Faculty Profiles - MIZUNO, Koji

Papers - MIZUNO, Koji

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Aピラー衝突における自転車ヘルメットによる頭部保護 Reviewed

伊藤大輔，笈田桂治，小林吾一，水野幸治，吉田良一

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 46 ( 2 ) page： 455 - 460 2015

Adult headform impact tests of three Japanese child bicycle helmets in vehicle-cyclist collisions Reviewed

Koji Mizuno, Daisuke Ito, Ryoich Yoshida, Hiroyuki Masuda, Hiroshi Okada, H., Mitsunori Nomura, Chikayo Fujii

Accident Analysis and Prevention Vol. 73 page： 359-372 2014.12

Bumper contact sensor for pedestrian collisions based on analysis of pedestrian kinematic behavior Reviewed

Daisuke Ito, Koji Mizuno, Takaharu Ueyama, Daisuke Nakane, Shingo Wanami

International Journal of Crashworthiness Vol. 19 ( 5 ) page： 514-523 2014.9

ラット落下実験による胸部応答評価と人体有限要素モデルとの比較 Reviewed

伊藤大輔，一杉正仁，本澤養樹，水野幸治

日本交通科学協議会誌 Vol. 14 ( 2 ) page： 15 - 21 2014

Dynamic response and injury risk of pedestrians in mini car collision

Yong Han, Koji Mizuno, Yasuhiro Matsui

Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy Vol. 4 ( 3 ) page： 244-249 2013.9

Analysis of child-vehicle collision injuries by vehicle type Reviewed

Kawato, H., Hitosugi, M., Mizuno, K., Matsui, Y., Tokudome, S.

Journal of Pediatric Surgery Vol. 55 ( 6 ) page： 1588-1592 2013.7

Severity of child pedestrian injuries due to bonnet-type vehicle collisions Reviewed

Pediatrics International Vol. 55 ( 6 ) 2013.5

Simulation study on mechanism of hip fractures in backward falls Reviewed

Hirabayashi, S., Tsuchida, T., Tanaka, E., Mizuno, K

Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering Vol. 8 ( 4 ) 2013

Optimization of vehicle deceleration to Reduce Occupant injury risks in frontal impact, Traffic Injury Prevention Reviewed

Traffic Injury Prevention Vol. 15 ( 1 ) page： 48-55 2013

Effects of vehicle impact velocity, vehicle front-end shapes on pedestrian injury risk

Han, Y., Yang, J., Mizuno, K., Matsui, Y.

Traffic Injury Prevention Vol. 13 ( 5 ) page： 507-518 2012.9

FE analysis of child occupant kinematics in CRS in side oblique impact Reviewed

Yingai Cui, Yamaguchi Masatomo, Koji Mizuno, Yoshinori Tanaka, Ryoich Yoshida

International Journal of Crashworthiness Vol. 17 ( 3 ) page： 233-242 2012.6

A study on chest injury mechanism and the effectiveness of a headform impact test for pedestrian chest protection from vehicle collisions Reviewed

Han, Y., Yang, J., Mizuno, K., Matsui, Y.

Safety Science Vol. 50 ( 5 ) page： 1304-1312 2012.6

Comparison of responses of the Flex-PLI and TRL legform impactors in pedestrian tests Reviewed

Mizuno, K., Ueyama, T., Nakane, D., Wanami, S.

nternational Journal of Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems Vol. 5 page： 203-213 2012.5

Evaluation of mechanical properties of skeletal muscle with strain injury Reviewed

Ito D., Yamamoto S., Tanaka E., Mizuno K.

Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering Vol. 17 ( 2 ) page： 156-167 2012.4

Finite element analysis of kinematic behavior and injuries of pedestrians in vehicle collisions Reviewed

Han, Y., Yang, J., Nishimoto, K., Mizuno, K., Matsui, Y., Nakane, D., Wanamie, S., Hitosugi M.

International Journal of Crashworthiness Vol. 17 ( 2 ) page： 141-152 2012.4

後席乗員の胸部傷害を軽減するための車両減速度の最適化 Reviewed

坂野雄亮，水野幸治，吉田良一

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 43 ( 2 ) page： 237-241 2012.3

側面衝突試験によるCRS 子ども乗員の頭部挙動とスレッド試験による再現 Reviewed

吉田良一，岡田宏，野邑満教，横橋松人，藤居睦代，水野幸治，田中良知，細川成之

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 42 ( 6 ) page： 1335-1340 2011.11

Head Injury Mechanisms of a Child Occupant in a Child Restraint System Based on Side Oblique Impact Tests

Ryoichi Yoshida, Mitsunori Nomura, Hiroshi Okada, Koji Mizuno, Hideki Yonezawa, Yoshinori Tanaka, Naruyuki Hosokawa

Stapp Car Crash Journal Vol. 55 page： 117-139 2011.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

n side collision accidents, the head is the most frequently injured body region for child occupants seated in a child restraint system (CRS). Accident analyses show that a child's head can move out of the CRS shell, make hard contact with the vehicle interior, and thus sustain serious injuries. In order to improve child head protection in side collisions, it is necessary to understand the injury mechanism of a child in the CRS whose head makes contact with the vehicle interior. In this research, an SUV-to-car oblique side crash test was conducted to reconstruct such head contacts. A Q3s child dummy was seated in a CRS in the rear seat of the target car. The Q3s child dummy's head moved out beyond the CRS side wing, moved laterally, and made contact with the side window glass and the doorsill. It was demonstrated that the hard head contact, which produced a high HIC value, could occur in side collisions. A series of sled tests was carried out to reproduce the dummy kinematic behavior observed in the SUV-to-car crash test, and the sled test conditions such as sled angle, ECE seat slant angle and velocity-time history that duplicated the kinematic behavior were determined. A parametric study also was conducted with the sled tests; and it was found that the impact angle, harness slack, chest clip, and the CRS side wing shape affected the torso motion and head contact with the vehicle interior.

Performance of Collision Damage Mitigation Braking Systems and their Effects on Human Injury in the Event of Car-to-Pedestrian Accidents

Yasuhiro Matsui, Yon Hang, Koji Mizuno

Stapp Car Crash Journal Vol. 55 page： 461-477 2011.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The number of traffic deaths in Japan was 4,863 in 2010. Pedestrians account for the highest number (1,714, 35%), and vehicle occupants the second highest (1,602, 33%). Pedestrian protection is a key countermeasure to reduce casualties in traffic accidents. A striking vehicle's impact velocity could be considered a parameter influencing the severity of injury and possibility of death in pedestrian crashes. A collision damage mitigation braking system (CDMBS) using a sensor to detect pedestrians could be effective for reducing the vehicle/pedestrian impact velocity. Currently in Japan, cars equipped with the CDMBS also have vision sensors such as a stereo camera for pedestrian detection. However, the ability of vision sensors in production cars to properly detect pedestrians has not yet been established. The effect of reducing impact velocity on the pedestrian injury risk has also not been determined.
The first objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of the CDMBS in detecting pedestrians when it is installed in production cars. The second objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of reducing impact velocity on mitigating pedestrian injury.
Firstly, impact experiments were performed using a car with the CDMBS in which the car collided with a pedestrian surrogate. In these tests, the velocity was chosen for the various test runs to be 20, 40 and 60 km/h, respectively, which were based on the velocity distribution in real-world pedestrian crashes. The results indicated that the impact velocity reduction ranged approximately from 10 to 15 km/h at the standing location of a pedestrian surrogate at both daytime and nighttime lighting conditions. These results show that the system has the potential to reduce pedestrian casualties from car-to-pedestrian contacts.
Secondly, finite-element analyses were performed simulating vehicle-to-pedestrian impacts with the THUMS pedestrian models. The vehicle models selected for the study included a medium sedan, a minicar, and an SUV. Since head and chest injuries are the most typical causes of pedestrian deaths in car-to-pedestrian accidents, the risk of head and chest injuries was calculated when the impact velocity was reduced from 50 km/h to 40 km/h, 30km/h, and 20 km/h. The results revealed that an impact velocity reduction of 10 km/h mitigated severe pedestrian injury at impact velocities greater than or equal to 40 km/h. Specifically, a significant effect was observed in collisions with the medium sedan and SUV. In Japan, the CDMBS has just started to be installed in medium sedans. The pedestrian injury mitigation will be greatly improved if the system can be applied to various types of vehicles including SUVs in the future.

Severity of vehicle bumper location in vehicle-to-pedestrian impact accidents Reviewed

Matsui, Y., Hitosugi, M., Mizuno, K.

Forensic Science International Vol. 212 ( 1-3 ) page： 205-209 2011.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Pedestrian protection is one of the key topics for safety measures in traffic accidents all over the world. To analyze the relation between the collision site of the vehicle bumper and the severity of the lower extremity injuries, we performed biomechanical experiments. We compared the applied external force and the risks of subsequent injuries between the impact of the center and side positions of the front bumper. These comparisons were performed by practical impact tests with eight typical different types of cars which were typical of the current vehicle fleets. The tests were made using the TRL legform impactor which was a mechanical substitute of a pedestrian lower extremity. The TRL impactor is used all over the world for assessing the safety of car bumpers. It was found that the risks of lower extremity injuries in the impacts at the side positions, in front of the vehicle's side member, were significantly higher than those at the center. In the tests, we found that foam materials around the rigid front cross member had a significant effect on reducing the lower extremity injury risks and especially tibia fracture risk against vehicle bumper center collisions, but had little effect at the sides of the bumper over the vehicle's side members where the foam was thinner. We also found that the front shape of the vehicle affected the risk of ligaments injuries. According to these results, the information of impact locations of cars in vehicle-to-pedestrian traffic accidents is valuable for clinicians to diagnose patients with lower extremity injuries in traffic accidents and for forensic pathologists to analyze the accident reconstruction. Furthermore, the results suggest that testing of the bumper area in front of the main longitudinal beams should be included in the car safety legislation to require pedestrian safety.

DOI： 10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.06.012

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