Faculty Profiles - NARUSE Ichiro

Papers - NARUSE Ichiro

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Reduction of pollutants from diesel exhaust by high pressure gas injection

KAWAI Daizaburo, MKILAHA Iddi S. N., OSAWA Takuya, NARUSE Ichiro, OHTAKE Kazutomo

Vol. 18 ( 3 ) page： 241 - 245 1997.7

Simultaneous reduction of particulate matter and NO<inf>x</inf> in a diesel engine by compressed gas injection: Macroscopic study at residual load

Mkilaha I.S.N., Inoue M., Kawai D., Naruse I., Ohtake K.

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering Vol. 211 ( 3 ) page： 227 - 236 1997

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering

A modified pre-chamber of an indirect injection (IDI) diesel engine was used to elucidate the influence on emissions of compressed air injection into the pre-chamber during combustion. The test parameters were air injection timing and arrangements of gas injection. This paper presents the experimental results for two types of injection arrangements; I- and Y-type. The I-type is arranged such that the gas injection jet and fuel injection nozzle are in opposite directions, while the Y-type is such that it forms a 'Y' shape with the nozzle and the passageway. Results obtained reveal that the Y-type arrangement is superior in combustion characteristics and emissions reduction to the I-type. A remarkable reduction in both particulate matter (PM) and NOx is realized at air injection timings during 35° and 65° after top dead centre (ATDC). The reduction mechanism can be explained as due to the induced turbulence which improves mixing and heat transfer. The effect of the modifications on the performance of the engine was evaluated based on the fuel economy and efficiency. This evaluation has shown that the test cylinder approximates closely to the normal cylinder of the original engine. © IMechE 1997.

DOI： 10.1243/0954407971526380

Scopus

燃焼プロセスにおける有害金属の生成機構とその制御 : アメリカにおける研究動向

成瀬一郎

日本機械学会誌 Vol. 100 ( 947 ) page： 1108 1997

Fundamental Study on Combustion Characteristics of Biobriquette.

Lu Guo-Qing, Toyama Tetsuya, Kim Hee-Joon, Naruse Ichiro, Ohtake Kazutomo, Kamide Mitsushi

KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU Vol. 23 ( 3 ) page： 404 - 412 1997

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

Characteristics of pyrolysis and combustion of biobriquettes were studied by using an electrically heated batch combustor. The influences of biomass content of the biobriquette on the combustion characteristics which were obtained by measuring the fuel consumption profile and the experimental results were analyzed by both volume and shrinking-core reaction models. The following conclusions were obtained (1) total volatile matter content in the biobriquette was directly proportional to its biomass content. Biomass in the biobriquette promotes ignitability and burning rate of low grade coal ; (2) combustion time history was divided into two stages, in which volatile matter mainly evolved and burned to lead fixed carbon combustion ; (3) in the former stage, the reaction rate constant and its order always remained linear related to biomass content ; (4) in the latter stage, the combustion behavior may be simulated by using the shrinking-core reaction model and the reaction was controlled by oxygen diffusion through both the gas boundary layer film and the ash layer almost evenly, and ash layer diffusion coefficients were also linear related to biomass content.

DOI： 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.23.404

Scopus

CiNii Research

Computation Transport Phenomena in Chemical Engineering. Influence of Coal Type and Briquetting Conditions on Combustion Rate of Biobriquette.

Lu Guo-Qing, Kim Hee-Joon, Naruse Ichiro, Ohtake Kazutomo, Kamide Mitsushi

KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU Vol. 23 ( 6 ) page： 954 - 961 1997

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

The combustion time history of a biobriquette is divided into two stages in which volatile matter content mainly evolves and burns prior to char combustion. The volume model for the former stage and the shrinking-core reaction model for the latter stage are employed to calculate the combustion rate of the biobriquette. In this study, the influence of briquette shape, compression pressure and types of coal on the combustion rate are investigated by using the two models and experimental data. The shapes of spherical and cylindrical biobriquettes hardly influence the combustion behavior of the biobriquette (if they have same diameter and the length of cylinder is equal to its diameter). Compression pressure has no effect on the rate of the former stage but gave obvious effect on the latter stage through the density change of the biobriquette when it is under about 245 MPa. The reaction rate constant and its order vary linearly with the fuel ratio of coal briquette in the former stage. The type of coal and compression pressure have a larger influence on the rate of the latter stage due to different porosity in the ash layer. Finally, the combustion rate can be analyzed by the obtained models and semi-empirical equation.

DOI： 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.23.954

Scopus

CiNii Research

Fundamentals on Evaporation of Alkali Compounds.

Noda Reiji, Takano Tsuyoshi, Naruse Ichiro, Ohtake Kazutomo

KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU Vol. 23 ( 5 ) page： 635 - 643 1997

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

In order to obtain fundamental data for alkali metal vaporization, the evaporation rate of alkali chlorides and alkali sulfates (NaCl, KCl, Na2SO4, K2SO4), which are major alkali compounds present in coal, were measured under inert, oxidizing and reducing atmosphere by using a thermobalance. A diffusion model was applied to obtain alkali metal evaporation data and identify an evaporating path and a rate controlling phenomena. Alkali chlorides evaporated as monomers and dimers. The evaporation rate is explained by a diffusion model. In the case of alkali sulfates, a dissociation reaction occurred simultaneously with evaporation as monomer. In inert and oxidizing atmospheres, the dissociation reaction was represented as M2SO4⇒2M+SO2+O2 Evaporation rates can be calculated by a diffusion model in oxidizing atmosphere. In an inert atmosphere, however, when dissociation becames remarkable evaporation rate is controlled by the dissociation rate. Under a reducing atmosphere the expected reaction was represented as M2SO4+2CO⇒2M+SO2+2CO2 This reaction does not reach equilibrium, so that the following reactions controll evaporation rate. M2SO4⇒2M+COS+5CO2 COS+2CO2⇒SO2+3CO

DOI： 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.23.635

Scopus

CiNii Research

2. 燃焼・燃料 : 2・5 固体燃料 (機械工学年鑑(1994年)熱工学)

成瀬一郎

日本機械学會論文集. B編 Vol. 61 ( 588 ) page： 2780 - 2781 1995.8

4-1. Characteristics of Biobriquette Combustion and Desulfurization of Shell

NARUSE Ichiro

Proceedings of the Annual Conference of The Japan Institute of Energy Vol. 4 ( 0 ) page： 103 - 106 1995

Characteristics of Desulfurization Reaction by Shells.

Naruse Ichiro, Nishimura Kiyoshi, Ohtake Kazutomo, Kawabe Teisuke

KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU Vol. 21 ( 5 ) page： 904 - 909 1995

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

Desulfurization characteristics of shells (scallop (Hotate), short-necked clam (Asari) and oyster (Kaki)) were studied by using a thermobalance and compared to the results obtained by limestones (Tsukumi-and Funao-Brand) currently used as desulfurizers. First, such physical and chemical properties of these samples as specific surface area, pore size distribution and chemical constituents are identified. In the thermobalance experiments the calcination temperature, the rate of temperature increase to this point, and the desulfurizing temperature are changed, and the particle diameter is fixed in the range of 297-420 μm. After calcination is carried out in N2 gas, the sample is sulfurized in SO2+O2 gas in N2 balance. The cross-sectional sulfur distribution within the reacted particle is measured by a two-dimensional XMA. Results show there is no correlation between the desulfurization efficiency and the specific surface area. However the desulfurization efficiency depends on the pore size distribution. The desulfurization efficiency of shells becomes higher than that of limestones. In the case of limestone, sulfur is only trapped near the particle surface since the micro-pores are plugged due to CaSO4. In the case of the shells, however, the sulfur is distributed over the whole body.

DOI： 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.21.904

CiNii Research

Study of N2O Formation Characteristics in Char Combustion.

Kuramoto Koji, Koizumi Kazuhiro, Naruse Ichiro, Ohtake Kazutomo

KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU Vol. 20 ( 4 ) page： 482 - 488 1994

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

Formation/destruction characteristics of nitrous oxide (N2O) in bubbling fluidized-bed coal combustion, especially in char combustion, were experimentally studied, using a fixed-bed reactor in which char particles were packed in a single layer. In the combustion experiment, such combustion parameters as bed temperature, supplied oxygen concentration and char type were varied. The change of gas species concentration and compositions in the burning char were analyzed during the char combustion process. In the initial stage of char combustion, NO was produced rapidly, but N2O concentration increased slowly. This result is caused by N2O destruction due to H radical, which is produced from the oxidation of CO. In the latter half of combustion, however, N2O concentration increased faster since the formation rate of H radical decreased. The N2O concentration increased with decreasing bed temperature and with increasing supplied O2 concentration. This tendency is similar to that in the volatile combustion. From chemical and physical analyses of the burning char particles, the evolution behavior of N-component is influenced by the difference in surface and internal structures (network or balloon type) during the char combustion.

DOI： 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.20.482

CiNii Research

Fossil Energy. Characteristics of N2O Formation/Destruction in Low Temperature Pulverized Coal Combustion.

Naruse Ichiro, Yamamoto Yasuyukim, Itoh Hirofumi, Ohtake Kazutomo

KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU Vol. 20 ( 6 ) page： 843 - 848 1994

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

One of the main sources of N2O production is considered to be exhaust gas released from low temperature coal combustors. In this study N2O formation/destruction characteristics in pulverized coal combustion under low temperature condition are discussed by changing coal types. The experimental apparatus is a one dimensional electrically heated laminar flow reactor. By calculating the mass balance of nitrogen included in both the sampled burning particles and combustion gas, the effect of gas species including nitrogen (HCN and NH3) on N2O formation is studied experimentally. N2O is mainly produced during volatile matter combustion. Coals which emit more HCN than NH3 produce higher N2O concentration. After volatile matter combustion, N2O concentration increases again and NO concentration decreases gradually. This result can be explained by means of the mass balance of nitrogen. An increase in N2O in char combustion may be caused not only by the reaction between NO and carbon in char : NO + (char-C) -NCO and NCO + NO→N2O +CO, but also the reaction between nitrogen in char and NO : (char-N) +NO→N2O. The conversion from fuel nitrogen to N2O increases with a decrease in the burning fraction and with a decrease in the fuel ratio. This tendency depends on the difference of temperature and combustion atmosphere surrounding coal particles.

DOI： 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.20.843

CiNii Research

Formation Characteristics and Mechanisms of N2O in Bubbling Fluidized-Bed Coal Combustion.

Naruse Ichiro, Imanari Masao, Koizumi Kazuhiro, Yuan Jian-Wei, Ohtake Kazutomo

KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU Vol. 20 ( 2 ) page： 178 - 185 1994

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

Characteristics and mechanisms of N2O formation/destruction in bubbling fluidized-bed coal combustion were studied experimentally and theoretically. Combustion experiments were carried out to find the influence of bed temperature, combustion stoichiometry, coal type and feeding method of coal particles on N2O formation. To obtain get a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of N2O formation/destruction, the homogeneous volatile combustion in the freeboard were simulated numerically. The effect of bed temperature, combustion stoichiometry and volatile-N species on N2O formation and the controlling reactions of N2O formation/destruction are analyzed. This study finds that N2O concentration increases with decreasing bed temperature and with increasing combustion stoichiometry. On the other hand, NO concentration changes little against bed temperature, but increases with increasing combustion stoichiometry. N2O seems to be mainly formed from the volatile matter combustion. HCN and NH3, evolved as volatile-N species, strongly contribute to form N2O as well as NO. Especially, HCN contributes more to forming N2O than does NH3. On the other hand, H radicals produced by the oxidation reactions of CO and H2 promote the destruction of N2O.

DOI： 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.20.178

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CiNii Research

Formation and Decomposition of Nitrous Oxide from a Circulating Fluidized-Bed Coal Combustor.

HIRAMA Toshimasa, HOSODA Hideo, MORITOMI Hiroshi, SUZUKI Yoshizo, HARADA Michiaki, SHIMIZU Tadaaki, NARUSE Ichiro

Journal of the Japan Institute of Energy Vol. 72 ( 4 ) page： 252 - 262 1993

Combustion Rate Analysis of Fly Ash Containing Unburned Carbon.

Chen Yong, Matsuda Hitoki, Hasatani Masanobu, Kondo Kiyoshi, Naruse Ichiro

KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU Vol. 19 ( 1 ) page： 48 - 54 1993

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

The combustibility of finely powdered fly ash A and B, discharged from a combustion furnace operated at 1673 K and a fluidized-bed combustor at 1123 K, respectively, was investigated by applying nonisothermal reaction analysis with a thermo-gravimeter. The combustion experiments were carried out in an atmosphere of air flow under the following conditions : sample size < 37μm, heating rate 1-1000 K/min, and temperature up to 1173K. The results obtained are as follows. 1) When heating rate is below 2 K/min the combustion becomes reaction-controlled; when it is above 700 K/min the combustion becomes diffusion-controlled. 2) The combustion reaction parameters and effective diffusivity of oxygen in ash were fly ash A : E 70.1 (kJ/mol), A=0.71 (Us kPa), Dc =1.66× 10-5 (cm2/s) fly ash B : E = 82.0 (kJ / mol), A=13.3 (1/s kPa), Dc= 1.94×10-5 (cm2/s) 3) The combustibility of fly ash A is sampller than that of char A. It was observed that part of the unburned carbon in fly ash A was converted to graphite. 4) The combustibility of fly ash B is slightly greater than that of char B. This difference was considered to be caused by the difference in specific surface area of unburned carbon between char B and fly ash B.

DOI： 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.19.48

CiNii Research

Study on N<inf>2</inf>O formation/destruction characteristics in coal combustion under a wide temperature range

Naruse I., Yamamoto Y., Imanari M., Yuan J., Ohtake K.

Symposium (International) on Combustion Vol. 24 ( 1 ) page： 1415 - 1421 1992

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Symposium (International) on Combustion

Characteristics of N2O formation/destruction in coal combustion are studied experimentally and theoretically over a wide range of combustion temperature. The combustion experiments are carried out in pulverized (1200-1700 K) and bubbling fluidized bed (1000-1200 K) coal combustors to find the influence of combustion temperature, combustion air ratio and coal type on N2O formation. The effect of catalytic reactions by char, CaO and stainless steel particles on the N2O destruction reaction are also tested by using a packed bed reactor. In order to get a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of N2O formation/destruction, numerical simulations are carried out for homogeneous volatile combustion and for combustion of single coal particles. The controlling reactions of N2O formation/destruction are analyzed. The experimental and numerical study found that N2O was mainly formed from the volatiles combustion. The low temperature and oxidizing atmosphere favor N2O formation. N2O concentration increases with decreasing temperature and with increasing air ratio. HCN and NH3, evolved as volatile-N species, make important contributions to the formation of N2O as well as NO. Especially, HCN contributes more to the formation of N2O than NH3 in the low temperature range. On the other hand, H radicals produced by the oxidation reactions of CO and H2 promote the destruction of N2O. Char, CaO and stainless steel particles also act as N2O destruction catalysts. © 1992 Combustion Institute.

DOI： 10.1016/S0082-0784(06)80165-7

Scopus

Gas-Solid Interfacial Heat Transfer in Circulating Fluidized Beds.

Watanabe Tomohide, Chen Yong, Naruse Ichiro, Hasatani Masanobu

KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU Vol. 18 ( 5 ) page： 600 - 606 1992

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

The local and the average heat transfer coefficients between gas and solid particles in a circulating fluidized bed were estimated by temperature profiles by use of the heat balance equation. Characteristics of interfacial heat transfer were studied on an experimental basis. The local heat transfer coefficient showed high value near the bottom of the riser. Above this elevation the local heat transfer coefficient gradually decreased to a constant value. The coefficient is influenced by a change in slip velocity between gas and solid particles. The average heat transfer coefficient was well correlated with the particle Reynolds number with slip velocity. The Nusselt number obtained in the circulating fluidized bed condition was low comparing with that in the pneumatic conveying and bubbling fluidized bed conditions. The Nusselt number decreased with an increase in total particle hold -up in the riser. These results suggest that heat transfer between gas and solid particles in the circulating fluidized bed condition depends on the solid particle behavior and gas flow characteristics.

DOI： 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.18.600

CiNii Research

Development of Oil Leakage Detector for Dynamos and Transformers.

Naruse Ichiro, Inoue Toshio, Sakai Matsushige, Yasui Kiyoshi, Hasatani Masanobu

KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU Vol. 18 ( 5 ) page： 562 - 569 1992

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

To detect oil leakage in a dynamo or transformer, a direct and simple method is proposed in this study. The oil leakage detector was manufactured and tested as a labo -scale experiment. Sample insulation, lubrication and control oils were used. Based on the results obtained, the detector was applied to a practical dynamo and transformer. To study the coloring mechanism of the detector, important chemical species included in those oils were identified by using an FID gas chromatograph, a GC mass -spectral analyzer and a nuclear magnetic resonance analyzer. Labo -scale experiments showed that a detector combining a coloring matter with a developed color was usable for leakage detection of the three kinds of oil used. Water did not interrupt the oil leakage signal detected. From measurements of detail chemical properties the key coloring component was an aromatic proton. Before doing practical tests such the safety of the detector as the electric resistance, the destructive voltage of insulation and the temperature characteristics was confirmed in advance. The detector was able to defect oil leakage in practical use.

DOI： 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.18.562

CiNii Research

Optical Simultaneous and Separate Measurement of Particle and Gas Temperature in Pulverized Coal Combustion Fields.

Yamamoto Yasuyuki, Goto Katsuji, Ichimaru Hiroshi, Naruse Ichiro, Ohtake Kazutomo

KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU Vol. 18 ( 5 ) page： 643 - 651 1992

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

An optical method to measure particle and gas temperatures simultaneously and separately was proposed in order to study a combustion mechanism in pulverized coal combustion fields. The particle temperature was measured by high-speed two-color thermometry. The gas temperature was measured by an Na-D line reversal method. The CT method was used to (computed tomography) estimate the cross-sectional tem-perature distributions along the pulverized coal combustion field. Attenuation of radiation by the particles along the optical path was taken into account in the temperature calculation. The applicability of this method was demonstrated by computer simulations for artificial temperature and particle concentration distributions. The temperature distribution in the furnace was correctly obtained by the experimental projection data by means of the CT method. The experimentally obtained particle and gas temperature distributions showed that there existed a great difference between these two temperatures. In the volatile combustion region the particle temperature was higher than the gas temperature, and the fluctuation of particle temperature was also larger than that of gas temperature. In the char combustion region, on the other hand, the gas temperature became higher than the particle temperature.

DOI： 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.18.643

CiNii Research

Combustion limits of coal in two-stage CFM-bed combustor with exhaust heat recirculation.

Naruse Ichiro, Matsuda Hitoki, Hasatani Masanobu

KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU Vol. 15 ( 1 ) page： 105 - 112 1989

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

A CFM-bed (Combined Fast Fluidized Bed and Moving Bed) gas-solid contactor was applied to a solid fuel combustor. This combustor was proposed as a promising solid-fuel combustor with high efficiency and a countermeasure against environmental pollution. The combustor is composed of a set of double pipes. A fast fluidized bed and/or an entrained bed is formed in the inner pipe where partial combustion of coal particles may take place. A moving bed is made at the outlet of the annular part wherechar combustion may happen. In the present study, Loy Yang coal and coke were used as a typical low-grade solid fuel. Rich and lean combustion limits were experimentally investigated with a single-staged combustion mode by changing the primary air ratio. It was confirmed that this combustor could be operated successfully in a wide operational range of primary air ratio from 0.3 to 2.4. The principal ignition mechanism of the fule in this combustor was made clear by considering not only internal particle circulation but also the exhaust heat recirculation from the annular part to the inner pipe.

DOI： 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.15.105

CiNii Research

Ash deposition mechanisms in Waste-to-Energy plants, Reviewed

Hiroshi NAGANUMA, Takehito MORI, Sho WATANABE, Akihiro SAWADA, Taeko GOTO, Yasuaki UEKI, Ryo YOSHIIE, Ichiro NARUSE

J-STAGE Mechanical Engineering Journal, Article ID: 21-00435 2022.5

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