研究者詳細 - 塩川　和夫

論文 - 塩川　和夫

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Microscopic Observations of Pulsating Aurora Associated With Chorus Element Structures: Coordinated Arase Satellite-PWING Observations 査読有り

Ozaki M., Shiokawa K., Miyoshi Y., Hosokawa K., Oyama S., Yagitani S., Kasahara Y., Kasaba Y., Matsuda S., Kataoka R., Ebihara Y., Ogawa Y., Otsuka Y., Kurita S., Moore R. C., Tanaka Y. -M., Nose M., Nagatsuma T., Connors M., Nishitani N., Katoh Y., Hikishima M., Kumamoto A., Tsuchiya F., Kadokura A., Nishiyama T., Inoue T., Imamura K., Matsuoka A., Shinohara I.

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 45 巻 ( 22 ) 頁： 12125 - 12134 2018年11月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Geophysical Research Letters

Rapid (<1 s) intensity modulation of pulsating auroras is caused by successive chorus elements as a response to wave-particle interactions in the magnetosphere. Here we found that a pulsating auroral patch responds to the time spacing for successive chorus elements and possibly to chorus subpacket structures with a time scale of tens of milliseconds. These responses were identified from coordinated Arase satellite and ground (Gakona, Alaska) observations with a high-speed auroral imager (100 Hz). The temporal variations of auroral intensity in a few-hertz frequency range exhibited a spatial concentration at the lower-latitude edge of the auroral patch. The spatial evolution of the auroral patch showed repeated expansion/contraction with tens of kilometer scales in the ionosphere, which could be spatial behaviors in the wave-particle interactions. These observations indicate that chorus elements evolve coherently within the auroral patch, which is approximately 900 km in the radial and longitudinal directions at the magnetic equator.

DOI： 10.1029/2018GL079812

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Statistical Analysis of SAR Arc Detachment From the Main Oval Based on 11-Year, AII-sky Imaging Observation at Athabasca, Canada 査読有り

Takagi Yuki, Shiokawa Kazuo, Otsuka Yuichi, Connors Martin, Schofield Ian

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 45 巻 ( 21 ) 頁： 11539 - 11546 2018年11月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Geophysical Research Letters

We report the first statistical analysis of stable auroral red (SAR) arc detachments from the main auroral oval, using 630-nm all-sky cooled-Charge Coupled Device images obtained at Athabasca (magnetic latitude = 61.7°N), Canada. SAR arc detachments from the main oval can be an important way of monitoring the characteristics of ring current particle injection in the inner magnetosphere. We analyzed all-sky images obtained for 11 years from 2006 to 2016 and found 163 SAR arc detachment events. The SAR arc detachments tend to occur in the premidnight sector, indicating the ring current ion drift to the dusk sector. The SAR arc detachments also tend to occur at the beginning of the substorm recovery phase, suggesting that the SAR arcs detach from the main oval as the main auroral oval returns to higher latitudes. The equatorward velocities of detached SAR arcs are from −100 m/s (poleward) to +200 m/s (equatorward), corresponding to magnetospheric electric fields from −1 to +2 mV/m.

DOI： 10.1029/2018GL079615

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Variability of the Sun and Its Terrestrial Impacts 査読有り

Georgieva Katya, Shiokawa Kazuo

JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS 180 巻頁： 1 - 2 2018年11月

Statistical Study of Phase Relationship Between Magnetic and Plasma Pressures in the Near-Earth Nightside Magnetosphere Using the THEMIS-E Satellite 査読有り

Nishi Katsuki, Shiokawa Kazuo, Glassmeier Karl-Heinz, Mieth Johannes Z. D.

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS 123 巻 ( 11 ) 頁： 9517 - 9531 2018年11月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

Distributions of plasma and magnetic pressures are the basic information to investigate macroscopic dynamics of the Earth's magnetosphere. Several studies have been made on magnetic and plasma pressures and macroscopic plasma instabilities in the magnetosphere. However, correlation between magnetic and plasma pressure variations has not been statistically investigated. In this paper, we analyze the statistical characteristics of the phase relationships between variations of magnetic and plasma pressures at frequencies of 4–15 mHz using 2 years of the THEMIS-E satellite data in the nightside magnetosphere. Spectral peaks with coherence greater than 0.85 between magnetic and plasma pressures for 1-hr time segments were selected. The average occurrence rates of the phase relationships are antiphase (within ±10∘ from 180°), 39.75%; in-phase (within ±10∘ from 0°), 0.73%; and other phases (10–170°), 49.83%. For the other-phase events, the phase differences are much closer to antiphase rather than to in-phase. Thus, we conclude that the two pressure variations tend to be antiphase. The antiphase and in-phase relationships are observed mainly at radial distances outside 8 RE and inside 8 RE, respectively. The high occurrence region of antiphase relationship is in the dawnside during magnetically quiet times and shifts to dusk side at active times defined as Dst <−10 nT. The occurrence rates of the phase relationships do not change significantly depending on the AE and Dst indices, plasma β, and IMF-Bz. Based on these results, we discuss the correspondence between the phase relationships and the possible magnetohydrodynamic force balances that can produce these phase relationships.

DOI： 10.1029/2018JA025846

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サブオーロラ帯におけるEMIC波動と高エネルギー電子降下観測

平井あすか, 土屋史紀, 小原隆博, 笠羽康正, 加藤雄人, 三澤浩昭, 塩川和夫, 三好由純, 栗田怜, Martin Connors

宇宙航空研究開発機構特別資料: 第15回「宇宙環境シンポジウム」講演論文集頁： 11 - 16 2018年11月

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

放射線帯外帯の相対論的電子は、磁気圏内で発生するプラズマ波動との相互作用により散乱され地球大気に降下する。この過程は、磁気嵐の主相における外帯消失の要因の一つと考えられており、降下した相対論的電子は、国際宇宙ステーションや低軌道衛星への悪影響、下部電離圏での電子密度増加に伴う通信障害を引き起こし得る。本研究では、放射線帯の相対論的電子を降下消失させる電磁イオンサイクロトロン（EMIC）波動に着目した。電子降下は、VLF/LF帯の人工電波を用いて観測した。地上と電離圏下端の間を長距離伝搬する電波の信号は、電子降下に伴う電離圏D領域高度での局所的な擾乱により振幅・位相変調をうける。本研究では、複合地上観測により、2017年3月27日の磁気嵐主相時のEMIC波動とそれに伴う相対論的電子降下の時空間対応を調べた。その結果、数10秒から数分の時間スケールで変化するEMIC波動強度の増大時に、相対論的電子が散乱され大気に降下消失することが明らかとなった。

Purple Auroral Rays and Global Pc1 Pulsations Observed at the CIR-Associated Solar Wind Density Enhancement on 21 March 2017 査読有り

Shiokawa K., Ozaki M., Kadokura A., Endo Y., Sakanoi T., Kurita S., Miyoshi Y., Oyama S. -I., Connors M., Schofield I., Ruohoniemi J. M., Nose M., Nagatsuma T., Sakaguchi K., Baishev D. G., Pashinin A., Rakhmatulin R., Shevtsov B., Poddelsky I., Engebretson M., Raita Tero, Tanaka Y. -M., Shinohara M., Teramoto M., Nomura R., Fujimoto A., Matsuoka A., Higashio N., Takashima T., Shinohara I., Albert Jay M.

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 45 巻 ( 20 ) 頁： 10819 - 10828 2018年10月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Geophysical Research Letters

This paper reports two unique auroral features: postmidnight purple auroral rays and global Pc1 geomagnetic pulsations, observed before the onset of the corotating interaction region (CIR) storm of 21 March 2017, at the beginning of the first campaign of the new Particles and Waves in the Inner magnetosphere using Ground-based network observation (PWING) longitudinal ground network with the Arase satellite. The purple auroral rays were observed from ~0315 to 0430 UT (~03–04 magnetic local time) in the northeastern sky at Husafell, Iceland (magnetic latitude: 64.9°N). We newly propose that the entry of high-density CIR plasma into the magnetotail created purple auroral rays in the sunlit ionosphere. Pc1 geomagnetic pulsations at frequencies of 0–0.5 Hz were observed after ~00 UT over a wide local time range, of 13 hr, from midnight to afternoon sectors at subauroral latitudes associated with CIR arrival. These results indicate preconditioning of the magnetosphere due to crossing of a CIR.

DOI： 10.1029/2018GL079103

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Global Distribution of ULF Waves During Magnetic Storms: Comparison of Arase, Ground Observations, and BATSRUSC plus CRCM Simulation 査読有り

Takahashi Naoko, Seki Kanako, Teramoto Mariko, Fok Mei-Ching, Zheng Yihua, Matsuoka Ayako, Higashio Nana, Shiokawa Kazuo, Baishev Dmitry, Yoshikawa Akimasa, Nagatsuma Tsutomu

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 45 巻 ( 18 ) 頁： 9390 - 9397 2018年9月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Geophysical Research Letters

During 26–29 March 2017 magnetic storm, the Arase satellite observed typical ultra low frequency (ULF) waves and acceleration of relativistic electrons. We simulate the global distribution of these ULF waves using CRCM with BATSRUS global magnetospheric magnetohydrodynamic model. The simulation can qualitatively reproduce the ULF waves observed by Arase at frequencies of 2–3 mHz. However, the simulated ULF wave power is 1–2 orders of magnitude smaller than the observation. The simulated ULF wave activity has a good correlation with the solar-wind dynamic pressure variation, while the wave activity on the ground is enhanced even during the recovery phase, possibly due to the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and/or substorms. We also study the 3–6 April 2017 magnetic storm, in which low ULF wave activity and weak acceleration of relativistic electrons are seen. We suggest that the existence of ULF waves plays an important role in accelerating electrons up to relativistic energies.

DOI： 10.1029/2018GL078857

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Investigation of Nighttime MSTIDS Observed by Optical Thermosphere Imagers at Low Latitudes: Morphology, Propagation Direction, and Wind Filtering 査読有り

Figueiredo C. A. O. B., Takahashi H., Wrasse C. M., Otsuka Y., Shiokawa K., Barros D.

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS 123 巻 ( 9 ) 頁： 7843 - 7857 2018年9月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

Different types of medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) have been observed at Cachoeira Paulista (22.4°S; 45.0°W), Brazil, from June 2013 to December 2015, using airglow OI 630.0-nm images. During the period, 58 MSTIDs were identified and classified as follows: dark band MSTIDs (around 10 events) and periodic MSTIDs (48 events). Dark band MSTIDs present phase velocity between 50 and 200 m/s and propagation direction to northwestward. On the other hand, periodic MSTIDs have phase velocity of 50 to 200 m/s, horizontal wavelengths from 80 to 160 km, periods ranging between 5 and 45 min, and propagation directions are mainly north-northeastward. The wave parameters indicate that periodic MSTIDs have different characteristics when compared to dark band MSTIDs, suggesting that periodic MSTIDs are not generated through the well-known Perkins and E-F coupling instability. In addition to it, the present study indicates that the spectral characteristics found in Brazil are different from other regions such as Japan and Indonesia. Therefore, we intend to do the statistics of the wave parameters (wavelength, phase velocity, period, propagation direction, and time occurrence) and investigate the generation mechanisms of periodic MSTIDs at low to middle latitude for the first time. Furthermore, the anisotropy observed in periodic MSTID propagation direction can be explained by different mechanisms.

DOI： 10.1029/2018JA025438

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Magnetospheric Source Region of Auroral Finger-like Structures Observed by the RBSP-A Satellite 査読有り

Nishi Katsuki, Shiokawa Kazuo, Spence Harlan

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS 123 巻 ( 9 ) 頁： 7513 - 7522 2018年9月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

Auroral finger-like structures appear equatorward of the auroral oval in the diffuse auroral region and contribute to the auroral fragmentation into patches. A previous report of the first conjugate observation of auroral finger-like structures using a Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) Ground-Based Observatories camera and the THEMIS-E satellite at a radial distance of ∼8 RE showed antiphase oscillations of magnetic and plasma pressures in the dawnside plasma sheet. In the present study, we report another simultaneous observation of auroral finger-like structures at Gillam, Canada, at ∼0900 UT (0230 magnetic local time) on 14 November 2014 with the Radiation Belt Storm Probes satellites at 5.8 RE in the inner magnetosphere. From this simultaneous observation event, we obtained the following observations. (1) Auroral finger-like structures developed poleward in the equatorward moving auroral arc at the equatorward edge of the auroral oval. (2) Both the electron and ion OMNI fluxes measured by HOPE increased at ∼0900 UT as the satellite footprint entered the auroral region, indicating that the satellite was crossing the observed auroral finger-like structures. (3) The absolute value of magnetic pressure was several times that of the plasma pressure, and no systematic phase relationship was identified between the magnetic and plasma pressures, unlike that in the THEMIS case. Based on these observations, we discuss two possible causes of the observed finger-like structures, namely, pressure-driven instability in the magnetosphere and gradient drift instability in the ionosphere. In this paper, the latter possibility is newly suggested to develop in the equatorward moving aurora associated with the westward electric field in the equatorward ionospheric density gradient.

DOI： 10.1029/2018JA025480

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Comparison of gravity wave propagation direction observed by mesospheric airglow imaging at three different latitudes by using M-transform 査読有り

Septi Perwitasari, Takuji Nakamura, Masaru Kogure, Yoshihiro Tomikawa, Mitsumu K. Ejiri, Kazuo Shiokawa

Annales Geophysicae Discussions 頁： 1 - 15 2018年9月

Statistical Analysis of the Phase Velocity Distribution of Mesospheric and Ionospheric Waves Observed in Airglow Images Over a 16-Year Period: Comparison Between Rikubetsu and Shigaraki, Japan 査読有り

Tsuchiya Satoshi, Shiokawa Kazuo, Fujinami Hatsuki, Otsuka Yuichi, Nakamura Takuji, Yamamoto Mamoru

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS 123 巻 ( 8 ) 頁： 6930-6947 2018年8月

EMIC Wave Events During the Four GEM QARBM Challenge Intervals 査読有り

Engebretson M. J., Posch J. L., Braun D. J., Li W., Ma Q., Kellerman A. C., Huang C. -L., Kanekal S. G., Kletzing C. A., Wygant J. R., Spence H. E., Baker D. N., Fennell J. F., Angelopoulos V., Singer H. J., Lessard M. R., Horne R. B., Raita T., Shiokawa K., Rakhmatulin R., Dmitriev E., Ermakova E.

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS 123 巻 ( 8 ) 頁： 6394 - 6423 2018年8月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

This paper presents observations of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves from multiple data sources during the four Geospace Environment Modeling challenge events in 2013 selected by the Geospace Environment Modeling Quantitative Assessment of Radiation Belt Modeling focus group: 17 and 18 March (stormtime enhancement), 31 May to 2 June (stormtime dropout), 19 and 20 September (nonstorm enhancement), and 23–25 September (nonstorm dropout). Observations include EMIC wave data from the Van Allen Probes, Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite, and Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms spacecraft in the near-equatorial magnetosphere and from several arrays of ground-based search coil magnetometers worldwide, as well as localized ring current proton precipitation data from low-altitude Polar Operational Environmental Satellite spacecraft. Each of these data sets provides only limited spatial coverage, but their combination shows consistent occurrence patterns and reveals some events that would not be identified as significant using near-equatorial spacecraft alone. Relativistic and ultrarelativistic electron flux observations, phase space density data, and pitch angle distributions based on data from the Relativistic Electron-Proton Telescope and Magnetic Electron Ion Spectrometer instruments on the Van Allen Probes during these events show two cases during which EMIC waves are likely to have played an important role in causing major flux dropouts of ultrarelativistic electrons, particularly near L* ~4.0. In three other cases, identifiable smaller and more short-lived dropouts appeared, and in five other cases, these waves evidently had little or no effect.

DOI： 10.1029/2018JA025505

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On the Role of Thermospheric Winds and Sporadic <i>E</i> Layers in the Formation and Evolution of Electrified MSTIDs in Geomagnetic Conjugate Regions 査読有り

Narayanan V. L., Shiokawa K., Otsuka Y., Neudegg D.

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS 123 巻 ( 8 ) 頁： 6957 - 6980 2018年8月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

The electrified medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (EMSTIDs) occurring as geomagnetically conjugate features in the middle latitude F region ionosphere are studied using multi-instrument observations. Airglow imaging of OI 630 nm emission over Sata, Japan, and Darwin, Australia, are used to identify the occurrence of EMSTIDs. Thermospheric wind measurements made with the Fabry-Perot interferometer observations of OI 630 nm from Shigaraki, Japan, and Darwin, Australia, are used along with ionosonde observations over Yamagawa, Japan, and Darwin, Australia, to study the thermospheric and ionospheric characteristics. These are the first results from such multi-instrument observations simultaneously made from geomagnetic conjugate locations. Our results show that the amplitudes of the EMSTIDs are often different between the hemispheres. Thermospheric meridional winds appear to control the EMSTID amplitudes in the respective hemisphere. However, EMSTIDs are generated only when there is significant sporadic E activity with foEs often reaching greater than 6 MHz and (foEs − fbEs) reaching above 5 MHz at least for a short duration occurred. Existence of strong sporadic E activity on one of the hemispheres is found to be sufficient enough for generation of EMSTIDs in the conjugate F regions. These results conclusively indicate the importance of sporadic E layers in the generation of EMSTIDs. Further, it shows the significance of interhemispheric coupling between the E and F region ionospheres in the formation of EMSTIDs while their amplitudes in the respective hemispheres appear to have control of thermospheric neutral winds in the same hemisphere.

DOI： 10.1029/2018JA025261

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Geospace exploration project ERG 査読有り

Miyoshi Yoshizumi, Shinohara Iku, Takashima Takeshi, Asamura Kazushi, Higashio Nana, Mitani Takefumi, Kasahara Satoshi, Yokota Shoichiro, Kazama Yoichi, Wang Shiang-Yu, Tam Sunny W. Y., Ho Paul T. P., Kasahara Yoshiya, Kasaba Yasumasa, Yagitani Satoshi, Matsuoka Ayako, Kojima Hirotsugu, Katoh Yuto, Shiokawa Kazuo, Seki Kanako

EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE 70 巻 ( 1 ) 2018年6月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Earth, Planets and Space

The Exploration of energization and Radiation in Geospace (ERG) project explores the acceleration, transport, and loss of relativistic electrons in the radiation belts and the dynamics for geospace storms. This project consists of three research teams for satellite observation, ground-based network observation, and integrated data analysis/simulation. This synergetic approach is essential for obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the relativistic electron generation/loss processes of the radiation belts as well as geospace storms through cross-energy/cross-regional couplings, in which different plasma/particle populations and regions are strongly coupled with each other. This paper gives an overview of the ERG project and presents the initial results from the ERG (Arase) satellite.[Figure not available: see fulltext.]

DOI： 10.1186/s40623-018-0862-0

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Equatorial plasma bubble seeding by MSTIDs in the ionosphere 査読有り

Takahashi Hisao, Wrasse Cristiano Max, Oliveira Barros Figueiredo Cosme Alexandre, Barros Diego, Abdu Mangalathayil Ali, Otsuka Yuichi, Shiokawa Kazuo

PROGRESS IN EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE 5 巻 2018年6月

Periodic Oscillations in the <i>D</i> Region Ionosphere After the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Using LF Standard Radio Waves 査読有り

Ohya Hiroyo, Tsuchiya Fuminori, Takishita Yuta, Shinagawa Hiroyuki, Nozaki Kenro, Shiokawa Kazuo

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS 123 巻 ( 6 ) 頁： 5261 - 5270 2018年6月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

We report the first observations of ~100-s periodic oscillations of intensity in low-frequency (LF) standard radio waves over Japan at 05:51–05:56 UT, which was about 4 min and 42 s after mainshock onset of “the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku earthquake” on 11 March 2011 (Mw 9.0). The LF radio wave propagation paths used in this study were JJY (Japan, 60 kHz)-Rikubetsu (RKB, Japan), and BPC (China, 68.5 kHz)-RKB, where the minimum distances between the epicenter and the LF propagation paths were 413.6 and 561.5 km, respectively. The observed modulations in intensity and phase were about 0.1 dB and 0.5°, respectively. Based on a numerical simulation of the neutral atmosphere and the wave-hop method, the occurrence time of the ~100-s periodic oscillations was in good agreement with the total propagation time of the Rayleigh wave that spread concentrically from the epicenter to the LF propagation paths and acoustic waves propagating vertically from the Earth's surface to the bottom of the ionosphere. Variations in synthesized electric field intensity of ground waves and sky waves, calculated by the wave hop method up to 10 hops, reproduced similar ~100-s periodic oscillations that were caused by the difference in arrival time of the acoustic waves excited by the Rayleigh waves at each hop point. The amplitude of the D region electron density variations at 70 km altitude during the ~100-s periodic oscillation was estimated to be about 1% compared to the background electron density, based on the numerical simulation.

DOI： 10.1029/2018JA025289

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Medium-Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Observed by Detrended Total Electron Content Maps Over Brazil 査読有り

Figueiredo C. A. O. B., Takahashi H., Wrasse C. M., Otsuka Y., Shiokawa K., Barros D.

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS 123 巻 ( 3 ) 頁： 2215-2227 2018年3月

Discovery of 1Hz Range Modulation of Isolated Proton Aurora at Subauroral Latitudes

Ozaki M., Shiokawa K., Miyoshi Y., Kataoka R., Connors M., Inoue T., Yagitani S., Ebihara Y., Jun C. -W., Nomura R., Sakaguchi K., Otsuka Y., Uchida H. A., Schofield I., Danskin D. W.

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS 45 巻 ( 3 ) 頁： 1209-1217 2018年2月

地球の内部磁気圏のプラズマ変動に起因するオーロラ・電磁場変動の観測査読有り

塩川和夫

日本物理学会講演概要集 73.1 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 766 - 766 2018年

First Study on the Occurrence Frequency of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles over West Africa Using an All-Sky Airglow Imager and GNSS Receivers

Okoh Daniel, Rabiu Babatunde, Shiokawa Kazuo, Otsuka Yuichi, Segun Bolaji, Falayi Elijah, Onwuneme Sylvester, Kaka Rafiat

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS 122 巻 ( 12 ) 頁： 12430-12444 2017年12月

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