Faculty Profiles - TAKAI, Jiro

Papers - TAKAI, Jiro

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看護職員のモラールに及ぼす婦長のリーダーシップ Reviewed Open Access

松原敏浩・水野智・高井次郎

経営行動科学 Vol. 9 page： 13-26 1994

カリスマ的リーダーシップの研究−リーダーシップ行動、カリスマ性および集団効果の相互関係 Reviewed Open Access

松原敏浩・高井次郎・水野智

産業組織心理学研究 Vol. 8 page： 29-41 1994

Effects of head nurse leadership on organizational commitment and morale among subordinate nurses:Focusing upon moderating effects of head nurse's personality and social power perceived by subordinate nurses Open Access

MATSUBARA Toshihiro, MIZUNO Satoshi, TAKAI Jiro

Japanese Journal of Administrative Science Vol. 9 ( 1 ) page： 13 - 25 1994

Publisher：The Japanese Association of Administrative Science

Effects of leadership of the head nurse on organizational commitment and morale of subordinate nurses were examined, by taking leader's personality and social power as moderator variables. Some 318 nurses at two hospitals were snrveyed. An original scale was constructed in order to tap social power, and a four factor structure was identified. Factors of referent/expert (attractive) power, coercive power, legitimate power and reward power were extracted. Using this scale, it was discovered that referent/expert (attractive) power exerted moderator effects on the relationship between leadership P behavior and both commitment and morale, while legitimate power also had a moderator effect on the relationship betweem leadership M behavior and commitment. Furthermore, years of experience of nurses showed moderator effects on delegative leadership behavior and morale.

DOI： 10.5651/jaas.9.13

Open Access

CiNii Research

Charismatic leadership: Examining the relationship amongst leadership behavior, charisma and group effe Open Access

MATSUBARA Toshihiro, TAKAI Jiro, MIZUNO Satoshi

Japanese Association of Industrial/Organizational Psychology Journal Vol. 8 ( 1 ) page： 29 - 40 1994

Influences of Emotional Reaction and Personal Power on the Leadership Process: An Examination of Moderating and Mediating Effects Open Access

MIZUNO SATOSHI, MATSUBARA TOSHIHIRO, TAKAI JIRO

THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY Vol. 33 ( 3 ) page： 201 - 212 1994

Language：English Publisher：The Japanese Group Dynamics Association

This study examined the moderating and mediating effects of emotional reaction and personal power on the relationship of leadership behavior with group morale and organizational commitment. The data were obtained from 289 workers at a steel factory and 425 nurses working at three hospitals. The main results were as follows: 1) Emotional reaction moderated the relationship between performance-oriented leadership behavior and group morale and commitment. 2) Personal power moderated the relationship between Pressure P and group morale and commitment. However, it did not have any moderating effects on the relationships between delegative leader behavior and group morale and commitment. 3) Personal power mediated the relationship between leadership behavior and group morale and commitment, its effects being more pronounced than that of emotional reaction. Finally, the moderator and mediator roles in the leadership process were discussed.

DOI： 10.2130/jjesp.33.201

Open Access

CiNii Research

Social Networks of International Students in Japan: Perceived Social Support and Relationship Satisfaction Open Access

TANAKA TOMOKO, TAKAI JIRO, KOHYAMA TAKAYA, FUJIHARA TAKEHIRO, MINAMI HIROFUMI

THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL & SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY Vol. 33 ( 3 ) page： 213 - 223 1994

Language：English Publisher：The Japanese Group Dynamics Association

Perceived social support and relationship satisfaction of international students in Japan were examined. A total of 221 international students responded to a questionnaire composed of items that questioned the demographic characteristics of their network members, type of relationship, equity in relationship and satisfaction with relationship. Contact, relationship type and nationality of supporters were critical determinants of overall perceived social support, while relationship type, contact and equity were important for determining satisfaction in the relationship. On-campus relationships were important in academic support, while offcampus relationships played vital roles in both. This study revealed the importance of taking into consideration off-campus supporters in a study of international student adjustment.

DOI： 10.2130/jjesp.33.213

Open Access

CiNii Research

Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00387554462?from=CiNii

Assessing Japanese Interpersonal Communication Competence Open Access

TAKAI JIRO, OTA HIROSHI

THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY Vol. 33 ( 3 ) page： 224 - 236 1994

Language：English Publisher：The Japanese Group Dynamics Association

The assessment of interpersonal communication competence in Japan has been traditionally done through translated versions of mainly Western-made scales, devised on the Western cultural definition of competence. A review of the more commonly used scales revealed that cultural bias in these translated scales has rendered them as having lower levels of concurrent validity. The purpose of this study was to devise a scale for assessing the communication skills that have been accepted as being more or less typical of Japanese. A 31-item scale, named the Japanese Interpersonal Competence Scale (JICS) was constructed and administered to 707 subjects of all age ranges to determine the structure of Japanese interpersonal communication competence. The factors of Perceptive Ability, Self-Restraint, Social Appropriateness, Interpersonal Sensitivity and Tolerance for Ambiguity were revealed. Validity and reliability tests showed that JICS is a promising instrument for the assessment of competence.

DOI： 10.2130/jjesp.33.224

Open Access

CiNii Research

Adjustment patterns of international students in Japan Reviewed

Tomoko Tanaka, Jiro Takai, Takaya Kohyama, Takehiro Fujihara

International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol. 18 ( 1 ) page： 55 - 75 1994

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Cross-cultural adjustment of international students in Japan was approached through a comprehensive questionnaire that looked at various aspects of adjustment. Some 237 students of various national backgrounds participated in the study. Four factors of adjustment were attained: general adjustment, internally controlled adjustment, affiliation adjustment, and externally dependent adjustment. These four facets were analyzed with respect to several demographic traits of respondents. Some of the more important findings include the following: Asian subjects generally were less adjusted than those of Western and Latin American cultures
U-curve patterns with time were not evident in three of the four factors
those more proficient in the Japanese language did not prove to be generally better off than those less fortunate
and scholarship recipients were better adjusted than those relying on private sources for funding. © 1994.

DOI： 10.1016/0147-1767(94)90004-3

Scopus

Interpersonal competence: Assessing the assessment instruments Reviewed

Ota, H., Takai, J. and Tanaka, T.

Human Communication Studies Vol. 21 page： 35-52 1993

Necessary Social Skills for International Students in Japan Open Access

TANAKA Tomoko, TAKAI Jiro, KOHYAMA Takaya

Science reports ( 19 ) page： p87 - 99 1993

Language：Japanese Publisher：Hiroshima University

As a part of researches on social skills training aimed at facilitating the cross-cultural adjustment of sojourners in Japan, this study asked Japanese experts in interpersonal behavior research about how international students should cope with ten aspects of social difficulty in interpersonal situations. The mailed questionnaire administered to 133 social psychologists. Twenty three subjects responded to the open-ended items. Their responses were categorized through the KJ method of content analysis. The following main categories were obtained; A) interpersonal relations (relationship with stranger, friendship formation, behavior toward a superior, overcoming language handicap, managing social exchange, behavior toward opposite sex members), B) social situations (public etiquette, dealing with collective behavior), C) indirectness (negating, indirect expression). Coping strategies suggested by the respondents were categorized into three areas of a) behavior, b) cognition, c) passiveness, and under these categories were identified their respective component structure. The results offer fundamental resources for formulating structured learning, cognitive restructuring and goal setting regarding social skills training.

DOI： 10.15027/635

Open Access

CiNii Research

Other Link： http://ir.lib.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/00000635

Training effects on Japanese managers' divergent thinking attitudes Reviewed

Basadur, M., Wakabayashi, M. and Takai, J.

International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol. 16 page： 329-345 1992

Training effects on the divergent thinking attitudes of Japanese managers

Min Basadur, Mitsuru Wakabayashi, Jiro Takai

International Journal of Intercultural Relations Vol. 16 ( 3 ) page： 329 - 345 1992

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

A field experiment made a preliminary investigation of the effects of training Japanese managers in creative problem solving. Two attitudes associated with divergent thinking practice (an important aspect of creative problem solving) were measured before and after training. This research establishes the Japanese translations of the two attitudinal measures. It also indicates that the applicability and receptivity of the paradigms and methods of the training provided may be at least as strong in Japanese business and industry as found in previous North American research. The experimental group (n = 60) showed significant gains on both measures versus two control groups. Compared to North American managers from similar studies, the Japanese managers appear to make at least equal gains after training. Future directions for research include extending the training effect investigation beyond attitude changes to include behavior changes and longer term persistence and portability to the job. © 1992.

DOI： 10.1016/0147-1767(92)90056-Z

Scopus

THE ADJUSTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS AT A THIRD CULTURE-LIKE ACADEMIC COMMUNITY IN JAPAN (2) : AN INTERVIEW STUDY

Takai Jiro

Human communication studies Vol. 18 page： 31 - 61 1990.6

The adjustment of international students at a third culture-like academic community in Japan (2): An interview study Reviewed

Takai, J.

Human Communication Studies Vol. 18 page： 31-62 1990

THE ADJUSTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS AT A THIRD CULTURE-LIKE ACADEMIC COMMUNITY IN JAPAN (1) : A LONGITUDINAL STUDY

Takai Jiro

Human communication studies Vol. 17 page： 113 - 120 1989.6

The adjustment of international students at a third culture-like academic community in Japan (1): A longitudinal study Reviewed

Takai, J.

Human Communication Studies Vol. 17 page： 113-120 1989

An Overview of International Student Adjustment Studies in Japan Open Access

TAKAI Jiro

Bulletin of the school of education. Psychology ( 36 ) page： p139 - 147 1989

Language：Japanese Publisher：Nagoya University

Research on the adjustment of international students in Japan is still a relatively unexplored area of study. However, the need for it has become pronounced within the recent years, as our nation has readied itself to accept the lot of its projected 100,000 students by the early 2000's. Existing research has been repeatedly conducted by a small handful of investigators, and has concentrated mainly on self-report questionnaires. Although some studies have taken on a longitudinal design, most have not attempted to monitor adjustment as an ongoing developing process, but have opted to gain large cross-sectional samples. The indices of adjustment employed include host images, gaps between expectation and reality, amount of difficulty in coping, psychological stress and multiple factor inventories. In reference to the various hypotheses of cross-cultural adjustment, the U-curve, national status and association hypotheses have been investigated. Findings reported have discovered that a general U-curve pattern is not applicable to these students, that Asian students are generally not as well adjusted relative to Western students, and that the amount of support available from Japanese sources is not necessarily facillitative of adjustment. This paper provides a summary of existing research and gives some directives on future investigations.

DOI： 10.18999/bulfep.36.139

Open Access

CiNii Research

Other Link： http://hdl.handle.net/2237/3801

Comparing attitudes toward divergent thinking of managers and non-managers before and after training Open Access

Basadur Min, GRAEN George B., TAKAI Jiro, WAKABAYASHI Mitsuru

Japanese Journal of Administrative Science Vol. 4 ( 1 ) page： 19 - 27 1989

Publisher：The Japanese Association of Administrative Science

A field experiment compared managers'(n=90) and non-managers'(n=66) attitudes toward divergent thinking before and after training in a three phase process of creative thinking emphasizing problem finding as well as solving and implementing. The mediating effect of personal creative problem solving style was also measured. The sample was comprised of a variety of functional specialties, hierarchicalevels and organizations. Before training, managers were lower in tendency for premature convergence but non-managers were higher in preference for active divergence. After training, both groups had improved both attitudes and between-group differences were no longer statistically significant. The manager and non-manager groups were found to have different distributions of creative problem solving style. For managers, the dominant style was conceptualizor and for nonmanagers it was generator. Among both groups, training benefitted participants with the optimizer style the most in improving the two divergent thinking attitudes.

DOI： 10.5651/jaas.4.19

Open Access

CiNii Research

Receptivity of Japanese managers to creative problem solving experiential training Open Access

BASADUR Min, WAKABAYASHI Mitsuru, TAKAI Jiro

Japanese Journal of Administrative Science Vol. 4 ( 2 ) page： 75 - 82 1989

Publisher：The Japanese Association of Administrative Science

A field experiment investigated the effects of training on Japanese managers' attitudes toward divergent thinking. An experimental group (n=60) of managers underwent practice- oriented experiential training in creative problem solving. Two control groups underwent placebo treatments. The first (n=15) was comprised of Japanese university faculty and graduate students who participated in an abstract discussion. The second (n=47) was comprised of Japanese assistant managers who experienced training in an unrelated subject. The three groups were measured before and after training on attitudes toward two aspects of divergent thinking: active divergence and premature convergence. The experimental group showed significant gains on both measures versus both placebo control groups. Compared to North American managers from similar studies, the Japanese managers appear to be at least equal on both attitudes in mean score and in gains made after training. This research indicates that applicability and receptivity of paradigms and methods of training in creativity and innovation may be at least as strong in Japanese business and industry as in North America. Also the Japanese translations of the two measures developed and used for the first time in this study appear to be good replicas of the English language versions. Some interesting differences between the two attitudes in gains after training and between the groups before training are identified as opportunities for future research. Potential mediators include Japanese cultural factors, profit versus non-profit organizational contexts, and different levels of responsibility.

DOI： 10.5651/jaas.4.75

Open Access

CiNii Research

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