研究者詳細 - 大平　英樹

論文 - 大平　英樹

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Human Visual System Automatically Encodes Sequential Regularities of Discrete Events 査読有り

Kimura M, Schröger E, Czigler I, Ohira H.

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience in press. 巻 2009年7月

Neural bases of behavior selection without an objective correct answer 査読有り

Takashi Nakao, Takahiro Osumi, Hideki Ohira, Yukinori Kasuya, Jun Shinoda, Jitsuhiro Yamada

NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS 459 巻 ( 1 ) 頁： 30 - 34 2009年7月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD

Life choice (e.g. occupation choice) often includes situations with two or more possible answers. How does the brain respond to such conflict-ridden situations? We investigated whether the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) evaluates the degree of conflict between possible answers. Additionally, we investigated whether the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) or the medial temporal lobe (MTL) has a function in behavior selection with plural possible answers. We used an occupational choice task (e.g. which occupation do you think you could do better?-dancer or chemist) with two possible answers and a word-length task (e.g. which word is longer?-dentist or comedian) that has a correct answer. The conflicts in each task were manipulated. Results showed that the dACC and the MTL were activated when the conflict during occupational choice was large, and that the MPFC and posterior cingulate cortex were activated more in the occupational choice task than in the word-length task. Our results show that the dACC evaluates the degree of conflict between possible answers, and that the MTL, MPFC, and posterior cingulate cortex have a function in behavior selection without an objective correct answer. It is thought that the MTL functions to reduce conflict when a large-conflict is detected in the dACC. Furthermore, the MPFC and posterior cingulate are thought to have a function of biasing any of the plural answers in behavior selection without an objective answer. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.04.056

Web of Science

Human Visual System Automatically Encodes Sequential Regularities of Discrete Events 査読有り

Kimura M, Schr&ouml, ger E, Czigler I, Ohira H

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience in press. 巻 2009年7月

*Brain and autonomic association accompanying stochastic decision-making 査読有り

Ohira H, Ichikawa N, Nomura M, Isowa T, Kimura K, Kanayama N, Fukuyama S, Shinoda J, Yamada J

Neuroimage 49 巻 ( 1 ) 頁： 1024-1037 2009年7月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

不確実性を含む事態において報酬を追及し罰を回避する意思決定の神経基盤と、身体活動へのトップダウン的調整のメカニズムを検討した。前頭前野と背側線条体のネットワークがこうした意思決定を担うと同時に、心臓迷走神経活動を介して末梢的身体反応をも調整していることを解明した。

主観的幸福感と急性ストレス負荷時の免疫系の活性化との関連

松永昌宏, 金子宏, 坪井宏仁, 山本紘子, 大平英樹, 山川香織, 磯和勅子

心身医学 49 巻 ( 6 ) 頁： 534 - 534 2009年6月

MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX AND COGNITIVE REGULATION

Nakao Takashi, Takezawa Tomohiro, Miyatani Makoto, Ohira Hideki

PSYCHOLOGIA 52 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： 93 - 109 2009年6月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Psychologia

Medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) activation has been observed in studies of many types related to emotion regulation, self and familiar other-knowledge, mentalizing, morality, reward, and uncertainty. Furthermore, the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC), which have reciprocal connections with MPFC, are considered necessary for cognitive regulation. Based on these findings, Nakao, Takezawa, and Miyatani (2006) proposed an integrative explanation for MPFC function: MPFC has a function of representing a benchmark that reduces conflict among many possible answers by biasing either choice of behavior. In this article, we review studies related to MPFC function and the benchmark hypothesis with recent new findings. Additionally, we discuss emotion regulation, which was not described in Nakao et al. (2006), in relation to the benchmark hypothesis.

DOI： 10.2117/psysoc.2009.93

Web of Science

Scopus

CiNii Research

MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX AND COGNITIVE REGULATION 査読有り

Takashi Nakao, Tomohiro Takezawa, Makoto Miyatani, Hideki Ohira

PSYCHOLOGIA 52 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： 93 - 109 2009年6月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：PSYCHOLOGIA SOC

Web of Science

*Regulation of natural killer cell redistribution by prefrontal cortex during stochastic learning. 査読有り

Ohira H, Fukuyama S, Kimura K, Nomura M, Isowa T, Ichikawa N, Matsunaga M, Shinoda J, Yamada J.

Neuroimage 47 巻 ( 3 ) 頁： 897-907 2009年5月

Transient responses of inflammatory cytokines in acute stress. 査読有り

Yamakawa K, Matsunaga M, Isowa T, Kimura K, Kasugai K, Yoneda M, Kaneko H, Ohira H.

Biological Psychology 82 巻頁： 25-32 2009年5月

Transient responses of inflammatory cytokines in acute stress. 査読有り

Yamakawa K, Matsunaga M, Isowa T, Kimura K, Kasugai K, Yoneda M, Kaneko H, Ohira H

Biological Psychology 82 巻頁： 25-32 2009年5月

*Regulation of natural killer cell redistribution by prefrontal cortex during stochastic learning. 査読有り

Ohira H, Fukuyama S, Kimura K, Nomura M, Isowa T, Ichikawa N, Matsunaga M, Shinoda J, Yamada J

Neuroimage 47 巻 ( 3 ) 頁： 897-907 2009年5月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

確率学習課題においてコントロール可能性という心理的要因を精緻に操作し，それに伴う脳・心臓血管系・内分泌系・免疫系の活動を同時計測して，それらの間の機能的関連を検討した．その結果，前頭眼窩野と内側前頭前野の神経ネットワークが，コントロール可能性の評価と末梢身体反応のトップダウン的調整を担っていることが明らかになった．

Influence of attention to somatic information on emotional and autonomic responses 査読有り

Murakami H, Ohira H, Matsunaga M, Kimura K.

Percepteptual and Motor Skills 108 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： 531-539 2009年4月

Molecular analysis of mitochondrial hypervariable region 1 in 394 Japanese individuals

Kato H., Maeno Y., Ohira H., Yamada Y., Nagao M.

Legal Medicine 11 巻 ( SUPPL. 1 ) 2009年4月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Legal Medicine

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a powerful tool for forensic casework when the resource is highly putrefied or very limited. It is important that mtDNA sequence databases continue to be generated and published, to extend mtDNA typing capability to additional populations and to increase the size of existing databases. The aim of this study was to analyze hypervariable region 1 (HV1) of mtDNA and establish a new database of mtDNA in Japanese population. Three hundred and ninety-four unrelated Japanese individuals were investigated. They were classified into 193 haplotypes based on HV1 sequence. Nucleotide substitutions were clustered in several positions and were 79% at 16,223, 50% at 16,362, and 29% at 16,189. Transition accounts for 81% of all the mutations and especially transition from cytosine to thymine (33%) was the most frequent substitution. 16,223-16,362 was observed in 34 individuals, following 16,129-16,223-16,362 in 29 individuals, and haplotype 16,223-16,278-16,362 in 14 individuals. Genetic diversity and random match probability in this population were estimated to 0.987% and 1.95%, respectively. In conclusion, HV1 of mitochondria sequence has a high discrimination power, but in addition to HV1, analysis of other region such as HV2 and HV3 are required in certain cases. © 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.legalmed.2009.01.069

Scopus

INFLUENCE OF ATTENTION TO SOMATIC INFORMATION ON EMOTIONAL AND AUTONOMIC RESPONSES

Murakami Hiroki, Ohira Hideki, Matsunaga Masahiro, Kimura Kenta

PERCEPTUAL AND MOTOR SKILLS 108 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： 531 - 539 2009年4月

INFLUENCE OF ATTENTION TO SOMATIC INFORMATION ON EMOTIONAL AND AUTONOMIC RESPONSES 査読有り

Hiroki Murakami, Hideki Ohira, Masahiro Matsunaga, Kenta Kimura

PERCEPTUAL AND MOTOR SKILLS 108 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： 531 - 539 2009年4月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC

The present study aimed to investigate the dissociable effects of two forms of self-focus on emotional and autonomic responses. One form is Suppression, which includes the suppression of heart rate and self-evaluation of performance. The other is observation, which includes attention to one's own heart rate with no suppression and no evaluation. 26 undergraduate and graduate students from the Nagoya University campus (13 men, 13 women), ages 18 to 24 years (M=20.7, SD=1.6) were recruited. Participants were provided with their own heart rate as feedback for 5 min., during which participants conducted a self-focus manipulation. Several days after the experimental session for one condition, the same participants conducted another experimental session for the other condition. Instruction to suppress enhanced physiological arousal and subsequent negative emotions; however, instruction to observe did not increase physiological arousal or negative emotions.

DOI： 10.2466/PMS.108.2.531-539

Web of Science

Influence of attention to somatic information on emotional and autonomic responses.

Murakami H, Ohira H, Matsunaga M, Kimura K

Perceptual and motor skills 108 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： 531 - 9 2009年4月

Associations among positive mood, brain, and cardiovascular activities in an affectively positive situation

Matsunaga Masahiro, Isowa Tokiko, Kimura Kenta, Miyakoshi Makoto, Kanayama Noriaki, Murakami Hiroki, Fukuyama Seisuke, Shinoda Jun, Yamada Jitsuhiro, Konagaya Toshihiro, Kaneko Hiroshi, Ohira Hideki

BRAIN RESEARCH 1263 巻頁： 93 - 103 2009年3月

Associations among positive mood, brain, and cardiovascular activities in an affectively positive situation

Matsunaga M., Isowa T., Kimura K., Miyakoshi M., Kanayama N., Murakami H., Fukuyama S., Shinoda J., Yamada J., Konagaya T., Kaneko H., Ohira H.

Brain Research 1263 巻頁： 93 - 103 2009年3月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Brain Research

It is hypothesized that experiencing positive emotions such as pleasure leads to a perception of the body being in a positive state. This study demonstrated associations among positive mood, brain, and cardiovascular activities by simultaneously recording these activities when positive emotions were evoked in participants watching films revolving around a love story. Heart rate variability analysis revealed increased parasympathetic nervous activity while watching the film. The following brain regions were significantly activated in the positive condition relative to the control condition: medial prefrontal cortex, thalamus, superior temporal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus, and cerebellum. Further, covariate analyses indicated that these brain regions were temporally associated with subjective positive mood. Activities of brain regions considered to be related to interoceptive awareness, such as the insular cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala, and orbitofrontal cortex, were also temporally associated with the cardiovascular change. These results suggest that while an individual experiences positive emotions, activities of the central nervous system and cardiovascular system may be interrelated, and the brain may perceive the body to be in a positive state. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.01.027

Scopus

Association of serotonin transporter gene polymorphism and emotion regulation.

Murakami H, Matsunaga M, Ohira H

Neuroreport 20 巻 ( 4 ) 頁： 414 - 8 2009年3月

Association of serotonin transporter gene polymorphism and emotion regulation

Murakami H., Matsunaga M., Ohira H.

NeuroReport 20 巻 ( 4 ) 頁： 414 - 418 2009年3月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：NeuroReport

Metacognitive strategies of emotion regulation such as an objective perspective of one's self are known as primary factors in mindfulness intervention. Earlier studies, however, suggest that the effect of mindfulness differs because of the individual variability. In this study, we investigated the influence of the serotonin transporter gene polymorphism during the application of a metacognitive strategy of emotion regulation. Short (S) homozygotes showed more negative emotional states than SL individuals in both metacognition and control conditions. The high frequency of heart rate variability, however, increased in the metacognition condition only in S homozygotes. This result indicated that the metacognitive strategy of emotion regulation is more effective for increasing parasympathetic dominance in S homozygotes than in SL individuals. © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health|Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

DOI： 10.1097/WNR.0b013e328325a910

Scopus

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