Faculty Profiles - NISHIGORI Hiroshi

Papers - NISHIGORI Hiroshi

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鑑別診断を考えながら行う身体診察(HDPE)の教材作成用オンラインシステムの開発

大滝純司, 錦織宏, 増田浩三, 菊川誠, 川島篤志

日本シミュレーション医療教育学会雑誌 Vol. 2 page： 81 - 81 2014.6

Bushido and medical professionalism in Japan. Reviewed International journal Open Access

Hiroshi Nishigori, Rebecca Harrison, Jamiu Busari, Tim Dornan

Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges Vol. 89 ( 4 ) page： 560 - 3 2014.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS

Medical professionalism has become a core topic in medical education. As it has been considered mostly from a Western perspective, there is a need to examine how the same or similar concepts are reflected in a wider range of cultural contexts. To gain insights into medical professionalism concepts in Japanese culture, the authors compare the tenets of a frequently referenced Western guide to professionalism (the physician charter proposed by the American Board of Internal Medicine Foundation, American College of Physicians Foundation, and the European Federation of Internal Medicine) with the concepts of Bushido, a Japanese code of personal conduct originating from the ancient samurai warriors. The authors also present survey evidence about how a group of present-day Japanese doctors view the values of Bushido.Cultural scholars have demonstrated Bushido's continuing influence on Japanese people today. The authors explain the seven main virtues of Bushido (e.g., rectitude), describe the similarities and differences between Bushido and the physician charter, and speculate on factors that may account for the differences, including the influence of religion, how much the group versus the individual is emphasized in a culture, and what emphasis is given to virtue-based versus duty-based ethics.The authors suggest that for those who are teaching and practicing in Japan today, Bushido's virtues are applicable when considering medical professionalism and merit further study. They urge that there be a richer discussion, from the viewpoints of different cultures, on the meaning of professionalism in today's health care practice.

DOI： 10.1097/ACM.0000000000000176

Web of Science

PubMed

The 6th Jakarta Meeting on Medical Education Open Access

Miyachi Yuka, Nishigori Hiroshi

Igaku Kyoiku / Medical Education (Japan) Vol. 45 ( 1 ) page： 43 - 44 2014

文化人類学と医学／医療者教育 Invited Reviewed Open Access

錦織宏, 道信良子

医学教育 Vol. 44 ( 5 ) page： 273 - 273 2013.10

共用試験OSCEの学習評価項目に対応したHDPE実技試験評価の試み

松井智子, 錦織宏, 菊川誠, 大滝純司

医学教育 Vol. 44 ( Suppl. ) page： 83 - 83 2013.7

学士入学経験が男性医師のキャリア形成に与える影響東大医学部のケーススタディ Reviewed

佐々木那津, 錦織宏, 大西弘高, 北村聖

医学教育 Vol. 44 ( Suppl. ) page： 101 - 101 2013.7

鑑別診断を考えながら行う身体診察(HDPE)の教材作成用オンラインシステムの開発

大滝純司, 錦織宏, 増田浩三, 菊川誠, 川島篤志, 松井智子, 川畑秀伸

医学教育 Vol. 44 ( Suppl. ) page： 160 - 160 2013.7

Recent Trends of Medical Education Reforms in United Kingdom : Quality Assurance in General Medical Council Open Access

SHIBAHARA Machiko, NISHIGORI Hiroshi, NAKAMURA Mariko, SUZUKI Toshiya, TAKEDA Yuko, KONISHI Yasuhiko, FUKUSHIMA Osamu, NARA Nobuo

Igaku Kyoiku / Medical Education (Japan) Vol. 44 ( 2 ) page： 63 - 70 2013.4

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japan Society for Medical Education

Background: Globalization urges us to discuss rationale and policy towards establishing a medical education accrediting body in Japan. Experience of General Medical Council （GMC） suggests us some useful lessons.<br>Method: Based on our visits and investigation into in GMC, we inquire how Quality Assurance （QA） was introduced in UK with what incentives and how QA has brought reforms in the medical schools in UK.<br>Result: Since 2003, GMC has changed its policy for QA from 'inspection' to 'dialogue'. Dialogical QA asks a medical school to think critically of their education and consider vigorous actions for further improvements.<br>Discussion: Implications from the experience of GMC are: 1.QA process in GMC makes medical schools take robust steps towards changes, 2. Sharing the rational and policy for QA created the solid base for its effective implementation, 3. There are possible difficulties in establishing structure to do an enormous amount of coordinating work, which is necessary for constructing 'dialogue with medical schools'.

DOI： 10.11307/mededjapan.44.63

Open Access

CiNii Research

Other Link： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2013256048

鑑別診断を考えながら行う身体診察(HDPE)の教材作成用オンラインシステムの開発

大滝純司, 錦織宏, 増田浩三, 菊川誠, 川島篤志, 小林智子, Yudkowsky R., Bordage G.

日本内科学会雑誌 Vol. 102 ( Suppl. ) page： 245 - 245 2013.2

第48回医学教育セミナーとワークショップ in 京都大学 Open Access

鈴木康之, 錦織宏

医学教育 Vol. 44 ( 5 ) page： 368 - 369 2013

Reformation of Medical Education for an Aging Society in Japan. Invited Reviewed

Hiroshi Nishigori

Journal of Medical Research and Education. Vol. 1 ( 2 ) page： 8 - 9 2012.12

Minimum Requirementの身体診察法を網羅したHDPEモデル授業用シナリオの開発

小林智子, 錦織宏, 菊川誠, 大滝純司

医学教育 Vol. 43 ( Suppl. ) page： 184 - 184 2012.7

東京大学医学部医学科における女性学士入学者のアイデンティティの変遷 Reviewed

佐々木那津, 錦織宏, 大西弘高, 北村聖

医学教育 Vol. 43 ( Suppl. ) page： 56 - 56 2012.7

A global template for reforming residency without work-hours restrictions: decrease caseloads, increase education. Findings of the Japan Resident Workload Study Group. Reviewed International journal Open Access

Gautam A Deshpande, Kumiko Soejima, Yasushi Ishida, Osamu Takahashi, Joshua L Jacobs, Brian S Heist, Haruo Obara, Hiroshi Nishigori, Tsuguya Fukui

Medical teacher Vol. 34 ( 3 ) page： 232 - 9 2012

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：INFORMA HEALTHCARE

BACKGROUND: Japanese physician training programs are currently not subject to rigorous national standardization. Despite residency restructuring in 2004, little is known about the current work allocation of residents in Japan. AIMS: We quantified the amount of time that Japanese junior residents spend in service versus education in the context of caseload, fatigue, and low-value administrative work. METHODS: In this prospective, time-and-motion study, the activity of 1st- and 2nd-year residents at three Japanese community hospitals was observed at 5-min intervals over 1 week, and categorized as patient care, academic, non-patient care, and personal. Self-reported sleep data and caseload information were simultaneously collected. Data were subanalyzed by gender, training level, hospital, and shift. RESULTS: A total of 64 participating residents spent substantially more time in patient care activities than education (59.5% vs. 6.8%), and little time on low-value, non-patient work (5.1%). Residents reported a median 5 h of sleep before shifts and excessive sleepiness (median Epworth score, 12). Large variations in caseload were reported (median 10 patients, range 0-60). CONCLUSIONS: New physicians in Japan deliver a large volume of high-value patient care, while receiving little structured education and enduring substantial sleep deprivation. In programs without work-hour restrictions, caseload limits may improve safety and quality.

DOI： 10.3109/0142159X.2012.652489

Web of Science

PubMed

A national survey of international electives for medical students in Japan: 2009-2010. Reviewed International journal

Hiroshi Nishigori, Osamu Takahashi, Naomi Sugimoto, Kiyoshi Kitamura, Graham T McMahon

Medical teacher Vol. 34 ( 1 ) page： 71 - 3 2012

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：INFORMA HEALTHCARE

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: International electives can provide experiences for medical students to learn about health systems and foster critical self-reflection. So far, little is known about the status of Japanese students' engagement in international electives. We sought to provide information about the internationalization of Japanese medical education by clarifying the current situations of international electives. METHOD: We undertook a cross-sectional national 17-item questionnaire survey of program officers in all medical schools in Japan in February 2010. RESULTS: Sixty-five (81.3%) of 80 Japanese medical schools responded to the questionnaire. 462 Japanese medical students (3% of all students in their clinical years) travelled to North America (45.5%), Asia (25.0%), or Western Europe (24.4%) to study abroad. The number of students who participated in international electives was significantly increased when academic credit was available (median 6 vs. 1, p < 0.001) and institutional affiliations were present (median 7 vs. 2 students, p < 0.001). Most students were evaluated by means of written assignment on return. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: About 3% of Japanese medical students participate in international clinical exchanges. Academic credit and institutional affiliations appear to promote greater utilization of international exchange opportunities.

DOI： 10.3109/0142159X.2012.638014

Web of Science

PubMed

東京大学医学部医学科学士入学制度の実態 Reviewed

佐々木那津, 錦織宏, 大西弘高, 北村聖

医学教育 Vol. 42 ( Suppl. ) page： 74 - 74 2011.7

A model teaching session for the hypothesis-driven physical examination. Reviewed International journal

Hiroshi Nishigori, Kozo Masuda, Makoto Kikukawa, Atsushi Kawashima, Rachel Yudkowsky, Georges Bordage, Junji Otaki

Medical teacher Vol. 33 ( 5 ) page： 410 - 7 2011

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：INFORMA HEALTHCARE

INTRODUCTION: The physical examination is an essential clinical competence for all physicians. Most medical schools have students who learn the physical examination maneuvers using a head-to-toe approach. However, this promotes a rote approach to the physical exam, and it is not uncommon for students later on to fail to appreciate the meaning of abnormal findings and their contribution to the diagnostic reasoning process. The purpose of the project was to develop a model teaching session for the hypothesis-driven physical examination (HDPE) approach in which students could practice the physical examination in the context of diagnostic reasoning. METHODS: We used an action research methodology to create this HDPE model by developing a teaching session, implementing it over 100 times with approximately 700 students, conducting internal reflection and external evaluations, and making adjustments as needed. RESULTS: A model nine-step HDPE teaching session was developed, including: (1) orientation, (2) anticipation, (3) preparation, (4) role play, (5) discussion-1, (6) answers, (7) discussion-2, (8) demonstration and (9) reflection. DISCUSSIONS AND CONCLUSIONS: A structured model HDPE teaching session and tutor guide were developed into a workable instructional intervention. Faculty members are invited to teach the physical examination using this model.

DOI： 10.3109/0142159X.2010.540269

Web of Science

PubMed

Asian perspectives for reflection. Reviewed International journal

Hiroshi Nishigori, Kanokwan Sriruksa

Medical teacher Vol. 33 ( 7 ) page： 580 - 1 2011

医学部学士編入学試験受験者の受験準備の現状 Reviewed

佐々木那津, 錦織宏, 大西弘高, 北村聖

医学教育 Vol. 41 ( Suppl. ) page： 97 - 97 2010.7

What are portfolios and showcase portfolios? Reviewed

The Japanese journal of family practice Vol. 15 ( 2 ) page： 32 - 44 2010

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Papers - NISHIGORI Hiroshi