Award type：Award from publisher, newspaper, foundation, etc.  Country：Japan

Country：Japan

Award type：Honored in official journal of a scientific society, scientific journal  Country：Japan

Country：Japan

Country：Japan

Authorship：Last author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： https://doi.org/10.11351/jsaeronbun.54.751

Other Link： https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsaeronbun/54/4/54_20234375/_pdf/-char/ja

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1177/03611981221121270

Web of Science

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/13588265.2022.2074633

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Authorship：Last author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： https://doi.org/10.11351/jsaeronbun.54.163

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1136/injuryprev-2021-044450

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PubMed

DOI： 10.1016/j.aap.2022.106793

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PubMed

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.111262

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PubMed

Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2022.106793

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/13588265.2021.1926825

Web of Science

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2021.106535

Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.1016/j.aap.2021.106535

Web of Science

PubMed

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/13588265.2020.1779995

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.3389/fbioe.2021.682015

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PubMed

Authorship：Last author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： doi.org/10.11351/jsaeronbun.52.337

Authorship：Last author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.11351/jsaeronbun.52.486

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.aap.2020.105862

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PubMed

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/15389588.2020.1745197

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PubMed

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110195

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PubMed

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.109888

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PubMed

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/13588265.2018.1429520

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/15389588.2018.1533247

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PubMed

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.aap.2018.03.029

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PubMed

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jsr.2017.12.004

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PubMed

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/15389588.2017.1385780

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PubMed

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/15389588.2018.1456657

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PubMed

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.4271/09-06-02-0009

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1109/ICMTMA.2018.00139

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1109/ICRIS.2018.00137

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/15389588.2017.1296957

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PubMed

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/13588265.2016.1259952

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/13588265.2016.1215587

Web of Science

DOI： 10.1109/ICMTMA.2017.49

Web of Science

DOI： 10.1109/ICMTMA.2017.81

Web of Science

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.4323/rjlm.2016.261

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/15389588.2015.1126671

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： doi:10.1016/j.aap.2014.09.018

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/13588265.2014.917493

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2011.09.039

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： doi: 10.1111/ped.12140

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： DOI: 10.1299/jbse.8.328

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1080/15389588.2013.792408

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： doi:10.4271/2012-01-0270

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

n side collision accidents, the head is the most frequently injured body region for child occupants seated in a child restraint system (CRS). Accident analyses show that a child's head can move out of the CRS shell, make hard contact with the vehicle interior, and thus sustain serious injuries. In order to improve child head protection in side collisions, it is necessary to understand the injury mechanism of a child in the CRS whose head makes contact with the vehicle interior. In this research, an SUV-to-car oblique side crash test was conducted to reconstruct such head contacts. A Q3s child dummy was seated in a CRS in the rear seat of the target car. The Q3s child dummy's head moved out beyond the CRS side wing, moved laterally, and made contact with the side window glass and the doorsill. It was demonstrated that the hard head contact, which produced a high HIC value, could occur in side collisions. A series of sled tests was carried out to reproduce the dummy kinematic behavior observed in the SUV-to-car crash test, and the sled test conditions such as sled angle, ECE seat slant angle and velocity-time history that duplicated the kinematic behavior were determined. A parametric study also was conducted with the sled tests; and it was found that the impact angle, harness slack, chest clip, and the CRS side wing shape affected the torso motion and head contact with the vehicle interior.

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The number of traffic deaths in Japan was 4,863 in 2010. Pedestrians account for the highest number (1,714, 35%), and vehicle occupants the second highest (1,602, 33%). Pedestrian protection is a key countermeasure to reduce casualties in traffic accidents. A striking vehicle's impact velocity could be considered a parameter influencing the severity of injury and possibility of death in pedestrian crashes. A collision damage mitigation braking system (CDMBS) using a sensor to detect pedestrians could be effective for reducing the vehicle/pedestrian impact velocity. Currently in Japan, cars equipped with the CDMBS also have vision sensors such as a stereo camera for pedestrian detection. However, the ability of vision sensors in production cars to properly detect pedestrians has not yet been established. The effect of reducing impact velocity on the pedestrian injury risk has also not been determined.
The first objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of the CDMBS in detecting pedestrians when it is installed in production cars. The second objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of reducing impact velocity on mitigating pedestrian injury.
Firstly, impact experiments were performed using a car with the CDMBS in which the car collided with a pedestrian surrogate. In these tests, the velocity was chosen for the various test runs to be 20, 40 and 60 km/h, respectively, which were based on the velocity distribution in real-world pedestrian crashes. The results indicated that the impact velocity reduction ranged approximately from 10 to 15 km/h at the standing location of a pedestrian surrogate at both daytime and nighttime lighting conditions. These results show that the system has the potential to reduce pedestrian casualties from car-to-pedestrian contacts.
Secondly, finite-element analyses were performed simulating vehicle-to-pedestrian impacts with the THUMS pedestrian models. The vehicle models selected for the study included a medium sedan, a minicar, and an SUV. Since head and chest injuries are the most typical causes of pedestrian deaths in car-to-pedestrian accidents, the risk of head and chest injuries was calculated when the impact velocity was reduced from 50 km/h to 40 km/h, 30km/h, and 20 km/h. The results revealed that an impact velocity reduction of 10 km/h mitigated severe pedestrian injury at impact velocities greater than or equal to 40 km/h. Specifically, a significant effect was observed in collisions with the medium sedan and SUV. In Japan, the CDMBS has just started to be installed in medium sedans. The pedestrian injury mitigation will be greatly improved if the system can be applied to various types of vehicles including SUVs in the future.

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Pedestrian protection is one of the key topics for safety measures in traffic accidents all over the world. To analyze the relation between the collision site of the vehicle bumper and the severity of the lower extremity injuries, we performed biomechanical experiments. We compared the applied external force and the risks of subsequent injuries between the impact of the center and side positions of the front bumper. These comparisons were performed by practical impact tests with eight typical different types of cars which were typical of the current vehicle fleets. The tests were made using the TRL legform impactor which was a mechanical substitute of a pedestrian lower extremity. The TRL impactor is used all over the world for assessing the safety of car bumpers. It was found that the risks of lower extremity injuries in the impacts at the side positions, in front of the vehicle's side member, were significantly higher than those at the center. In the tests, we found that foam materials around the rigid front cross member had a significant effect on reducing the lower extremity injury risks and especially tibia fracture risk against vehicle bumper center collisions, but had little effect at the sides of the bumper over the vehicle's side members where the foam was thinner. We also found that the front shape of the vehicle affected the risk of ligaments injuries. According to these results, the information of impact locations of cars in vehicle-to-pedestrian traffic accidents is valuable for clinicians to diagnose patients with lower extremity injuries in traffic accidents and for forensic pathologists to analyze the accident reconstruction. Furthermore, the results suggest that testing of the bumper area in front of the main longitudinal beams should be included in the car safety legislation to require pedestrian safety.

DOI： 10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.06.012

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

A child restraint system (CRS) is installed in various vehicles with different seat, seatbelt routing paths, and seatbelt characteristics. In this research, a series of sled tests were conducted using the ECE R44 seat bench utilizing various CRS models under the same crash pulse specified by JNCAP. During the impact in JNCAP, the cushion of the multi-purpose vehicle seat was soft and the CRS rotated, which led to large forward excursions of the CRS and dummy. A trend was observed that there is a linear relationship of the assessment values between the JNCAP tests and the ECE base tests.

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Purpose: To clarify the incidence and mechanisms of maxillofacial injuries sustained by motor vehicle passengers, in-depth data from the Institute for Traffic Accident Research and Data Analysis, Japan, were retrospectively analyzed.
Materials and Methods: From the Institute for Traffic Accident Research and Data Analysis in-depth data for 1993 through 2005, data were collected for 226 individuals with maxillofacial injuries who were adult passengers involved in frontal motor vehicle collisions. The accident information, a subject's medical data, and anatomic Injury Severity Scores were examined.
Results: The median Injury Severity Score was 2, and the mean equivalent barrier speed of the vehicles was 35.2+-13.0 km/hour. The most common maxillofacial injuries were lacerations (46.7%), followed by abrasions (41.9%), fractures (14.0%), and dental injuries (5.7%). Maxillofacial fractures occurred more often in unrestrained drivers without airbag deployment (18.4%) and less often in restrained drivers with airbag deployment (4.3%). The incidences of fractures caused by impacts with areas other than the steering wheel were markedly decreased using any safety device (35.5% to 0%).
Conclusion: Combined use of seat belts and airbags by occupants decreases fractures compared with completely unrestrained occupants. Furthermore, wearing a seat belt prevents the free flight of drivers within a vehicle and contact with the interior of a vehicle (other than the steering wheel). Although the anatomic Injury Severity Score of maxillofacial injuries was relatively low, because these injuries are also associated with socioeconomic costs, the correct use of safety devices and further development of more
effective injury prevention systems are needed.

DOI： 10.1016/j.joms.2010.05.030

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

In Japan, it became mandatory for rear seat occupants to wear seatbelts as of 2008. This paper summarises the results of full car crash tests for rear seat occupants, and compares the kinematics and injury risk to belted and unbelted rear sear occupants in order to show the effectiveness of seatbelts. Full-width rigid barrier and offset frontal impact tests were conducted using Hybrid III fifth percentile female and 3-year-old dummies in belted or unbelted conditions in the rear seat. In both full and offset frontal tests, the injury measures of the belted fifth female and 3-year-old dummies in the rear seat were relatively low
because contact with the car interior was prevented by the seatbelt, although the head injury criterion and the chest deflection of the fifth female dummy were relatively large. In the tests with the fifth female dummy not belted, its knees and head made contact with the front seatback and the head of the front seat dummy, respectively. Due to this impact by the fifth female dummy, the injury measures of the driver dummy became high. The unbelted 3-year-old dummy moved in the passenger compartment, making contact with several locations in the car. These test results were comparable with accident analyses that show high injury risks to the chest of belted rear seat occupants, and high injury risks to the head and lower extremities in unbelted rear seat occupants.

DOI： /10.1080/13588265.2010.514770

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

An ISOFIX-attached child restraint system (CRS) implements a simple, rigid and standardised attachment to a vehicle seat compared to the conventional-type CRS attached by a vehicle seat belt. The goal of this research is to investigate the kinematic behaviour and responses of a child restrained by an ISOFIX CRS in frontal impact and to investigate the effect of utilising a force limiter in the top tether of the ISOFIX CRS on reducing injury assessment measures. A finite-element (FE) model of a Hybrid III 3-year-old dummy and a child human model restrained by a five-point harness conventional-type CRS (using a vehicle seat belt for installation) and a five-point harness ISOFIX CRS were developed and validated using frontal sled tests. Since the thoracic region of the spine of the human model is flexible as compared to the Hybrid III dummy model, the contact behaviour of the chin and chest differs between the Hybrid III dummy model and the child human model. This behaviour led to different upper neck forces and moments. The energy absorption efficiency of the CRS harness for the chest was calculated to understand the relation with the chest acceleration levels in various usage conditions. A top-tether force limiter proved to be useful. Particularly, the torso of both the Hybrid III dummy model and the child human FE model showed an upright posture in the ISOFIX CRS with a top-tether force limiter, and the head and chest accelerations and upper neck forces and moments were reduced, although the head excursion increased slightly.

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

The purpose of the present study is to clarify the effectiveness of seatbelt for rear seat occupants in frontal crashes. The Hybrid III AF05 and 3 YO dummies were seated in the rear seat with belted or unbelted condition, and full frontal rigid barrier impact tests were
carried out. For the belted AF05 dummy in the rear seat, the injury risk was low, on the other hand, when the AF05 was not belted, risks to head injury and femur fracture were particularly high due to contact with several locations in car interior. When the 3 YO dummy was not restrained by the child restraint systems, the unbelted 3 YO dummy was flied over the front seat, which resulted in the possibility of high injury risk due to contact with several locations in car interior.

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

In order to investigate injuries to various body regions of a child in detail, a child finite element (FE) model had been developed previously. In this study, a pelvis with a child anatomical structure was newly developed and incorporated into the existing model. In examining a method for modelling the pelvis, it was shown that the anatomical structures of a child should be represented in order to evaluate stress distributions. This updated child FE model was exercised using sled test simulations with various child restraint systems (CRS), such as a 5-point harness, an impact shield and a safety vest. The FE analyses were also conducted using a Hybrid III 3-year-old (3YO) FE model. The main differences between the kinematic
behaviour of the Hybrid III 3YO and child FE models were due to the flexibility of the thoracic spine in the child FE model. In analyses with the 5-point harness and the impact shield CRS, the predicted injury measures were comparable between the two models; whereas in the safety vest the injury measure predictions were noticeably different. It was demonstrated that the child FE model is useful to examine the behaviour, local deformation and stress distributions of a child during impacts, which could be difficult to predict using the Hybrid III 3YO FE model.

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

This study focuses on methods to reduce injuries, specifically in the head and neck region, sustained by children seated in forward-facing child restraint system during a frontal vehicle crash. The main objective of this research was to implement load-limiting behavior into the upper tether and lower LATCH anchors of the CRS in order to reduce the neck injury criteria by increasing forward head excursion.

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Results of car-to-car crash tests were examined to evaluate crash compatibility. The method of calculating driver scores based on Japan NCAP was applied to the car-to-car crash tests. Self-protection and aggressivity could be evaluated based on the scores of the drivers of both vehicles. It was shown that the compatibility performance of small cars could be demonstrated with the use of delta-V of 60 to 70 km/h.

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

A human finite element (FE) model was used to evaluate injury risks of pedestrian lower extremities in car-to-pedestrian collision. The bending moment diagram and stress diagram of tibia were introduced to investigate loading to leg. Using car models, it was demonstrated that the location of the lower absorber affects loadings on tibia and knee significantly. The FE analysis using TRL legform impactor was also conducted using the same series of car models. The injury criteria of both FE models were compared, and it is suggested that the tibia stress and knee angle in the human FE model tended to increase with increasing of the injury criteria of the TRL impactor.

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

In order to prevent lower extremity injuries to a pedestrian when struck by a car, it is important to elucidate the loadings from car front structures on the lower extremities and the injury mechanism caused by these loadings. In this udy, using a human finite element (FE)model, a bending moment diagram and a stress diagram of tibia were introduced to examine the effects of loading from car structures. By the lower absorber of the car, the bending moment was distributed over the tibia with small moment at the upper tibia location that can reduce knee injury risk. Certain positions of the lower absorber reduced the tibia fracture risk. An FE analysis of a legform impact test using the TRL legform impactor was also conducted, and a relation was found between the injury criteria of the TRL legform impactor and the human FE model. High acceleration of the TRL legform impactor corresponded to the tibia fracture or MCL rupture of the human FE model.

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English  

A human finite element (FE) model was used to evaluate injury risks of pedestrian lower extremities in car-to-pedestrian collision. The bending moment diagram and stress diagram of tibia were introduced to investigate loading to leg. Using car models, it was demonstrated that the location of the lower absorber affects loadings on tibia and knee significantly. The FE analysis using TRL legform impactor was also conducted using the same series of car models. The injury criteria of both FE models were compared, and it is suggested that the tibia stress and knee angle in the human FE model tended to increase with increasing of the injury criteria of the TRL impactor.

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

開発した3歳児人体FEモデルに対して，子供の解剖学的特長を持つ骨盤モデルを組み込んだ．さらに拘束方法の異なる三種類のCRSについて，Hybrid III FEモデルと3歳児人体FEモデルの衝撃応答の比較をおこなった．

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Total pages：430   Book type：Scholarly book

Language：Japanese

Other Link： https://www.amazon.co.jp/%E8%87%AA%E5%8B%95%E8%BB%8A%E5%B7%A5%E5%AD%A6%E3%81%AE%E5%9F%BA%E7%A4%8E-%E8%BF%91%E6%A3%AE-%E9%A0%86/dp/4815809119/ref=sr_1_3?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1546047497&sr=1-3

Total pages：320   Language：Japanese

Other Link： https://www.amazon.co.jp/%E8%87%AA%E5%8B%95%E8%BB%8A%E3%81%AE%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8-%E6%B0%B4%E9%87%8E-%E5%B9%B8%E6%B2%BB/dp/4815806918

Language：Japanese

Language：Japanese

Event date： 2020.11

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

Venue：ONLINE  

Event date： 2020.11

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：ONLINE  

Event date： 2020.11

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：ONLINE  

Event date： 2020.11

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：ONLINE  

Event date： 2020.11

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：ONLINE  

Event date： 2020.10

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：ONLINE  

Event date： 2020.10

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：ONLINE  

Event date： 2019.9

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：University of Florence   Country：Italy  

Event date： 2019.6

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：Netherlands  

The restraint of the pelvis by the lap belt is a prerequisite for occupant protection in a 3-point seatbelt system. If the lap belt slips over the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS), the lap belt can penetrate the abdominal area during impact, leading to abdominal injuries. Many studies of this phenomenon (known as submarining) have focused on cases in which the lap belt is initially positioned correctly, but slips off due to the dynamics of impact. However, lap belt riding over the iliac bone can also occur when the lap belt is placed on the abdomen from the beginning, without overlapping the iliac crest. In this research, the relationship of the lap belt to the ASIS of seated occupants was investigated, first by statically measuring the initial lap belt-ASIS overlap in a group of volunteers and then by using FE analysis to assess the dynamic interaction of the lap belt with ASIS during test-sled crash simulations.
The lap belt-ASIS overlap of ten volunteers was measured as they sat in a small car's rear seat (where the lap belt anchor is further back). The lap belt did not overlap with the ASIS for four volunteers: of these, three had a body mass index (BMI) of less than average (that is, <24.1 kg/m2). Further measurements of 20 male volunteers sitting in a rigid seat were conducted to examine the factors which affect the lap belt-ASIS overlap. When volunteers sat in an upright posture, the overlap increased as the height of the ASIS relative to the thigh increased. When they sat in a slouching posture, for low-BMI volunteers the lap belt was located higher on the (flat) abdomen and the overlap of the lap belt with the ASIS tended to decrease.
FE analysis was carried out for rear seat occupants whose ASIS was located at the torso-thigh junction. For the occupant with a protruding abdomen, even though the lap belt did not initially overlap the ASIS, during impact the lap belt was pulled rearward and down; there was sufficient time for the lap belt to interact with the ASIS. However, for the occupant with a flat abdomen, since the abdomen fore-aft diameter and the flesh thickness on the ASIS was small, there was not enough time for the lap belt to interact with the ASIS even though the lap belt was pulled downward, and the lap belt penetrated into the abdomen. Thus, for low-BMI occupants in the rear seat both the initial lap belt-ASIS overlap and the dynamic interaction of the lap belt with the ASIS during vehicle deceleration tend to be insufficient for effective restraint of the pelvis.

Event date： 2018.4

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：Japan  

DOI： 10.4271/2018-01-1044

Event date： 2017.9

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Antwerp   Country：Belgium  

Event date： 2017.6

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：United States  

Event date： 2016.9

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：Spain  

Event date： 2014.9

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：Germany  

Event date： 2013.5

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：Korea, Republic of  

In Japan, the number of minicars is increasing due to market demands resulting from environmental and economic concerns, and constitutes 32% of the registrations among passenger cars (2012). The safety of the minicar for various crashes is a technological challenge due to its small size and mass. In this paper, the crashworthiness of minicars was investigated and the issues that should be addressed are discussed. The crash pulse, deformation, and dummy responses of minicars were examined for various frontal impact tests: fullwidth rigid barrier (FWRB), offset deformable barrier (ODB), full-width deformable barrier (FWDB), and car-to-car tests.
In the FWRB tests, the car accelerations were high and large crash loadings were applied to the occupants. The dummy injury measures were less than injury thresholds because of the high performance of occupant restraint systems: the early and timely restraint system. In the FWDB tests, the deformation mode was relatively comparable to that in the car-to-car tests, and dummy injury measures were higher than those in the FWRB tests. An analysis using a simple spring-mass model indicated that a later restraint trigger time in the FWDB test led to high injury measures of the occupants. In the ODB tests, the passenger compartment was intact for all of the tested minicars. Since the car acceleration in the ODB test was lower than that in the FWRB tests, all of the injury measures of the driver dummy in the ODB tests were smaller than those in the FWRB tests except for the tibia index.
In the car-to-car tests, though the minicar has a single-load path, the structural interaction was acceptable since the engine was located forward in the vehicle and interacted with structures of the other car. The passenger compartments of the minicars were intact and injury measures were lower than the injury thresholds until the loading on the vehicles reached the NCAP crash severity level. The crashworthiness of Japanese minicars could be representative of the safety of future mini electric vehicles.

Event date： 2013.5

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：Korea, Republic of  

This study clarified the effect of body physique to abdominal injury distribution in terms of frontal passengers at frontal collision using NASS/CDS database with medical knowledge and engineering analysis.
Present research based on the real-world accident data showed that distribution and severity of abdominal injuries of the restrained front seat occupants in frontal collisions was reflected by the body physique. Obese occupants tend to suffer from the injuries of middle-lower abdomen owing to the seatbelt compression. From the reconstruction of the occupants' kinematics, severity of abdominal injuries largely depended on the pelvic displacement in both obese and nonobese occupants. Therefore, to decrease the severity of abdominal injuries, knee airbag is one of considered proper devices as restraint systems for controlling pelvic displacement. The result of frontal collision simulation with human model THUMS with various body physiques clearly shows that the mechanism and the effects of reduction of abdominal injuries.

Event date： 2012.4

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：United States  

Event date： 2011.5

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：United States  

Event date： 2011.5

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：United States  

Event date： 2010.12

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：China  

Event date： 2010.12

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：Germany  

Event date： 2010.9

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：United States  

Event date： 2010.9

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：United States  

Event date： 2010.4

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2010.4

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2009.12

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2009.12

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2009.12

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2009.7

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2009.6

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2009.6

Language：English  

Event date： 2009.6

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2009.4

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2008.12

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

Event date： 2008.12

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2008.12

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2008.7

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2008.7

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2007.6

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2007.6

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2007.6

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2007.6

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2007.4

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2007.4

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2007

Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2006.7

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2006.7

Language：English  

Event date： 2005.12

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

Country：Japan  

Event date： 2005.10

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

Event date： 2005.9

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

Event date： 2005.6

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2005.4

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Event date： 2004.9

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Author：Myself