Language：English   Publisher：Japan Epidemiological Association  

<p><b>Background:</b> Insulin resistance in adipocytes, manifested as high basal circulating free fatty acid (FFA) is thought to contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the association between adipocyte insulin resistance (Adipo-IR) index and T2DM has rarely been explored in prospective studies. We examined this association in a middle-aged Japanese workers’ cohort. Since the association may differ according to the degree of overall adiposity, the analysis was stratified by the presence of overweight/obesity defined with body mass index (BMI).</p><p><b>Methods:</b> A total of 3,257 subjects (men 2501, women 756) aged 35–66 years were followed-up for up to 17 years. T2DM incidence was defined as fasting blood glucose level ≥126 mg/dL, glycated hemoglobin level ≥6.5%, or self-reported initiation of glucose-lowering medications. Adipo-IR was calculated as the product of FFA (mmol/L) and insulin (pmol/L) obtained from baseline fasting blood samples and divided into sex- and BMI category (<25 or ≥25 kg/m²)-specific tertiles. Cox-proportional hazards model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for age, BMI, smoking status, physical activity, drinking habit, and family history of diabetes.</p><p><b>Results:</b> During a median of 14.6 years of follow-up, 365 developed T2DM. Compared with the lowest tertile, T2DM risk was significantly increased among the highest tertile category in overweight/obese men (HR 2.94; 95% CI, 1.76–4.90) and women (HR 4.24; 95% CI, 1.08–16.61).</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> Adipo-IR was positively associated with T2DM risk in overweight/obese men and women.</p>

DOI： 10.2188/jea.je20250025

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CiNii Research

Language：English   Publisher：International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health  

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between occupational stress responses indicated by fatigue and nonspecific physical complaints and the incidence of subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) in middle-aged Japanese workers. Methods: A cohort of 4,820 Japanese workers (3876 men and 944 women) aged 35–65 years was followed up from 2007 to March 2022 for CVD incidence. Fatigue and nonspecific physical complaints were evaluated using the 57-item Brief Job Stress Questionnaire, and each was categorized into two groups based on the presence or absence. Hazard ratios (HRs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for stress responses to CVD were estimated using a multivariable Cox proportional hazard model adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, sleep duration, working hours, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and histories of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes, night shift and job type. Results: During the median follow-up of 13.7 years, 116 patients with CVD were identified. The presence of fatigue was independently associated with CVD incidence (HR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.05–4.94). Similarly, the presence of nonspecific physical complaints was significantly associated with CVD incidence (HR: 2.54, 95% CI: 1.43–4.52). The sex-stratified analysis showed consistent results in men but not in women. Conclusions: These findings suggest that fatigue and nonspecific physical complaints may serve as early indicators of CVD risk among middle-aged Japanese male workers. Incorporating routine assessment of these stress responses into workplace health screening could facilitate targeted prevention strategies.

DOI： 10.1007/s00420-025-02189-w

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publisher：Alcohol Clinical and Experimental Research  

Background: Previous research on the relationship between alcohol and stroke has highlighted several issues. Notably, the conventional categorization based on average consumption, which categorizes both those who consume 20 g/day of alcohol daily and those who engage in risky single-occasion drinking (RSOD) only on weekends into low drinkers, makes it difficult to account for individuals who fall into distinct characteristics. This study examined the association between alcohol and stroke, accounting for both average drinking levels and RSOD occurrences. Methods: In a community-based prospective cohort study in Japan, 8026 men and 12,461 women were followed from 1989 to 2018. The outcome was the first-ever stroke event during the follow-up period. Alcohol consumption was divided into seven categories: never drinkers; former drinkers; low drinkers (<20 g/day on average for men and <10 g/day for women) without RSOD; moderate drinkers (20–59 g/day on average for men and 10–39 g/day for women) without RSOD; low drinkers with RSOD; moderate drinkers with RSOD; and heavy drinkers (≥60 g/day on average for men and ≥40 g/day for women). RSOD was defined as consuming ≥60 g for men and ≥40 g for women on a single occasion. We calculated sex-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for stroke across these drinking categories compared with never drinkers. Results: Low-to-moderate drinkers with RSOD experienced a significantly higher hazard of stroke; the multivariable HR (95% CI) of 1.47 (1.01–2.13) among men and 3.41 (1.50–7.79) among women. Overall, although some were not significant, low-to-moderate drinkers with and without RSOD tended to be associated with a higher hazard of stroke, except for low drinkers with RSOD in women. Conclusions: RSOD potentially increases the risk of stroke among men and women, even if their usual amount of alcohol consumption is low to moderate.

DOI： 10.1111/acer.70046

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：東海公衆衛生学会  

<p><b>目的</b>　中部地方の自治体職員を対象に，朝食欠食と5年後の抑うつ状態発症との関連を，愛知職域コホート研究のデータを用いて検討することを目的とした。</p><p><b>方法</b>　愛知職域コホート研究の2013年のベースライン調査に参加した20-54歳の対象者のうちベースライン時に抑うつがない,あるいはうつ病の治療中ではない者のうち2018年調査にも参加した2004人 (男性1452人,女性552人)を研究対象とした。抑うつ状態の評価はCenter for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale日本語短縮 (11項目)を使用し，8点以上を抑うつとみなした。朝食欠食は朝食摂取頻度が週6回以下と定義した。さらに，5年間の朝食欠食の変化を「非欠食 (2013年)→非欠食 (2018年)」，「欠食→非欠食」，「非欠食→欠食」，「欠食→欠食」の4パターンに分けた分析も実施した。多変量ロジスティック回帰分析を用いて，性 (男性，女性[閉経前]，女性[閉経後])，年齢，学歴，配偶者・14歳未満の子供の同居の有無，肥満 (BMI≧25 kg/m²），喫煙状況，運動頻度，アルコール摂取量，睡眠時間，ストレス，ファミリー・ワーク・コンフリクト，ワーク・ファミリー・コンフリクトを調整し，2018年の抑うつ発症のオッズ比 (OR)と95%信頼区間 (CI)を推定した。</p><p><b>結果</b>　2018年に新たに抑うつ状態となったのは261人 (13%)であった。朝食欠食と抑うつ発症には調整要因に独立した統計学的に有意な正の関連が認められた (OR: 1.39，95%CI: 1.01-1.90)。朝食欠食の変化パターン別の分析でも「非欠食→非欠食」群に比べて「欠食→欠食」群は抑うつ発症と有意な正の関連を示した (OR: 1.53，95%CI: 1.06-2.21)。</p><p><b>結論</b>　朝食欠食と抑うつ発症には調整要因に独立した正の関連が認められた。</p>

DOI： 10.24802/tpha.2024-07

Open Access

CiNii Research

Language：English   Publisher：The Japanese Society for Hygiene  

<p><b>Background:</b> Difficulty in chewing has been shown to be associated with increased mortality, geriatric syndromes, and poor activities of daily living, indicating the need for intervention. Chewing difficulties are related to tooth loss, periodontitis, dry mouth, and a number of oral health conditions. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major causes of global burden of diseases, and has been associated with poor oral health. Prospective association between oral health status and the development of diabetes has also been reported. However, relationship between glycemic control and self-reported chewing difficulty remains less explored in working-age populations. The objective of this study is to cross-sectionally explore the association between fasting blood glucose (FBG) and self-reported chewing difficulty in adults working in a Japanese worksite.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> Participants from the Aichi Workers’ Cohort Study who responded to the 2018 survey were included. Participants were categorized into five FBG groups (<100, 100–109, 110–125, 126–159, and ≥160 mg/dl). Multivariable odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for chewing difficulty were estimated using logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, smoking and alcohol consumption status, number of teeth, presence of periodontal disease and the number of anti-diabetic medication classes.</p><p><b>Results:</b> A total of 164 participants (4.2%) reported difficulty with chewing, the prevalence of which tended to increase with increasing FBG level. FBG ≥160 mg/dl was significantly and strongly associated with difficulty with chewing in the final multivariable model (multivariable OR 3.84 [95% CI 1.13–13.0]).</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> A relationship between higher FBG levels and difficulty with chewing was observed, independent of potential confounding factors. However, prospective or interventional studies are needed to determine causality.</p>

DOI： 10.1265/ehpm.25-00284

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CiNii Research

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079025.

Language：English   Publisher：Lipids in Health and Disease  

Background: Having positive psychological well-being has been associated with serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), but no longitudinal study to date has examined the association between Ikigai and serum HDLC. Therefore, we examined the association between Ikigai and change in serum HDLC over time using a cohort dataset spanning 2010–2018. Methods: The study included 471 men and 776 women aged 40–74 years who underwent a cardiovascular examination in 2010 and were asked their levels of Ikigai. We combined “definitely yes” and “yes” as “with Ikigai” and recorded “a little” as “with a little Ikigai” and “no” as “without Ikigai”. We measured serum HDLC using direct methods. The association between Ikigai and serum HDLC levels at baseline, and changes in this relationship during an eight-year period, were analyzed using linear mixed-effect models. Results: At the baseline, relative to those without Ikigai, women with Ikigai had higher serum HDLC (baseline difference in those with a little Ikigai = 7.52 mg/dl, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12 to 13.9 and in those with Ikigai = 8.11 mg/dl, 95% CI: 1.54 to 14.7). The difference in serum HDLC between women with and without Ikigai remained over the eight-year follow-up period. There were no similar Ikigai-associated differences in the serum HDLC of men. Conclusions: Women with Ikigai showed differences in serum HDLC that were observed at baseline and persisted over time.

DOI： 10.1186/s12944-024-02256-0

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1186/s40101-024-00362-7

Open Access

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1017/S000711452400014X

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0298121

Open Access

Language：English   Publisher：Japan Atherosclerosis Society  

<p> <b>Aims:</b> Few studies have investigated the impact of sleep duration at night and daytime napping on mortality from aortic disease. In this study, we examined the associations of sleep duration at night with daytime napping and mortality from aortic disease.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> We followed 67,269 participants (26,826 men and 40,443 women, aged 40–79 years) who were not night shift workers and had no history of stroke, heart disease, or cancer. The baseline survey was conducted in 1988–1990, and follow-up continued until the end of 2009. Sleep duration at night was classified into three categories: ≤ 6, 7, and ≥ 8 hours/day. We also asked the presence or absence of daytime napping. Hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality from aortic disease with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards model.</p><p><b>Results:</b> During an average 16.3-year follow-up period, we observed 87 deaths from aortic dissection and 82 from aortic aneurysms. There was no association between sleep duration at night and mortality from aortic disease, but daytime napping was associated with an increased risk of mortality from total aortic disease; the multivariable-adjusted HRs were 1.48 [95% CIs: 1.08–2.02]. Furthermore, the stratified analysis revealed a stronger association with medium sleep duration (7 hours at night) compared to the other shorter and longer sleep duration: the multivariable-adjusted HR for aortic disease, 2.02 [1.16–3.52].</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> Daytime napping but not sleep duration at night was associated with an increased risk of mortality from aortic disease.</p>

DOI： 10.5551/jat.64938

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CiNii Research

Language：English   Publisher：Scientific Reports  

To maintain normal level of thyroid hormone, especially for free thyroxine (FT4), individuals with latent thyroid gland damage might have required higher thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) than those without latent thyroid gland damage. Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) is a main cause of auto-immune thyroiditis, and therefore euthyroid individuals positive for TPO-Ab might have latent damage to the thyroid gland. Therefore, the association between TSH values and TPO-Ab positivity may be useful to determine the influence of latent thyroid gland damage on requirement of TSH. Furthermore, because latent damage of thyroid might elevate TSH level but not FT4 level, those associations should be observed independent from FT4. This cross-sectional study analyzed 1431 Japanese with normal ranges of free triiodothyronine (FT3) and FT4. Since TPO-Ab is associated with atherosclerosis in euthyroid individuals, cardiovascular risk factors might underlie the association between TPO-Ab and TSH values. After adjusting for FT4 and known cardiovascular risk factors, the adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of TPO-Ab positivity for logarithmic value of TSH was 1.53 (1.20, 1.95). Essentially the same association was observed when the analysis was restricted to individuals without subclinical hypothyroidism (1.54 [1.15, 2.13]). Euthyroid individuals with latent thyroid gland damage might have increased the requirement of TSH.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-023-40275-6

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Language：English   Publisher：Japan Atherosclerosis Society  

<p> <b>Aim:</b> We aimed to examine sex-specific risk factors for hyperuricemia or gout in Japanese cohorts. </p><p><b>Methods:</b> We followed up 3,188 men (mean age, 55.6 years) and 6,346 women (mean age, 54.1 years) without hyperuricemia, gout, or elevated liver enzymes at baseline from 1986 to 1990 for a median of 14.6 years. The participants were considered as having hyperuricemia or gout if their serum uric acid levels were ≥ 7.0 mg/dL or they were receiving treatment for hyperuricemia or gout during annual health checkups. The sex-specific multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) of hyperuricemia or gout incidence were calculated after adjustment for smoking and drinking status, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia using the Cox proportional-hazard model. </p><p><b>Results:</b> During follow-up, 733 men and 355 women had hyperuricemia or gout. Among men, the multivariable HRs (95% confidence intervals) of hyperuricemia or gout were 1.23 (1.00–1.52) and 1.41 (1.13–1.75) for drinkers of ＜46 and ≥ 46 g ethanol/day, respectively, compared with non-drinkers; 1.00 (0.81–1.24) and 1.18 (0.93–1.50) for smokers of 1–19 and ≥ 20 cigarettes/day, respectively, compared with never smokers; and 1.41 (1.20–1.65) for hypertensive compared with non-hypertensive participants. The HRs for women were 1.02 (0.70–1.48), 1.66 (1.05–2.63), and 1.12 (0.88–1.42) for current drinkers, current smokers, and hypertensive participants, respectively. For both men and women, body mass index, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia were not associated with hyperuricemia or gout incidence. </p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> Hypertension and alcohol drinking are risk factors for hyperuricemia or gout among men and smoking among women.</p>

DOI： 10.5551/jat.63907

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CiNii Research

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0291465

Open Access

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： doi: 10.5551/jat.63907

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1186/s40101-023-00338-z

Open Access

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-023-40275-6.

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3390/biomedicines11061572

Open Access

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0284998

Open Access

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1111/acer.14991

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1265/ehpm.22-00215

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3390/bioengineering9100527

Open Access

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3390/ijerph191912086

Open Access

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.5551/jat.62941

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1186/s12889-022-13331-5

Open Access

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1265/ehpm.22-00103

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0256281

Open Access

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1136/oemed-2020-106685

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.5551/jat.57232

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1007/s10552-019-01220-z

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1536/ihj.17-461