Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.1254/fpj.23010

PubMed

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The neuronal K+-Cl- cotransporter KCC2 maintains a low intracellular Cl- concentration and facilitates hyperpolarizing GABAA receptor responses. KCC2 also plays a separate role in stabilizing and enhancing dendritic spines in the developing nervous system. Using a conditional transgenic mouse strategy, we examined whether overexpression of KCC2 enhances dendritic spines in the adult nervous system and characterized the effects on spine dynamics in the motor cortex in vivo during rotarod training. Mice overexpressing KCC2 showed significantly increased spine density in the apical dendrites of layer V pyramidal neurons, measured in vivo using two-photon imaging. During modest accelerated rotarod training, mice overexpressing KCC2 displayed enhanced spine formation rates, greater balancing skill at higher rotarod speeds and a faster rate of learning in this ability. Our results demonstrate that KCC2 enhances spine density and dynamics in the adult nervous system and suggest that KCC2 may play a role in experience-dependent synaptic plasticity.

DOI： 10.1007/s12576-018-00654-5

PubMed

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Peripheral nerve injury causes maladaptive plasticity in the central nervous system and induces chronic pain. In addition to the injured limb, abnormal pain sensation can appear in the limb contralateral to the injury, called mirror image pain. Because synaptic remodeling in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) has critical roles in the induction of chronic pain, cortical reorganization in the S1 ipsilateral to the injured limb may also accompany mirror image pain. To elucidate this, we conducted in vivo 2-photon calcium imaging of neuron and astrocyte activity in the ipsilateral S1 after a peripheral nerve injury. We found that cross-callosal inputs enhanced the activity of both S1 astrocytes and inhibitory neurons, whereas activity of excitatory neurons decreased. When local inhibitory circuits were blocked, astrocyte-dependent spine plasticity and allodynia were revealed. Thus, we propose that cortical astrocytes prime the induction of spine plasticity and mirror image pain after peripheral nerve injury. Moreover, this result suggests that cortical synaptic rewiring could be sufficient to cause allodynia on the uninjured periphery.

DOI： 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001248

PubMed

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type in the brain. Several decades ago, they were considered to be only support cells in the central nervous system. Recent studies using advanced technologies have clarified that astrocytes play more active roles in regulating neuronal function and remodeling synaptic structures by releasing molecules called gliotransmitters. In addition to various physiological functions, astrocytes are activated under disease conditions, such as chronic pain, releasing molecules that in turn cause reorganization of the central nervous system microstructure and disrupt behavior in pathological conditions. In the present review, we summarize cortical astrocyte function in chronic pain and other neurological disorders and discuss the role of astrocytes in brain pathologies.

DOI： 10.1016/j.neures.2017.08.009

PubMed

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Objective To investigate the clinical symptoms, the physical and neurological findings, and the clinical course of neurological complications in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). Methods A retrospective chart review of EGPA cases managed by two referral hospitals was performed, with a focus on the neurological findings. The study analyzed the symptoms at the onset of EGPA and investigated their chronological relationship. The patient delay (the delay between the onset of symptoms and the initial consultation), and the physician delay (the delay from consultation to the initiation of therapy) were determined and compared. The involved nerves were identified thorough a neurological examination. The cases with central nervous system (CNS) involvement were described. Results The average duration of symptoms prior to the initiating of therapy for sensory disturbances, motor deficits, rash, edema, and fever was 23, 5, 21, 18, and 24 days, respectively. Among the EGPA-specific symptoms, sensory disturbance was often the first symptom (63%), and was usually followed by the appearance of rash within four days (63%). The average physician delay (32.9±38.3 days) was significantly longer than the average patient delay (7.9±7.8 days; p=0.010). Reduced touch sensation in the superficial peroneal area, and weakness of dorsal flexion of the first toe secondary to deep peroneal nerve involvement, were highly sensitive for identifying the presence of peripheral nerve involvement in our series of patients with EGPA. Two cases, with CNS involvement, had multiple skin lesions over their hands and feet (Janeway lesions). Conclusion Japanese physicians are not always familiar with EGPA. It is important for us to consider this disease, when an asthmatic patient complains about the new onset of an abnormal sensation in the distal lower extremities, which is followed several days later by rash.

DOI： 10.2169/internalmedicine.8457-16

PubMed

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2014.10.001

Language：English  

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English  

Language：Japanese  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English  

Language：English  

Language：English  

Language：English  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Last author   Language：English  

Authorship：Last author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (trade magazine, newspaper, online media)  

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本神経学会  

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (trade magazine, newspaper, online media)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (trade magazine, newspaper, online media)  

Event date： 2023.10 - 2023.11

Language：English   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Event date： 2023.10

Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

Event date： 2023.10

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Victoria  

Event date： 2023.9

Language：Japanese  

Event date： 2023.8

Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

Venue：Porto   Country：Portugal  

Event date： 2023.7

Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2023.7

Language：English   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2023.4

Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2023.3

Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2022.12

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Public lecture, seminar, tutorial, course, or other speech  

Venue：オンライン   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2022.8

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：東京   Country：Japan  

Event date： 2022.6 - 2022.7

Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2022.3

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

Event date： 2022.3

Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

Event date： 2022.1

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2022.1

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2021.12

Event date： 2021.7

Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

Event date： 2021.3

Language：English   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Event date： 2021.3

Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation