記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：ACS Chemical Biology  

Stomata are pores in the leaf epidermis of plants and their opening and closing regulate gas exchange and water transpiration. Stomatal movements play key roles in both plant growth and stress responses. In recent years, small molecules regulating stomatal movements have been used as a powerful tool in mechanistic studies, as well as key players for agricultural applications. Therefore, the development of new molecules regulating stomatal movement and the elucidation of their mechanisms have attracted much attention. We herein describe the discovery of 2,6-dihalopurines, AUs, as a new stomatal opening inhibitor, and their mechanistic study. Based on biological assays, AUs may involve in the pathway related with plasma membrane H+-ATPase phosphorylation. In addition, we identified leucine-rich repeat extensin proteins (LRXs), LRX3, LRX4 and LRX5 as well as RALF, as target protein candidates of AUs by affinity based pull down assay and molecular dynamics simulation. The mechanism of stomatal movement related with the LRXs-RALF is an unexplored pathway, and therefore further studies may lead to the discovery of new signaling pathways and regulatory factors in the stomatal movement.

DOI： 10.1021/acschembio.2c00771

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Nature Communications  

Aromatic polymers are the first-choice platform for current organic materials due to their distinct optical, electronic, and mechanical properties as well as their biocompatibility. However, bare aromatic polymer backbones tend to strongly aggregate, rendering them essentially insoluble in organic solvent. While the typical solution is to install many solubilizing substituents on the backbones, this often provokes undesired property changes. Herein, we report the synthesis of bare aromatic polymers enabled by a dendrimer support. An initiator arene containing a diterpenoid-based dendrimer undergoes Pd-catalyzed polymerization with monomers bearing no solubilizing substituents to furnish bare aromatic polymers such as polythiophenes and poly(para-phenylene)s. The high solubility of dendrimer-ligated polymers allows not only the unveiling of the properties of unsubstituted π-conjugated backbone, but also mild release of dendrimer-free aromatic polymers and even transfer of aromatic polymers to other materials, such as silica gel and protein, which may accelerate the creation of hybrid materials nowadays challenging to access.

DOI： 10.1038/s41467-022-33100-7

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その他リンク： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-33100-7

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Journal of the American Chemical Society  

CRY1 and CRY2 proteins are highly conserved components of the circadian clock that controls daily physiological rhythms. Disruption of CRY functions are related to many diseases, including circadian sleep phase disorder. Development of isoform-selective and spatiotemporally controllable tools will facilitate the understanding of shared and distinct functions of CRY1 and CRY2. Here, we developed CRY1-selective compounds that enable light-dependent manipulation of the circadian clock. From phenotypic chemical screening in human cells, we identified benzophenone derivatives that lengthened the circadian period. These compounds selectively interacted with the CRY1 photolyase homology region, resulting in activation of CRY1 but not CRY2. The benzophenone moiety rearranged a CRY1 region called the "lid loop"located outside of the compound-binding pocket and formed a unique interaction with Phe409 in the lid loop. Manipulation of this key interaction was achieved by rationally designed replacement of the benzophenone with a switchable azobenzene moiety whose cis-trans isomerization can be controlled by light. The metastable cis form exhibited sufficiently high half-life in aqueous solutions and structurally mimicked the benzophenone unit, enabling reversible period regulation over days by cellular irradiation with visible light. This study revealed an unprecedented role of the lid loop in CRY-compound interaction and paves the way for spatiotemporal regulation of CRY1 activity by photopharmacology for molecular understanding of CRY1-dependent functions in health and disease.

DOI： 10.1021/jacs.0c12280

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Cell Chemical Biology  

Cryptochrome 1 (CRY1) and CRY2 are core regulators of the circadian clock, and the development of isoform-selective modulators is important for the elucidation of their redundant and distinct functions. Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of a small-molecule modulator of the mammalian circadian clock that selectively controls CRY1. Cell-based circadian chemical screening identified a thienopyrimidine derivative KL201 that lengthened the period of circadian rhythms in cells and tissues. Functional assays revealed stabilization of CRY1 but not CRY2 by KL201. A structure-activity relationship study of KL201 derivatives in combination with X-ray crystallography of the CRY1-KL201 complex uncovered critical sites and interactions required for CRY1 regulation. KL201 bound to CRY1 in overlap with FBXL3, a subunit of ubiquitin ligase complex, and the effect of KL201 was blunted by knockdown of FBXL3. KL201 will facilitate isoform-selective regulation of CRY1 to accelerate chronobiology research and therapeutics against clock-related diseases.

DOI： 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.05.008

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記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Chem  

Challenges and opportunities: • Increasing opportunities for the discovery of new circadian clock modulators, which are attractive drug candidates for clock-related diseases in pharmaceutical industry, and to enhance crop yield in agriculture. • Development of new reactions for rapid access to hit compound derivatives, accelerating structure-activity relationship studies, which are generally time consuming. • New approaches for target identification of clock-modulating small molecules, which is still challenging, enable molecular-level understanding and new structural designs.

DOI： 10.1016/j.chempr.2020.08.011

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ACS Central Science  

γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. The fast inhibitory actions of GABA are mainly mediated by GABAA receptors (GABAARs), which are widely recognized as clinically relevant drug targets. However, it remains difficult to create screening systems for drug candidates that act on GABAARs because of the existence of multiple ligand-binding sites and the delicate pentameric structures of GABAARs. We here developed the first turn-on fluorescent imaging probe for GABAARs, which can be used to quantitatively evaluate ligand-receptor interactions under live cell conditions. Using noncovalent labeling of GABAARs with this turn-on probe, a new imaging-based ligand assay system, which allows discovery of positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) for the GABAAR, was successfully constructed. Our system is applicable to high-throughput ligand screening, and we discovered new small molecules that function as PAMs for GABAARs. These results highlight the power of the use of a turn-on fluorescent probe to screen drugs for complicated membrane proteins that cannot be addressed by conventional methods.

DOI： 10.1021/acscentsci.9b00539

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Tetrahedron  

We have achieved a synthesis of multiply arylated pyridines by using a [4 + 2] cycloaddition of 2,4-diaryl-5-chloroxazoles and cinnamic acids as a key reaction. The resulting hydroxytriarylpyridines can be derivatized into triarylpyridines, tetraarylpyridines and pentaarylpyridines by sequential cross-couplings. This synthetic method allows for facile and rapid access to highly arylated pyridines with different aryl substituents.

DOI： 10.1016/j.tet.2017.03.095

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1021/JACS.7B07339

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1039/C7CC07177A

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Chemistry - A European Journal  

We have described a C-H arylation/ring-transformation strategy for the synthesis of triarylpyridines, which form the core structure of thiopeptide antibiotics. This synthetic method readily gave 2,3,6-triarylpyridines in a regioselective manner by a two-phase approach: C-H arylation (a nickel-catalyzed decarbonylative Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling and decarbonylative C-H coupling for the synthesis of 2,4-diaryloxazoles) and ring transformation ([4+2] cycloaddition of 2,4-diaryloxazoles with (hetero)arylacrylic acids). To showcase these methods, we have accomplished the formal synthesis of thiopeptide antibiotics GE2270 s and amythiamicins.

DOI： 10.1002/chem.201600351

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.15227/ORGSYN.092.0373

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Journal of the American Chemical Society  

The first general β-selective C-H arylation of pyrroles has been developed by using a rhodium catalyst. This C-H arylation reaction, which is retrosynthetically straightforward but results in unusual regioselectivity, could result in de novo syntheses of pyrrole-derived natural products and pharmaceuticals. As such, we have successfully synthesized polycyclic marine pyrrole alkaloids, lamellarins C and I, by using this β-selective arylation of pyrroles with aryl iodides (C-H/C-I coupling) and a new double C-H/C-H coupling as key steps.

DOI： 10.1021/ja508449y

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters  

We previously reported the discovery of NCH-31, a potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. By utilizing our C-H coupling reaction, we rapidly synthesized 16 analogues (IYS-1 through IYS-15 and IYS-Me) of NCH-31 with different aryl groups at the C4-position of 2-aminothiazole core of NCH-31. Subsequent biological testing of these derivatives revealed that 3-fluorophenyl (IYS-10) and 4-fluorophenyl (IYS-15) derivatives act as potent pan-HDAC inhibitor. Additionally, 4-methylphenyl (IYS-1) and 3-fluoro-4-methylphenyl (IYS-14) derivatives acted as HDAC6-insensitive inhibitors. The present work clearly shows the power of the late-stage C-H coupling approach to rapidly identify novel and highly active/selective biofunctional molecules. © 2014 American Chemical Society.

DOI： 10.1021/ml500024s

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1021/JO502062Z

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記述言語：日本語  

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記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi/Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry  

Nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions have recently been receiving significant attention from the synthetic community as a way to construct carbon-carbon or carbon-heteroatom bonds, because nickel catalysts are less expensive and less toxic than palladium catalysts. We herein describe our recent developments in nickel-catalyzed biaryl coupling methodology, along with mechanistic studies and applications to the synthesis of natural products and pharmaceuticals. In particular, we focus on nickel-catalyzed direct coupling reactions in which "unreactive" bonds such as C-H, C-O, and C-C bonds are converted into biaryl moieties.

DOI： 10.5059/YUKIGOSEIKYOKAISHI.71.576

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Journal of the American Chemical Society  

A nickel-catalyzed decarbonylative C-H biaryl coupling of azoles and aryl esters is described. The newly developed catalytic system does not require the use of expensive metal catalysts or silver- or copper-based stoichiometric oxidants. We have successfully applied this new C-H arylation reaction to a convergent formal synthesis of muscoride A. © 2012 American Chemical Society.

DOI： 10.1021/ja306062c

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