Faculty Profiles - OHIRA, Hideki

Papers - OHIRA, Hideki

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Robot as Moral Agent: A Philosophical and Empirical Approach. Reviewed

Shoji Nagataki, Masayoshi Shibata, Tatsuya Kashiwabata, Takashi Hashimoto, Takeshi Konno, Hideki Ohira, Toshihiko Miura, Shinichi Kubota

Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, CogSci 2017, London, UK, 16-29 July 2017 2017

Heart-rate deceleration predicting the determination of costly punishment: Implications for its involvement in cognitive effort expended in overriding self-interest Reviewed

Takahiro Osumi, Hideki Ohira

International Journal of Psychophysiology Vol. 109 page： 29 - 36 2016.11

Self-Other Distinction Enhanced Empathic Responses in Individuals with Alexithymia Reviewed

Natsuki Saito, Takemasa Yokoyama, Hideki Ohira

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS Vol. 6 page： 35059 2016.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP

Although empathy is important for social interactions, individuals with alexithymia have low empathic ability, particularly where advanced empathy is concerned (empathic concern, perspective taking). It has been argued that awareness of the self-other distinction enhances advanced empathy, and alexithymics are thought to inadequately distinguish the self from others. We therefore tested whether the self-other distinction increases advanced empathy in alexithymics. To this end, we presented painful hand images over participants' own hands, and required participants to estimate felt pain intensity and their affective states. Half of the participants got specific instructions to distinct themselves from the other in the images. Felt pain intensity (perspective taking) and other-oriented affective responses (empathic concern) were increased by the instructions only when participants had high alexithymia scores as measured by questionnaire, although self-oriented affective responses (personal distress) were not affected by the instructions. These findings indicate that enhancing the self-other distinction enhances alexithymics' ability to use advanced empathy, but not the primitive empathy.

DOI： 10.1038/srep35059

Web of Science

Scopus

PubMed

Prolonged Effects of Acute Stress on Decision-Making under Risk: A Human Psychophysiological Study

Yamakawa Kaori, Ohira Hideki, Matsunaga Masahiro, Isowa Tokiko

FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE Vol. 10 2016.9

Prolonged effects of acute stress on decision-making under risk: A human psychophysiological study

Yamakawa K., Ohira H., Matsunaga M., Isowa T.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience Vol. 10 ( SEP2016 ) 2016.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

This study investigates the prolonged effects of physiological responses induced by acute stress on risk-taking in decision-making. Participants were divided into a Stress group (N = 14) and a Control group (N = 12). The Trier Social Stress Test was administered as an acute stressor, and reading was administered as a control task; thereafter, participants performed a decision-making task in which they needed to choose a sure option or a gamble option in Gain and Loss frame trials 2 h after (non-) exposure to the stressor. Increased cortisol, adrenaline, heart rate (HR), and subjective stress levels validated acute stress manipulation. Stressed participants made fewer risky choices only in the Gain domain, whereas no effect of stress was shown in the Loss domain. Deceleration of HR reflecting attention was greater for Gains compared with Losses only in the Stress group. Risk avoidance was determined by increased levels of cortisol caused by acute stress. These results suggest that processes regarding glucocorticoid might be involved in the prolonged effects of acute stress on the evaluation of risks and the monitoring of outcomes in decision-making.

DOI： 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00444

Scopus

Prolonged Effects of Acute Stress on Decision-Making under Risk: A Human Psychophysiological Study Reviewed

Kaori Yamakawa, Hideki Ohira, Masahiro Matsunaga, Tokiko Isowa

FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE Vol. 10 2016.9

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：FRONTIERS MEDIA SA

DOI： 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00444

Web of Science

Introduction

OHIRA Hideki

Japanese Journal of Physiological Psychology and Psychophysiology Vol. 34 ( 2 ) page： 63 - 63 2016.8

Recent advances of research on emotion in Japan

Ohira Hideki

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY Vol. 51 page： 529 - 529 2016.7

Interoception and affective decision-making

Ohira Hideki

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY Vol. 51 page： 529 - 529 2016.7

Fast and slow changes: Comparison of psychological and physiological outcomes between 5, 10, and 20 minutes of aroma massage

Maki Uraguchi, Hideki Ohira

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY Vol. 51 page： 292 - 293 2016.7

Effect of emotional arousal at memory encoding on the subliminal Concealed Information Test (CIT) using Event related potential and Reaction time

Akemi Osugi, Hideki Ohira

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY Vol. 51 page： 930 - 930 2016.7

Three-year follow-up outcomes of SES and PES in a randomized controlled study stratified by the presence of diabetes mellitus: J-DEsSERT trial

Nakamura M., Muramatsu T., Yokoi H., Okada H., Ochiai M., Suwa S., Hozawa H., Kawai K., Awata M., Mukawa H., Fujita H., Shiode N., Asano R., Tsukamoto Y., Yamada T., Yasumura Y., Ohira H., Miyamoto A., Takashima H., Ogawa T., Ito S., Matsuyama Y., Nanto S.

International Journal of Cardiology Vol. 208 page： 4 - 12 2016.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：International Journal of Cardiology

Background Three-year clinical follow-up of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in the Japan-Drug Eluting Stents Evaluation; a Randomized Trial (J-DESsERT) using 2 different drug eluting stents (DES). A recent study demonstrated that efficacy of sirolimus eluting stents (SES) attenuated over time in diabetic patients. Methods In the largest trial of its kind, 1724 DM patients out of 3533 enrolled patients were randomized to either SES or paclitaxel eluting stents (PES). Results There were no significant differences in baseline clinical characteristics aside from hypertension. Incidence of major adverse cardiac cerebrovascular events (MACCE) mainly due to higher target vessel failure (TVF) initially indicated a benefit in SES (MACCE rate at 1 year: SES 9.4%, PES 12.2%, p = 0.08); however this had attenuated by the time of the 3-year follow-up (MACCE rate from 1 to 3 years: SES 8.4%, PES 6.1%, p = 0.10). A similar pattern was observed in insulin-treated patients: MACCE rate from 1 to 3 years was 10.5% in SES and 6.4% in PES (p = 0.25). Angiographic follow-up also resulted in higher major adverse cardiac event (MACE) rates at 1 year (presence 11.5%, absence 8.3%, p = 0.04); however by 3 years rates were similar regardless of the presence of angiographic follow-up (MACE rate at 3 years: presence 16.0%, absence 14.5%, p = 0.35). Conclusions The superiority of SES over PES in MACCE at 1 year had attenuated by 3-year follow-up. Eventually, the 3-year safety and efficacy profiles were similar regardless of insulin treatment.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.01.023

Scopus

Effects of short-duration aromatherapy massage on anxiety and self-esteem: A pilot study with 20-, 10-, and 5-minute sessions

URAGUCHI Maki, OHIRA Hideki

Japan Journal of Aromatherapy Vol. 16 ( 2 ) page： 42 - 51 2016.3

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Aroma Environment Association of Japan

This study evaluated the effects of short-duration aromatherapy massage (AM) on state anxiety and state self-esteem. Six healthy graduate students completed a 5-min pre-rest and either an AM or rest intervention followed by a 15-min post-rest before going to a desk. They filled out self-report measures of state anxiety and state self-esteem at three points: after the pre-rest, after the intervention, and after moving to the desk. Each received six interventions: 20-min, 10-min, and 5-min AM and 20-min, 10-min, and 5-min rest. Sweet orange essential oil was used in all AM interventions. Both state anxiety (p=.007) and state self-esteem (p=.047) after moving to the desk differed significantly between AM and rest conditions. In the AM condition, state anxiety decreased significantly (p=.024) and state self-esteem increased significantly (p=.038). State anxiety, but not state self-esteem, differed significantly between AM and rest conditions in all three durations. In a correlation analysis, state self-esteem noticeably differed between AM and rest conditions only in the 20-min condition. Results suggest that state anxiety may be reduced by a 5-min AM but state self-esteem may require a lengthier intervention.

DOI： 10.15035/aeaj.160203

CiNii Research

Involvement of the Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Learning Others' Bad Reputations and Indelible Distrust

Atsunobu Suzuki, Yuichi Ito, Sachiko Kiyama, Mitsunobu Kunimi, Hideki Ohira, Jun Kawaguchi, Hiroki C. Tanabe, Toshiharu Nakai

FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE Vol. 10 ( FEB2016 ) page： 28 2016.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：FRONTIERS MEDIA SA

A bad reputation can persistently affect judgments of an individual even when it turns out to be invalid and ought to be disregarded. Such indelible distrust may reflect that the negative evaluation elicited by a bad reputation transfers to a person. Consequently, the person him/herself may come to activate this negative evaluation irrespective of the accuracy of the reputation. If this theoretical model is correct, an evaluation-related brain region will be activated when witnessing a person whose bad reputation one has learned about, regardless of whether the reputation is deemed valid or not. Here, we tested this neural hypothesis with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Participants memorized faces paired with either a good or a bad reputation. Next, they viewed the faces alone and inferred whether each person was likely to cooperate, first while retrieving the reputations, and then while trying to disregard them as false. A region of the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vIPFC), which may be involved in negative evaluation, was activated by faces previously paired with bad reputations, irrespective of whether participants attempted to retrieve or disregard these reputations. Furthermore, participants showing greater activity of the left ventrolateral prefrontal region in response to the faces with bad reputations were more likely to infer that these individuals would not cooperate. Thus, once associated with a bad reputation, a person may elicit evaluation related brain responses on their own, thereby evoking distrust independently of their reputation.

DOI： 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00028

Web of Science

Scopus

PubMed

Prolonged effects of acute stress on decision-making under risk : A human psychophysiological study Reviewed

Yamakawa, K., Matsunaga, M., Ohira, H. & Isowa, T.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience Vol. 10 2016

Mechanism underlying synchronization of brain activity: Comments on Sadato’s article

Ohira Hideki

JAPANESE PSYCHOLOGICAL REVIEW Vol. 59 ( 3 ) page： 283 - 291 2016

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：JAPANESE PSYCHOLOGICAL REVIEW

Studies using hyperscanning have reported coordination of behaviors among 2 persons who performed interactive tasks. Synchronization of brain activity is an underlying mechanism of behavioral coordination. This article proposes a mathematical model (the “Kuramoto model”) which describes a phenomenon called entrainment of oscillator to explain how synchronization of brain activity emerges and which factors affect brain synchronization. A model, including 4 oscillators (inferior frontal gyri and middle temporal gyri in 2 persons) suggested that 1) similarity of oscillation frequencies in brain regions is critical for synchronization of brain activity, 2) patients on the autism spectrum might have different oscillation frequencies in their brain regions resulting in impairment of fluent communication, and 3) learning of important pathways from one person to another person can facilitate synchronization of brain activity, and thus probably can improve communication and behavioral coordination.

DOI： 10.24602/sjpr.59.3_283

CiNii Research

幸福感を高める心理学的介入による心身の健康の増進

松永昌宏, 小林章雄, 柴田英治, 大竹恵子, 大平英樹

Medical Science Digest Vol. 42 ( 1 ) page： 2 - 5 2016

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (other academic) Publisher：(株)ニュー・サイエンス社

本研究では、幸福感を高めるような心理学的介入の心身の健康状態に対する効果を検証した。実験の結果、毎日起きた出来事について、その時感じた自分の感情を素直に記述して一日を振り返るという、感情体験の自己開示を1週間行うことにより、幸福感の上昇、うつ症状の減少、身体的活性化(交感神経活動の上昇)を促すことが示された。また、幸福感の変化と唾液中CRP濃度(炎症マーカー)・sIgA濃度(免疫機能マーカー)との間に相関が認められた。本研究により、筆記による感情体験の自己開示は心身の健康状態を増進させることが示された。(著者抄録)

Decision-making and physiological responses in public goods game

Saito Natsuki, Ando Yuki, Ohira Hideki

Journal of Human Environmental Studies Vol. 14 ( 1 ) page： 17 - 22 2016

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Society for Human Environmental Studies

A social dilemma has been defined as a situation in which (a) each group member receives a higher payoff for defecting than for cooperative behaviors, and (b) all group members receive a lower payoff if they all defect than if they all cooperate (Dawes, 1980). The free-rider problem is associated with this social dilemma. The public goods game (PGG) is a decision-making task simulating the above social dilemma, and a number of previous studies have indicated that introducing punishment increases cooperation in the PGG. Although many studies have indicated that physiological responses affected by participants' behaviors when performing punishment-related tasks, this association has not been investigated to date in relation to PGG. Therefore, we investigated physiological responses in the PGG to elucidate the association between physiological responses and choices in the PGG. Participants performed both an ordinary PGG and a PGG that included probabilistic punishment. Heart rate (HR) responses were compared when participants contributed and did not contribute in the two types of PGGs. Results indicated that when others' choices were presented in the ordinary PGG, peak HR acceleration was higher after participants choose a non-cooperative behavior than a cooperative behavior, whereas when others' choices were presented in PGG with punishment, HR decelerated after participants choose a non-cooperative behavior than a cooperative behavior. These results suggest that cooperative behaviors in PGG with punishment are associated with punishment given to others, whereas cooperative behaviors in the PGG without punishment are associated with larger rewards without costs. These findings extend our understanding of the relationship between cooperative behaviors and physiological responses associated with social dilemmas.

DOI： 10.4189/shes.14.17

CiNii Research

Value, prediction, and error: Decision-making systems underlying social mind Reviewed

Ohira Hideki

Emotion Studies Vol. 2 ( 1 ) page： 46 - 55 2016

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japan Society for Research on Emotions

Though brain regions which are related to social behaviors and social affects have been widely elucidated, the mechanisms how those regions determine social mind are not understood. Here I suggest that a theoretical framework inspired by research on decision-making and reinforcement learning might be useful to consider the mechanisms underlying human’s social mind. Specifically, it has been argued that three systems of decision-making, the Pavlovian system, goal-directed system, and habit system interact, based on evaluation of values, to determine wide ranges of behaviors of humans and animals. The present article proposes that such framework can be expanded to social behaviors and social affect, to shed new lights on interpretations of significance of the social phenomena and to draw new hypotheses for future empirical studies.

DOI： 10.20797/ems.2.1_46

CiNii Research

Prolonged Effects of Acute Stress on Decision-Making under Risk: A Human Psychophysiological Study.

Yamakawa K, Ohira H, Matsunaga M, Isowa T

Frontiers in human neuroscience Vol. 10 page： 444 2016

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