研究者詳細 - 矢野　勝也

論文 - 矢野　勝也

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Regulation of rhizosphere acidification by photosynthetic activity in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) seedlings 査読有り

Rao, T.P., Yano, K., Iijima, M., Yamauchi, A. and Tatsumi, J

Annals of Botany 89 巻頁： 213-220 2002年1月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

In contrast to cereals or other crops, legumes are known to acidify the rhizosphere even when supplied with nitrates. This phenomenon has been attributed to N-2 fixation allowing excess uptake of cations over anions; however, as we have found previously, the exposure of the shoot to illumination can cause rhizosphere acidification in the absence of N-2 fixation in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp). In this study, we examined whether the light-induced acidification can relate to photosynthetic activity and corresponding alterations in cation-anion uptake ratios. The changes of rhizosphere pH along the root axis were visualized using a pH indicator agar gel. The intensity of pH changes (alkalization/acidification) in the rhizosphere was expressed in proton fluxes, which were obtained by processing the images of the pH indicator agar gel. The uptake of cations and anions was measured in nutrient solution. The rhizosphere was alkalinized in the dark but acidified with exposure of the shoots to light. The extent of light-induced acidification was increased with leaf size and intensity of illumination on the shoot, and completely stopped with the application of photosynthesis inhibitor. Although the uptake of cations was significantly lower than that of anions, the rhizosphere was acidified by light exposure. Proton pump inhibitors N,N'-dicyclohexyl carbodimide and vanadate could not stop the light-induced acidification. The results indicate that light-induced acidification in cowpea seedlings is regulated by photosynthetic activity, but is not due to excess uptake of cations.

Regulation of phosphorus solubilization by light conditions on shoot in legumes.

Rao, T.P., Yano, K., Yamauchi, A., Tatsumi, J., Iijima, M.

Plant nutrition-Food security and sustainability of agro-ecosystems. Kluwer Academic Publishers 頁： 558-559 2001年

トウモロコシ根系が発揮する可塑性の窒素獲得における意義

田中佐知子・山内章・矢野勝也・飯嶋盛雄・巽二郎

根の研究 9 巻頁： 167-171 2000年12月

微少土壌孔隙水のδ ¹⁸ O 値の測定と土壌ー大気圏水循環研究への応用

"矢野勝也,山内章,上田豊,藤田耕史"

2000年9月

Rhizosphere pH changes induced by exposure of shoot to light 査読有り

Rao, T.P., Yano, K., Yamauchi, A. and Tatsumi, J

Plant Production Science 3 巻頁： 101-107 2000年6月

A simple method for quantitative estimation of rhizosphere pH along root axes through visualization

Rao, T.P., Yano, K., Yamauchi, A. and Tatsumi, J

Plant Production Science 3 巻頁： 94-100 2000年6月

断根処理に伴うキャッサバキャノピー熱画像の経時的変化-異なる土壌水分条件下における品種間比較-

日本作物学会東海支部会報 127 巻頁： 19-22 1999年

Arbuscular mycorrhizal formation in undisturbed soil counteracts compacted soil stress for pigeon pea 査読有り

Yano, K., Yamauchi, A., Iijima, M. and Kono, Y

Applied Soil Ecology 10 巻 ( 1-2 ) 頁： 95-102 1998年10月

担当区分：筆頭著者記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Plant growth is sometimes restricted with soil compaction under no-tillage conditions, although undisturbed soils are favorable to arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi of a symbiont. We examined growth responses of the pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) to soil disturbance and inoculation with an AM fungus (Gigaspora margarita Pecker & Hall) in a pot experiment. The AM fungal inoculum was added to the soil and wheat was grown. After 6 months the shoot of wheat was removed and the soil was either disturbed or remained undisturbed. Subsequently, pigeon pea was grown and harvested after 3 months. The colonization and spore density of Gigaspora were significantly greater in undisturbed soil than in disturbed soil. Undisturbed soil showed higher penetrometer resistance and resulted in impaired shoot growth of the pigeon pea with lower shoot-to-root (S/R) ratio than disturbed soil. However, inoculation with the AM fungus reduced the stress impact of undisturbed soil on the pigeon pea without affecting the soil resistance and S/R ratio. A possible reason for reducing the stress impact was increase in specific root length, rather than P inflow with the AM formation. It is a novel finding that AM formation in undisturbed soil could promote root elongation despite the fact that soil was seriously compacted.

シンポジウム「Phosphorus in Plant Biology」に参加して

矢野勝也

根の研究 7 巻頁： 83-84 1998年1月

Plant phosphorus demand affects root responses to locally applied phosphorus in wheat: Plasticity in specific root length and acid phosphatase exudation.

Yano, K.and Kojima, K.

Phosphorus in plant biology: Regulatory roles in molecular, cellular, organismic, and ecosystem processes. American Society of Plant Physiologists 頁： 335-337 1998年

Localized alteration in lateral root development in roots colonized by an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus 査読有り

Mycorrhiza 6 巻 ( 5 ) 頁： 409 1996年9月

担当区分：筆頭著者記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The morphological responses of root systems to localized colonization by endophytes is not well understood. We examined the responses of lateral roots to the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Gigaspora margarita Becker & Hall inoculated locally into the soil. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) were examined. Root boxes filled with nutrient-poor soil in were inoculated in one half with the fungus and in the other half with a sterilized inoculum. Responses were apparent after 30 days but not after 20 days. Overall, lateral root development was more advanced in inoculated soil. This was clearly observed for 2nd- and 3rd-order lateral roots, but less clear for Ist-order lateral roots in both species, although percentage of colonized root length was higher in Ist-order lateral roots. Whilst in peanut the responses were clearly evident at the level of lateral roots initiated on more proximal parts of the tap root axis, they occurred on more distal parts in pigeon pea. We conclude that plants under nutrient-poor conditions give priority to mycorrhizal roots when partitioning assimilation products within the root system. Thus, AM formation may induce local morphological alteration of root systems.

Modification of Root System Morphology in a Peanut Seedling Inoculated with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus, Gigaspora margarita Becker & Hall 査読有り

Yano, K., Yamauchi, A.and Kono, Y.

Japanese Journal of Crop Science 65 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： 361-367 1996年6月

担当区分：筆頭著者記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Modification of root system morphology caused by the inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Gigaspora margarita Pecker & Hall) was evaluated in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Peanut plants were grown for 16 days in root boxes placed in a growth chamber with natural light. Inoculum of the fungus was uniformly mixed with the soil in root boxes, whereas in others, the soil was uninoculated to serve as a control. In each root system, the tap root axis was divided into 10-mm sections, where lateral roots remained intact, to evaluate the difference in lateral root development along the tap root. Two-way ANOVA in which the variation sources were divided into the inoculation treatment and section of tap root axis, showed significant effects of the inoculation on lateral root development. As for the root number, the effect was promotive for the 1st order lateral roots but inhibitive for the 2nd order ones, and as for the individual root length, inhibitive for the former but was not detected for the latter. Our conclusion is that the inoculation caused changes in root system morphology of peanut through lateral root development on the tap root, where the responses were different between Ist and 2nd order lateral roots.

Distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizas in peanut root system 査読有り

Yano, K., Yamauchi, A. and Kono, Y

Japanese Journal of Crop Science 65 巻頁： 315-323 1996年6月

担当区分：筆頭著者記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonies was assessed in a peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) root system at early growth stage. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Gigaspora margarita Pecker & Hall) was uniformly inoculated into non-sterilized soil. Peanut plants were grown in root boxes filled with the soil for 16 days inside a growth chamber. Approximately 66% of the total length of the mycorrhizal colonies was found on the Ist order lateral roots, while the rest was observed on the 2nd ones. In contrast, the tap root was scarcely colonized. On the Ist order lateral roots, regardless of the root length, it was evident that the frequency of the mycorrhizal colonies increased acropetally toward the root apex especially in the relatively aged roots that initiated on the proximal portion of tap root axis. In those lateral roots, the highest frequency of the mycorrhizal colony occurrence was recognized in the most apical part of the root, while many of relatively long colonies were found a little behind the root apex. However, the trend became unclear gradually in the relatively younger lateral roots initiated on the more distal potion of tap root axis. These facts clearly showed that in the Ist order lateral roots, the distribution and growth of mycorrhizal colonies are closely related with their initiating positions along tap root axis.

How does arbuscular mycorrhiza formation modify root system development of peanut and pigeon pea?

"Yano, K., Yamauchi, A. and Kono, Y."

"Crop Research in Asia: Achievements and Perspective Ishii, R. and Horie, T. Kyoritsu Printing`sTokyo" 頁： 632-633 1996年1月

Root system development of food legumes as affected by nodule formation

Mia, Md. W. Yamauchi, A., Yano, K. and Kono, Y.

Report of the Tokai Branch of Crop Science of Japan 122 巻頁： 9-10 1996年1月

不耕起土壌がキマメの生長ならびにVA菌根形成に及ぼす影響

矢野勝也，山内　章，河野恭廣

日本作物学会東海支部会報 119 巻頁： 13-14 1995年1月

植物の根系とVA菌根の形成

矢野勝也

農業および園芸 70 巻 ( 8 ) 頁： 925 1995年

Effects of Sunn Hemp and Peanut Incorporated as Green Manures on Growth and Nitrogen Uptake of the Succeeding Wheat 査読有り

Yano K, Daimon H, Mimoto H

Japanese Journal of Crop Science 63 巻 ( 1 ) 頁： 137 1994年

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