Faculty Profiles - YAMAMOTO Toshiyuki

Papers - YAMAMOTO Toshiyuki

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An Analysis of Vehicle Type Choice, Allocation and Use by Households Reviewed

Toshiyuki Yamamoto, Ryuichi Kitamura and Ichiro Kohmoto

Journal of Infrastructure Planning and Management ( 674/IV-51 ) page： 33-40 2001

Authorship：Lead author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Simultaneous vehicle type and main driver choice models and models of vehicle miles traveled are developed for one and two vehicle households separately. The types of vehicles are categorized as eight alternatives, and unobserved correlations among them are examined by adopting mixed multinomial logit models. The empirical results suggest that the vehicles are possibly reallocated in two-vehicle households at the transactions, that there exist inclinations toward specific types of vehicles among two-vehicle households, and that they have the tendency to obtain the same type of vehicles. The results also suggest that the vehicle miles traveled by respective vehicles in two-vehicle households are negatively interacted and that the vehicle types do not affect the vehicle miles traveled in two-vehicle households while they do so in one-vehicle households.

Optimizing the Duration, Survey Interval, and Sample Size for a Discrete Panel Study Reviewed

Ryuichi Kitamura, Satoshi Fujii and Toshiyuki Yamamoto

Journal of Infrastructure Planning and Management ( 691/IV-52 ) page： 13-23 2001

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The problem of determining the interval between waves of panel surveys, the sample size, and the study duration is formulated in this study as an optimization problem in which the sum of the cost of estimation error and the cost of the survey is minimized. Numerical analyses using hypothetical parameter values indicate that the optimal sample size of a panel study can be much smaller, and the optimal inter-wave interval and the optimal study duration much shorter, than those values that have typically been used in previous panel studies.

Computation of Destination Choice Probabilities under Huge Choice Sets: Application of Markov Chain Monte Carlo Algorithms Reviewed

Akira Kikuchi, Toshiyuki Yamamoto, kei Ashikawa and Ryuichi Kitamura

Infrastructure Planning Review Vol. 18 ( 3 ) page： 503-508 2001

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

A destination choice model is developed, using a coordinates-based methodology, to resolve the problems arising from zone systems on which most models developed so far are based. To evaluate destination choice probabilities and simulate choice simulation on a hypothetical uniform area is almost identical to the theoretical distribution, suggesting the validity of the MCMC method. From the result of a simulation run in Kyoto, it is confirmed that the MCMC method is a useful technique as a method of forecasting destination choice behavior with huge choice sets.

Application of PCATS/DEBNetS to Regional Planning and Policy Analysis: Micro-Simulation Studies for the Cities of Osaka and Kyoto, Japan Reviewed

Kitamura, R., Fujii, S., Yamamoto, T. and Kikuchi, A.

Preprint CD-ROM of the 80th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board 2001

Prism-Based Accessibility Measures and Activity Engagement Reviewed

Kitamura, R., Yamamoto, T., Kishizawa, K. and Pendyala, R. M.

Preprint CD-ROM of the 80th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board 2001

ITS行動モデルとシミュレーション

羽藤英二，吉井稔雄，藤井聡，大口敦，内田敦，宇野伸宏，轟朝幸，室町泰徳，倉内文孝，加藤博和，山本俊行，坂本邦宏，清水哲夫，小根山裕之，倉内慎也，堀口良太，田名部淳，牧村和彦，榊原康貴，井料隆雅

土木計画学研究・講演集 Vol. 24 2001

電気自動車の共同利用システムの効率化に関するシミュレーション分析：京都パブリックカーシステムを事例として

中山晶一朗，山本俊行，梅木亮，北村隆一

土木計画学研究・講演集 Vol. 24 2001

Accessibility in a Metropolis: Toward a Better Understanding of Land Use and Travel Reviewed

Kitamura, R., Akiyama, T., Yamamoto, T. and Golob, T. F.

Preprint CD-ROM of the 80th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board 2001

Accessibility in a Metropolis: Toward a Better Understanding of Land Use and Travel Reviewed

Ryuichi Kitamura, Takamasa Akiyama, Toshiyuki Yamamoto and Thomas F. Golob

Transportation Resaerch Record ( 1780 ) page： 73-94 2001

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Travel survey data from two major metropolitan areas of Japan, taken at three time points spanning a period of 20 years, are analyzed and changes in travel characteristics and the spatial distributions of jobs and residences are examined. The two areas, the Kyoto-Osaka-Kobe (Kei-Han-Shin) metropolitan area and the Nagoya-Gifu (Chukyo) metropolitan area, developed along rail networks prior to the process of motorization began in the 1960's in Japan. Changes in travel characteristics in these two areas are examined using two sets of repeated cross-sectional data. The data cover the period from 1970 through 1990 in which these metropolitan areas experienced rapid growth and motorization. The analysis focuses on changes over time in mode use, commute trip length, daily travel time expenditure, and trip-chaining characteristics, and explores their associations with trip end location, residence and job locations, and other spatial factors. Changes in urban structure are inferred through the examination of the spatial distributions of job locations, residence locations, and activity locations. As a new indicator of urban structure, the spatial distribution of person-hours by activity type is proposed, and its effectiveness in portraying, along the time as well as spatial dimensions, the internal structure of an metropolitan area and the distribution of economic activities therein, is examined.

Sampling Alternatives from a Colossal Choice Set: an Application of the MCMC Algorithm Reviewed

Toshiyuki Yamamoto, Ryuichi Kitamura and Keiko Kishizawa

Transportation Research Record ( 1752 ) page： 53-61 2001

Authorship：Lead author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

It is often the case that a discrete choice model cannot be applied to forecasting because the choice set is unmanageably large and choice probabilities cannot be evaluated in a practical manner. For example, an activity-based analysis of travel behavior often involves an astronomical number of potential activity-travel patterns, resulting in an enormous choice set when one attempts to formulate the behavior as a discrete choice. A colossal choice set makes it practically impossible to define the full choice set and to evaluate the choice probability of each pattern for forecasting. This paper demonstrates an algorithm to simulate individuals' activity-travel choice by sampling activity-travel patterns from a colossal choice set according to their choice probabilities as determined by a discrete choice model, without enumerating the full choice set. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the practicality and effectiveness of the algorithm in forecasting the effects on activity-travel patterns of transportation policy measures.

Markov Chain Monte Carlo Algorithm for Generating Activity-Travel Patterns Reviewed

Yamamoto, T., Kitamura, R. and Kishizawa, K.

Preprint CD-ROM of the 80th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board 2001

フランス国立交通・安全研究所（INRETS）の概要と研究動向

山本俊行

交通科学 Vol. 31 page： 96-97 2001

フランス国立交通・安全研究所（INRETS）の概要と研究動向

山本俊行

交通科学 Vol. 31 page： 96-97 2001

カリフォルニア大気資源局（CARB）の電気自動車政策

山本俊行

運輸政策研究 Vol. 4 ( 2 ) page： 53-56 2001

An Analysis of Time Allocation, Departure Time and Route Choice Behaviour under Congestion Pricing Reviewed

Toshiyuki Yamamoto, Satoshi Fujii, Ryuichi Kitamura and Hiroshi Yoshida

Transportation Research Record ( 1725 ) page： 95-101 2000

Authorship：Lead author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Driver behavior under congestion pricing is analyzed in this study to evaluate the effects of alternative congestion pricing schemes. The analysis, which is based on stated-preference survey results, focuses on time allocation, departure time choice and route choice when a congestion pricing scheme is implemented on toll roads. A unique feature of the model system of this study is that departure time choice and route choice are analyzed in conjunction with the activities before and after the trip. A time allocation model is developed in this study to describe departure time choice, and a route and departure time choice model is developed as a multinomial logit model with alternatives representing the choice between freeways and surface streets and, for departure time, choice from among before, during, or after the period when congestion pricing is in effect. The results of the empirical analysis suggest that departing during the congestion pricing period tends to have higher utilities, and that a worker and a non-worker have quite different utility functions. The comparative analysis of different congestion pricing schemes is carried out based on the estimated parameters, and the results suggest that the probability of choosing each alternative is stable even if the length of the congestion pricing period changes, but that a higher congestion price causes more drivers to change the departure time to before the congestion pricing period.

An Analysis of Household Vehicle Holding Durations Considering Intended Holding Durations Reviewed

Toshiyuki Yamamoto and Ryuichi Kitamura

Transportation Research Vol. 34A ( 5 ) page： 339-351 2000

Authorship：Lead author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Household vehicle holding durations are examined in this study using panel data. Panel data enable the observation of changes in household vehicle holdings in discrete time periods. If the data set contains retrospective recall data which offer information on the types and the occurrence time points of the transactions since the last survey, direct observation of the transaction process along a continuous time axis is possible. Furthermore, if the data contain information on intentions for future transactions and actual outcomes of the intentions in later waves, the relationship between intended transactions and actual transactions can be observed. In this study, we develop models of actual vehicle holding durations and models of intended vehicle holding durations for the same set of vehicles. Comparing these two sets of models, the effects on household vehicle holding durations of changes in the household's plans for vehicle holding and unexpected events can be inferred. To represent unaccounted associations between intended vehicle holding durations and actual vehicle holding durations, vehicle specific error components are introduced into the duration models. A non-parametric approach is adopted in model estimation using mass points, which requires no assumption on the distribution of the error components.

Stochastic Frontier Models of Prism Vertices Reviewed

Ryuichi Kitamura, Toshiyuki Yamamoto, Keiko Kishizawa and Ram M. Pendyala

Transportation Research Record ( 1718 ) page： 18-26 2000

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

A methodology to estimate the location and size of space-time prisms that govern individuals' activity and travel is presented in this study. Because the vertices of a prism are unobservable, stochastic frontier models are formulated to locate prism vertices along the time axis using observable trip starting or ending times as the dependent variable, and commute characteristics, personal and household attributes and area characteristics as explanatory variables. Models are estimated successfully with coherent behavioral indications. A mean difference of 1.46 hours is found between the observed trip ending time and the expected location of the terminal vertex for workers' evening prisms. The estimation results aid in enhancing our understanding of prism constraints by identifying the determinants of prism vertex locations.

経路選択行動の習慣化と旅行時間の思いこみ認知についての実験研究

山田憲嗣，中山晶一朗，藤井聡，山本俊行，北村隆一

平成12年度土木学会関西支部年次学術講演会講演概要 page： IV-31 2000

An Analysis of Public Attitudes toward Transportation Policies for Public Involvement in Transportation Planning Reviewed

Toshiyuki Yamamoto, Ryusuke Ashiya, Satoshi Fujii and Ryuichi Kitamura

Traffic Science Vol. 30 ( 1 ) page： 40-49 2000

Authorship：Lead author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Public intentions and preferences should be reflected in transportation planning, because it is the public that receive benefits from and incur costs of transportation policies. It is thus desired that planners have a grasp of public attitudes toward each of the policies they implement. In this study, we develop a discrete-choice model of individuals' importance ratings of transportation policy measures using socio-demographic attributes and the transportation levels of service as its explanatory variables. We also analyze the differences in individuals' importance ratings between the case they value policies from their own perspectives and the case where they do so considering the entire community. The results reveal differences in individuals' importance ratings between the two positions, and suggest that the individuals' attitudes vary by area of residence and according to their socio-demographic attributes.

Micro-Simulation Based Travel Demand Forecasting System for Urban Transportation Planning Reviewed

Yuzo Iida, Michiyoshi Iwabe, Akira Kikuchi, Ryuichi Kitamura, Kuniaki Sasaki Yasuo Shiromizu, Dai Nakagawa, Masatoshi Hatoko, Satoshi Fujii, Takayuki Morikawa and Toshiyuki Yamamoto

Infrastructure Planning Review Vol. 17 page： 841-848 2000

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

This study proposes a new urban-travel demand forecasting system based on a micro-simulation approach as an alternative method to four-step estimation methods. This system comprises; 1) PCATS which simulates an individual's daily activity-travel pattern, 2) DEBNetS which simulates vehicle trips on urban road network, 3) a household simulator which generates future household attributes, and 4) a system to evaluate inter-zonal travel times and costs by public transit based on public transport networks and time tables. The system was applied to replicate the travel demand in a 1990 travel survey data set. A comparison between the observed and the forecast indicated that the system is capable of producing reasonable forecasts.

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Papers - YAMAMOTO Toshiyuki