Anas M. Saad, Siamak Sabour, Ehsan Sadeghi, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Yahya Safari, Rajesh Sagar, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, S. Mohammad Sajadi, Mohammad Reza Salahshoor, Nasir Salam, Ahsan Saleem, Hosni Salem, Marwa Rashad Salem, Yahya Salimi, Hamideh Salimzadeh, Abdallah M. Samy, Juan Sanabria, Itamar S. Santos, Milena M. Santric-Milicevic, Bruno Piassi Sao Jose, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer Saraswathy, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Benn Sartorius, Brijesh Sathian, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Maheswar Satpathy, Monika Sawhney, Mehdi Sayyah, Alyssa N. Sbarra, Lauren E. Schaeffer, David C. Schwebel, Anbissa Muleta Senbeta, Subramanian Senthilkumaran, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Edson Servan-Mori, Azadeh Shafieesabet, Amira A. Shaheen, Izza Shahid, Masood Ali Shaikh, Ali S. Shalash, Mehran Shams-Beyranvand, MohammadBagher Shamsi, Morteza Shamsizadeh, Mohammed Shannawaz, Kiomars Sharafi, Rajesh Sharma, Aziz Sheikh, B. Suresh Kumar Shetty, Wondimeneh Shibabaw Shiferaw, Mika Shigematsu, Jae Il Shin, Rahman Shiri, Reza Shirkoohi, K. M. Shivakumar, Si Si, Soraya Siabani, Tariq Jamal Siddiqi, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Virendra Singh, Narinder Pal Singh, Balbir Bagicha Singh Singh, Jasvinder A. Singh, Ambrish Singh, Dhirendra Narain Sinha, Malede Mequanent Sisay, Eirini Skiadaresi, David L. Smith, Adauto Martins Soares Filho, Mohammad Reza Sobhiyeh, Anton Sokhan, Joan B. Soriano, Muluken Bekele Sorrie, Ireneous N. Soyiri, Emma Elizabeth Spurlock, Chandrashekhar T. Sreeramareddy, Agus Sudaryanto, Mu'awiyyah Babale Sufiyan, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Bryan L. Sykes, Rafael Tabares-Seisdedos, Takahiro Tabuchi, Degena Bahrey Tadesse, Ingan Ukur Tarigan, Bineyam Taye, Yonatal Mesfin Tefera, Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi, Shishay Wahdey Tekelemedhin, Merhawi Gebremedhin Tekle, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Berhe Etsay Tesfay, Fisaha Haile Tesfay, Zemenu Tadesse Tessema, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Akhil Soman ThekkePurakkal, Nihal Thomas, Robert L. Thompson, Alan J. Thomson, Roman Topor-Madry, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Eugenio Traini, Bach Xuan Tran, Khanh Bao Tran, Irfan Ullah, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Muhammad Shariq Usman, Olalekan A. Uthman, Benjamin S. Chudi Uzochukwu, Pascual R. Valdez, Santosh Varughese, Yousef Veisani, Francesco S. Violante, Sebastian Vollmer, Feleke Gebremeskel Whawariat, Yasir Waheed, Mitchell Taylor Wallin, Yuan-Pang Wang, Yafeng Wang, Kinley Wangdi, Daniel J. Weiss, Girmay Teklay Weldesamuel, Adhena Ayaliew Werkneh, Ronny Westerman, Taweewat Wiangkham, Kirsten E. Wiens, Tissa Wijeratne, Charles Shey Wiysonge, Haileab Fekadu Wolde, Dawit Zewdu Wondafrash, Tewodros Eshete Wonde, Getasew Taddesse Worku, Ali Yadollahpour, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Tomohide Yamada, Mehdi Yaseri, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Alex Yeshaneh, Mekdes Tigistu Yilma, Paul Yip, Engida Yisma, Naohiro Yonemoto, Mustafa Z. Younis, Hebat-Allah Salah A. Yousof, Chuanhua Yu, Hasan Yusefzadeh, Siddhesh Zadey, Telma Zahirian Moghadam, Zoubida Zaidi, Sojib Bin Zaman, Mohammad Zamani, Hamed Zandian, Heather J. Zar, Taddese Alemu Zerfu, Yunquan Zhang, Arash Ziapour, Sanjay Zodpey, Yves Miel H. Zuniga, Simon Hay, Robert C. Reiner

LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH Vol. 8 ( 9 ) page： E1162 - E1185 2020.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：ELSEVIER SCI LTD

Background Universal access to safe drinking water and sanitation facilities is an essential human right, recognised in the Sustainable Development Goals as crucial for preventing disease and improving human wellbeing. Comprehensive, high-resolution estimates are important to inform progress towards achieving this goal. We aimed to produce high-resolution geospatial estimates of access to drinking water and sanitation facilities.Methods We used a Bayesian geostatistical model and data from 600 sources across more than 88 low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) to estimate access to drinking water and sanitation facilities on continuous continent-wide surfaces from 2000 to 2017, and aggregated results to policy-relevant administrative units. We estimated mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive subcategories of facilities for drinking water (piped water on or off premises, other improved facilities, unimproved, and surface water) and sanitation facilities (septic or sewer sanitation, other improved, unimproved, and open defecation) with use of ordinal regression. We also estimated the number of diarrhoeal deaths in children younger than 5 years attributed to unsafe facilities and estimated deaths that were averted by increased access to safe facilities in 2017, and analysed geographical inequality in access within LMICs.Findings Across LMICs, access to both piped water and improved water overall increased between 2000 and 2017, with progress varying spatially. For piped water, the safest water facility type, access increased from 40.0% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 39.4-40.7) to 50.3% (50.0-50.5), but was lowest in sub-Saharan Africa, where access to piped water was mostly concentrated in urban centres. Access to both sewer or septic sanitation and improved sanitation overall also increased across all LMICs during the study period. For sewer or septic sanitation, access was 46.3% (95% UI 46.1-46.5) in 2017, compared with 28.7% (28.5-29.0) in 2000. Although some units improved access to the safest drinking water or sanitation facilities since 2000, a large absolute number of people continued to not have access in several units with high access to such facilities (>80%) in 2017. More than 253 000 people did not have access to sewer or septic sanitation facilities in the city of Harare, Zimbabwe, despite 88.6% (95% UI 87.2-89.7) access overall. Many units were able to transition from the least safe facilities in 2000 to safe facilities by 2017; for units in which populations primarily practised open defecation in 2000, 686 (95% UI 664-711) of the 1830 (1797-1863) units transitioned to the use of improved sanitation. Geographical disparities in access to improved water across units decreased in 76.1% (95% UI 71.6-80.7) of countries from 2000 to 2017, and in 53.9% (50.6-59.6) of countries for access to improved sanitation, but remained evident subnationally in most countries in 2017.Interpretation Our estimates, combined with geospatial trends in diarrhoeal burden, identify where efforts to increase access to safe drinking water and sanitation facilities are most needed. By highlighting areas with successful approaches or in need of targeted interventions, our estimates can enable precision public health to effectively progress towards universal access to safe water and sanitation. Copyright (C) 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Risk Factors of Infectious Complications After Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Biopsy. Reviewed International journal

Tomohide Souma, Tomoyuki Minezawa, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Takuya Okamura, Kumiko Yamatsuta, Sayako Morikawa, Tomoya Horiguchi, Shingo Maeda, Yasuhiro Goto, Masamichi Hayashi, Sumito Isogai, Naoki Yamamoto, Masashi Kondo, Kazuyoshi Imaizumi

Chest Vol. 158 ( 2 ) page： 797 - 807 2020.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Infectious complications after endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial biopsy with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS-TBB) are serious in that they may delay or change scheduled subsequent therapy. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for infection after EBUS-GS-TBB. RESEARCH QUESTION: What are the risk factors for infection after EBUS-GS-TBB? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1,045 consecutive patients who had undergone EBUS-GS-TBB for peripheral lung lesions between January 2013 and December 2017 at Fujita Health University Hospital. We evaluated the following risk factors for infectious complications after EBUS-GS-TBB: relevant patient characteristics (age and comorbidities), lesion size, CT scan features of target lesion (intratumoral low-density areas [LDAs] and cavitation), stenosis of responsible bronchus observed by bronchoscopy, and laboratory data before EBUS-GS-TBB (WBC count and C-reactive protein concentration). RESULTS: Forty-seven of the study patients developed infectious complications (24 with pneumonia, 14 with intratumoral infection, three with lung abscess, three with pleuritis, and three with empyema), among whom the complication caused a delay in cancer treatment in 13 patients, cancellation of cancer treatment in seven patients, and death in three patients. Multivariate analysis showed that cavitation (P = .007), intratumoral LDAs (P < .001), and stenosis of responsible bronchus observed by bronchoscopy (P < .001) were significantly associated with infectious complications after EBUS-GS-TBB. Prophylactic antibiotics had been administered to 13 patients in the infection group. Propensity matched analysis could not show significant benefit of prophylactic antibiotics in preventing post-EBUS-GS-TBB infections. INTERPRETATION: Cavitation, LDAs for CT scan features of target lesions, and stenosis of responsible bronchus observed by bronchoscopy are risk factors of post-EBUS-GS-TBB infection. In the cohort, prophylactic antibiotics failed to prevent infectious complications.

DOI： 10.1016/j.chest.2020.02.025