Faculty Profiles - MIZUNO, Koji

Papers - MIZUNO, Koji

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Analysis method for factors influencing pelvis rotation of Hybrid III and THOR dummies during frontal impact Reviewed

Azuma, T; Zhao, YQ; Mizuno, K; Nagasaka, K; Suzuki, T; Masuda, I

TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION 2025.3

車対車前面衝突における車両減速度に対する車体構造部材の寄与度の検討 Reviewed

太田京伽, 趙雨晴, 水野幸治, 長坂圭

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 56 ( 1 ) page： 71 - 76 2025.1

Experimental and finite element analysis of rear impacts on bicycles with child seats Reviewed

Terashima, T; Miyata, R; Mizuno, K

JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH Vol. 91 page： 437 - 446 2024.12

自動車衝突時における歩行者の傷害低減に有効なブレーキ減速度波形の検討 Reviewed International coauthorship

竹田陸人，趙　雨晴，水野幸治，若林亜星，川瀨麻実，細川俊夫，韓　勇

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 55 ( 6 ) page： 1271 - 1277 2024.11

Optimal braking profile to minimize pedestrian ground injury risk during car-to-pedestrian collisions Reviewed

TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION Vol. 25 page： S230 - S232 2024.11

Pedestrian trajectory prediction method based on the Social-LSTM model for vehicle collision Reviewed International coauthorship

TRANSPORTATION SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT Vol. 6 ( 3 ) 2024.7

Finite element analysis of hip fracture risk in elderly female: The effects of soft tissue shape, fall direction, and interventions Reviewed

JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS Vol. 172 2024.7

幼児同乗自転車への追突事故における幼児の挙動と傷害の分析 Reviewed

寺島孝明，大賀　涼，加藤憲史郎，木戸晶洋，水野幸治

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 55 ( 3 ) page： 474 - 481 2024.5

The influence of seated postures and anthropometry on lap belt fit in vehicle occupants: A 3D computed tomography study Reviewed

TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION Vol. 25 ( 3 ) page： 454 - 462 2024.4

Predictive modeling of submarining risk in car occupants based on pelvis angle and lap belt positioning Reviewed

TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION Vol. 25 ( 2 ) page： 147 - 155 2024.2

Comparative analysis of AEB effectiveness based on typical and atypical scenarios of electric two-wheeler accidents in China Reviewed International coauthorship

Pan Di, Han Yong, Jin Qianqian, Wu He, Wang Bingyu, Huang Hongwu, Mizuno Koji

PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART D-JOURNAL OF AUTOMOBILE ENGINEERING Vol. 238 ( 2-3 ) page： 521 - 532 2024.2

人体計測値を用いた衝突時の乗員のサブマリン予測モデルの構築 Reviewed

田中良彦, 竹内裕也, 趙雨晴, 水野幸治, 細川成之

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 54 ( 4 ) page： 751 - 756 2023.6

Probabilistic Prediction of Collisions between Cyclists and Vehicles Based on Uncertainty of Cyclists' Movements Reviewed International coauthorship

Pan, D; Han, Y; Jin, QQ; Kan, J; Huang, HW; Mizuno, K; Thomson, R

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD Vol. 2677 ( 3 ) page： 1151 - 1164 2023.3

The difference in the kinematic and injury risk of cyclists between normal and emergency avoidance postures in vehicle collisions Reviewed International coauthorship

Wu He, Han Yong, Wang Bingyu, Pan Di, Jin Qianqian, Huang Hongwu, Mizuno Koji

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRASHWORTHINESS Vol. 28 ( 1 ) page： 82 - 95 2023.1

多様な乗員と着座姿勢におけるラップベルトと骨盤の相互作用 Reviewed

竹内裕也, 田中良彦, 水野幸治, 山田　稔, 山田祥岳, 横山陽一, 陣崎　雅弘, 細川　成之

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 54 ( 1 ) page： 163 - 168 2023.1

Shock-absorbing effect of flooring-adopted mechanical metamaterial technology and its influence on the gait and balance of older adults Reviewed

Tatemoto Tsuyoshi, Sugiura Taiki, Kumazawa Nobuhiro, Li Takuma, Kitamura Shin, Tanabe Shigeo, Hirayama Yosuke, Shimomura Hiroshi, Mizuno Koji, Otaka Yohei

INJURY PREVENTION Vol. 28 ( 5 ) page： 410 - 414 2022.10

Analysis of fall kinematics and injury risks in ground impact in car-pedestrian collisions using impulse

Mizuno, K; Horiki, M; Zhao, YQ; Yoshida, A; Wakabayashi, A; Hosokawa, T; Tanaka, Y; Hosokawa, N

ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION Vol. 176 2022.10

Analysis of loading to the hip joint in fall using whole-body FE model Reviewed

Aoshima Yuhei, Murakami Sotaro, Mizuno Koji, Otaka Yohei, Yamada Minoru, Jinzaki Masahiro

JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS Vol. 142 2022.9

Analysis of fall kinematics and injury risks in ground impact in car-pedestrian collisions using impulse Reviewed

Mizuno K, Horiki M, Zhao Y, Yoshida A, Wakabayashi A, Hosokawa T, Tanaka Y, Hosokawa N

Accident Analysis and Prevention Vol. 176 page： 106793 2022.8

Analysis of normal and tangential restitution coefficients in car collisions based on finite element method Reviewed

Yamamoto Yuta, Zhao Yuqing, Mizuno Koji

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRASHWORTHINESS Vol. 27 ( 4 ) page： 1222 - 1231 2022.7

Experimental study on car collisions with bicycles equipped with child seats, Accident Analysis and Prevention Reviewed

Takaaki Terashima, Kenshiro Kato, Ryo Oga, Nobuaki Takubo, Koji Mizuno

ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION Vol. 166 2022.3

Experimental study on car collisions with bicycles equipped with child seats

Terashima, T; Kato, K; Oga, R; Takubo, N; Mizuno, K

ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION Vol. 166 2022.3

A preliminary FE analysis of a helmeted head in an A-pillar impact: effects of whole-body kinematic behavior of cyclist and head-helmet interaction on brain strain Reviewed

Ito Daisuke, Sugiura Kotaro, Mizuno Koji

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRASHWORTHINESS Vol. 27 ( 1 ) page： 160 - 167 2022.1

The Head AIS 4+Injury Thresholds for the Elderly Vulnerable Road User Based on Detailed Accident Reconstructions Reviewed International coauthorship

FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol. 9 2021.6

Studies of the interaction between the lap belt and anterior superior iliac spine Reviewed

Vol. 52 ( 2 ) page： 337 - 342 2021.3

Evaluation of rib deformation of THOR dummy in seat belt loadings Reviewed

Vol. 52 ( 2 ) page： 486 - 491 2021.3

Analysis of car driver responses to avoid car-to-cyclist perpendicular collisions based on drive recorder data and driving simulator experiments Reviewed International coauthorship

Yuqing Zhao, Teruki Miyahara, Koji Mizuno, Daisuke Ito, Yong Han

Vol. 150 2021.2

Analysis of kinematic behavior of pedestrians/cyclists in vehicle collisions using impulse Reviewed

Shinya Murano, Chunyu Kong, Koji Mizuno, Daisuke Ito, Daisuke Nakane, Asei Wakabayashi

Traffic Injury Prevention Vol. 21 ( 5 ) page： 335 - 340 2020.7

A new approach for uncertainty analysis of ETW Rider Head Injury Reconstruction via Coupling Response Surface and Monte Carlo methodologies Reviewed International coauthorship

Han Yong, Xu Jiashao, Thomson Robert, Mizuno Koji

FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL Vol. 309 2020.4

Chest compression of a pregnant woman by a seatbelt might affect fetal outcome, even in minor to moderate frontal vehicle collisions Reviewed

Ishiko, A; Hitosugi, M; Takaso, M; Mizuno, K; Tsuji, S; Ono, T; Kimura, F; Murakami, T

FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL Vol. 302 2019.9

Analysis of pedestrian kinematics and ground impact in traffic accidents using video records Reviewed International coauthorship

Han Yong, Li Quan, Wang Fang, Wang Bingyu, Mizuno Koji, Zhou Qing

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRASHWORTHINESS Vol. 24 ( 2 ) page： 211 - 220 2019.3

Soft tissue injury risk in chest and abdomen of 3YO child based on simulation and animal experiments Reviewed International coauthorship

HAN Yong, PENG Leyuan, PAN Di, TANG Huicong, HUANG Hongwu, MIZUNO Koji

Journal of Mechanical Engineering (in Chinese) Vol. 55 ( 18 ) page： 132 - 141 2019

A ピラー衝突時の自転車用ヘルメットによる脳傷害軽減メカニズムの検討 Reviewed

伊藤大輔, 野場悠佑, 水野幸治

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 50 ( 3 ) page： 838 - 843 2019

The effects of inboard shoulder belt and lap belt loadings on chest deflection

Koji Mizuno, Ryoichi Yoshida, Yutaka Nakajima, Yoshihiko Tanaka, Ryota Ishigaki, Naruyuki Hosokawa, Yoshinori Tanaka, Masahito Hitosugi

Stapp Car Crash Journal Vol. 62 page： 1-25 2018.11

Difference between car-to-cyclist crash and near crash in a perpendicular crash configuration based on driving recorder analysis

Ito Daisuke, Hayakawa Kosei, Kondo Yuma, Mizuno Koji, Thomson Robert, Piccinini Giulio Bianchi, Hosokawa Naruyuki

ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION Vol. 117 page： 1 - 9 2018.8

Analysis of pedestrian-to-ground impact injury risk in vehicle-to-pedestrian collisions based on rotation angles

Shi Liangliang, Han Yong, Huang Hongwu, Li Quan, Wang Bingyu, Mizuno Koji

JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH Vol. 64 page： 37 - 47 2018.2

Study of chest injuries to 3YO child occupants seated in impact shield and 5-point harness CRSs Reviewed

Yong Han, Di Pan, Jun Ouyang, Lei Qian, Koji Mizuno, Anguo Cang

Traffic Injury Prevention Vol. 19 ( 3 ) page： 274 - 279 2018

Validation of Crush Energy Calculation Methods for Use in Accident Reconstructions by Finite Element Analysis Reviewed

3. Sunsuke Numata, Koji Mizuno, Daisuke Ito, Hisashi Kinoshita, Dai Okumura

SAE International Journal of Transportation Safety Vol. 6 ( 2 ) page： 133 - 145 2018

Application of energy derivative method to determine the structural components' contribution on the deceleration in crashes Reviewed

Kei Nagasaka, Koji Mizuno, Robert Thomson

Traffic Injury Prevention Vol. 19 ( 6 ) page： 651 - 656 2018

Soft Tissue Injury Risk in Chest and Abdomen of 3YO Child based on CRS dynamic load

Han Yong, Peng Le Yuan, Pan Di, Tang Hui Cong, Huang Hongwu, Mizuno Koji

2018 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEASURING TECHNOLOGY AND MECHATRONICS AUTOMATION (ICMTMA) page： 545 - 548 2018

Analysis of the equation of motion on the chest of Hybrid III 3YO dummy in dynamic loads

Han Yong, Tang Huicong, Tian Fengyi, Huang Hongwu, Mizuno Koji

2018 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTS & INTELLIGENT SYSTEM (ICRIS 2018) page： 529 - 533 2018

Comparison of chest injury measures of hybrid III dummy Reviewed

Mizuno Koji, Nezaki Shogo, Ito Daisuke

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRASHWORTHINESS Vol. 22 ( 1 ) page： 38 - 48 2017

Proposal of a calculation method to determine the structural components' contribution on the deceleration of a passenger compartment based on the energy-derivative method

Nagasaka Kei, Mizuno Koji, Ito Daisuke, Saida Naoya

TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION Vol. 18 page： S79 - S84 2017

Head protection with cyclist helmet in impact against vehicle A-pillar

Mizuno Koji, Ito Daisuke, Oida Keiji, Kobayashi Goichi, Han Yong

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRASHWORTHINESS Vol. 22 ( 3 ) page： 322 - 331 2017

Constrained Path Optimization in G0+Group Children Restraint System based on UN R129

Peng, LY; Han, Y; Pan, D; Mizuno, K

PROCEEDINGS OF 2017 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEASURING TECHNOLOGY AND MECHATRONICS AUTOMATION (ICMTMA) page： 173 - 176 2017

Research on the Test Simulation Method of Trolley Side Impact of UN R129

Han, Y; Yang, Y; Pan, D; Fang, W; Mizuno, K

PROCEEDINGS OF 2017 9TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEASURING TECHNOLOGY AND MECHATRONICS AUTOMATION (ICMTMA) page： 316 - 318 2017

衝突被害軽減ブレーキによる歩行者の頭部保護効果の検証 Reviewed

シアー・ルーベン，水野幸治，伊藤大輔，一杉正仁

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 48 ( 2 ) page： 399 - 404 2017

カーテンサイドエアバッグが後席チャイルドシート乗員に及ぼす影響 Reviewed

田中良知，細川成之，松井靖浩，山口大助，水野幸治，吉田良一

日本交通科学学会 Vol. 17 ( 2 ) page： 18 - 26 2017

血管を考慮した肝臓有限要素モデルの衝突解析への適用 Reviewed

内田祐一，伊藤大輔，水野幸治

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 48 ( 4 ) page： 891 - 896 2017

エネルギー微分による自動車衝突時の客室の減速度に対する部材寄与度の計算 Reviewed

長坂　圭，水野幸治，伊藤大輔，斉田直也

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 48 ( 4 ) page： 879 - 884 2017

Analysis of injuries requiring ophthalmological check-ups because of frontal vehicle collisions Reviewed

Masahito Hitosugi, Marin Takaso, Atsuko Matsumoto, Takeshi Koseki, Satoshi Furukawa, Koji Mizuno

Romanian Journal of Legal Medicine Vol. 24 ( 4 ) page： 261-265 2016.12

The influence of lower extremity postures on kinematics and injuries of cyclists in vehicle side collisions Reviewed

Koji Mizuno, Hidefumi Yamada, Hiroshi Mizuguchi, Daisuke Ito, Yong Han, Masahito Hitosugi

Traffic Injury and Prevention Vol. 17 ( 6 ) page： 618-624 2016.1

自動車衝突時の下肢姿勢違いにおける自転車乗員の挙動・傷害への影響 Reviewed

水口浩爾，伊藤大輔，水野幸治

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 47 ( 2 ) page： 485 - 490 2016

ダミーの頭部加速度と角速度による頭部軌跡の計算方法 Reviewed

内田祐一，陳一唯, 水野幸治, 伊藤大輔, 吉田良一

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 47 ( 6 ) page： 1399 - 1404 2016

Crash pulse optimization for occupant protection at various impact velocities Reviewed

Daisuke Ito, Yokoi Yusuke, Koji Mizuno

Traffic Injury and Prevention Vol. 16 ( 1 ) page： 62-69 2015.4

自転車乗員の傷害発生に関する分析 Reviewed

伊藤大輔，水野幸治，齋藤大蔵

日本交通科学協議会誌 Vol. 15 ( 2 ) page： 36 - 49 2015

車の客室の衝突時回転による乗員挙動への影響 Reviewed

陳　一唯，水野幸治，伊藤大輔，細川成之，韓　勇

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 47 ( 1 ) page： 171 - 176 2015

自動車前面衝突における乗員の胸部傷害指標の検討 Reviewed

岩田泰樹，伊藤大輔，水野幸治，田中良知

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 47 ( 1 ) page： 793 - 798 2015

自動車衝突時における自転車乗員の挙動・傷害の有限要素解析 Reviewed

山田英史，伊藤大輔，水野幸治

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 46 ( 3 ) page： 639 - 644 2015

Aピラー衝突における自転車ヘルメットによる頭部保護 Reviewed

伊藤大輔，笈田桂治，小林吾一，水野幸治，吉田良一

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 46 ( 2 ) page： 455 - 460 2015

Adult headform impact tests of three Japanese child bicycle helmets in vehicle-cyclist collisions Reviewed

Koji Mizuno, Daisuke Ito, Ryoich Yoshida, Hiroyuki Masuda, Hiroshi Okada, H., Mitsunori Nomura, Chikayo Fujii

Accident Analysis and Prevention Vol. 73 page： 359-372 2014.12

Bumper contact sensor for pedestrian collisions based on analysis of pedestrian kinematic behavior Reviewed

Daisuke Ito, Koji Mizuno, Takaharu Ueyama, Daisuke Nakane, Shingo Wanami

International Journal of Crashworthiness Vol. 19 ( 5 ) page： 514-523 2014.9

ラット落下実験による胸部応答評価と人体有限要素モデルとの比較 Reviewed

伊藤大輔，一杉正仁，本澤養樹，水野幸治

日本交通科学協議会誌 Vol. 14 ( 2 ) page： 15 - 21 2014

Dynamic response and injury risk of pedestrians in mini car collision

Yong Han, Koji Mizuno, Yasuhiro Matsui

Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy Vol. 4 ( 3 ) page： 244-249 2013.9

Analysis of child-vehicle collision injuries by vehicle type Reviewed

Kawato, H., Hitosugi, M., Mizuno, K., Matsui, Y., Tokudome, S.

Journal of Pediatric Surgery Vol. 55 ( 6 ) page： 1588-1592 2013.7

Severity of child pedestrian injuries due to bonnet-type vehicle collisions Reviewed

Pediatrics International Vol. 55 ( 6 ) 2013.5

Simulation study on mechanism of hip fractures in backward falls Reviewed

Hirabayashi, S., Tsuchida, T., Tanaka, E., Mizuno, K

Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering Vol. 8 ( 4 ) 2013

Optimization of vehicle deceleration to Reduce Occupant injury risks in frontal impact, Traffic Injury Prevention Reviewed

Traffic Injury Prevention Vol. 15 ( 1 ) page： 48-55 2013

Effects of vehicle impact velocity, vehicle front-end shapes on pedestrian injury risk

Han, Y., Yang, J., Mizuno, K., Matsui, Y.

Traffic Injury Prevention Vol. 13 ( 5 ) page： 507-518 2012.9

FE analysis of child occupant kinematics in CRS in side oblique impact Reviewed

Yingai Cui, Yamaguchi Masatomo, Koji Mizuno, Yoshinori Tanaka, Ryoich Yoshida

International Journal of Crashworthiness Vol. 17 ( 3 ) page： 233-242 2012.6

A study on chest injury mechanism and the effectiveness of a headform impact test for pedestrian chest protection from vehicle collisions Reviewed

Han, Y., Yang, J., Mizuno, K., Matsui, Y.

Safety Science Vol. 50 ( 5 ) page： 1304-1312 2012.6

Comparison of responses of the Flex-PLI and TRL legform impactors in pedestrian tests Reviewed

Mizuno, K., Ueyama, T., Nakane, D., Wanami, S.

nternational Journal of Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems Vol. 5 page： 203-213 2012.5

Evaluation of mechanical properties of skeletal muscle with strain injury Reviewed

Ito D., Yamamoto S., Tanaka E., Mizuno K.

Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering Vol. 17 ( 2 ) page： 156-167 2012.4

Finite element analysis of kinematic behavior and injuries of pedestrians in vehicle collisions Reviewed

Han, Y., Yang, J., Nishimoto, K., Mizuno, K., Matsui, Y., Nakane, D., Wanamie, S., Hitosugi M.

International Journal of Crashworthiness Vol. 17 ( 2 ) page： 141-152 2012.4

後席乗員の胸部傷害を軽減するための車両減速度の最適化 Reviewed

坂野雄亮，水野幸治，吉田良一

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 43 ( 2 ) page： 237-241 2012.3

側面衝突試験によるCRS 子ども乗員の頭部挙動とスレッド試験による再現 Reviewed

吉田良一，岡田宏，野邑満教，横橋松人，藤居睦代，水野幸治，田中良知，細川成之

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 42 ( 6 ) page： 1335-1340 2011.11

Head Injury Mechanisms of a Child Occupant in a Child Restraint System Based on Side Oblique Impact Tests

Ryoichi Yoshida, Mitsunori Nomura, Hiroshi Okada, Koji Mizuno, Hideki Yonezawa, Yoshinori Tanaka, Naruyuki Hosokawa

Stapp Car Crash Journal Vol. 55 page： 117-139 2011.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

n side collision accidents, the head is the most frequently injured body region for child occupants seated in a child restraint system (CRS). Accident analyses show that a child's head can move out of the CRS shell, make hard contact with the vehicle interior, and thus sustain serious injuries. In order to improve child head protection in side collisions, it is necessary to understand the injury mechanism of a child in the CRS whose head makes contact with the vehicle interior. In this research, an SUV-to-car oblique side crash test was conducted to reconstruct such head contacts. A Q3s child dummy was seated in a CRS in the rear seat of the target car. The Q3s child dummy's head moved out beyond the CRS side wing, moved laterally, and made contact with the side window glass and the doorsill. It was demonstrated that the hard head contact, which produced a high HIC value, could occur in side collisions. A series of sled tests was carried out to reproduce the dummy kinematic behavior observed in the SUV-to-car crash test, and the sled test conditions such as sled angle, ECE seat slant angle and velocity-time history that duplicated the kinematic behavior were determined. A parametric study also was conducted with the sled tests; and it was found that the impact angle, harness slack, chest clip, and the CRS side wing shape affected the torso motion and head contact with the vehicle interior.

Performance of Collision Damage Mitigation Braking Systems and their Effects on Human Injury in the Event of Car-to-Pedestrian Accidents

Yasuhiro Matsui, Yon Hang, Koji Mizuno

Stapp Car Crash Journal Vol. 55 page： 461-477 2011.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The number of traffic deaths in Japan was 4,863 in 2010. Pedestrians account for the highest number (1,714, 35%), and vehicle occupants the second highest (1,602, 33%). Pedestrian protection is a key countermeasure to reduce casualties in traffic accidents. A striking vehicle's impact velocity could be considered a parameter influencing the severity of injury and possibility of death in pedestrian crashes. A collision damage mitigation braking system (CDMBS) using a sensor to detect pedestrians could be effective for reducing the vehicle/pedestrian impact velocity. Currently in Japan, cars equipped with the CDMBS also have vision sensors such as a stereo camera for pedestrian detection. However, the ability of vision sensors in production cars to properly detect pedestrians has not yet been established. The effect of reducing impact velocity on the pedestrian injury risk has also not been determined.
The first objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of the CDMBS in detecting pedestrians when it is installed in production cars. The second objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of reducing impact velocity on mitigating pedestrian injury.
Firstly, impact experiments were performed using a car with the CDMBS in which the car collided with a pedestrian surrogate. In these tests, the velocity was chosen for the various test runs to be 20, 40 and 60 km/h, respectively, which were based on the velocity distribution in real-world pedestrian crashes. The results indicated that the impact velocity reduction ranged approximately from 10 to 15 km/h at the standing location of a pedestrian surrogate at both daytime and nighttime lighting conditions. These results show that the system has the potential to reduce pedestrian casualties from car-to-pedestrian contacts.
Secondly, finite-element analyses were performed simulating vehicle-to-pedestrian impacts with the THUMS pedestrian models. The vehicle models selected for the study included a medium sedan, a minicar, and an SUV. Since head and chest injuries are the most typical causes of pedestrian deaths in car-to-pedestrian accidents, the risk of head and chest injuries was calculated when the impact velocity was reduced from 50 km/h to 40 km/h, 30km/h, and 20 km/h. The results revealed that an impact velocity reduction of 10 km/h mitigated severe pedestrian injury at impact velocities greater than or equal to 40 km/h. Specifically, a significant effect was observed in collisions with the medium sedan and SUV. In Japan, the CDMBS has just started to be installed in medium sedans. The pedestrian injury mitigation will be greatly improved if the system can be applied to various types of vehicles including SUVs in the future.

Severity of vehicle bumper location in vehicle-to-pedestrian impact accidents Reviewed

Matsui, Y., Hitosugi, M., Mizuno, K.

Forensic Science International Vol. 212 ( 1-3 ) page： 205-209 2011.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Pedestrian protection is one of the key topics for safety measures in traffic accidents all over the world. To analyze the relation between the collision site of the vehicle bumper and the severity of the lower extremity injuries, we performed biomechanical experiments. We compared the applied external force and the risks of subsequent injuries between the impact of the center and side positions of the front bumper. These comparisons were performed by practical impact tests with eight typical different types of cars which were typical of the current vehicle fleets. The tests were made using the TRL legform impactor which was a mechanical substitute of a pedestrian lower extremity. The TRL impactor is used all over the world for assessing the safety of car bumpers. It was found that the risks of lower extremity injuries in the impacts at the side positions, in front of the vehicle's side member, were significantly higher than those at the center. In the tests, we found that foam materials around the rigid front cross member had a significant effect on reducing the lower extremity injury risks and especially tibia fracture risk against vehicle bumper center collisions, but had little effect at the sides of the bumper over the vehicle's side members where the foam was thinner. We also found that the front shape of the vehicle affected the risk of ligaments injuries. According to these results, the information of impact locations of cars in vehicle-to-pedestrian traffic accidents is valuable for clinicians to diagnose patients with lower extremity injuries in traffic accidents and for forensic pathologists to analyze the accident reconstruction. Furthermore, the results suggest that testing of the bumper area in front of the main longitudinal beams should be included in the car safety legislation to require pedestrian safety.

DOI： 10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.06.012

歩行者下肢保護試験におけるFLEXとTRLインパクタの応答比較 Reviewed

上山孝治，菊地裕輔，水野幸治，中根大祐，和波真吾

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 42 ( 5 ) page： 1035-1040 2011.9

Effect of Test Conditions on Child Occupant Responses in CRS Reviewed

Koji Mizuno, Takahiro Ikari, Hiroshi Kawahara, Masami Kubota, Susumu Ohsato

International Journal of Automotive Engineering Vol. 2 ( 2 ) page： 26-32 2011.4

Authorship：Lead author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

A child restraint system (CRS) is installed in various vehicles with different seat, seatbelt routing paths, and seatbelt characteristics. In this research, a series of sled tests were conducted using the ECE R44 seat bench utilizing various CRS models under the same crash pulse specified by JNCAP. During the impact in JNCAP, the cushion of the multi-purpose vehicle seat was soft and the CRS rotated, which led to large forward excursions of the CRS and dummy. A trend was observed that there is a linear relationship of the assessment values between the JNCAP tests and the ECE base tests.

Analysis of Maxillofacial Injuries of Vehicle Passengers Involved in Frontal Collisions Reviewed

Masahito Hitosugi, Koji Mizuno, Toshiaki Nagai, Shogo Tokudome

Journal of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery Vol. 69 ( 4 ) page： 1146-1156 2011.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Purpose: To clarify the incidence and mechanisms of maxillofacial injuries sustained by motor vehicle passengers, in-depth data from the Institute for Traffic Accident Research and Data Analysis, Japan, were retrospectively analyzed.
Materials and Methods: From the Institute for Traffic Accident Research and Data Analysis in-depth data for 1993 through 2005, data were collected for 226 individuals with maxillofacial injuries who were adult passengers involved in frontal motor vehicle collisions. The accident information, a subject's medical data, and anatomic Injury Severity Scores were examined.
Results: The median Injury Severity Score was 2, and the mean equivalent barrier speed of the vehicles was 35.2+-13.0 km/hour. The most common maxillofacial injuries were lacerations (46.7%), followed by abrasions (41.9%), fractures (14.0%), and dental injuries (5.7%). Maxillofacial fractures occurred more often in unrestrained drivers without airbag deployment (18.4%) and less often in restrained drivers with airbag deployment (4.3%). The incidences of fractures caused by impacts with areas other than the steering wheel were markedly decreased using any safety device (35.5% to 0%).
Conclusion: Combined use of seat belts and airbags by occupants decreases fractures compared with completely unrestrained occupants. Furthermore, wearing a seat belt prevents the free flight of drivers within a vehicle and contact with the interior of a vehicle (other than the steering wheel). Although the anatomic Injury Severity Score of maxillofacial injuries was relatively low, because these injuries are also associated with socioeconomic costs, the correct use of safety devices and further development of more
effective injury prevention systems are needed.

DOI： 10.1016/j.joms.2010.05.030

Seatbelt Effectiveness for Rear seat Occupants in Frontal Crashes Reviewed

Vol. 16 ( 1 ) page： 63-74 2011.3

Authorship：Lead author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

In Japan, it became mandatory for rear seat occupants to wear seatbelts as of 2008. This paper summarises the results of full car crash tests for rear seat occupants, and compares the kinematics and injury risk to belted and unbelted rear sear occupants in order to show the effectiveness of seatbelts. Full-width rigid barrier and offset frontal impact tests were conducted using Hybrid III fifth percentile female and 3-year-old dummies in belted or unbelted conditions in the rear seat. In both full and offset frontal tests, the injury measures of the belted fifth female and 3-year-old dummies in the rear seat were relatively low
because contact with the car interior was prevented by the seatbelt, although the head injury criterion and the chest deflection of the fifth female dummy were relatively large. In the tests with the fifth female dummy not belted, its knees and head made contact with the front seatback and the head of the front seat dummy, respectively. Due to this impact by the fifth female dummy, the injury measures of the driver dummy became high. The unbelted 3-year-old dummy moved in the passenger compartment, making contact with several locations in the car. These test results were comparable with accident analyses that show high injury risks to the chest of belted rear seat occupants, and high injury risks to the head and lower extremities in unbelted rear seat occupants.

DOI： /10.1080/13588265.2010.514770

有限インパルス応答を適用した衝撃時の乗員応答予測 Reviewed

長坂　圭，水野幸治

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 42 ( 2 ) page： 67-72 2011.3

斜め側突時のCRS子ども乗員の挙動解析 Reviewed

崔　英愛，山口真誠，城戸健太，水野幸治，田中良知，吉田良一

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 42 ( 1 ) page： 67 - 72 2011

FE simulation of frontal crash sled test with ISOFIX child restraint system Reviewed

Vol. 35 ( 5 ) page： 401 - 404 2011

The Effectiveness of Matching of Front Rail Height in Car-to-Car Crashes Reviewed

Koji Mizuno, Yuji Arai

International Journal of Crashworthiness Vol. 15 ( 6 ) page： 571-579 2010.12

Analysis of Loading of Lower Extremities Based on Bending Moment in Car-Pedestrian Collisions Reviewed

Daisuke Nakane, Sadayuki Kuwahara, Yasuhito Ozeki, Junichi Taniguchi, Koji Mizuno

International Journal of Crashworthiness Vol. 15 ( 5 ) page： 481-490 2010.11

Occupant Responses in Child Restraint Systems Subjected to Full-Car Side Impact Tests Reviewed

Hideki Yonezawa, Yoshinori Tanaka, Naruyuki Hosokawa, Yasuhiro Matsui, Koji Mizuno, Ryoichi Yoshida

SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems Vol. 3 ( 1 ) page： 744-767 2010.8

ECE R44試験条件における各種CRSでのHybrid III 3YOとQ3との応答比較に関する考察 Reviewed

田中良知，米澤英樹，細川成之，松井靖浩，水野幸治，山口真誠，吉田良一

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 41 ( 3 ) 2010.5

Countermeasures to Mitigate Head and Neck Injuries to Toddlers in Frontal and Lateral Vehicle Crash Conditions Reviewed

Tanya Kapoor, William Altenhof, Andrew Howard, Anne Snowdon, Jim Rasico, Fuchun Zhu, Koji Mizuno

International Journal of Crashworthiness Vol. 15 ( 1 ) page： 17-37 2010

Basic Parameters Affecting Child Occupant Responses in Side Impact Reviewed

Tanya Kapoor, William Altenhof, Andrew Howard, Anne Snowdon, Jim Rasico, Fuchun Zhu and Koji Mizuno

International Journal of Vehicle Safety Vol. 4 ( 4 ) page： 300-314 2010

有限要素解析に基づく歩行者事故における衝突車両の前面形状が歩行者の胸部傷害に及ぼす影響 Reviewed

松井靖浩，高橋国夫，西本雄俊，水野幸治，一杉正仁，中根大祐，和波真吾

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 41 ( 5 ) page： 1017-1022 2010

Occupant Responses in Child Restraint Systems Subjected to Full-Car Side Impact Tests Reviewed

13. Hideki Yonezawa, Yoshinori Tanaka, Naruyuki Hosokawa, Yasuhiro Matsui, Koji Mizuno, Ryoichi Yoshida

Vol. 3 ( 1 ) page： 744-767 2010

The Kinematic Behavior and Responses of Hybrid III 3YO Dummy and Child Human FE Model in ISOFIX CRS in Frontal Impact Reviewed

Jia Hu, Koji Mizuno

International Journal of Crashworthiness Vol. 14 ( 4 ) page： 391-404 2009.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

An ISOFIX-attached child restraint system (CRS) implements a simple, rigid and standardised attachment to a vehicle seat compared to the conventional-type CRS attached by a vehicle seat belt. The goal of this research is to investigate the kinematic behaviour and responses of a child restrained by an ISOFIX CRS in frontal impact and to investigate the effect of utilising a force limiter in the top tether of the ISOFIX CRS on reducing injury assessment measures. A finite-element (FE) model of a Hybrid III 3-year-old dummy and a child human model restrained by a five-point harness conventional-type CRS (using a vehicle seat belt for installation) and a five-point harness ISOFIX CRS were developed and validated using frontal sled tests. Since the thoracic region of the spine of the human model is flexible as compared to the Hybrid III dummy model, the contact behaviour of the chin and chest differs between the Hybrid III dummy model and the child human model. This behaviour led to different upper neck forces and moments. The energy absorption efficiency of the CRS harness for the chest was calculated to understand the relation with the chest acceleration levels in various usage conditions. A top-tether force limiter proved to be useful. Particularly, the torso of both the Hybrid III dummy model and the child human FE model showed an upright posture in the ISOFIX CRS with a top-tether force limiter, and the head and chest accelerations and upper neck forces and moments were reduced, although the head excursion increased slightly.

Effectiveness of Wearing Seatbelt for Rear Seat Occupants in Full Frontal Rigid Barrier Impact tests Reviewed

Yasuhiro MATSUI, Koji MIZUNO, Takahiro IKARI, Kenichi TOMITA

Vol. 34 ( 1 ) page： 99-106 2009.6

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The purpose of the present study is to clarify the effectiveness of seatbelt for rear seat occupants in frontal crashes. The Hybrid III AF05 and 3 YO dummies were seated in the rear seat with belted or unbelted condition, and full frontal rigid barrier impact tests were
carried out. For the belted AF05 dummy in the rear seat, the injury risk was low, on the other hand, when the AF05 was not belted, risks to head injury and femur fracture were particularly high due to contact with several locations in car interior. When the 3 YO dummy was not restrained by the child restraint systems, the unbelted 3 YO dummy was flied over the front seat, which resulted in the possibility of high injury risk due to contact with several locations in car interior.

Comparison of Human FE Model and Crash Dummy Response in Various Child Restraint Systems Reviewed

Koji Mizuno, Kazuya Iwata, Tatsuya Namikiri, Nobuhiko Tanaka

International Journal of Crashworthiness Vol. 14 ( 2 ) page： 139-149 2009.4

Authorship：Lead author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

In order to investigate injuries to various body regions of a child in detail, a child finite element (FE) model had been developed previously. In this study, a pelvis with a child anatomical structure was newly developed and incorporated into the existing model. In examining a method for modelling the pelvis, it was shown that the anatomical structures of a child should be represented in order to evaluate stress distributions. This updated child FE model was exercised using sled test simulations with various child restraint systems (CRS), such as a 5-point harness, an impact shield and a safety vest. The FE analyses were also conducted using a Hybrid III 3-year-old (3YO) FE model. The main differences between the kinematic
behaviour of the Hybrid III 3YO and child FE models were due to the flexibility of the thoracic spine in the child FE model. In analyses with the 5-point harness and the impact shield CRS, the predicted injury measures were comparable between the two models; whereas in the safety vest the injury measure predictions were noticeably different. It was demonstrated that the child FE model is useful to examine the behaviour, local deformation and stress distributions of a child during impacts, which could be difficult to predict using the Hybrid III 3YO FE model.

*Effectiveness and Evaluation of SEAS of SUV in Frontal Impact Reviewed

Koji Mizuno, Yuji Arai, Kunio Yamazaki, Hidenobu Kubota, Hideki Yonezawa, Nariuki Hosokawa

International Journal of Crashworthiness Vol. 13 ( 5 ) page： 553-541 2008.10

Load Limiting Behaviour in CRS Tether Anchors as a Method to Mitigate Head and Neck Injuries to Children in Frontal Crash Reviewed

Tanya Kapoor, William Altenhof, Miroslav Tot, Wencheng Zhang, Andrew Howard, Jim Rasico, Fuchun Zhu, Koji Mizuno

Traffic Injury Prevention Vol. 9 ( 3 ) page： 243-255 2008

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

This study focuses on methods to reduce injuries, specifically in the head and neck region, sustained by children seated in forward-facing child restraint system during a frontal vehicle crash. The main objective of this research was to implement load-limiting behavior into the upper tether and lower LATCH anchors of the CRS in order to reduce the neck injury criteria by increasing forward head excursion.

Occupant Responses in Child Restraint Systems in Side Impact Tests Reviewed

International Journal of Vehicle Safety Vol. 3 ( 3 ) page： 14-41 2008

Evaluation of Crash Compatibility Based on Car-to-Car Crash Tests Reviewed

Hideki Yonezawa, Naruyuki Hosokawa, Koji Mizuno

International Journal of Vehicle safety Vol. 3 ( 3 ) page： 81-90 2008

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Results of car-to-car crash tests were examined to evaluate crash compatibility. The method of calculating driver scores based on Japan NCAP was applied to the car-to-car crash tests. Self-protection and aggressivity could be evaluated based on the scores of the drivers of both vehicles. It was shown that the compatibility performance of small cars could be demonstrated with the use of delta-V of 60 to 70 km/h.

Evaluation of Lower Extremity Injury Risk Using Pedestrian FE Model and TRL Legform Impactor Reviewed

Koji Mizuno, Keita Okada, Toshio Hosokawa, Sadayuki Kuwahara, Daisuke Nakane

Review of Automotive Engineering Vol. 28 ( 4 ) 2007.10

Authorship：Lead author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

A human finite element (FE) model was used to evaluate injury risks of pedestrian lower extremities in car-to-pedestrian collision. The bending moment diagram and stress diagram of tibia were introduced to investigate loading to leg. Using car models, it was demonstrated that the location of the lower absorber affects loadings on tibia and knee significantly. The FE analysis using TRL legform impactor was also conducted using the same series of car models. The injury criteria of both FE models were compared, and it is suggested that the tibia stress and knee angle in the human FE model tended to increase with increasing of the injury criteria of the TRL impactor.

Finite Element Analysis of Pedestrian Lower Extremity Injuries in Car-to-Pedestrian Impacts Reviewed

Sadayuki Kuwahara, Toshio Hosokawa, Keita Okada, Koji Mizuno

SAE 2007 Transactions Journal of Passenger Cars – Mechanical Systems Vol. V116-6 page： 2007-01-0755 2007.3

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

In order to prevent lower extremity injuries to a pedestrian when struck by a car, it is important to elucidate the loadings from car front structures on the lower extremities and the injury mechanism caused by these loadings. In this udy, using a human finite element (FE)model, a bending moment diagram and a stress diagram of tibia were introduced to examine the effects of loading from car structures. By the lower absorber of the car, the bending moment was distributed over the tibia with small moment at the upper tibia location that can reduce knee injury risk. Certain positions of the lower absorber reduced the tibia fracture risk. An FE analysis of a legform impact test using the TRL legform impactor was also conducted, and a relation was found between the injury criteria of the TRL legform impactor and the human FE model. High acceleration of the TRL legform impactor corresponded to the tibia fracture or MCL rupture of the human FE model.

Microstructural mechanism of skeletal muscle injury and a new constitutive model of skeletal muscle Invited Reviewed

Tanaka, E., Ito, D., Yamamoto, S., Mizuno, K.

Biomechanics at Micro- and Nanoscale Levels Vol. IV page： 141 - 151 2007.1

Pediatric Biomechanics Invited Reviewed

Koji Mizuno

Review of Automotive Engineering Vol. 28 ( 1 ) 2007.1

Authorship：Lead author Language：English

歩行者人体FEモデルとTRL脚部インパクタの傷害評価の比較 Reviewed

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 38 ( 2 ) page： 259-264 2007

歩行者転倒における大腿骨頚部骨折発生機序の生体力学的検討 Reviewed

山本創太，田中英一，窪内靖治，池田武司，水野幸治，原田敦，奥泉宏康

日本機械学会論文集 Vol. 72 ( 723 ) page： 1799-1807 2006.11

Effects of Loading Direction on Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Reviewed

Sota Yamamoto, Akinori Saito, Akinori Ishikawa, Koji Mizuno, Eiichi Tanaka

Vol. 27 ( 3 ) page： 316-329 2006

Case study of a low-velocity pedestrian accident Reviewed

Vol. 2 ( 1 ) page： 316-329 2006

SUVの構造インタラクション改善のための評価試験に関する研究 Reviewed

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 37 ( 6 ) page： 199-204 2006

CRSの拘束方法による人体モデルと衝突ダミーの衝撃応答の比較 Reviewed

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 37 ( 6 ) page： 193-198 2006

Authorship：Lead author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

開発した3歳児人体FEモデルに対して，子供の解剖学的特長を持つ骨盤モデルを組み込んだ．さらに拘束方法の異なる三種類のCRSについて，Hybrid III FEモデルと3歳児人体FEモデルの衝撃応答の比較をおこなった．

Evaluation of Passenger Compartment Strength in Car-to-Car Frontal Crashes Reviewed

Koji Mizuno, Kazumasa Tateishi, Hideki Yonezawa, Hiroko Minda

Vehicle compatibility in automotive crashes Vol. SAE PT102 2005.4

*Development of a Three-Year-Old Child FE Model Reviewed

Koji Mizuno, Kazuya Iwata, Takashi Deguchi, Takashi Ikami, Masami Kubota

Traffic Injury Prevention Vol. 6 ( 4 ) page： 361-371 2005

コンパティビリティの評価試験に関する研究 Reviewed

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 36 ( 6 ) page： 187-192 2005

*Full-Width Test and Overload Test to Evaluate Compatibility Reviewed

Koji Mizuno, Yuji Arai, Masao Notsu

SAE 2005 Transactions, Journal of Passenger Car page： 2005-01-1373 2005

Test Procedures for Vehicle Compatibility Evaluation Reviewed

Koji Mizuno, Yuji Arai, Kunio Yamazaki, Hideki Yonezawa, Masao Notsu

International Journal of Crashworthiness Vol. 10 ( 5 ) 2005

ヒッププロテクタによる大腿骨頸部転倒骨折予防の生体力学的検討 Reviewed

田中英一，山本創太，尾関重宣，水野幸治，原田敦，水野雅士

日本機械学会論文集 Vol. 70 ( 697 ) page： 1193-1200 2004.9

Compartment Strength and Its Evaluation in Car Crashes Reviewed

International Journal of Crashworthiness Vol. 9 ( 5 ) page： 547-557 2004

Finite Element Analysis of Knee Injury Risks in Car-to-Pedestrian Impacts Reviewed

Traffic Injury Prevention Vol. 4 ( 4 ) page： 345-354 2003

子供の歩行者事故とその解析に関する研究 Reviewed

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 34 ( 1 ) page： 145-149 2003

Vehicle Crashworthiness in Full and Offset Frontal Impact Tests Reviewed

Koji Mizuno, Kenji Wani, Hideki Yonezawa

JSAE Review Vol. 24 ( 2 ) page： 173-181 2003

Comparative Analysis of Vehicle-Bicyclist and Vehicle-Pedestrian Accidents in Japan Reviewed

Tetsuo Maki, Janusz Kajzer, Koji Mizuno, Yasufumi Sekine

Accident Analysis & Prevention Vol. 35 ( 6 ) page： 927-940 2003

次世代の側突試験法に関する研究 Reviewed

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 33 ( 2 ) page： 101-106 2002

自転車乗員の頭部衝突位置に関する考察 Reviewed

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 33 ( 1 ) page： 95 - 100 2002

オーバーロード試験による衝突時の客室強度の評価 Reviewed

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 32 ( 4 ) page： 121-126 2001.10

*Head Injuries in Vehicle-Pedestrian Impact Reviewed

Koji Mizuno, Janusz Kajzer

SAE 2000 Transactions, Journal of Passenger Car page： 2000-01-0157 2001

Accident Analysis of Sports Utility Vehicle – Human Factors from Statistic Analysis and Case Study Reviewed

Nobuaki Takubo, Koji Mizuno

JSAE Review Vol. 21 ( 1 ) page： 103-108 2000

コンパティビリティの試験法に関する研究 Reviewed

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 31 ( 4 ) page： 79-84 2000

MADYMOによる軽乗用車の前突安全性の解析 Reviewed

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 30 ( 1 ) page： 139-144 1999.1

*Compatibility Problems in Frontal, Side, Single Car Collisions and Car-to-Pedestrian Accidents in Japan Invited Reviewed

Koji Mizuno, Janusz Kajzer

Accident Analysis & Prevention Vol. 31 ( 4 ) page： 89-99 1999

車体形状が歩行者の傷害に及ぼす影響 Reviewed

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 30 ( 4 ) page： 55 - 60 1999

側面衝突時における車体変形によるエネルギー吸収に関する研究 Reviewed

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 30 ( 4 ) page： 61-66 1999

事故データとシミュレーションによる自動車衝突時のコンパティビリティの解析 Reviewed

水野幸治，ヤヌシュ・カイザー

日本機械学会論文集 Vol. 65 ( 631 ) page： 245-252 1999

車対歩行者衝突時の頭部傷害と衝突部位について Reviewed

自動車技術会論文集 Vol. 30 ( 4 ) page： 67 - 72 1999

The Relationship Between Car Size and Occupant Injury in Traffic Accidents in Japan

Koji Mizuno, Hideki Yonezawa, Tetsuhiro Umeda

SAE Transactions Vol. 16 1998

Compatibility Analysis of Mini Cars in Frontal Collisions Using MADYMO

International Journal of Crash worthiness Vol. 3 page： 2 1998

The Effect of Vehicle Mass in Car-to-Car Collisions

SAE Transactions Vol. 15 1997

The Relationship Between Car Size and Occupant Injury in Collisions

Transaction of Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan Vol. 28 page： 4 1997

The Effect of Vehicle Mass on Occupant's Injury in Car-to-Car Collisions Reviewed

Transaction of Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan Vol. 27 page： 3 1996

Study on the Effects of Motorcycle Anti-Lock-Braking System for Skilled and Less-Skilled Riders Reviewed

Yoshinori Toyofuku, Kazuo Matsushima, Yasuhiko Irie, Hideki Yonezawa, Koji Mizuno

JSAE Review Vol. 15 page： 223-228 1994

Characterization of Thermal Stresses in Ceramic/Metal-Joint

Journal of the Faculty of Engineering, the University of Tokyo Vol. 39 ( 4 ) page： 401-412 1988

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