研究者詳細 - 成瀬　一郎

論文 - 成瀬　一郎

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Degradation of solid oxide fuel cell anodes by the deposition of potassium compounds

Zhang, H; Yoshiie, R; Naruse, I; Ueki, Y

CARBON RESOURCES CONVERSION 7 巻 ( 4 ) 2024年12月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Carbon Resources Conversion

Alkali contents with low melting points in the ash of woody biomass vaporize during the biomass gasification process, damaging various downstream energy conversion devices, such as the solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). In this study, the degradation of SOFC anodes by the deposition of potassium compounds (KCl, K2CO3, and KOH) was investigated. An aqueous solution of potassium compounds was dripped onto the anode surface of the SOFC button cell at room temperature. After drying at 343 K, 6.964 × 10-6 mol KCl, 6.964 × 10-6 mol KOH, and 3.482 × 10-6 mol K2CO3 was deposited on the anode. Button cells with the deposition of K compounds were employed for power generation experiments at 1023 K with the supply of artificial syngas from biomass gasification. After the power generation experiments, the surface structures of the anodes were microscopically analyzed using the SEM and EDS. As a result, K compounds hardly affected the OCV of SOFC. With the addition of KCl, no apparent change in the anode structure was observed, and only a slight KCl deposit was detected. However, chloride tends to be chemisorbed on Ni, increasing the ohmic resistance as well as the adsorption/desorption resistance. However, KOH transformed to K2CO3 and then remained massively on the anode, which was clearly observed in the SEM images. K2CO3 significantly decreased the cell voltage under a current density of 100 mA·cm−2. Through impedance analyses, this voltage drop was mainly attributed to the ohmic resistance and gas diffusion resistance. However, there is no evidence that this deposit degrades Ni particles.

DOI： 10.1016/j.crcon.2024.100238

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Scopus

1-01　高温でのコークスのガス化反応過程における粉化挙動

鄭振傑, 植木保昭, 出町豊子, 成瀬一郎

石炭科学会議発表論文集 61 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 2 - 3 2024年10月

2-12　廃棄物処理プラントにおける灰付着・高温腐食の低減技術

長沼宏, 澤田晃宏, 森岳人, 後藤妙子, 小坂祥枝, 成瀬一郎

石炭科学会議発表論文集 61 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 52 - 53 2024年10月

1-11　バイオマス燃焼時の伝熱管へのCl付着挙動の解明

和田知歌子, 佐藤直樹, 渡邊和宏, 成瀬一郎

石炭科学会議発表論文集 61 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 22 - 23 2024年10月

Comparative life cycle assessment of organic industrial solid waste co-disposal in a MSW incineration plant

Liu, YH; Li, AJ; Guo, GZ; Zhang, JW; Ren, Y; Dong, L; Gong, LF; Hu, HY; Yao, H; Naruse, I

ENERGY 305 巻 2024年10月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Energy

Co-disposal experiments involving industrial solid waste (ISW) are conducted at a municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration plant in this study, investing the environmental impact of co-disposal with different ISW addition proportions using life cycle assessment (LCA). Results show that increasing ISW proportions improves economic indicators, reducing the payback period from 7.92 years (0 % ISW) to 6.58 years (40 % ISW). Environmental impact indicators initially decrease and then increase. The indicator with the greatest environmental impact is Eutrophication Potential (EP), the only major indicator with positive values in all scenarios when considering power output. Its normalization value reaches a minimum at 30 % ISW blending, at 7.85 × 10−12. Contribution analysis reveals that the direct emissions of N-containing gases are the primary cause, while the addition of urea, ammonia water, and quicklime in flue gas treatment, as well as the ash-slag landfill, also have significant effects. Technical optimization of stepwise co-disposal, denitrification system and ash-slag reduction will be the focus. Compared to the existing conventional situation, the co-disposal system exhibits considerable improvements in environmental benefits and carbon reduction potential. Notably, there is a significant reduction in non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions. This study offers theoretical insights for multi-source waste disposal in MSW incineration plants.

DOI： 10.1016/j.energy.2024.132322

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3-3-2　廃プラスチックおよび木質バイオマスによる酸化鉄の還元挙動

加田航平, 出町豊子, 植木保昭, 成瀬一郎, 義家亮

日本エネルギー学会大会講演要旨集 33 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 58 - 59 2024年7月

5-2-1　産業廃棄物によるエネルギーリカバリ時の灰溶融挙動および灰付着制御

向本舜, 出町豊子, 植木保昭, 成瀬一郎, 義家亮

日本エネルギー学会大会講演要旨集 33 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 148 - 149 2024年7月

Processing plastic waste via pyrolysis-thermolysis into hydrogen and solid carbon additive to ethylene-vinyl acetate foam for cushioning applications

Wang, YX; Chang, BP; Veksha, A; Kashcheev, A; Tok, ALY; Lipik, V; Yoshiie, R; Ueki, Y; Naruse, I; Lisak, G

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 464 巻頁： 132996 2024年2月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Journal of Hazardous Materials

A strategy for enhancing value creation from pyrolysis gas and oil, derived from plastic waste, through the generation of two additional outputs of solid carbon and hydrogen was investigated. Three types of hard-to-recycle plastic waste (marine plastic litter, household mixed plastics and cosmetic products packaging) were thermally treated in two stages: (i) decomposition of feedstock into gas and oil via pyrolysis at 600 °C; and (ii) thermolytic conversion of the pyrolysis gas and a fraction of oil into hydrogen and solid carbon at 1300 °C separately. The thermolysis of both pyrolysis gas and oil fractions predominantly resulted in the production of solid carbon (39–70 wt% per plastic feedstock and carbon content of 91.3–98.6 wt%) and H2-rich gas (H2 yield of 5.9–10.8 wt% per plastic waste feedstock and H2 content of 71.4–97.2 vol% per gas volume). The incorporation of pyrolysis oil into the thermolysis process could enhance the outputs of solid carbon and hydrogen. Characterizations of solid carbon and hydrogen obtained from pyrolysis gas and oil fractions were further conducted. The observed similar properties of H2 and solid carbon from pyrolysis gas and oil supported the feasibility of introducing all the pyrolytic products together into the thermolysis process without condensation of oil. To enhance the value of these solid carbon derived from plastics for practical usage, we utilized the obtained solid carbon as a reinforcing agent for polymer composite foam development. The solid carbon reinforced composite foam displayed great abrasion resistance (wear loss: 240 mg), compression strength (0.347 MPa), and dynamic impact properties (energy returned: 124 J/m and energy absorbed: 57.3 J/m), emphasizing the viability of solid carbon as a nucleating agent and reinforcing filler in polymer foam for cushioning applications. Overall, the strategy of pyrolysis-thermolysis, which harnesses both pyrolysis gas and oil, unlocks additional value creation by producing two new outputs from plastic waste. Depending on the market prices for solid carbon and hydrogen, this can substantially change the economics of plastic waste management and create new revenue streams, incentivizing plastic waste collection and processing.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132996

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PubMed

Ash deposition and corrosion mechanisms of tubes in Waste-to-Energy plants

Naganuma, H; Mori, T; Watanabe, S; Sawada, A; Goto, T; Ueki, Y; Yoshiie, R; Naruse, I

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 11 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： 23-00486 - 23-00486 2024年

Mechanism of arsenic migration and transformation during pulverized coal combustion

Huang, YD; Li, AJ; Hu, HY; Li, S; Zou, C; Zou, RJ; Wu, XJ; Naruse, I; Yao, H

PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE 40 巻 ( 1-4 ) 2024年

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Proceedings of the Combustion Institute

The gaseous arsenic released from pulverized coal combustion not only poses environmental impacts but also causes the severe poisoning of selective catalytic reduction catalyst. The unclear understanding of the interactions between gaseous arsenic and minerals in coal hinders the arsenic emission control by promoting gaseous arsenic transformation into less troublesome particulate-bound arsenic. To clarify the mechanism of arsenic migration and transformation during pulverized coal combustion, field test, pilot-scale combustion trial, lab-scale adsorption experiment, and molecular-scale theoretical calculation were synergistically conducted in this study. The results demonstrated that the interactions between gaseous arsenic and mineral components included chemical reaction and oxidation process, which began at high temperatures (∼1350 °C) and mainly took place in medium-high temperature region (650∼1350 °C). The metakaolin, magnetite, hematite and anhydrite were found to be active components for the interactions. Among these, anhydrite was the main trapper for gaseous arsenic at high temperatures due to the high thermal stability of calcium arsenate. While metakaolin, magnetite and hematite owned high arsenic adsorption performance in medium-temperature region. In the process of flue-gas cooling, gaseous arsenic tended to be captured by anhydrite thereby forming calcium-bound arsenic at high temperatures, and subsequently reacted with metakaolin, magnetite and hematite by generating iron- or aluminum-bound arsenic as flue gas further cooled down. High flue-gas temperatures and ash components (especially magnetite and hematite) facilitated the arsenic oxidation to hypotoxic arsenate in fly ash. These findings provided the foundation for in-depth control of arsenic emission from coal combustion by promoting arsenic migration and transformation into fly ash.

DOI： 10.1016/j.proci.2024.105467

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Influence mechanism of chlorine on arsenic release and transformation during municipal solid waste incineration

Li, S; Hu, HY; Zou, C; Dong, L; Huang, YD; Liu, H; Naruse, I; Yao, H

PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE 40 巻 ( 1-4 ) 2024年

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Proceedings of the Combustion Institute

Arsenic release presents a critical environmental pollution issue during municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration. The increase of chlorine-containing waste for incineration processes has heightened interest in the volatilization of heavy metals induced by chlorine. However, the migration and transformation of arsenic, which has a strong affinity for oxygen at high temperatures, are less understood in the context of chlorine influence, leading to the absence of corresponding regulatory strategies. Therefore, this study first investigated the mass distribution of arsenic during co-incineration of MSW and chlorine-rich solid waste (plastics) in a grate incinerator. In addition, Ca3(AsO4)2 was selected as the predominant form of arsenate in the bottom ash to perform decomposition experiments under the influence of HCl, supported by thermodynamic calculations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results demonstrated that chlorine enhances the migration of arsenic from the bottom ash to the fly ash during the co-incineration process. For the first time, it has been discovered that Ca3(AsO4)2 transforms into Ca5(AsO4)3Cl when exposed to HCl at high temperatures, releasing As2O3 (g) into the flue gas. Importantly, the presence of HCl significantly lowers the initial temperature for the release of As2O3 (g). This effect is attributed to the adsorption of chlorine from HCl onto the calcium atoms in Ca3(AsO4)2, which affects the binding energy of adjacent Ca-O-As structure, thereby facilitating arsenic release at lower energies. Furthermore, the initial transformation temperature of Ca3(AsO4)2 into Ca5(AsO4)3Cl is reduced from 1300 °C to 600 °C in a high-chlorine atmosphere, which was obtained by incorporating the thermal properties of Ca5(AsO4)3Cl. These insights are crucial for the understanding of arsenic transformation in high-chlorine environments and offer guidance for arsenic emissions control during the incineration of chlorine-rich solid waste.

DOI： 10.1016/j.proci.2024.105586

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Electrochemical characteristics of solid oxide fuel cells supplied with CO-rich fuel gases

Zhang, H; Onogi, R; Yoshiie, R; Ueki, Y; Naruse, I

JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 19 巻 ( 1 ) 頁： 23-00525 - 23-00525 2024年

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人日本機械学会・社団法人日本伝熱学会

CO2 biomass gasification is an attractive option for reducing CO2 emission which produces gas mixtures with higher CO concentrations than typical syngas compositions. However, carbon deposition and catalyst degradation may occur when CO-rich fuel gas is supplied to a Ni-Yttria-stabilized Zirconia solid oxide-based fuel cell. In this study, the electrochemical performance of an SOFC (anode: NiO-YSZ/NiO-GDC) with various CO-rich gas compositions was experimentally investigated. Four distinct gas mixtures were tested using electrochemical experiments at 1073 K. Impedance and steady-state polarization measurements were taken, and electric power generation was assessed at 100 mA·cm-2 under the 4 gas mixtures. Gas 1, a mixture of H2 (38%), CO (19%), CO2 (9.5%), and H2O (5%) was prepared as a reference gas to model a typical syngas mixture obtained from biomass gasifier. It generated the highest voltage without any degradation of the anode over 8 h. Gas 2, containing CO (19%), CO2 (9.5%), and H2O (5%), caused serious anode degradation compared with Gas 1. Gas 3, containing CO (19%) and H2O (5%) showed good performance with a relatively small polarization resistance and good stability in long-term electric power generation test. Gas 4, consisting of CO (20%) and CO2 (10%), exhibited the largest charge-transfer resistance at low overpotential and a significant diffusion resistance at high overpotential. Additionally, Gas 4 had the worst stability in the electric power generation test. Based on these results, we conclude that biomass gasification gas is a promising fuel for use in SOFCs. CO direct oxidation can provide electric power generation, although it appears to be unstable and shows high resistance at both low and high overpotentials. H2O addition can efficiently improve the stability of the CO direct oxidation process.

DOI： 10.1299/jtst.23-00525

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CiNii Research

産業廃棄物処理炉内における灰付着機構の解明とその制御

新居大生, 出町豊子, 植木保昭, 成瀬一郎, 義家亮

廃棄物資源循環学会研究発表会講演集 35 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 395 2024年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人廃棄物資源循環学会

廃棄物由来の燃料を用いる焼却炉やボイラにおいて生じるスラッギングやファウリングといった伝熱管表面への灰付着は，伝熱阻害による発電効率の低下や焼却炉の運転阻害，伝熱管表面の化学腐食に起因するボイラ蒸気の高温および高圧化の阻害等の問題を発生させている．そこで本研究では，より高温および高圧な蒸気条件の実用化に向けて，産業廃棄物灰の溶融挙動を解明するとともに，灰付着を低減することのできる伝熱管表面への溶射材料の検討を行った．各材料を用いて接触角測定実験及びSEM/EDX分析を実施することで溶射材料の難灰付着性、耐食性について検討した．接触角測定実験から，いずれの条件でも開発材料Ni-2はSUS310Sよりも接触角が大きく，灰付着抑制・低減できると考察できる．また，SEM/EDX分析の結果から，Ni-2はSUS310Sに比べて溶融灰による化学腐食の進行を抑制できると考えられる．

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.35.0_395

CiNii Research

速度解析論による多様なバイオマス粒子の揮発分放出挙動の解明 Open Access

松成祥平, 高橋広大, 植木保昭, 義家亮, 成瀬一郎

動力・エネルギー技術の最前線講演論文集 : シンポジウム 2024.28 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： A113 2024年

Pyrolysis and steam gasification properties of mangroves

Sakurai Y., Kobayashi J., Sakai Y., Naruse I.

Chemosphere 345 巻頁： 140388 2023年12月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Chemosphere

The rising atmospheric CO2 emissions from the burning of fossil fuels remains a global concern. Mangrove forests, which are important for global biodiversity, are known for their high carbon fixation capacity. However, the characteristics of the pyrolysis and gasification of mangroves remain unclear. Thus, this study focused on mangroves' basic pyrolysis and steam gasification properties for use as a gasification fuel. Three mangrove species: Rhizophora mucronata, Bruguiera cylindrica, and Avicennia marina, were used as experimental samples. In addition, three species of land wood were used for comparison: Eucalyptus, Japanese cedar, and Japanese cypress. In addition to the raw sample, a demineralized sample was used for each sample to account for the influence of the alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) on pyrolysis and steam gasification. Thermogravimetric analysis was performed to obtain thermogravimetric curves of mangroves and land wood. A laboratory-scale instrument for pyrolysis and gasification using a batch-type horizontal electric furnace was also used at 800 °C in an inert and steam atmosphere. The char yield of raw mangroves was high and independent of the Klason lignin content, suggesting that AAEMs influence char formation during the initial pyrolysis of the mangroves. The results of pyrolysis and gasification under steam atmosphere showed that the H2 production ratio (Steam/Inert) from mangroves was 2.52–5.33, compared to 1.76–2.35 for land woods, the addition of steam significantly enhanced the steam gasification of mangroves. Mangroves contain relatively large amounts of AAEMs, which indicates their potential as a gasification feedstock.

DOI： 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140388

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PubMed

O-11　木質バイオマスチャーのガス化挙動に及ぼすチャー粒径の影響

重吉晟之介, 義家亮, 植木保昭, 成瀬一郎, 中島充幸, 遠藤好弘, 梁川哲

バイオマス科学会議発表論文集 19 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 25 - 26 2023年11月