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論文 - 中村　英樹

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Analysis on the Variation of Left-turning Vehicle Spatial Trajectories Inside Intersections

ALHAJYASEEN Wael K.M., ASANO Miho, SUZUKI Kazufumi, NAKAMURA Hideki

Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies 9 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 1543 - 1557 2011年

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies

Although several safety countermeasures such as reforming intersection layouts have been implemented, methods to evaluate their effects prior to installation has not yet been established. One of the important safety issues at signalized intersections is the interaction between left-turning vehicles (left-hand traffic) and pedestrians/cyclists. This paper aims to analyze and model the trajectory variations of left-turning vehicles. Vehicle trajectories are collected at several signalized intersections with various traffic and geometric characteristics by video observations. The analysis reveals a significant variation in trajectories depending on intersection angle, number of exit lanes and vehicle type. For modeling individual vehicle trajectories and their distribution, the Euler-spiral-based approximation methodology is applied. Model validation showed that estimated trajectory distributions explain well the spatial maneuver of left-turning vehicles.

DOI： 10.11175/easts.9.1543

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Analysis on the Variation of Left-Turning Vehicle Spatial Trajectories Inside Intersections

Alhajyaseen Wael K. M., Asano Miho, Suzuki Kazufumi, Nakamura Hideki

Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies 2011 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 309 - 309 2011年

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies

DOI： 10.11175/eastpro.2011.0.309.0

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往復分離2車線自専道の速度性能曲線の定式化

内海泰輔, 浜岡秀勝, 中村英樹

土木学会論文集D3（土木計画学） 67 巻 ( 3 ) 頁： 261 - 269 2011年

出版者・発行元：公益社団法人土木学会

2003年の道路構造令の改正により，往復分離2車線横断面が自動車専用道路(自専道)の構造として採用できることとなった．本構造は従来の多車線横断面に比べ建設コストの縮減が見込まれるものの，実現する速度性能は不明確であり，道路交通状況によっては求められる速度サービスが確保できない恐れもある．<br>　本論文では，2車線自専道の性能照査型計画設計を念頭に置き，車両感知器データ等を用いて交通量―速度関係(速度性能曲線)について分析する．まず，大型車混入率や降雨などの速度への影響要因を定量的に明らかにする．そして，それらの結果をもとに速度性能曲線を定式化し，これを用いた性能照査手法を提示する．これにより，速度性能の観点から2車線自専道構造の導入の可否や，更なるコスト縮減の可能性について検討することが可能となる．

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.67.261

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駅前広場におけるキスアンドライド車両の停車特性に関する研究

柿元祐史, 浅野美帆, 中村英樹

土木学会論文集D3（土木計画学） 67 巻 ( 5 ) 頁： 67_I_1079 - 67_I_1087 2011年

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：公益社団法人土木学会

我が国の駅前広場は，タクシーの客待ち行列による混雑やキスアンドライド車両の増加への対応など，円滑性・安全性に関する問題が顕著となっており，駅前空間が最優先すべき交通結節機能がうまく発揮されない状態にある．特にキスアンドライド車両は挙動特性が十分明らかになっておらず，設計時の施設の配置においても車両の停車特性への考慮が不十分である場合が多い．そこで本研究は，駅前広場構造や施設配置などがキスアンドライド車両の停車特性に与える影響を明らかにすることを目的とする．実データの分析に基づいて停車位置選択のモデル化を行い，送迎の目的別に選択影響要因の違いを示した．また，停車位置のシミュレーションを行い，障害物や施設配置による停車位置選択への影響を把握することができた．

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.67.67_i_1079

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追従車密度を考慮した往復2車線道路における付加追越車線の設置水準に関する研究

中村英樹, 小林正人

土木学会論文集D3（土木計画学） 67 巻 ( 3 ) 頁： 270 - 282 2011年

出版者・発行元：公益社団法人土木学会

本論文では，往復2車線道路におけるサービスの質の評価指標として追従車密度を採用し，付加追越車線設置効果を評価する方法の開発を行う．そして，付加追越区間長とその設置間隔に応じて実現するサービスの質を定量的に求め，設計指針としての示唆を与えることを目的とする．交通流実態調査データに基づくシミュレーション実験によって得られた結果をモデル化することによって，付加追越区間長および片側1車線区間長と追従車密度の関係を定式化した．そして，付加追越車線の設置水準として，所要の性能目標を達成するための最短の区間長と最大の設置間隔の組合せを示した．さらにこの考え方を応用して，海外における典型的な2+1車線道路及び日本の2車線道路の付加追越車線の設置基準により実現すると考えられるサービスの質を評価した．

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.67.270

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日本における交通容量・サービスの質に関する研究の概観と展望

大口敬, 中村英樹

土木学会論文集D3（土木計画学） 67 巻 ( 3 ) 頁： 217 - 229 2011年

出版者・発行元：公益社団法人土木学会

日本では，道路交通混雑は早くから大きな社会的・技術的問題となっており，とくに交通渋滞の緩和を目的とした道路の交通容量に関する実証的調査・研究が，実務・研究の双方において取り組まれている．また，性能照査型の道路計画設計を取り入れて行くに際しては，実現する交通運用状態を示すサービスの質を的確に把握することが鍵となる．本稿では，高速道路および一般道における特徴的なボトルネック現象について，これまで得られた知見を整理した上で，近年の日本における交通容量・サービスの質に関わる研究の状況や実務上の技術的な取り扱いを概観するとともに，これらの分野における今後の研究の方向性について展望する．

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.67.217

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性能照査型道路計画設計の導入に向けて

中村英樹, 大口敬

土木学会論文集D3（土木計画学） 67 巻 ( 3 ) 頁： 195 - 202 2011年

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：公益社団法人土木学会

日本の道路交通は，本来その道路に求められるはずのトラフィック機能やアクセス機能に対応した望ましい性能が十分発揮できるようには必ずしも計画・設計されているとはいえず，道路構造や交通運用の上で，多くの改善の余地が残されている．コストを抑え，かつその道路に必要な機能に応じた性能を十分に発揮させるよう，交通の質を改善可能なコスト・パフォーマンスの高い道路として改良を施し，再編していくことが必要である．これらに対処するためには，従来の手法では限界があり，機能に対応した性能を実現するために必要な道路構造と交通運用の組合せを柔軟に採用する，性能照査型道路計画設計手法の導入が必要だと考えられる．本稿では，「性能照査型道路計画設計」の特集にあたって，その考え方の概要と関連する技術的検討課題，ならびに特集号の構成について述べる．

DOI： 10.2208/jscejipm.67.195

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Unsteady Queue Discharge Characteristics of Shared Left-turn Lane at Signalized Intersections in Japan

CHEN Peng, NAKAMURA Hideki, ASANO Miho

Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies 2011 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 300 - 300 2011年

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies

In Japan, where vehicles travel on the left side of the road, the queue discharge rates of shared left-turn lane usually show comparable fluctuation, due to different departure characteristics of through and left-turning vehicles as well as interactions with pedestrians and bicycles. For a better evaluation of signalized intersections and then corridor performance, this study investigates stochastic queue discharge rates starting from shared left-turn lane and empirically explores its implications. Results show that efficient utilization of shared lane by through traffic can significantly improve discharge rate. At lower and higher pedestrian-bicycle volumes, discharge rates are relatively reliable. While at middle levels of pedestrian demands, more random arrivals and interactions lead to rather unstable saturation flow rate fluctuation. For the shared lane with a larger left turning radius, its discharge rates display a stable trend.

DOI： 10.11175/eastpro.2011.0.300.0

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Unsteady Queue Discharge Characteristics of Shared Left-turn Lane at Signalized Intersections in Japan

CHEN Peng, NAKAMURA Hideki, ASANO Miho

Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies 9 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 1499 - 1512 2011年

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies

In Japan, where vehicles travel on the left side of the road, the queue discharge rates of shared left-turn lane usually show comparable fluctuation, due to different departure characteristics of through and left-turning vehicles as well as interactions with pedestrians and bicycles. For a better evaluation of signalized intersections and then corridor performance, this study investigates stochastic queue discharge rates starting from shared left-turn lane and empirically explores its implications. Results show that efficient utilization of shared lane by through traffic can significantly improve discharge rate. At lower and higher pedestrian-bicycle volumes, discharge rates are relatively reliable. While at middle levels of pedestrian demands, more random arrivals and interactions between pedestrians and vehicles lead to rather unstable saturation flow rate fluctuation. For the shared lane with a larger left turning radius, its discharge rates display a stable trend. A comparative analysis between observed saturation flow rates, Highway Capacity Manual (HCM, 2000) and Japanese guideline (JSTE, 2007) estimations indicate both HCM and Japanese guideline usually overestimate the discharge rates in shared left-turn lane in Japan.

DOI： 10.11175/easts.9.1499

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Impacts of Channelization Islands on the Left-turning Vehicle Maneuvers at Signalized Intersections in Japan

Dang Minh Tan, Asano Miho, Nakamura Hideki

Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies 2011 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 380 - 380 2011年

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies

The number of pedestrian injuries and fatalities involved by left-turning vehicles (in left-hand traffic) at signalized intersections occupies a very large portion in traffic accidents. Installing channelization islands, e.g. raised islands or zebra marking islands atintersections is considered as one of the most important factors influencing on conflicts between pedestrians and left-turning vehicles. However, their impacts on vehicle maneuver have not been quantitatively analyzed. The objective of this study, therefore, is to quantitatively evaluate the impacts of channelization islands, on maneuvers of left-turning vehicles. Results of the analyses on turning vehicle maneuvers conclude that the use of raised island gives between one-and-a-half to two times greater impacts on the trajectory and the speeds as compared to the impacts of zebra islands. The use of zebra marking islands has low influence on the vehicle trajectory and the speed.

DOI： 10.11175/eastpro.2011.0.380.0

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Quality of pedestrian flow and crosswalk width at signalized intersections Open Access

Alhajyaseen W., Nakamura H.

IATSS Research 34 巻 ( 1 ) 頁： 35 - 41 2010年7月

出版者・発行元：IATSS Research

Among various pedestrian facilities, signalized crosswalks are the most complex and critical ones. Their geometry and configuration including width, position and angle directly affect the safety, cycle length and resulting delays for all users. Existing manuals do not provide clear and rational specifications for the required crosswalk width under different pedestrian demand combinations and properties. Furthermore, they do not consider the bi-directional flow effects on crossing speed and time when addressing pedestrian flow at signalized crosswalks. However, quantifying the effects of such interactions on the behavior of pedestrian flow is a prerequisite for improving the geometric design and configuration of signalized crosswalks. The objective of this paper is to develop a methodology for estimating the required crosswalk width at different pedestrian demand combinations and a pre-defined LOS. The developed methodology is based on theoretical modeling for total pedestrian platoon crossing time, which consists of discharge and crossing times. The developed models are utilized to generate the fundamental diagrams of pedestrian flow at signalized crosswalks. A comprehensive discussion about the effects of bi-directional flow and various pedestrian age groups on the characteristics of pedestrian flow and the capacity of signalized crosswalks is presented. It is found that the maximum reduction in the capacity of signalized crosswalks occurs at roughly equal pedestrian flows from both sides of the crosswalk. By utilizing existing LOS thresholds for pedestrian flow at signalized crosswalks, the required crosswalk widths for various pedestrian demand combinations are proposed for implementation. © 2010 International Association of Traffic and Safety Sciences.

DOI： 10.1016/j.iatssr.2010.06.002

Open Access

Scopus

Estimating the Minimum Required Width of Signalized Crosswalks Considering Bi-Directional Pedestrian Flow and Different Age Groups

ALHAJYASEEN Wael K.M., NAKAMURA Hideki

Asian Transport Studies 1 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： 181 - 198 2010年

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies

Existing manuals do not provide clear specifications for the required crosswalk width under different pedestrian demand volumes and characteristics. However, optimizing crosswalk configurations including width is an important concern to improve the overall performance of signalized intersections. The objective of this paper is to develop a methodology for estimating minimum required crosswalk width at different pedestrian demand volumes considering bi-directional flow and different pedestrian age groups. The developed methodology is based on modeling total pedestrian platoon crossing time which consists of discharge and crossing times. Discharge time is modeled by using shockwave theory while crossing time is modeled by applying aerodynamic drag theory. The developed models are then calibrated for crosswalks with mainly elderly or pupil pedestrian platoons. A set of criteria based on pedestrian crossing speed is developed to identify the minimum required crosswalk width. Finally, different required crosswalk widths are proposed for different pedestrian demand volumes and directional split ratios considering the effects of pupil and elderly pedestrian platoons.

DOI： 10.11175/eastsats.1.181

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An Improved Follower Recognition Procedure to Estimate Follower Flow-Based Quality of Service Measures

CATBAGAN Jerome, NAKAMURA Hideki

Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies 8 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 1822 - 1837 2010年

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies

For a follower-based service measure to be effectively used for two-lane highway quality of service evaluation, a more reliable follower identification procedure is necessary. Current follower recognition methodologies are based on single critical headway values that may not accurately identify followers since they do not take into account the randomness of preferred tracking headways and drivers' desired speeds. This paper presents an improved, probability-based follower identification methodology that takes both of these factors into account while also considering their variability across different driving conditions. The calculated follower percentage and follower density values were compared with those estimated using the 3-second threshold suggested by the HCM. The proposed methodology estimated more followers, particularly during periods of heavy flow, highlighting the inability of using a single headway value to correctly identify followers. The resulting follower counts have been normalized, making it possible to theoretically identify followers at any given time or driving condition.

DOI： 10.11175/easts.8.1822

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An Improved Follower Recognition Procedure to Estimate Follower Flow-Based Quality of Service Measures 査読有り

Catbagan, J.L. and Nakamura, H.

Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies Vol. 7 巻頁： 16 pages in CD-ROM 2009年11月

*Modeling and Analysis of Pedestrian Flow at Signalized Crosswalks 査読有り

Alhajyaseen, K.M.W. and Nakamura, H.

Vol.26 巻頁： 611-620 2009年11月

Estimating the Minimum Required Width of Signalized Crosswalks Considering Bi-directional Pedestrian Flow and Different Age Groups 査読有り

Alhajyaseen, K.M.W. and Nakamura, H.

Proceedings of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies Vol.7 巻頁： 16 pages in CD-ROM 2009年11月

Estimation of Crosswalk Width to Minimize Cycle Length at Signalized Intersections 査読有り

Alhajyaseen, Wael K. M. and Nakamura, H.

Proceedings of the Eleventh International Summer Symposium, JSCE 頁： 213-216 2009年9月

Traffic Signal Control Optimization from the Viewpoint of Emission at Isolated Intersections

Ma, D. and Nakamura, H.

No.39 巻頁： 4ページ，CD-ROM 2009年6月

*Considering Travel Time Reliability and Safety for Evaluation of Congestion Relief Schemes on Expressway Segments 査読有り

Mehran, B. and Nakamura, H.

IATSS Research Vol.33 巻 ( No.1 ) 頁： 55-70 2009年6月

幹線街路における沿道アクセス機能に応じた旅行速度性能曲線の定式化

早河辰郎・中村英樹

土木計画学研究・講演集 No.39 巻頁： 4ページ，CD-ROM 2009年6月

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