Faculty Profiles - TAOKA Toshiaki

Neurofluid Dynamics and the Glymphatic System: A Neuroimaging Perspective. International journal

Toshiaki Taoka, Shinji Naganawa

Korean journal of radiology Vol. 21 ( 11 ) page： 1199 - 1209 2020.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The glymphatic system hypothesis is a concept describing the clearance of waste products from the brain. The term "glymphatic system" combines the glial and lymphatic systems and is typically described as follows. The perivascular space functions as a conduit that drains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) into the brain parenchyma. CSF guided to the perivascular space around the arteries enters the interstitium of brain tissue via aquaporin-4 water channels to clear waste proteins into the perivascular space around the veins before being drained from the brain. In this review, we introduce the glymphatic system hypothesis and its association with fluid dynamics, sleep, and disease. We also discuss imaging methods to evaluate the glymphatic system.

DOI： 10.3348/kjr.2020.0042

Aging Impacts the Overall Connectivity Strength of Regions Critical for Information Transfer Among Brain Networks

Epifanio Bagarinao, Hirohisa Watanabe, Satoshi Maesawa, Daisuke Mori, Kazuhiro Hara, Kazuya Kawabata, Noritaka Yoneyama, Reiko Ohdake, Kazunori Imai, Michihito Masuda, Takamasa Yokoi, Aya Ogura, Toshiaki Taoka, Shuji Koyama, Hiroki C. Tanabe, Masahisa Katsuno, Toshihiko Wakabayashi, Masafumi Kuzuya, Minoru Hoshiyama, Haruo Isoda, Shinji Naganawa, Norio Ozaki, Gen Sobue

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience Vol. 12 page： 592469 2020.10

Change of White Matter Integrity in Children With Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. International journal

Yoko Sakaguchi, Jun Natsume, Hiroyuki Kidokoro, Masaharu Tanaka, Yu Okai, Yuji Ito, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Atsuko Ohno, Tomohiko Nakata, Toshiki Nakane, Hisashi Kawai, Toshiaki Taoka, Hideki Muramatsu, Shinji Naganawa, Yoshiyuki Takahashi

Pediatric neurology Vol. 111 page： 78 - 84 2020.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

BACKGROUND: Advances in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation have improved the survival rate of malignant diseases and congenital immunodeficiencies. It has become important to assess long-term complications in survivors. To assess neurological abnormalities in children treated by transplantation, diffusion tensor imaging was performed. METHODS: Forty children who underwent head diffusion tensor imaging before and after their first transplantation were enrolled. Patients with brain lesions on conventional MRI were excluded. Fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity were compared between patients and 28 control subjects using tract-based spatial statistics. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was administered as a behavioral evaluation after transplantation, and diffusion tensor images of patients with and without behavioral abnormalities were compared. RESULTS: The age of patients and controls was 0 to 19 years and 0 to 16 years, respectively. The date of diffusion tensor imaging was 10 to 57 days before and 40 to 153 days after transplantation. Tract-based spatial statistics showed fractional anisotropy reduction in widespread white matter in patients before and after transplantation. Mean diffusivity was high before transplantation and normalized after transplantation. Analysis comparing before and after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation shows no difference in fractional anisotropy and a higher mean diffusivity before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In patients with behavioral abnormalities, low fractional anisotropy and high mean diffusivity remained after transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: Longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging showed white matter abnormalities in children without conventional MRI abnormalities, which were related to behavioral problems after transplantation. Diffusion tensor imaging is useful for behavioral assessment in children undergoing transplantation.

DOI： 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2020.06.008

特集時系列から学ぶ中枢神経疾患の画像診断-MR Retroscopy- Ⅳ.脊髄　1 頸髄の変形と異常信号

田岡俊昭

画像診断 Vol. 40 ( 10 ) page： 1100 - 1103 2020.8

Changes in white matter fiber density and morphology across the adult lifespan: A cross-sectional fixel-based analysis. International journal

Shao Wei Choy, Epifanio Bagarinao, Hirohisa Watanabe, Eric Tatt Wei Ho, Satoshi Maesawa, Daisuke Mori, Kazuhiro Hara, Kazuya Kawabata, Noritaka Yoneyama, Reiko Ohdake, Kazunori Imai, Michihito Masuda, Takamasa Yokoi, Aya Ogura, Toshiaki Taoka, Shuji Koyama, Hiroki C Tanabe, Masahisa Katsuno, Toshihiko Wakabayashi, Masafumi Kuzuya, Minoru Hoshiyama, Haruo Isoda, Shinji Naganawa, Norio Ozaki, Gen Sobue

Human brain mapping Vol. 41 ( 12 ) page： 3198 - 3211 2020.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

White matter (WM) fiber bundles change dynamically with age. These changes could be driven by alterations in axonal diameter, axonal density, and myelin content. In this study, we applied a novel fixel-based analysis (FBA) framework to examine these changes throughout the adult lifespan. Using diffusion-weighted images from a cohort of 293 healthy volunteers (89 males/204 females) from ages 21 to 86 years old, we performed FBA to analyze age-related changes in microscopic fiber density (FD) and macroscopic fiber morphology (fiber cross section [FC]). Our results showed significant and widespread age-related alterations in FD and FC across the whole brain. Interestingly, some fiber bundles such as the anterior thalamic radiation, corpus callosum, and superior longitudinal fasciculus only showed significant negative relationship with age in FD values, but not in FC. On the other hand, some segments of the cerebello-thalamo-cortical pathway only showed significant negative relationship with age in FC, but not in FD. Analysis at the tract-level also showed that major fiber tract groups predominantly distributed in the frontal lobe (cingulum, forceps minor) exhibited greater vulnerability to the aging process than the others. Differences in FC and the combined measure of FD and cross section values observed between sexes were mostly driven by differences in brain sizes although male participants tended to exhibit steeper negative linear relationship with age in FD as compared to female participants. Overall, these findings provide further insights into the structural changes the brain's WM undergoes due to the aging process.

DOI： 10.1002/hbm.25008

Steroid-responsive recurrent tumefactive demyelination with multiple petechial hemorrhages along non-displaced medullary veins. Reviewed International journal

Takashi Tsuboi, Yumiko Harada, Masashi Suzuki, Takashi Ando, Naoki Atsuta, Fumiharu Ohka, Kazuhito Takeuchi, Toshiaki Taoka, Shigeo Ohba, Masato Nakaguro, Masato Abe, Ichiro Nakashima, Mari Yoshida, Masahisa Katsuno

Clinical neurology and neurosurgery Vol. 193 page： 105764 - 105764 2020.6

White matter microstructural changes in tuberous sclerosis: Evaluation by neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) and diffusion tensor images. Reviewed International journal

Toshiaki Taoka, Noriko Aida, Yuta Fujii, Kazushi Ichikawa, Hisashi Kawai, Toshiki Nakane, Rintaro Ito, Shinji Naganawa

Scientific reports Vol. 10 ( 1 ) page： 436 - 436 2020.1

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) is a novel diffusion method for evaluating tissue microstructure, and may provide additional information over conventional diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We evaluated NODDI and DTI parameters in cases of tuberous sclerosis (TS) to assess microstructural changes in the white matter. Eleven cases of tuberous sclerosis and eight age-matched controls underwent NODDI and DTI. We performed qualitative analysis and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis of the NODDI parameters (Ficv: intracellular volume fraction, Fiso: isotropic fraction, ODI: orientation dispersion index) as well as DTI parameters (MD: mean diffusivity, FA: fractional anisotropy). We also performed a correlation analysis between clinical symptoms and parameters. The qualitative analysis indicated that the Ficv had a lower value in TS cases particularly in the tubers adjacent to the white matter. The TBSS analysis showed that the TS cases had decreased Ficv in a greater area compared to the other parameters including MD. In particular, the Ficv was decreased in deep white matter, such as the superior longitudinal fascicles (SLF). The application of NODDI to TS cases revealed tissue microstructural changes, and particularly the Ficv could detect more widespread abnormalities in white matter structure compared to DTI parameters.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-019-57306-w

Glymphatic imaging using MRI. Reviewed International journal

Toshiaki Taoka, Shinji Naganawa

Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI Vol. 51 ( 1 ) page： 11 - 24 2020.1

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

In recent years, the existence of a mass transport system in the brain via cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or interstitial fluid (ISF) has been suggested by many studies. The glymphatic system is hypothesized to be a waste clearance system of the CSF through the perivascular and interstitial spaces in the brain. Tracer studies have primarily been used to visualize or evaluate the waste clearance system in the brain, and evidence for this system has accumulated. The initial study that identified the glymphatic system was an in vivo tracer study in mice. In that study, fluorescent tracers were injected into the cisterna magna and visualized by two-photon microscopy. MRI has also been used to evaluate glymphatic function primarily with gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) as tracers. A number of GBCA studies evaluating glymphatic function have been conducted using either intrathecal or intravenous injections. Stable isotopes, such as 17 O-labeled water, may also be used as tracers since they can be detected by MRI. In addition to tracer studies, several other approaches have been used to evaluate ISF dynamics within the brain, including diffusion imaging. Phase contrast evaluation is a powerful method for visualizing flow within the CSF space. In order to evaluate the movement of water within tissue, diffusion-weighted MRI represents another promising technique, and several studies have utilized diffusion techniques for the evaluation of the glymphatic system. This review will discuss the findings of these diffusion studies. Level of Evidence: 5 Technical Efficacy: Stage 3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:11-24.

DOI： 10.1002/jmri.26892

Comprehensive Evaluation of B1+-corrected FISP-based Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting: Accuracy, Repeatability and Reproducibility of T1 and T2 Relaxation Times for ISMRM/NIST System Phantom and Volunteers. Reviewed

Yutaka Kato, Kazushige Ichikawa, Kuniyasu Okudaira, Toshiaki Taoka, Hirokazu Kawaguchi, Katsutoshi Murata, Katsuya Maruyama, Gregor Koerzdoerfer, Josef Pfeuffer, Mathias Nittka, Shinji Naganawa

Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Vol. 19 ( 3 ) page： 168 - 175 2020

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate comprehensively; accuracy, repeatability and reproducibility of T1 and T2 relaxation times measured by magnetic resonance fingerprinting using B1+-corrected fast imaging with steady-state precession (FISP-MRF). METHODS: The International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine/National Institute of Standards and Technology (ISMRM/NIST) phantom was scanned for 100 days, and six healthy volunteers for 5 days using a FISP-MRF prototype sequence. Accuracy was evaluated on the phantom by comparing relaxation times measured by FISP-MRF with the reference values provided by the phantom manufacturer. Daily repeatability was characterized as the coefficient of variation (CV) of the measurements over 100 days for the phantom and over 5 days for volunteers. In addition, the cross-scanner reproducibility was evaluated in volunteers. RESULTS: In the phantom study, T1 and T2 values from FISP-MRF showed a strong linear correlation with the reference values of the phantom (R2 = 0.9963 for T1; R2 = 0.9966 for T2). CVs were <1.0% for T1 values larger than 300 ms, and <3.0% for T2 values across a wide range. In the volunteer study, CVs for both T1 and T2 values were <5.0%, except for one subject. In addition, all T2 values estimated by FISP-MRF in vivo were lower than those measured with conventional mapping sequences reported in previous studies. The cross-scanner variation of T1 and T2 showed good agreement between two different scanners in the volunteers. CONCLUSION: B1+-corrected FISP-MRF showed an acceptable accuracy, repeatability and reproducibility in the phantom and volunteer studies.

DOI： 10.2463/mrms.mp.2019-0016

The Space between the Pial Sheath and the Cortical Venous Wall May Connect to the Meningeal Lymphatics. Reviewed

Shinji Naganawa, Rintaro Ito, Toshiaki Taoka, Tadao Yoshida, Michihiko Sone

Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Vol. 19 ( 1 ) page： 1 - 4 2020

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

We currently obtain pre- and post-contrast enhanced whole brain 3D-real inversion recovery images for the evaluation of endolymphatic hydrops. We noticed that the space between the pial sheath surrounding the cortical veins and the cortical venous wall is enhanced and this enhancement seems to connect to the meningeal lymphatics along superior sagittal sinus. This new anatomical concept regarding the outflow from the glymphatic system might be important for the future research in neuroscience.

DOI： 10.2463/mrms.bc.2019-0099

Detection of IV-gadolinium Leakage from the Cortical Veins into the CSF Using MR Fingerprinting. Reviewed

Shinji Naganawa, Toshiki Nakane, Hisashi Kawai, Toshiaki Taoka, Hirokazu Kawaguchi, Katsuya Maruyama, Katsutoshi Murata, Gregor Körzdörfer, Josef Pfeuffer, Mathias Nittka, Michihiko Sone

Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Vol. 19 ( 2 ) page： 141 - 146 2020

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

PURPOSE: It has been reported that leakage of intravenously administered gadolinium-based contrast agents (IV-GBCAs) into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the cortical veins even in healthy subjects can be detected using a highly sensitive pulse sequence such as heavily T2-weighted 3D fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and 3D-real inversion recovery (IR). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of MR fingerprinting to detect GBCA leakage from the cortical veins after IV-GBCA. MATERIALS: Fourteen patients with suspected endolymphatic hydrops (EH) who received a single dose of IV-GBCA (39-79 years old) were included. The real IR images as well as MR fingerprinting images were obtained at 4 h after IV-GBCA. T1 and T2 values were obtained using MR fingerprinting and analyzed in ROIs covering intense GBCA leakage, and non-leakage areas of the CSF as determined on real IR images. The scan time for real IR imaging was 10 min and that for MR fingerprinting was 41 s. RESULTS: The mean T1 value of the ROI in the area of GBCA leakage was 2422 ± 261 ms and that in the non-leakage area was 3851 ± 235 ms (P < 0.01). There was no overlap between the T1 values in the area of GBCA leakage and those in the non-leakage area.The mean T2 value in the area of GBCA leakage was 319 ± 90 ms and that in the non-leakage area was 670 ± 166 ms (P < 0.01). There was some overlap between the T2 values in the area of GBCA leakage and those in the non-leakage area. CONCLUSION: Leaked GBCA from the cortical veins into the surrounding CSF can be detected using MR fingerprinting obtained in <1 min.

DOI： 10.2463/mrms.mp.2019-0048

Confirmation of Age-dependence in the Leakage of Contrast Medium around the Cortical Veins into Cerebrospinal Fluid after Intravenous Administration of Gadolinium-based Contrast Agent. Reviewed

Shinji Naganawa, Rintaro Ito, Hisashi Kawai, Toshiaki Taoka, Tadao Yoshida, Michihiko Sone

Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Vol. 19 ( 4 ) page： 375 - 381 2020

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

PURPOSE: It has been reported previously that intravenously administered gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) leaks into the subarachnoid space around the cortical veins at 4 h after injection in all old people over 37 years, but not in younger people up to 37 years of age in 3D-real IR images. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there was a strict threshold of 37 years of age for the leakage of the GBCA into the subarachnoid space. METHODS: The subjects included 190 patients, that were scanned for 3D-real IR images at 4 hours after intravenous injection of GBCA as a diagnostic test for endolymphatic hydrops. The patient's age ranged from 14 to 81 years. Two experienced neuroradiologists evaluated the images to determine whether the GBCA leakage around the cortical veins was positive or negative. Any discrepancies between the two observers were discussed and a consensus was obtained.A Mann-Whitney U test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used to compare the positive and the negative group and to set the age cut-off value for the prediction of GBCA leakage. RESULTS: The GBCA leakage around the cortical veins was negative in 35 patients and positive in 155 patients. The average age was 33 ± 11 years in the negative group, and 55 ± 12 years in the positive group (P < 0.01). In the ROC analysis for the age and leakage of the GBCA, an area under the curve was 0.905 and the cut-off age was 37.317 years (sensitivity of 0.942 and specificity of 0.771). CONCLUSION: Intravenously administered GBCA leaks into the subarachnoid space around the cortical veins in most patients over 37 years of age. However, it should be noted that it can be found occasionally in patients under 37 years of age.

DOI： 10.2463/mrms.mp.2019-0182

Computer-assisted cognitive remediation therapy for patients with schizophrenia induces microstructural changes in cerebellar regions involved in cognitive functions. Reviewed International journal

Matsuoka K, Morimoto T, Matsuda Y, Yasuno F, Taoka T, Miyasaka T, Yoshikawa H, Takahashi M, Kitamura S, Kichikawa K, Kishimoto T

Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging Vol. 292 page： 41 - 46 2019.10

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Previous studies have reported that cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) improves cognitive deficits in patents with schizophrenia. However, few studies have focused on the underlying structural alterations in the brain following Vocational Cognitive Ability Training by the Japanese Cognitive Rehabilitation Program for Schizophrenia (VCAT-J). In this study, we analyzed changes in diffusion tensor imaging parameters in 31 patients with schizophrenia after 12 weeks of intervention consisting of standard treatment alone or standard treatment plus VCAT-J, in order to determine the effect of the latter on white matter microstructural plasticity. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Japanese version of the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS-J) scale. The CRT group exhibited significant improvements in verbal fluency and composite BACS-J scores, relative to the treatment-as-usual (TAU) group. In addition, the CRT group exhibited significantly increased fractional anisotropy (FA) values, along with significantly decreased radial (RD) and mean diffusivity (MD) values, in the posterior lobe of the left cerebellum. Changes in RD and MD values were negatively correlated with changes in BACS-J composite scores. These suggest that VCAT-J might mediate improvements in myelin sheath composition in the posterior lobe of the left cerebellum, which may have been associated with improvements in cognitive function.

DOI： 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.09.001

Reorganization of brain networks and its association with general cognitive performance over the adult lifespan. Reviewed International journal

Epifanio Bagarinao, Hirohisa Watanabe, Satoshi Maesawa, Daisuke Mori, Kazuhiro Hara, Kazuya Kawabata, Noritaka Yoneyama, Reiko Ohdake, Kazunori Imai, Michihito Masuda, Takamasa Yokoi, Aya Ogura, Toshiaki Taoka, Shuji Koyama, Hiroki C Tanabe, Masahisa Katsuno, Toshihiko Wakabayashi, Masafumi Kuzuya, Norio Ozaki, Minoru Hoshiyama, Haruo Isoda, Shinji Naganawa, Gen Sobue

Scientific reports Vol. 9 ( 1 ) page： 11352 - 11352 2019.8

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Healthy aging is associated with structural and functional changes in the brain even in individuals who are free of neurodegenerative diseases. Using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from a carefully selected cohort of participants, we examined cross sectional changes in the functional organization of several large-scale brain networks over the adult lifespan and its potential association with general cognitive performance. Converging results from multiple analyses at the voxel, node, and network levels showed widespread reorganization of functional brain networks with increasing age. Specifically, the primary processing (visual and sensorimotor) and visuospatial (dorsal attention) networks showed diminished network integrity, while the so-called core neurocognitive (executive control, salience, and default mode) and basal ganglia networks exhibited relatively preserved between-network connections. The visuospatial and precuneus networks also showed significantly more widespread increased connectivity with other networks. Graph analysis suggested that this reorganization progressed towards a more integrated network topology. General cognitive performance, assessed by Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-Revised total score, was positively correlated with between-network connectivity among the core neurocognitive and basal ganglia networks and the integrity of the primary processing and visuospatial networks. Mediation analyses further indicated that the observed association between aging and relative decline in cognitive performance could be mediated by changes in relevant functional connectivity measures. Overall, these findings provided further evidence supporting widespread age-related brain network reorganization and its potential association with general cognitive performance during healthy aging.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-019-47922-x

Increased signal intensity of low-concentration gadolinium contrast agent by longer repetition time in heavily T2-weighted-3D-FLAIR. Reviewed

Yutaka Kato, Kiminori Bokura, Toshiaki Taoka, Shinji Naganawa

Japanese journal of radiology Vol. 37 ( 5 ) page： 431 - 435 2019.5

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

PURPOSE: To apply for detecting low-concentration gadolinium contrast agent (Gd), such as those in the perilymph and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) at 4 h after intravenous administrations (IV), we tried to clarify the degree of increased signal intensity (SI) of low-concentration Gd by longer repetition time (TR) in heavily T2-weighed 3D-FLAIR. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A phantom was designed using Gd diluted with saline at 0.250-0.008 mM and obtained images by varying the TR from 9000 to 16,000. We measured the SI of five slices for each concentration and compared the mean SI (SImean) values. Normalized SI (SInorm) values, defined as the SImean value of each TR divided by the SImean value of 9000-ms TR for each concentration were compared. RESULTS: Longer TR increased the SImean values in all solutions. In the 0.250 mM solution, the SImean value of 16,000-ms TR was 1.07-times greater than that of 9000-ms TR. In contrast, the SImean value of 16,000-ms TR was 1.67-times greater than that of 9000-ms TR in 0.008 mM solution. CONCLUSION: SI increased with longer TR and lower Gd concentration. Thus, longer TR was useful in detecting low-concentration Gd, such as those in the perilymph and CSF at 4 h after IV.

DOI： 10.1007/s11604-019-00828-0

特集症候別画像診断プロトコル病期診断および再発チェック　頸動脈プラークイメージ[MRI]

田岡俊昭

臨床画像 Vol. 35 ( 13 ) page： 120 - 121 2019.4

特集症候別画像診断プロトコル 3T MRI独特のシーケンス　MRS

田岡俊昭

臨床画像 Vol. 35 ( 13 ) page： 156 - 158 2019.4

特集症候別画像診断プロトコル 3T MRI独特のシーケンス　拡散テンソル画像

田岡俊昭

臨床画像 Vol. 35 ( 13 ) page： 159 - 161 2019.4

Can low b value diffusion weighted imaging evaluate the character of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics? Reviewed

Toshiaki Taoka, Shinji Naganawa, Hisashi Kawai, Toshiki Nakane, Katsutoshi Murata

Japanese journal of radiology Vol. 37 ( 2 ) page： 135 - 144 2019.2

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

PURPOSE: We aimed to investigate whether low b value diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can show the change of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subjects of this retrospective study consisted of patients with ventricular dilatation (n = 50) and controls (n = 50). The CSF signal intensity on the b = 500 s/mm2 DWI was evaluated by a scoring method in the lateral, 3rd and 4th ventricles, the cerebral sulci and the Sylvian fissure. The signal void findings adjacent to the septum pellucidum were also evaluated. RESULTS: The CSF signal intensities were significantly less in lateral ventricle and 3rd ventricle of the ventricular dilatation subjects. In controls, the score for the signal void in the Sylvian fissure showed a significant positive correlation with age. However, other areas did not show a significant correlation with age. The appearance of the characteristic signal void adjacent to the septum pellucidum showed a significant correlation with ventricular dilatation. CONCLUSION: Our current study suggests that the CSF signal intensity on the b = 500 s/mm2 DWI may show the changes in CSF dynamics and might be useful to evaluate the overlook of CSF dynamics.

DOI： 10.1007/s11604-018-0790-8