Faculty Profiles - MINAMI, Masayo

Papers - MINAMI, Masayo

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Radiocarbon dating of VIRI bone samples using ultrafiltration

Masayo Minami, Kana Yamazaki, Takayuki Omori, Toshio Nakamura

NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS Vol. 294 page： 240 - 245 2013.1

Language：Japanese Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

Ultrafiltration can effectively remove low-molecular-weight (LMW) contaminants from bone gelatin to extract high-molecular-weight (HMW) proteins that are derived from original bone collagen, though it cannot remove HMW collagen crosslinked with humic acids. Therefore, ultrafiltration is often used to obtain more accurate C-14 dates of bones. However, ultrafiltration may introduce new contaminants to bone gelatins, mainly from ultrafilters used. To study the effects of ultrafiltration on C-14 age, we analyzed the C/N ratio, delta C-13(PDB) and delta N-15(AIR) values, and C-14 ages of acid-soluble bone collagen obtained by decalcification, gelatin extracted from acid-insoluble bone collagen, and the HMW gelatin and LMW fractions produced during ultrafiltration of the extracted gelatin. Bone samples from the Fifth International Radiocarbon Intercomparison (VIRI) were used: VIRI-E (mammoth), -F (horse), -G (human), and -I (whale).
In this study, carbon and nitrogen content and gelatin yields were used to evaluate collagen preservation in the VIRI bone samples. Radiocarbon ages, delta C-13(PDB) and delta N-15(AIR) values of unfiltered and HMW gelatins were obtained and compared with the published consensus values. The LMW fraction was found to exhibit different values from those of the other fractions, indicating the possible presence of extraneous contamination. The Vivaspin (TM) 6 ultrafilters used in this study were analyzed and radiocarbon dated both before and after cleaning. We present evidence to suggest that LMW fraction contaminants could be derived from the ultrafilters rather than humic substances. Excessively long ultrafiltration time was suspected to have contaminated the bone samples with material from the ultrafilter, because those samples exhibited older C-14 ages than did those filtered for shorter durations. The results in this study indicate that C-14 ages of unfiltered gelatin extracted from well-preserved bones can be sufficiently accurate, and that care should be taken not to contaminate bone gelatin during ultrafiltration. Additional studies investigating bones with different degrees of degradation are needed to determine the effectiveness of ultrafiltration for accurate C-14 dating when the collagen is not so well preserved. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.nimb.2012.06.016

Web of Science

Scopus

エル・サルバドル共和国から出土した先スペイン期埋葬人骨の同位体分析 Reviewed

南雅代・市川彰・坂田健・森田航・伊藤伸幸

考古学と自然科学 Vol. 64 page： 1-25 2013

Less impact of limestone bedrock on elemental concentrations in stream sediments -Case study of Akiyoshi area- Reviewed

Ohta, A. and Minami, M.

Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Japan Vol. 64 ( 5/6 ) page： 121-138 2013

骨試料の年代測定

南雅代

フィッション・トラックニュースレター Vol. 26 page： 76 - 79 2013

アミノ酸ラセミ化法を用いた骨遺物の年代決定

南雅代

新学術領域研究ニュースレター Vol. 2 page： 3 - 4 2013

Radiocarbon dating of human skeletons of medieval archaelogical sites in Kamakura, Japan: were they killed by Nitta Yoshisada’s attack on Kamakura in AD 1333?

Minami M, Nakamural T, Nagaoka T, Hirata K

Radiocarbon Vol. 54 ( 3-4 ) page： 599 - 613 2012

Language：Japanese Publisher：Radiocarbon

We investigated the radiocarbon ages and carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios of human skeletal remains from burials at the Yuigahama-minami and Chusei-Shudan-Bochi sites in the Yuigahama area (Kamakura, Japan), which we believe are associated with the great attack on Kamakura by Nitta Yoshisada in AD 1333. The human bones produced enriched δ13C and δ15N values that could be affected by consumption of protein from marine fish and/or mammals with high δ13C and δ15N, and therefore older apparent 14C ages. We thus estimated the marine reservoir effect on human skeletons to determine their true ages. The IsoSource isotope mixing model was employed for reconstructing percentages of marine protein in the human diet, and calibrated calendar dates for the 14C ages were calculated using the marine percentages. At the Yuigahama-minami site, most skeletons from individual burials now date to the last phase of the Kamakura period or the early part of the Muromachi period, while skeletons from mixed human-animal multiple burials date to the latter part of the Kamakura period. The humans from the individual burials, consisting of normal ratios of adult males, could have died a natural death, though the site could also have been used to inter victims of the battle of 1333. The humans from mixed human-animal burials, consisting of a high proportion of infants, were not victims of the 1333 battle, but the site may have been used to inter victims of the Kamakura earthquake in 1293, which resulted in a catastrophic tsunami. On the other hand, the skeletons from multiple burials in the Chusei-Shudan-Bochi site all date to the middle Kamakura period. Coupled with the fact that most humans in the site are male but show no evidence of injuries by sword cuts, it is likely that burials of the Chusei-Shudan-Bochi site could have been a collective interment following the Jinji earthquake in 1241, the Shoka earthquake in 1257, or the Shoka famine in 1258 in the middle Kamakura period. The results of this study indicate that humans from burials in the Yuigahama region were not necessarily victims of the attack by Nitta Yoshisada on Kamakura, but instead were likely victims of natural disasters such as large earthquakes and severe famines, which often occurred in the middle Kamakura period. © 2012 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona.

DOI： 10.1017/s0033822200047287

Scopus

里山からキツネが消えた日-一匹のキツネのC・N・Sr同位体比測定 Reviewed

南雅代

海洋化学研究 Vol. 24 page： 64 - 72 2012

同一古人骨の部位によるアミノ酸組成ならびに14C年代の比較

坂田健, 南雅代

名古屋大学加速器質量分析計業績報告書 Vol. XXIII page： 86 - 96 2012

ストロンチウム同位体比を用いた過去の人類の移動の解明

南雅代

化学と教育 Vol. 60 page： 472 - 473 2012

北海道利尻島の泥炭地に飛来する鉛の供給源の変遷

谷水雅治, 淺原良浩, 南雅代

名古屋大学加速器質量分析計業績報告書 Vol. XXIII page： 138 - 148 2012

Radiocarbon dating of VIRI bone samples using ultrafiltration Reviewed

南雅代

Nucl. Instr. and Meth. in Phys. Res. Vol. － 2012

14C年代測定のための骨試料調製法

南雅代

名古屋大学加速器質量分析計業績報告書 Vol. XXIII page： 185 - 189 2012

A first step toward small-mass AMS radiocarbon analysis at Nagoya University Reviewed

南雅代

Nucl. Instr. and Meth. in Phys. Res. Vol. － 2012

同位体分析による実構造物中のコンクリートの中性化進行評価の試み Reviewed

淺原良浩, 南雅代, 吉田英一

セメントコンクリート論文集 Vol. 64(印刷中) 2011

The radiocarbon age differences caused by shell species, tissues or collected locations and their influence for radiocarbon dating of archaeological samples in Lake Biwa, Japan

南雅代

The 4th East Asia accelerator Mass Spectrometry symposium(EA-AMS4) page： 137 - 144 2011

A first step toward small-mass AMS radiocarbon analysis at Nagoya University

南雅代

第12回AMSシンポジウム報告書 Vol. 12 page： 57 - 60 2011

Radiocarbon dating of carbonized material adhering to pottery-The difference of Carbon-14 age between inner and outer surface of the pottery in wetland archaeological site Reviewed

南雅代

Proceedings of the Japan Academy Ser B Vol. 87 page： 518 - 528 2011

同位体分析による実構造物中のコンクリートの中性化進行評価の試み. Reviewed

丸山一平・淺原良浩・南雅代・吉田英一

セメントコンクリート論文集 Vol. 64 page： 139-146 2010

EVALUATION OF CARBONATION PROCESS IN CONCRETE WITH AN ANALYSIS OF CARBON ISOTOPES

MARUYAMA Ippei, ASAHARA Yoshihiro, MINAMI Masayo, YOSHIDA Hidekazu

Cement Science and Concrete Technology Vol. 64 ( 1 ) page： 139 - 146 2010

Language：Japanese Publisher：Japan Cement Association

Radiocarbon method has been applied to concrete in order to estimate progression and age of carbonation in concrete. Concrete cores from a building constructed in 1967 on the campus of Nagoya University, Japan, were collected in 2008, and were investigated for 14C, δ13C, and carbon content. The amount of carbon dioxide was 8％ at the concrete surface where the concrete is highly carbonated, decreasing with depth, and was 1％ at the depth where carbonation is hardly observed. The measured 14C values were 144 to 148pMC at the carbonated surface and 71 to 82pMC at the depth of less carbonation, decreasing from the surface down to the depth. These profiles can be interpreted as the following：（1）The age of carbonation in the concrete can be estimated by the variation of 14C and carbon concentrations, coupled with atmospheric 14C value at 1967（~170pMC：Hua and Barbetti, 2004）and the present one（~100pMC）. Most part of CO2 in the surface concrete is estimated to be absorbed and fixed in ten years after construction.（2）The deeper part of the concrete also contains small amount of atmospheric CO2, which is 43 to 78％ of CO2 in the deeper part. However, δ13CPDB value in the deeper part is -25 to -21‰, and is significantly lower than those of atmospheric CO2（δ13C≅8‰）and marine sedimentary limestones with geological ages（δ13C≅0‰）. Carbon isotope compositions, 14C and δ13C, in the deeper part of concrete cannot be explained by a simple mixing of the two components. There are two possible causes of the lowest δ13C value：material originating from cements and/or concrete, and direct absorption of atmospheric CO2 by high-pH cement solutions with kinetic effects in the high-pH zone.

DOI： 10.14250/cement.64.139

CiNii Research

限外濾過調製法を用いた骨ゼラチンの14C年代測定.

南雅代

名古屋大学加速器質量分析計業績報告書 XXI page： 32 - 40 2010

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Papers - MINAMI, Masayo