研究者詳細 - 清水　裕彦

論文 - 清水　裕彦

分割表示 590 件中 1 - 20 件目／全件表示 >>

Proof-of-principle experiment on a displacement-noise-free neutron interferometer for gravitational wave detection

Iwaguchi S., Fujiie T., Nambu T., Kitaguchi M., Yamagata Y., Mishima K., Nishizawa A., Ishikawa T., Tsuji K., Umemura K., Kobayashi K., Onishi T., Kokeyama K., Shimizu H., Michimura Y., Kawamura S.

Physical Review D 112 巻 ( 10 ) 頁： 1020021 - 10200219 2025年11月

出版者・発行元：Physical Review D

The displacement-noise-free interferometer (DFI) is designed to eliminate all displacement-induced noise while retaining sensitivity to gravitational wave (GW) signals. Ground-based DFIs suffer from physical armlength limitations, resulting in poor sensitivity at frequencies below1 kHz. To address this, previous research introduced a neutron-based DFI, which replaces laser light with neutrons and achieves exceptional sensitivity down to a few hertz. In this study, we conducted a proof-of-principle experiment using a pulsed neutron source at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex. Despite practical constraints that led to deviations from the ideal experimental design, we optimized the setup and developed a novel analysis method that successfully cancels displacement noise while preserving simulatedGWsignals. This work presents the first successful demonstration of a neutron DFI and a neutron interferometer for GW detection.

DOI： 10.1103/yg4l-cj1t

Angular correlations in neutron-γ reactions

Gudkov V., Shimizu H.M.

Physical Review C 112 巻 ( 3 ) 頁： 1 - 19 2025年9月

出版者・発行元：Physical Review C

Angular correlations for low-energy neutron-induced γ reactions are calculated using nuclear reaction formalism for multilevel neutron capture with arbitrary multiplicities of γ transitions.We confirm previous calculations [V. V. Flambaum and O. P. Sushkov, Nucl. Phys. A 435, 352 (1985)] for dipole transitions obtained with different formalism. The possible applications of n-γ correlations for studies of symmetry violations and electromagnetic transitions are discussed.

DOI： 10.1103/3r4y-j1bt

Cryogenic Systems for the TUCAN EDM Experiment Open Access

Martin J.W., Algohi B., Anthony D., Barrón-Palos L., Bradley M., Brossard A., Bui T., Chak J., Davis C., De Vries R., Drury K., Fujimoto D., Fujitani R., Gericke M., Giampa P., Golub R., Hepworth T., Higuchi T., Ichikawa G., Imajo S., Jaison A., Jamieson B., Katotoka M., Kawasaki S., Kitaguchi M., Klassen W., Korkmaz E., Korobkina E., Lavvaf M., Lindner T., Lo N., Longo S., Madison K., Makida Y., Malcolm J., Mammei J., Mammei R., Marshall C., McCrea M., Miller E., Miller M., Mishima K., Mohammadi T., Momose T., Okamura T., Ong H.J., Patni R., Picker R., Ramsay W.D., Rathnakela W., Sato J., Schreyer W., Shima T., Shimizu H., Sidhu S., Stargardter S., Switzer P., Tanihata I., Vanbergen S., Van Oers W.T.H., Watanabe Y., Zahra A., Zhao M.

EPJ Web of Conferences 333 巻 2025年8月

出版者・発行元：EPJ Web of Conferences

The TUCAN (TRIUMF UltraCold Advanced Neutron) Collaboration is completing a new ultracold neutron (UCN) source. The UCN source will deliver UCNs to a neutron electric dipole moment (EDM) experiment. The EDM experiment is projected to be capable of an uncertainty of 1 × 10-27 ecm, competitive with other planned projects, and a factor of ten more precise than the present worlda's best. The TUCAN source is based on a UCN production volume of superfluid helium (He-II), held at 1 K, and coupled to a proton-driven spallation target. The production rate in the source is expected to be in excess of 107 UCN/s; since UCN losses can be small in superfluid helium, this should allow us to build up a large number of UCNs. The spallation-driven superfluid helium technology is the principal aspect making the TUCAN project unique. The superfluid production volume was recently cooled, for the first time, and successfully filled with superfluid helium. The design principles of the UCN source are described, along with some of the challenging cryogenic milestones that were recently passed.

DOI： 10.1051/epjconf/202533303004

Muonic helium hyperfine structure measurements at J-PARC MUSE Open Access

Strasser P., Fukumura S., Goto Y., Asai K., Fushihara M., Ino T., Kanda S., Kawamura S., Kitaguchi M., Nishimura S., Oku T., Okudaira T., Shimizu H.M., Shimomura K., Tada H., Torii H.A.

Proceedings of Science 480 巻 2025年7月

出版者・発行元：Proceedings of Science

Muonic helium is a hydrogenlike atom composed of a helium atom with one of its two electrons replaced by a negative muon. Its ground-state hyperfine structure is a sensitive tool for testing the theory of three-body atomic systems and bound-state quantum electrodynamics and determining fundamental constants of the negative muon magnetic moment and mass. New precise measurements are now in progress at J-PARC Muon Science Facility (MUSE). Zero-field measurements have already been carried out, and the results are more precise than previous measurements 40 years ago. High-field measurements are now in preparation. Furthermore, a new experimental approach to recover the negative muon polarization lost during the muon cascade process in helium is being investigated, which could drastically improve the measurement accuracy. The first laser repolarization experiments have recently been performed. The status of these new muonic helium HFS measurements and the latest results are presented.

DOI： 10.22323/1.480.0017

Development of a Polarized Lanthanum Target with Perovskite Crystals Open Access

Iinuma M., Akao R., Fujita M., Ide I., Ikeda Y., Iwata T., Kawamura S., Kitaguchi M., Kohri H., Kudo S., Miyachi Y., Nambu T., Okudaira T., Okuizumi M., Shimizu H.M., Takada S., Taniguchi T.

Proceedings of Science 472 巻 2025年6月

出版者・発行元：Proceedings of Science

It is widely known that a solid polarized target is a powerful device in research of spin physics, such as investigations of spin structure of nucleons, spin correlation in nuclear reactions, and precise measurements of discrete symmetries. In practical beam experiments, the solid polarized targets are limited to protons and deuterons since a relaxation time of nuclei with a large quadrupole moment is very short under a typical magnitude of external magnetic field. A possible method for overcoming such a problem is to perform the Dynamic Nuclear Polarization(DNP) with perovskite crystals, which is expected as a new way for opening up further possibilities in spin physics. The NOPTREX collaboration applies this method for the development of a polarized lanthanum (<sup>139</sup>La) target, which is a core device for discovery of Time-reversal violating effects with a slow neutron. We will introduce a basic concept and some features of the method, and also show the current status on Research and Development(R&D) of the polarized <sup>139</sup>La target in the NOPTREX project.

DOI： 10.22323/1.472.0002

Circular polarization measurement of γ -rays emitted from32S(n, γ)33S reaction with polarized neutrons Open Access

Endo S., Fujioka H., Ide I., Inuma M., Iwamoto N., Iwamoto O., Kameda K., Kawamura S., Kimura A., Kitaguchi M., Kobayashi R., Nakamura S., Oku T., Okudaira T., Okuizumi M., Rovira G., Shima T., Shimizu H., Takada S., Takahashi S., Yoshikawa H., Yoshioka T.

EPJ Web of Conferences 329 巻 2025年6月

出版者・発行元：EPJ Web of Conferences

We aim to measure circular polarization of γ-rays emitted from neutron capture reactions with a pulsed neutron source for nuclear data and nuclear physics studies. A γ-ray polarimeter was developed to measure the circular polarization. One of performance indicators for polarimeter is an analyzing power known as efficiency in the polarization measurement. The analyzing power is necessary to convert the experimental results to circular polarization. Therefore, the analyzing power was evaluated using the neutron capture reactions of sulfur-32 at the neutron time-of-flight facility, and obtained to be (1.82 ± 0.28)% at 5.4-MeV γ-rays.

DOI： 10.1051/epjconf/202532905003

Study of the Spin-Memory Effect with low-energy gamma-rays in177Hf(n, γ)178Hf reaction measurement Open Access

Kawamura S., Endo S., Iwamoto O., Iwamoto N., Kimura A., Kitaguchi M., Nakamura S., Okudaira T., Rovira G., Shimizu H., Shima T., Yoshikawa H.

EPJ Web of Conferences 329 巻 2025年6月

出版者・発行元：EPJ Web of Conferences

A method on the basis of the Spin-Memory Effect (SME) is available to measure the total angular momentum J of a resonance in a neutron capture reaction. This method uses the fact that the intensity ratio of two gamma-rays emitted from a resonance depends on the J of the resonance. In this study, neutron capture reaction measurements were performed at J-PARC MLF ANNRI using natural Hf (atomic number Z = 72). The total angular momentum of six resonances is deduced. The strength of SME was determined from those analyses. It was found that SME observed in resonances of<sup>177</sup>Hf was stronger than that expected in past studies.

DOI： 10.1051/epjconf/202532905002

Precision measurements of muonium and muonic helium hyperfine structure at J-PARC Open Access

Strasser P., Abe M., Asai K., Fukumura S., Fushihara M., Goto Y., Ino T., Iwai R., Kanda S., Kawamura S., Kitaguchi M., Nishimura S., Oku T., Okudaira T., Powell A., Sasaki K.I., Shimizu H.M., Shimomura K., Tada H., Torii H.A., Yamanaka T., Yamazaki T.

European Physical Journal D 79 巻 ( 3 ) 2025年3月

出版者・発行元：European Physical Journal D

At the J-PARC Muon Science Facility (MUSE), the MuSEUM collaboration is now performing new precision measurements of the ground state hyperfine structure (HFS) of both muonium and muonic helium atoms. High-precision measurements of the muonium ground-state HFS are recognized as one of the most sensitive tools for testing bound-state quantum electrodynamics theory to precisely probe the standard model and determine fundamental constants of the positive muon magnetic moment and mass. The same technique can also be employed to measure muonic helium HFS, obtain the negative muon magnetic moment and mass, and test and improve the theory of the three-body atomic system. Measurements at zero magnetic field have already yielded more accurate results than previous experiments for both muonium and muonic helium atoms. High-field measurements are now ready to start collecting data using the world’s most intense pulsed muon beam at the MUSE H-line. We aim to improve the precision of previous measurements ten times for muonium and a hundred times or more for muonic helium. We review all the key developments for these new measurements, focusing on the high-field experiment, and report the latest results and prospects.

DOI： 10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-00959-2

Transverse asymmetry of individual γ rays in the la 139 (n - , γ) la 140 reaction

Okuizumi M., Auton C.J., Endo S., Fujioka H., Hirota K., Ino T., Ishizaki K., Kimura A., Kitaguchi M., Koga J., Makise S., Niinomi Y., Oku T., Okudaira T., Sakai K., Shima T., Shimizu H.M., Tada H., Takada S., Takahashi S., Tani Y., Yamamoto T., Yoshikawa H., Yoshioka T.

Physical Review C 111 巻 ( 3 ) 2025年3月

出版者・発行元：Physical Review C

The enhancement of the parity-violating asymmetry in the vicinity of p-wave compound nuclear resonances was observed for a variety of medium-heavy nuclei. The enhanced parity-violating asymmetry can be understood using the s-p mixing model. The s-p mixing model predicts several neutron energy-dependent angular correlations between the neutron momentum kn, neutron spin σn, γ-ray momentum kγ, and γ-ray polarization σγ in the (n,γ) reaction. In this paper, the improved value of the transverse asymmetry of γ-ray emissions, corresponding to a correlation term σn·(kn×kγ) in the La139(n - ,γ)La140 reaction, and the transverse asymmetries in the transitions to several low excited states of La140 are reported.

DOI： 10.1103/PhysRevC.111.034611

New muonic He atom HFS measurements at J-PARC MUSE

Goto Y., Fukumura S., Strasser P., Ino T., Iwai R., Kanda S., Kawamura S., Kitaguchi M., Nishimura S., Oku T., Okudaira T., Shimizu H.M., Shimomura K., Tada H., Torii H.A.

Interactions 245 巻 ( 1 ) 2024年12月

出版者・発行元：Interactions

Muonic He (μHe) is a hydrogen-like atom composed of a helium atom with one of its electrons replaced by a negative muon. Measurements of the ground-state hyperfine structure (HFS) interval of the μHe atom is a sensitive tool to test the three-body atomic system, bound-state quantum electrodynamics (QED) theory, and determine fundamental constants of the negative muon magnetic moment and mass. It allows a test of the CPT theorem in muons by comparing these constants with positive muons. Precise measurements of the ground-state HFS interval using a microwave magnetic resonance technique are now in progress at J-PARC by the MuSEUM collaboration. Furthermore, a new experimental approach to recover the muon polarization lost during the muon cascade process is being investigated by repolarizing μHe atoms using a spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP) technique. The first laser repolarization experiment was recently performed. An overview of the different features of these new μHe atom HFS measurements and the latest results are presented.

DOI： 10.1007/s10751-024-01912-2

Performance of the Fully Equipped Spin Flip Chopper for the Neutron Lifetime Experiment at J-PARC Open Access

Mishima K., Ichikawa G., Fuwa Y., Hasegawa T., Hino M., Hosokawa R., Ino T., Iwashita Y., Kitaguchi M., Matsuzaki S., Mogi T., Okabe H., Oku T., Okudaira T., Seki Y., Shimizu H.E., Shimizu H.M., Takahashi S., Tanida M., Yamashita S., Yokohashi M., Yoshioka T.

Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics 2024 巻 ( 9 ) 2024年9月

出版者・発行元：Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics

To solve the "neutron lifetime puzzle,"where measured neutron lifetimes differ depending on the measurement methods, an experiment with a pulsed neutron beam at J-PARC is in progress. In this experiment, neutrons are bunched into 40-cm lengths using a spin flip chopper (SFC), where the statistical sensitivity was limited by the aperture size of the SFC. The SFC comprises three sets of magnetic supermirrors and two resonant spin flippers. In this paper, we discuss an upgrade to enlarge the apertures of the SFC. With this upgrade, the statistics per unit time of the neutron lifetime experiment increased by a factor of 2.8, while maintaining a signal-to-noise ratio of 250-400, which is comparable to the previous one. Consequently, the time r equir ed to r each a pr ecision of 1 s in the neutron lifetime ex- periment was reduced from 590 to 170 days, which is a significant reduction in time. This improvement in the statistics will also contribute to the reduction of systematic uncertain- ties, such as background evaluation, fostering further advancements in the neutron lifetime experiments at J-PARC.

DOI： 10.1093/ptep/ptae123

Circular polarization measurement for individual gamma rays in capture reactions with intense pulsed neutrons

Endo S., Abe R., Fujioka H., Ino T., Iwamoto O., Iwamoto N., Kawamura S., Kimura A., Kitaguchi M., Kobayashi R., Nakamura S., Oku T., Okudaira T., Okuizumi M., Omer M., Rovira G., Shima T., Shimizu H.M., Shizuma T., Taira Y., Takada S., Takahashi S., Yoshikawa H., Yoshioka T., Zen H.

European Physical Journal A 60 巻 ( 8 ) 2024年8月

出版者・発行元：European Physical Journal A

Measurements of circular polarization of γ-ray emitted from neutron capture reactions provide valuable information for nuclear physics studies. The spin and parity of excited states can be determined by measuring the circular polarization from polarized neutron capture reactions. Furthermore, the γ-ray circular polarization in a neutron capture resonance is crucial for studying the enhancement effect of parity nonconservation in compound nuclei. The γ-ray circular polarization can be measured using a polarimeter based on magnetic Compton scattering. A polarimeter was constructed, and its performance indicators were evaluated using a circularly polarized γ-ray beam. Finally, as a demonstration, the γ-ray circular polarization was measured in <sup>32</sup>S(n,γ)<sup>33</sup>S reactions with polarized neutrons.

DOI： 10.1140/epja/s10050-024-01392-6

Sagnac-type neutron displacement-noise-free interferometeric gravitational-wave detector

Kawasaki Y., Iwaguchi S., Ishikawa T., Nishizawa A., Kitaguchi M., Yamagata Y., Chen Y., Wu B., Shimizu R., Umemura K., Tsuji K., Shimizu H., Michimura Y., Kobayashi K., Onishi T., Kawamura S.

Classical and Quantum Gravity 41 巻 ( 11 ) 2024年6月

出版者・発行元：Classical and Quantum Gravity

The detection of low-frequency gravitational waves on Earth requires the reduction of displacement noise, which dominates the low-frequency band. One method to cancel test mass displacement noise is a neutron displacement-noise-free interferometer (DFI). This paper proposes a new neutron DFI configuration, a Sagnac-type neutron DFI, which uses a Sagnac interferometer in place of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. We demonstrate that a sensitivity of the Sagnac-type neutron DFI is higher than that of a conventional neutron DFI with the same interferometer scale. This configuration is particularly significant for neutron DFIs with limited space for construction and limited flux from available neutron sources.

DOI： 10.1088/1361-6382/ad42fa

Combination of crystal growth with optical floating zone and evaluation of Nd3+:LaAlO3 crystals with the dynamic nuclear polarization of 139La and 27Al

Ishizaki K., Ide I., Fujita M., Hotta H., Ito Y., Iinuma M., Ikeda Y., Iwata T., Kitaguchi M., Kohri H., Matsushita T., Miura D., Miyachi Y., Shimizu H.M., Yosoi M.

Review of Scientific Instruments 95 巻 ( 6 ) 2024年6月

出版者・発行元：Review of Scientific Instruments

Producing a polarized lanthanum (La) target with high polarization and long relaxation time is crucial for realizing time-reversal violation experiments using polarized neutron beams. We use a LaAlO<inf>3</inf> crystal doped with a small amount of Nd<sup>3+</sup> ions for the polarized lanthanum target. Optimizing the amount of Nd<sup>3+</sup> ions is considerably important because the achievable polarization and relaxation time strongly depend on this amount. We established a fundamental method to grow single crystals of Nd<sup>3+</sup>:LaAlO<inf>3</inf> using an optical floating zone method that employs halogen lamps and evaluated the crystals with the dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) method for polarizing nuclear spins. Two crystal samples were grown by ourselves and evaluated with the DNP at 1.3 K and 2.3 T for the first time, except for the target materials of protons. The enhancement of nuclear magnetic resonance signals for <sup>139</sup>La and <sup>27</sup>Al was successfully observed, and the enhancement factors were eventually 3.5 ± 0.3 and 13 ± 3 for the samples with Nd<sup>3+</sup> ions of 0.05 and 0.01 mol. %, respectively. These enhancement factors correspond to absolute vector polarizations of 0.27% ± 0.02% (Nd<sup>3+</sup> 0.05 mol. %) and 1.4% ± 0.3% (Nd<sup>3+</sup> 0.01 mol. %). Although the obtained polarizations are still low, they are acceptable as a first step. The combination scheme of the crystal growth and the evaluation of the crystals is found to be effectively applicable for optimizing the amount of Nd<sup>3+</sup> ions for improving the performance of the polarized target.

DOI： 10.1063/5.0202680

Present Status of Spectroscopy of the Hyperfine Structure and Repolarization of Muonic Helium Atoms at J-PARC Open Access

Fukumura S., Strasser P., Fushihara M., Goto Y., Ino T., Iwai R., Kanda S., Kawamura S., Kitaguchi M., Nishimura S., Oku T., Okudaira T., Shimizu H.M., Shimomura K., Tada H., Torii H.A.

Physics Switzerland 6 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： 877 - 890 2024年6月

出版者・発行元：Physics Switzerland

The mass (Formula presented.) of the negative muon is one of the parameters of the elementary particle Standard Model and it allows us to verify the CPT (charge–parity–time) symmetry theorem by comparing (Formula presented.) value with the mass (Formula presented.) of the positive muon. However, the experimental determination precision of (Formula presented.) is (Formula presented.), which is an order of magnitude lower than the determination precision of (Formula presented.) at (Formula presented.). The authors aim to determine (Formula presented.) and the magnetic moment (Formula presented.) with a precision of (Formula presented.) through spectroscopy of the hyperfine structure (HFS) of muonic helium-4 atom (Formula presented.) under high magnetic fields. (Formula presented.) is an exotic atom where one of the two electrons of the (Formula presented.) atom is replaced by a negative muon. To achieve the goal, it is necessary to determine the HFS of (Formula presented.) with a precision of (Formula presented.). This paper describes the determination procedure of the HFS of (Formula presented.) in weak magnetic fields reported recently, and the work towards achieving the goal of higher precision measurement.

DOI： 10.3390/physics6020054

High sensitivity of a future search for effects of P -odd/ T -odd interactions on the 0.75 eV p -wave resonance in n→ +139 La→ forward transmission determined using a pulsed neutron beam Open Access

Nakabe R., Auton C.J., Endo S., Fujioka H., Gudkov V., Hirota K., Ide I., Ino T., Ishikado M., Kambara W., Kawamura S., Kimura A., Kitaguchi M., Kobayashi R., Okamura T., Oku T., Okudaira T., Okuizumi M., Otero Munoz J.G., Parker J.D., Sakai K., Shima T., Shimizu H.M., Shinohara T., Snow W.M., Takada S., Takahashi R., Takahashi S., Tsuchikawa Y., Yoshioka T.

Physical Review C 109 巻 ( 4 ) 2024年4月

出版者・発行元：Physical Review C

Neutron transmission experiments can offer a new type of highly sensitive search for time-reversal invariance violating (TRIV) effects in nucleon-nucleon interactions via the same enhancement mechanism observed for large parity violating (PV) effects in neutron-induced compound nuclear processes. In these compound processes, the TRIV cross section is given as the product of the PV cross section, a spin factor κ, and a ratio of TRIV and PV matrix elements. We determined κ to be 0.59±0.05 for La139+n using both (n,γ) spectroscopy and (n→ +139La→) transmission. This result quantifies for the first time the high sensitivity of the La139 0.75-eV p-wave resonance in a future search for effects of P-odd/T-odd interactions in (n→ +139La→) forward transmission.

DOI： 10.1103/PhysRevC.109.L041602

Spin dependence in the p -wave resonance of la 139 - + n - +

Okudaira T., Nakabe R., Auton C.J., Endo S., Fujioka H., Gudkov V., Ide I., Ino T., Ishikado M., Kambara W., Kawamura S., Kobayashi R., Kitaguchi M., Okamura T., Oku T., Otero Munoz J.G., Parker J.D., Sakai K., Shima T., Shimizu H.M., Shinohara T., Snow W.M., Takada S., Tsuchikawa Y., Takahashi R., Takahashi S., Yoshikawa H., Yoshioka T.

Physical Review C 109 巻 ( 4 ) 2024年4月

出版者・発行元：Physical Review C

We measured the spin-dependent cross section at a neutron-induced p-wave resonance using a polarized epithermal neutron beam and a polarized nuclear target. Our study focuses on the 0.75 eV p-wave resonance of La139+n, where previous experiments have shown a large enhancement of parity violation. The spin dependence of the neutron absorption cross section of polarized La139 and polarized neutrons determines the partial neutron width of the p-wave resonance. This partial width is a key parameter needed to determine the sensitivity of this system to possible parity-odd and time reversal-odd interactions beyond the standard model. Our findings therefore serve as a foundation for a future search for time reversal violation in this compound nuclear system.

DOI： 10.1103/PhysRevC.109.044606

Predictive factors of post-operative apathy in patients with diffuse frontal gliomas undergoing awake brain mapping Open Access

Motomura K., Kawamura A., Ohka F., Aoki K., Nishikawa T., Yamaguchi J., Kibe Y., Shimizu H., Maeda S., Saito R.

Journal of Neuropsychology 18 巻 ( S1 ) 頁： 73 - 84 2024年3月

出版者・発行元：Journal of Neuropsychology

Patients with diffuse frontal gliomas often present with post-operative apathy after tumour removal. However, the association between apathy and tumour removal of gliomas from the frontal lobe remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing post-operative apathy after tumour removal in patients with diffuse frontal gliomas. We compared the demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with and without post-operative apathy in a cohort of 54 patients who underwent awake brain mapping for frontal gliomas. The frequency of clinical parameters such as left-sided involvement, high-grade tumour types (WHO grades III, IV), main tumour location in the anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC) and/or dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) was significantly greater in the apathetic group compared to the non-apathetic group. The apathetic group scored significantly lower on neuropsychological assessments such as the Letter Fluency Test among the Word Fluency Tests than the non-pathetic group (p =.000). Moreover, the scores of Parts 3, and 3–1 of the Stroop test were significantly lower in the apathetic group than those in the non-apathetic group (p =.023,.027, respectively). Multivariate model analysis revealed that the appearance of post-operative apathy was significantly related to side of the of lesion [left vs. right, hazard ratio (HR) = 8.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.36–46.96, p =.021], location of the main tumour in the frontal lobe (ACC/DLPFC/OFC vs. others, HR = 7.99, 95% CI = 2.16–29.59, p =.002), and the Letter Fluency Test (HR =.37, 95% CI =.15–.90, p =.028). Post-operative apathy is significantly associated with ACC and/or DLPFC and OFC in the left hemisphere of diffuse frontal gliomas. Apathy in frontal gliomas is correlated with a decline in the Letter Fluency Test scores. Therefore, this instrument is a potential predictor of post-operative apathy in patients with diffuse frontal gliomas undergoing awake brain mapping.

DOI： 10.1111/jnp.12345

Development of Neutron Interferometer Using Multilayer Mirrors and Measurements of Neutron-Nuclear Scattering Length with Pulsed Neutron Source

Fujiie T., Hino M., Hosobata T., Ichikawa G., Kitaguchi M., Mishima K., Seki Y., Shimizu H.M., Yamagata Y.

Physical Review Letters 132 巻 ( 2 ) 2024年1月

出版者・発行元：Physical Review Letters

This study entailed the successful deployment of a novel neutron interferometer that utilizes multilayer mirrors. The apparatus facilitates a precise evaluation of the wavelength dependence of interference fringes utilizing a pulsed neutron source. Our interferometer achieved an impressive precision of 0.02 rad within a 20-min recording time. Compared to systems using silicon crystals, the measurement sensitivity was maintained even when using a simplified disturbance suppressor. By segregating beam paths entirely, we achieved successful measurements of neutron-nuclear scattering lengths across various samples. The values measured for Si, Al, and Ti were in agreement with those found in the literature, while V showed a disparity of 45%. This discrepancy may be attributable to impurities encountered in previous investigations. The accuracy of measurements can be enhanced further by mitigating systematic uncertainties that are associated with neutron wavelength, sample impurity, and thickness. This novel neutron interferometer enables us to measure fundamental parameters, such as the neutron-nuclear scattering length of materials, with a precision that surpasses that of conventional interferometers.

DOI： 10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.023402

EUSO-SPB1 mission and science

Abdellaoui G., Abe S., Adams J.H., Allard D., Alonso G., Anchordoqui L., Anzalone A., Arnone E., Asano K., Attallah R., Attoui H., Pernas M.A., Bachmann R., Bacholle S., Bagheri M., Bakiri M., Baláz J., Barghini D., Bartocci S., Battisti M., Bayer J., Beldjilali B., Belenguer T., Belkhalfa N., Bellotti R., Belov A.A., Benmessai K., Bertaina M., Bertone P.F., Biermann P.L., Bisconti F., Blaksley C., Blanc N., Blin-Bondil S., Bobik P., Bogomilov M., Bolmgren K., Bozzo E., Briz S., Bruno A., Caballero K.S., Cafagna F., Cambié G., Campana D., Capdevielle J.N., Capel F., Caramete A., Caramete L., Caruso R., Casolino M., Cassardo C., Castellina A., Catalano O., Cellino A., Černý K., Chikawa M., Chiritoi G., Christl M.J., Colalillo R., Conti L., Cotto G., Crawford H.J., Cremonini R., Creusot A., Cummings A., de Castro Gónzalez A., de la Taille C., del Peral L., Desiato J., Damian A.D., Diesing R., Dinaucourt P., Djakonow A., Djemil T., Ebersoldt A., Ebisuzaki T., Eser J., Fenu F., Fernández-González S., Ferrarese S., Filippatos G., Finch W., Fornaro C., Fouka M., Franceschi A., Franchini S., Fuglesang C., Fujii T., Fukushima M., Galeotti P., García-Ortega E., Gardiol D., Garipov G.K., Gascón E., Gazda E., Genci J., Golzio A., Gorodetzky P., Gregg R., Green A.

Astroparticle Physics 154 巻 2024年1月

出版者・発行元：Astroparticle Physics

The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon 1 (EUSO-SPB1) was launched in 2017 April from Wanaka, New Zealand. The plan of this mission of opportunity on a NASA super pressure balloon test flight was to circle the southern hemisphere. The primary scientific goal was to make the first observations of ultra-high-energy cosmic-ray extensive air showers (EASs) by looking down on the atmosphere with an ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence telescope from suborbital altitude (33 km). After 12 days and 4 h aloft, the flight was terminated prematurely in the Pacific Ocean. Before the flight, the instrument was tested extensively in the West Desert of Utah, USA, with UV point sources and lasers. The test results indicated that the instrument had sensitivity to EASs of ⪆3 EeV. Simulations of the telescope system, telescope on time, and realized flight trajectory predicted an observation of about 1 event assuming clear sky conditions. The effects of high clouds were estimated to reduce this value by approximately a factor of 2. A manual search and a machine-learning-based search did not find any EAS signals in these data. Here we review the EUSO-SPB1 instrument and flight and the EAS search.

DOI： 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2023.102891

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