Faculty Profiles - KOMATSU, Hisashi

Papers - KOMATSU, Hisashi

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Study on the actual state of interaction and its spatial factors in the architectural outreach by hospital Reviewed

JIANG Jing, OGURAHATA Kosuke, Yan LI, and Hisashi KOMATSU

REGIONAL COMMUNITY FACILITIES PLANNING AND DESIGN (Architectural Institute of Japan) Vol. 43 page： 313 - 322 2025.7

Authorship：Last author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.) Publisher：Architectural Institute of Japan

In recent years, as outreach activities outside of hospitals have become more active, there are now examples of permanent spaces outside of hospitals that connect medical and local communities. The authors define the study as “architectural outreach” and focus on one example of “Come Come Swallow” established by a hospital. The study aims to verify the significance and value of the architectural outreach planned intentionally by the hospital through an analysis of the actual state of the people who stay and interact, as well as the spatial factors that influence people there.

A STUDY OF MOTIVATION FOR RELOCATION OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES IN JAPAN - Focusing on Japanese public libraries relocated between 2010-2020 Reviewed

Jiayu HU, Yan LI, Hisashi KOMATSU

AIJ Journal of Technology and Design Vol. 31 ( 78 ) page： 881 - 886 2025.6

Authorship：Last author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Architectural Institute of Japan

In Japan, a few public libraries have been renewed recently, and some of them have relocated their sites. This study investigates their relocation motivations through a questionnaire survey of 217 libraries relocated between 2010 and 2020, with 143 valid responses collected. Key motivations include urban planning, narrow space in old buildings, and the need to compound with other facilities. Text mining and correspondence analysis of free-text responses reveal correlations among motivations, and the relationships between motivations, library types, and land use changes. This research enhances the understanding of library relocations and provides insights for future public library planning.

DOI： https://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.31.881

USERS EVALUATIONS ON THE PIONEERING CASE OF THE INTEGRATED FACILITY ILITY WITH A PUBLIC JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL AND A COMMUNITY CENTER USE - Comparative Analysis from the Perspectives of Architecture, Operation, and Interaction - Reviewed

Sayuri YAMAMOTO, Yan LI, Hisashi KOMATSU

Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) Vol. 89 ( 826 ) page： 2325 - 2336 2024.12

Authorship：Last author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Architectural Institute of Japan

This study examines the possibilities and challenges of integrating a junior high school and a community center based on user evaluations of a pioneering case. Since the authors clarified that the case was spatially integrated well, this paper comparatively verified the space, operation, and user interaction on the case from the viewpoints of students, school faculty, and community center users. Some positive and negative evaluations of different user groups were identified by cross-analyzing three aspects and suggested that the synergy of careful space planning and flexible organizational structure was critical to integrating a junior high school and a community center.

DOI： https://doi.org/10.3130/aija.89.2325

Why Public Libraries Are Moving? Evidence From Japanese Public Libraries Relocated Between 2010-2020 Reviewed International journal

Jiayu Hu, Yan Li, Hisashi Komatsu

The 14th International Symposium on Architectural Interchanges in Asia (14th ISAIA), Kyoto, Japan page： 1 - 6 2024.9

Authorship：Last author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings) Publisher：The International Symposium on Architectural Interchanges in Asia (ISAIA)

With the decreasing and aging population in Japan, public libraries, as vital public facilities serving citizens, went into the era of transforming from book-oriented to people-oriented places. In response to this shift, some Japanese public libraries have relocated their sites and reconstructed them. However, limited past research paid attention to this relocation process and explored the reason. Therefore, this study focuses on relocated public libraries in Japan, aiming to investigate their reasons for moving. By posting questionnaires to 217 Japanese public libraries relocated between 2010 and 2020, we received 143 valid responses, knowing their motivations for relocation via multiple-choice and free-writing responses. The findings revealed the primary reasons included being a "part of urban planning", constraints posed by the "narrow space of old buildings", and the need for "compounding with other facilities". Furthermore, text mining and a corresponding analysis of free-writing responses were conducted to generate correlations among the main points for relocation. This research contributes to the literature in understanding the dynamics of public libraries moving recently. Also, it might offer references for future decision-making on library relocations in Japan and other Asian cities grappling with similar challenges posed by declining and aging populations.

Coexistence of Elderly Residents in Community Common Spaces in Residential Areas in China Reviewed International journal

Luyao Yan, Yan Li, Hisashi Komatsu

The 14th International Symposium on Architectural Interchanges in Asia (14th ISAIA), Kyoto, Japan page： 1 - 6 2024.9

China is now aging rapidly with approximately 90% of the national population expected to choose to age at home. Communities play a key role in the daily activities of them. To examine the activity features and the interaction pattern of elderly residents in their living areas, the observation survey in 17 community common spaces in three communities in Zhengzhou City was carried out, concluded with a recognition of space use features and several coexistence patterns of elderly residents in the common spaces. Based on the visitor number, some common spaces were visited mainly by the elderly while some were visited highly by both the elderly and non-elderly, highlighting a spatial coexistence and an interactive coexistence between them. Based on the behavioral frequency of elderly visitors, inaction and chatting were highly and persistently conducted in most outdoor spaces, whereas some other behavioral types were deemed to be simultaneously conducted, that the coexistence of them can be further classified as interactive with direct or indirect interactions. The coexistence analysis claimed the significance of individual visitors and their coexistence with group behaviors; Various coexistence forms suggested dynamic interpersonal relationships of elderly residents nurtured by daily interactions in community common spaces.

STUDY ON SPATIAL CONNECTION OF PUBLIC LIBRARY WITH COMPLEX FUNCTIONS PLANNED OR OPERATED BY AN UMBRELLA TYPE OR INTEGRATIVE TYPE ORGANIZATION Reviewed

Naoyasu YONEDA, Yan LI, Hisashi KOMATSU

Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) Vol. 89 ( 822 ) page： 1426 - 1437 2024.8

Authorship：Last author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Architectural Institute of Japan

This study aimed to verify the state of public libraries with complex functions in Japan from the viewpoint of two types of organizations and spatial connections. Six public libraries were selected for the case study using published materials. The following results can be found by analyzing the organization types, development policy, and spatial connections with field surveys. Firstly, the four cases that reorganized their operational structures in the earlier planning stage also realized high spatial sharing. Secondarily, these cases were well-operated, allowing different departments to share offices and accept the sounds and voices generated by the activities in each facility.

DOI： https://doi.org/10.3130/aija.89.1426

THE ROLE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE COMMUNITY HUB REUSING THE CLOSED SCHOOL IN THE MOUNTAINOUS AREA BY DIVERSE ENTITIES -Case study of “TSUKU-RASSERU” in Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan- Reviewed

Masaya OTA, Yan LI, Hisashi KOMATSU

Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) Vol. 89 ( 822 ) page： 1414 - 1425 2024.8

Authorship：Last author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Architectural Institute of Japan

This study examined the role and significance of the community hub reusing the closed school “TSUKU-RASSERU” in the mountainous area of Toyota City, Japan. The following points can be found as the results of analyses based on the published materials and the data collected by the observation survey. Firstly, the continuous relationship between local entities has created diverse activities in “TSUKU-RASSERU.” Secondarily, “TSUKU-RASSERU” plays the role of the catalyst for the creation of new activities. Thirdly, most connections between the entities in “TSUKU-RASSERU” come from the activities in the free-use spaces on the ground floor.

DOI： https://doi.org/10.3130/aija.89.1414

Motivation for relocation and spatial improvement of relocated public libraries in Japan—An evaluation of the role fulfillment of libraries Reviewed International journal

Jiayu Hu, Yan Li, Hisashi Komatsu

Japan Architectural Review Vol. 7 ( 1 ) page： 1 - 21 2024.7

Authorship：Last author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Wiley

Japan faces the serious challenge of a decreasing and aging population, impacting the maintenance and upgrade of public libraries. Concurrently, public libraries, crucial social education facilities in Japan, are expected to assume broader societal roles. In response, some Japanese public libraries relocated to address these challenges and new demands. However, there has been limited research focusing on the relocation process and its subsequent evaluation. This paper fills this gap by concentrating on relocated public libraries (RPLs) in Japan during the recent decade (2010–2020), aiming to investigate their relocation motivations and spatial improvement and evaluate their role fulfillment after relocation. By posting questionnaire sheets to 217 target RPLs, we collected 143 valid responses, did a cross-analysis on motivations, spatial changes, and library types, and evaluated improved role fulfillment postrelocation. Results suggest that public libraries are serving multiple roles in their communities, and their role fulfillment after relocation was linked to certain locational and spatial improvements. This research could help upgrade and reorganize public libraries in the future and contribute to the literature by understanding the relocation of public libraries from a dynamic perspective.

DOI： https://doi.org/10.1002/2475-8876.12458

Study on Operational Policies and Architectural Characteristics that Generate Frequent Content Turnover - An Evaluation of the Social Experiment Project Hub 'Honmachi BASE' Based on the Activities of Multiple Entities- Reviewed

JIANG Jing, OGURAHATA Kosuke, Yan LI, and Hisashi KOMATSU

REGIONAL COMMUNITY FACILITIES PLANNING AND DESIGN (Architectural Institute of Japan) Vol. 42 page： 357 - 366 2024.7

Authorship：Last author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.) Publisher：Architectural Institute of Japan

This paper aims to analyze an experiment project led by Seki City, Gifu Prefecture, in which a private parking lot was turned into a place managed by the city and architectural designers and joined by the citizens as short-term tenants. Since the citizens’ tenants were ruled to work within one week, they were changed frequently. In conclusion, the characteristics and values created by the frequent change of contents in the experiment project were clarified based on the analyses of the interrelationship between the nature of the social experiment, its management policy, architectural characteristics, and the frequent change of contents.

RELOCATION AND COMPOUNDING TRENDS OF JAPANESE PUBLIC LIBRARIES - Evidence from central and branch libraries relocated between 2010 and 2020 - Reviewed

Jiayu HU, Yan LI, Hisashi KOMATSU

AIJ Journal of Technology and Design Vol. 30 ( 75 ) page： 897 - 902 2024.6

Authorship：Last author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Architectural Institute of Japan

With a decreasing population and aging buildings, some Japanese public libraries relocated and compounded for renewal. However, few studies considered the trends in the dynamic relocation process. Therefore, we conducted a comparative study on 217 relocated public libraries (RPLs), particularly the central and branch libraries in different areas, to investigate the relocation and compounding trends. The results indicated central libraries tended to relocate to commercial zones and compound with commercial or transportation facilities in urban areas. Conversely, branch libraries exhibited joint relocation trends with community centers, tending toward compounds with city halls and schools on residential zones.

DOI： https://doi.org/10.3130/aijt.30.897

STUDY ON THE CHARACTERISTIC OF EXISTING PUBLIC BUILDING SPACE DEVELOPMENT IN A CLOSED HOSPITAL TEMPORARY USE PROJECT "LES GRANDS VOISINS" Reviewed

Kosuke OGURAHATA, Yan LI, Hisashi KOMATSU

Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) Vol. 89 ( 816 ) page： 240 - 251 2024.2

Authorship：Last author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Architectural Institute of Japan

This paper verified the characteristic of space planning in "Les Grands Voisins (LGV)" in Paris, a temporary use project which transformed the closed hospital into a public space for multiple purposes. As findings, LGV makes two different spaces: one for the specific uses where LGV’s tenant users and residents create a lively daily atmosphere, and another for the common uses by diverse entities. Besides, LGV has two space-remaking methods: change of the building structure and refurbishment with light materials by DIY. In addition, LGV is a trial process to realize and reconstruct contemporary publicness.

DOI： https://doi.org/10.3130/aija.89.240

A STUDY ON THE CHANGE OF THE LIVING ENVIRONMENT AND THE SOCIAL COMMUNICATION BY GROUP RELOCATION FROM RURAL VILLAGE TO URBAN AREA IN CHINA Reviewed

Jinhui LIU and Hisashi KOMATSU

Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) Vol. 88 ( 813 ) page： 2864 - 2875 2023.11

Authorship：Last author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Architectural Institute of Japan

This study analyzed changes in the living environment and social communications after relocation from a rural village with one-story
houses to an urban area with high-rise apartments in a city in China based on an interview survey of 31 residents. The places where residents were most likely to socialize daily and incidentally after relocation were the open spaces near the entrances of the apartments, not around the doors of the dwelling units as before relocating. However, intensively developed public spaces, such as parks in districts, have become places where residents remain purposefully and have not yet encouraged daily socialization.

DOI： https://doi.org/10.3130/aija.88.2864

STUDY ON THE INTEGRATION OF SPACES AND ACTIVITIES IN SCHOOL COMPLEXES WITH A COMMUNITY CENTER Reviewed

Takuro KUMANO, Yan LI, Hisashi KOMATSU

Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) Vol. 88 ( 809 ) page： 2080 - 2091 2023.7

Authorship：Last author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Architectural Institute of Japan

This study focuses on the mutual use of space and joint activities in school facilities complexed with community centers and other facilities nationwide. It aims to clarify the relationship between the mutual use of space and collaborative activities , also the connection between facilities and the characteristics of the complex form. Among the 443 school facilities complexed with community centers and other facilities collected by the author, 81 cases responded to the questionnaire survey for the study. As results, five points were pointed out: the connection between facilities, the form of integration, physical circulation between facilities, zoning, and free space.

DOI： https://doi.org/10.3130/aija.88.2080

Study on the utilization by diverse entities and the role of the free-use spaces of the closed school in the mountainous area -Case study of "TSUKU-RASSERU" in Toyota City, Aichi Prefecture, Japan.- Reviewed

Masaya OHTA , Yan LI, and Hisashi KOMATSU

REGIONAL COMMUNITY FACILITIES PLANNING AND DESIGN (Architectural Institute of Japan) Vol. 41 page： 95 - 104 2023.7

Authorship：Last author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.) Publisher：Architectural Institute of Japan

This study examined diverse entities' actual utilization of the closed schools and the role of the free-use spaces in “TSUKU-RASSERU” in the mountainous area of Toyota City, Japan. The following can be found as the results of analyses based on the published materials and the data collected by the observation survey. Firstly, the continuous relationship between local entities has created diverse activities in “TSUKU-RASSERU” Secondarily, “TSUKURASSERU” plays the role of the catalyst for the creation of new activities. Thirdly, most of the connections between the entities in “TSUKU-RASSERU” come from the activities in the free-use spaces on the ground floor.

The impact of the coronavirus disease pandemic on outdoor activities and community common space use by urban-dwelling elderly residents in China Reviewed International journal

Luyao Yan, Yan Li, Hisashi Komatsu

Japan Architectural Review Vol. 6 ( 1 ) page： 1 - 19 2023.6

Authorship：Last author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Wiley

To examine the impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on the elderly, this study conducted field surveys of three communities in Zhengzhou City in China. The results showed that, outdoor activities and common space use by the elderly were not significantly affected by the pandemic. Through the reports of their lives under the general and the extreme (after restrictions on movement were imposed) conditions of the pandemic, we identified the value of activities on a daily basis and activities in the general definition to the elderly. This study also re-recognized the role that was played by the use of common spaces that were located in close proximity to residential units during the pandemic.

DOI： https://doi.org/10.1002/2475-8876.12377

Study on the relationship between the seated area features and floor plan compositions of open reading spaces in public libraries in Japan Invited Reviewed International journal

Yuki Kojima, Hisashi Komatsu

Japan Architectural Review Vol. 6 ( 1 ) page： 1 - 14 2023.3

Authorship：Last author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Wiley

This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the seated area features and floor plan compositions of open reading spaces found in 55 Japanese public libraries completed since 2000. These elements were approached from the viewpoints of floor plan forms, bookshelf area arrangement, seated areas, and seating arrangements in seated areas. As the result of the statistical analyses of 792 seated areas – based on the nature of users' coexistence with the sociopetal, sociofugal, and side-by-side viewpoints –, 8 types of seating arrangement in seated areas, and the relationship between seating arrangement types and floor plan types were found.

DOI： https://doi.org/10.1002/2475-8876.12346

FACTORS INFLUENCING COMMON SPACE USE AMONG THE ELDERLY IN CHINESE URBAN RESIDENTIAL AREAS: BASED ON THE RESULTS OF A QUESTIONNAIRE SURVEY CONDUCTED IN THREE COMMUNITIES IN ZHENGZHOU CITY Reviewed

Luyao YAN, Yan LI, Hisashi KOMATSU

Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) Vol. 88 ( 804 ) page： 424 - 435 2023.2

Authorship：Last author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Architectural Institute of Japan

This paper summarizes the findings of a questionnaire survey conducted in three Chinese urban communities to identify the influencing factors to elderly residents’ common space use. The results show that the elderly’s common space use patterns are influenced by the types of communities, types of residents, and physical features of common spaces, as well as common-space-type-based location, physical settings, and activities. Overall, the availability of alternatives influences common space use intentions of the elderly. Hence, it is essential to design different types of common spaces and consider common spaces both outside and inside a community as a coherent system.

DOI： https://doi.org/10.3130/aija.88.424

Study on the mutual relation between uses and room areas in the conversion of closed schools Invited Reviewed International journal

Yasuhiro Yamaoka, Hisashi Komatsu

Japan Architectural Review Vol. 6 ( 1 ) page： 1 - 13 2023.1

Authorship：Last author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Wiley

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the combination of uses and the distribution of room areas in the conversion of closed public schools in Japan. Four combinations of uses and three distributions of room spaces were extracted from 109 cases of closed schools nationwide. Based on the above categorizations, 11 cases were analyzed in detail. Additionally, an analysis of the zoning and renovation methods clarified that ground floors were zoned for multiple uses, whereas upper floors were zoned and renovated according to their respective uses.

DOI： https://doi.org/10.1002/2475-8876.12330

A STUDY ON BUILDING RENEWAL BASED ON STRATEGIC PLAN OF PUBLIC LIBRARY IN U.S.A. Reviewed

Motohiro KUBO, Yan LI, Hisashi KOMATSU

Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) Vol. 88 ( 803 ) page： 90 - 101 2023.1

Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Architectural Institute of Japan

This paper, firstly, examined the contents of 39 cities’ current public library strategic plans in the United States and, secondarily, clarified the features of building renewals specifically in line with local authority’s strategic goals through the case study of Boston Public Library (BPL). It mainly turns out the followings: firstly, BPL efforts to serve more spaces for users, particularly teenagers and children, rather than book collection; secondarily, BPL renews not only physical spaces but also library’s programs collaborating with local people; thirdly, BPL actively utilizes existing buildings in addition to new construction, depending on the sustainability of public resources.

DOI： https://doi.org/10.3130/aija.88.90

CREATION OF A PUBLIC SPACE BY TEMPORARY USE OF A DECOMMISSIONED HOSPITAL AND ITS IMPACTS ON URBAN REDEVELOPMENT Invited

Hisashi KOMATSU

Journal of Japan Institute of Healthcare Architecture ( 271 ) page： 8 - 11 2022.10

Authorship：Lead author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.) Publisher：Japan Institute of Healthcare Architecture

- The decommissioned Saint Vincent de Paul Hospital in Paris was temporarily utilized as a public space by a multi-actor collaboration.
- Spaces and functions of the former hospital facility were utilized and
adopted while efforts were made to “open” the place to the surrounding community.
- “Opening” the place in terms of organization, activities and space led to revising the subsequent redevelopment plan of the area.

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Papers - KOMATSU, Hisashi