Updated on 2026/03/27

写真a

 
TAJIMA, Hiroyasu
 
Organization
Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research Division for Cosmic Ray Research Professor
Graduate School
Graduate School of Science
Title
Professor

Degree 1

  1. 理学博士 ( 1991.6   名古屋大学 ) 

Research Interests 14

  1. Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov telescope

  2. Compton telescope

  3. gamma-ray polarization

  4. gamma-ray burst

  5. supernova remnant

  6. gamma-ray astrophysics

  7. Cosmic-ray acceleration and propagation

  8. supernova remnant

  9. Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov telescope

  10. Cosmic-ray acceleration and propagation

  11. Compton telescope

  12. gamma-ray astrophysics

  13. gamma-ray polarization

  14. gamma-ray burst

Research Areas 2

  1. Others / Other  / Elementary Particle/Cosmic Ray/Astrophysics

  2. Natural Science / Particle, nuclear, cosmic-ray, and astrophysics - experiment

Research History 7

  1. The University of Tokyo   Visiting Professor   Visiting Professor

    2022.4

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    Country:Japan

  2. Nagoya University   Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research Center for Orbital and Suborbital Research   Professor

    2015.10

  3. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory   Particle Astrophysics   Senior Staff Scientist

    2009.7 - 2010.8

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    Country:United States

  4. SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory   Particle Astrophysics   Staff Scientist

    2001.8 - 2009.6

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    Country:United States

  5. The University of Tokyo   Assistant

    1996.1 - 2001.8

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    Country:Japan

  6. University of California Santa Barbara   Department of Physics   Assistant

    1993.2 - 1995.12

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    Country:United States

  7. University of California Santa Barbara   Department of Physics   Researcher

    1991.4 - 1993.1

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    Country:United States

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Education 2

  1. Nagoya University   Graduate School, Division of Science

    1988.4 - 1991.3

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    Country: Japan

  2. Nagoya University   Faculty of Science   Department of Physics

    1982.4 - 1986.3

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    Country: Japan

Professional Memberships 2

  1. 日本物理学会

  2. 日本物理学会

Committee Memberships 25

  1. Science organizing comittee for SiPM workshop: from fundamental research to industrial applications   Comittee member  

    2018.10 - 2020.5   

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    Committee type:Municipal

  2. Science organizing comittee for SiPM workshop: from fundamental research to industrial applications   Comittee member  

    2018.10 - 2020.5   

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    Committee type:Municipal

  3. 5th Fermi Symposium   LOC Chairperson  

    2014.10   

  4. KEK B-Factory Program Committee   Committee Member  

    2014.4   

  5. KEK B-Factory Program Committee   Committee Member  

    2014.4   

  6. Fermi Symposium Scientific Organizing Committee   Committee Member  

    2014.4 - 2015.12   

  7. NASA Astrophysics Explorer Mission of Opportunity   Reviewer, Gamma-ray panel  

    2013.4   

  8. NASA Astrophysics Explorer Mission of Opportunity   Reviewer, Gamma-ray panel  

    2013.4   

  9. KEK Detector Technology Project International Review Committee   Chairperson  

    2013   

  10. KEK Detector Technology Project International Review Committee   Chairperson  

    2013   

  11. Vienna Conference on Instrumentation Science Organizing Committee   Committee Member  

    2012.4   

  12. KEK Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Steering Committee   Committee Member  

    2012.4 - 2015.3   

  13. KEK SOI International Review Committee   Chairperson  

    2011   

  14. KEK SOI International Review Committee   Chairperson  

    2011   

  15. NASA ROSES Solicitation for the Astronomy and Physics Research and Analysis   Reviewer, Gamma-ray panel  

    2009 - 2012   

  16. IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Program Committee   Topic Convener, Astrophysics and Space Instrumentation  

    2007   

  17. IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Program Convener   Topic Convener, Astrophysics and Space Instrumentation  

    2007   

  18. Joint Meeting of Pacific Region Particle Physics Communities   Topic Convener, Particle Astrophysics  

    2006   

  19. Joint Meeting of Pacific Region Particle Physics Communities   Topic Convener, Particle Astrophysics  

    2006   

  20. NASA NuSTAR project Shield Review Committee   Committee Member  

    2005   

  21. NASA NuSTAR project Shield Review Committee   Committee Member  

    2005   

  22. IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Program Committee   Committee Member  

    2003   

  23. IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Program Committee   Committee Member  

    2003   

  24. Thematic Research Program of Academia Sinica   Reviewer  

    2001 - 2005   

  25. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Technical Review Committee   Reviewer  

    2001 - 2002   

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Papers 259

  1. Fine-Pitch Semiconductor Detector for the FOXSI Mission Reviewed Open Access

    Ishikawa, S.; Saito, S.; Tajima, H.; Tanaka, T.; Watanabe, S.; Odaka, H.; Fukuyama, T.; Kokubun, M.; Takahashi, T.; Terada, Y.; Krucker, S.; Christe, S.; McBride, S.; Glesener, L.

    IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science   Vol. 58   page: 2039-2046   2011.8

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    Authorship:Lead author   Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    The Focusing Optics X-ray Solar Imager (FOXSI) is a NASA sounding rocket mission which will study particle acceleration and coronal heating on the Sun through high sensitivity observations in the hard X-ray energy band (5-15 keV). Combining high-resolution focusing X-ray optics and fine-pitch imaging sensors, FOXSI will achieve superior sensitivity; two orders of magnitude better than that of the RHESSI satellite. As the focal plane detector, a Double-sided Si Strip Detector (DSSD) with a front-end ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) will fulfill the scientific requirements of spatial and energy resolution, low energy threshold and time resolution. We have designed and fabricated a DSSD with a thickness of 500 µm and a dimension of 9.6 mm x 9.6 mm, containing 128 strips with a pitch of 75 µm, which corresponds to 8 arcsec at the focal length of 2 m. We also developed a low-noise ASIC specified to FOXSI. The detector was successfully operated in the laboratory at a temperature of -20 C and with an applied bias voltage of 300 V, and the energy resolution of 430 eV at a 14 keV line was achieved. We also demonstrated fine-pitch imaging successfully by obtaining a shadow image, hence the implementation of scientific requirements was confirmed.

    DOI: 10.1109/TNS.2011.2154342

  2. Gamma-Ray Emission from the Shell of Supernova Remnant W44 Revealed by the Fermi LAT Reviewed International coauthorship Open Access

    Fermi LAT collaboration

    Science   Vol. 327   page: 1103   2010.2

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    Authorship:Corresponding author   Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Recent observations of supernova remnants (SNRs) hint that they accelerate cosmic rays to energies close to ~1015 electron volts. However, the nature of the particles that produce the emission remains ambiguous. We report observations of SNR W44 with the Fermi Large Area Telescope at energies between 2 × 10^8 electron volts and 3 ×10^q11 electron volts. The detection of a source with a morphology corresponding to the SNR shell implies that the emission is produced by particles accelerated there. The gamma-ray spectrum is well modeled with emission from protons and nuclei. Its steepening above ~10^9 electron volts provides a probe with which to study how particle acceleration responds to environmental effects such as shock propagation in dense clouds and how accelerated particles are released into interstellar space.

    DOI: 10.1126/science.1182787

  3. A limit on the variation of the speed of light arising from quantum gravity effects Reviewed International coauthorship Open Access

    Fermi LAT/GBM collaborations

    Nature   Vol. 462   page: 331-334   2009.11

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    A cornerstone of Einstein's special relativity is Lorentz invariance - the postulate that all observers measure exactly the same speed of light in vacuum, independent of photon-energy. While special relativity assumes that there is no fundamental length-scale associated with such invariance, there is a fundamental scale (the Planck scale, lPlanck~1.62×10^-33cm or EPlanck = MPlanck~1.22×10^19GeV/c2), at which quantum effects are expected to strongly affect the nature of space-time. There is great interest in the (not yet validated) idea that Lorentz invariance might break near the Planck scale. A key test of such violation of Lorentz invariance is a possible variation of photon speed with energy. Even a tiny variation in photon speed, when accumulated over cosmological light-travel times, may be revealed by observing sharp features in γ-ray burst (GRB) light-curves. Here we report the detection of emission up to ~31GeV from the distant and short GRB090510. We find no evidence for the violation of Lorentz invariance, and place a lower limit of 1.2EPlanck on the scale of a linear energy dependence (or an inverse wavelength dependence), subject to reasonable assumptions about the emission (equivalently we have an upper limit of lPlanck/1.2 on the length scale of the effect). Our results disfavour quantum-gravity theories in which the quantum nature of space-time on a very small scale linearly alters the speed of light.

    DOI: 10.1038/nature08574

  4. The on-orbit calibration of the Fermi Large Area Telescope Reviewed International coauthorship Open Access

    Fermi LAT collaboration

    Astroparticle Physics   Vol. 32   page: 193-219   2009.10

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    The Large Area Telescope (LAT) on-board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope began its on-orbit operations on June 23, 2008. Calibrations, defined in a generic sense, correspond to synchronization of trigger signals, optimization of delays for latching data, determination of detector thresholds, gains and responses, evaluation of the perimeter of the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA), measurements of live time, of absolute time, and internal and spacecraft boresight alignments. Here we describe on-orbit calibration results obtained using known astrophysical sources, galactic cosmic rays, and charge injection into the front-end electronics of each detector. Instrument response functions will be described in a separate publication. This paper demonstrates the stability of calibrations and describes minor changes observed since launch. These results have been used to calibrate the LAT datasets to be publicly released in August 2009.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2009.08.002

  5. Fermi Observations of High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission from GRB 080916C Reviewed International coauthorship Open Access

    Fermi LAT/GBM collaborations

    Science   Vol. 323   page: 1688-1693   2009.3

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    Authorship:Corresponding author   Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are highly energetic explosions signaling the death of massive stars in distant galaxies. The Gamma-ray Burst Monitor and Large Area Telescope onboard the Fermi Observatory together record GRBs over a broad energy range spanning about 7 decades of gamma-ray energy. In September 2008, Fermi observed the exceptionally luminous GRB 080916C, with the largest apparent energy release yet measured. The high-energy gamma rays are observed to start later and persist longer than the lower energy photons. A simple spectral form fits the entire GRB spectrum, providing strong constraints on emission models. The known distance of the burst enables placing lower limits on the bulk Lorentz factor of the outflow and on the quantum gravity mass.

    DOI: 10.1126/science.1169101

  6. First detection of VHE gamma-ray signal from the FSRQ TON 0599 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe K., Abe S., Abhir J., Abhishek A., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Engels A.A., Arcaro C., Asano K., Babić A., De Almeida U.B., Barrio J.A., Barrios-Jiménez L., Batković I., Baxter J., González J.B., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Bronzini E., Burelli I., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D'Amico G., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., De Menezes R., Delfino M., Delgado J., Mendez C.D., Pierro F.D., Tria R.D., Venere L.D., Dinesh A., Prester D.D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsaesser D., Escudero J., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Paiva J.G.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Gradetzke T., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Günther P., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Llorente J.H., Hrupec D., Imazawa R., Israyelyan D., Martínez I.J., Quiles J.J., Jormanainen J., Kankkunen S., Kerszberg D., Khachatryan M., Konrad J., Kouch P.M., Kubo H., Kushida J.

    Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society   Vol. 546 ( 4 )   2026.3

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society  

    TON 0599 (z = 0.7247) belongs to the few flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) detected in the very high energy (VHE, 100$]]> GeV) gamma-ray band. Its redshift makes it currently one of the farthest VHE gamma-ray sources. It was detected for the first time with the MAGIC telescopes on 2017 December 15, and observed until December 29. The flux reached a maximum of about 50 per cent of the Crab Nebula flux above 80 GeV on the second night of observation, after which we witnessed a gradual decrease of the flux. The VHE gamma-ray spectrum connects smoothly to the one in the high energy (100$]]> MeV) band obtained from simultaneous observations with Fermi-LAT. It features a cut-off at energies around 50 GeV, indicating the location of the gamma-ray emission zone beyond the broad line region. In addition, we were able to follow the spectral evolution during the fading phase of the flare. Multiwavelength analysis based on observations in optical, near-infrared, and radio bands acquired by the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope Collaboration from November to March, as well as observations in X-ray and optical-UV bands with instruments on board the Swift satellite, shows strong correlation between different bands. We model the broadband emission with a simple one-zone leptonic model, where the high-energy peak is predominantly produced by external Compton scattering of photons from the dusty torus.

    DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stag032

    Open Access

    Scopus

  7. AstroPix: A pixelated HVCMOS sensor for space-based gamma-ray measurement Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Steinhebel A.L., Violette D.P., Caputo R., Affolder A., Bauman A., Chinatti C., Deshmukh A., Fadayev V., Fukazawa Y., Jadhav M., Kierans C., Kim B., Kim J., Klest H., Kroger O., Kumar K., Kushima S., Lauenstein J.M., Laviron A., Leys R., Martinez-Mckinney F., Metcalfe J., Metzler Z., Mitchell J.W., Nakano N., Ott J., Peric I., Perkins J.S., Rudin M.R., Shin T.(.W.)., Sommer G., Striebig N., Suda Y., Tajima H., Valverde J., Zurek M.

    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment   Vol. 1083   2026.3

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment  

    A next-generation medium-energy gamma-ray telescope targeting the MeV range would address open questions in astrophysics regarding how extreme conditions accelerate cosmic-ray particles, produce relativistic jet outflows, and more. One concept, AMEGO-X, relies upon the mission-enabling CMOS Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor silicon chip AstroPix. AstroPix is designed for space-based use, featuring low noise, low power consumption, and high scalability. Desired performance of the device include an energy resolution of 5 keV (or 10% FWHM) at 122 keV and a dynamic range per-pixel of 25–700 keV, enabled by the addition of a high-voltage bias to each pixel which supports a depletion depth of 500 μm. This work reports on the status of the AstroPix development process with emphasis on the current version under test, version three (v3), and highlights of version two (v2). Version 3 achieves energy resolution of 10.4±3.2% at 59.5 keV and 94±6 μm depletion in a low-resistivity test silicon substrate.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2025.171021

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    Scopus

  8. CTAO LST–1 observations of magnetar SGR 1935+2154: Deep limits on sub-second bursts and persistent tera-electronvolt emission Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe K., Abe S., Abhishek A., Acero F., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alispach C., Ambrosino D., Ambrosino F., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arnesen T.T.H., Asano K., Aubert P., Baktash A., Balbo M., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Barrios Jiménez L., Batkovic I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Bezshyiko I., Bigongiari C., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Borkowski G., Brunelli G., Bulgarelli A., Bunse M., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carraro R., Carrasco M.S., Cassol F., Castrejón N., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Cerviño Cortínez A., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chon G., Chytka L., Cicciari G.M., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., Del Burgo R., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., Dellaiera M., della Volpe D., De Lotto B., Del Peral L., de Menezes R., De Palma G., Díaz C., Di Piano A., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fallah Ramazani V., Ferrarotto F., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Frías García-Lago F., Fröse S., Fukazawa Y., Gallozzi S., Garcia López R., Garcia Soto S.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 706   2026.2

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Astronomy and Astrophysics  

    Context. The Galactic magnetar SGR 1935+2154 has exhibited prolific high-energy (HE) bursting activity in recent years. Aims. Investigating its potential tera-electronvolt counterpart could provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of magnetar emission and very high-energy (VHE) processes in extreme astrophysical environments. We aim to search for a possible tera-electronvolt counterpart to both its persistent and sub-second-scale burst emission. Methods. We analysed over 25 hour of observations from the Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST−1) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) during periods of HE activity from SGR 1935+2154 in 2021 and 2022 to search for persistent emission. For bursting emission, we selected and analysed nine 0.1 s time windows centred around known short X-ray bursts, targeting potential sub-second-scale tera-electronvolt counterparts in a low-photon-statistics regime. Results. While no persistent or bursting emission was detected in our search, we establish upper limits for the tera-electronvolt emission of a short magnetar burst simultaneous to its soft gamma-ray flux. Specifically, for the brightest burst in our sample, the ratio between tera-electronvolt and X-ray flux is .10<sup>−3</sup>. Conclusions. The non-detection of either persistent or bursting tera-electronvolt emission from SGR 1935+2154 suggests that if such components exist, they may occur under specific conditions not covered by our observations. This aligns with theoretical predictions of VHE components in magnetar-powered fast radio bursts and the detection of MeV–GeV emission in giant magnetar flares. These findings underscore the potential of magnetars, fast radio bursts, and other fast transients as promising candidates for future observations in the low-photon-statistics regime with Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes, particularly with the CTAO.

    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202555431

    Open Access

    Scopus

  9. Evaluation of gamma-ray response of the AstroPix4 HV-CMOS active pixel sensor Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Suda Y., Caputo R., Violette D., Sommer G., Striebig N., Jadhav M., Fukazawa Y., Kierans C., Leys R., Metcalfe J., Nakano N., Perić I., Perkins J.S., Tajima H.

    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment   Vol. 1081   2026.1

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment  

    AstroPix is a novel high-voltage CMOS active pixel sensor being developed for a next generation gamma-ray space telescope, AMEGO-X. To meet AMEGO-X instrument requirements, AstroPix must achieve full depletion of its 500μm thick, 500μm-pitch pixels. It must be sensitive to gamma rays in the range of 25−700 keV, with the energy resolution at 122 keV of <10 %. Furthermore, given the space-based nature of AMEGO-X, the power consumption of AstroPix needs to be lower than 1.5mW/cm<sup>2</sup>. We report the gamma-ray response of the latest version of AstroPix, AstroPix4. The chip contains 16 × 13 array of 500μm-pitch pixels. The power consumption is estimated to be about 2mW/cm<sup>2</sup>, which is approximately half the power of the previous AstroPix version. The input capacitance is reduced, allowing for the detection of the 14 keV photopeak from <sup>57</sup>Co and a moderate energy resolution of 14% at 122 keV. The dynamic range is estimated to be in the range from 14 keV to ∼250 keV. We found that the sensor depletion layer expands as expected and the measured depletion depth is approximately 90μm when biased at −240 V.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2025.170839

    Scopus

  10. Large zenith angle observation of the PeVatron candidate SNR G106.3+2.7 with the LST-1 and the MAGIC telescopes Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Martínez I.J., Santos A.C., Hassan T., Acciari V., Burelli I., Cortina J., della Volpe D., Díaz Ginzo C., García-Lago F.F., Jorge I., Martínez G., Mirzoyan R., Polo M., Raiola A., Rodríguez-Vázquez J.J., Saha P., Schweizer T., Stanic L., Abe K., Abe S., Abhir J., Abhishek A., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Arnesen T.T.H., Babić A., Bakshi C., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Barrios-Jiménez L., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Bronzini E., Burelli I., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Zhang W., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Cerviño A., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., de Menezes R., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Dinesh A., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsaesser D., Yoshikoshi T., Fariña L., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., García Soto S., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Yoshida T.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 501   2025.12

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Proceedings of Science  

    Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) are ideal for investigating the nature of moderately extended gamma-ray sources at very high energy thanks to their optimal angular and energy resolution compared to ground array detectors. The Supernova Remnant SNR G106.3+2.7 is one of the most promising Galactic hadronic PeVatron candidates. We carried out observations using the Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) and the two neighboring IACTs of the MAGIC experiment at large zenith angle (LZA) to enhance the effective area at energies above tens of TeV. Data reconstruction and analysis are challenging due to the increased atmospheric depth and strong dependency on the zenith angle of the image properties. Therefore, specialized LZA reconstruction and analysis tools have been developed. We present a joint analysis of data from several telescope combinations, based on currently available statistics, including a preliminary study of the energy-dependent morphology and spectral models.

    DOI: 10.22323/1.501.0596

    Open Access

    Scopus

  11. Solar Neutron Events recorded by Mt. Norikura Observatory during 2024 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Oshima A., Koi T., Kito H., Tabata T., Kamiya A., Shibata S., Kojima H., Matsubara Y., Yamazaki K., Muraki Y., Masuda S., Tajima H.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 501   2025.12

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Proceedings of Science  

    The solar activity in the 25th solar cycle is now approaching its peak, with X-class flares frequently observed on the solar surface. As a result, high-energy ions are arriving on multiple stations. This paper, we report the neutron-associated events recorded at Norikura Observatory (2,700m). These events occurred on 8 (X1, twice), May 11 (X5.8), and October 24 (X3.1) of 2024. Additionally, a Solar Neutron Decay Proton event(SNDP) also recorded by monitors on May 11. Please note that a 1 m<sup>2</sup> area of scintillator, with a thickness of 50 cm, and a 12NM64 neutron monitor are currently in operation. These systems are automatically powered by a solar generator during the winter season. We believe that our experience will be beneficial for other observational projects that lack access to electricity. Consequently, we also provide detailed descriptions of this observation system in the paper.

    DOI: 10.22323/1.501.1351

    Open Access

    Scopus

  12. Recent observations of PKS 2155-304 with MAGIC and LST-1 in a multi-wavelength context Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Martínez I.J., Santos A.C., Hassan T., Acciari V., Burelli I., Cortina J., della Volpe D., Díaz Ginzo C., García-Lago F.F., Jorge I., Martínez G., Mirzoyan R., Polo M., Raiola A., Rodríguez-Vázquez J.J., Saha P., Schweizer T., Stanic L., Abe K., Abe S., Abhir J., Abhishek A., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Arnesen T.T.H., Babić A., Bakshi C., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Barrios-Jiménez L., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Bronzini E., Burelli I., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Zhang W., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Cerviño A., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., de Menezes R., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Dinesh A., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsaesser D., Yoshikoshi T., Fariña L., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., García Soto S., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Yoshida T.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 501   2025.12

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Proceedings of Science  

    PKS 2155-304 is a well-known high-frequency peaked BL Lac (HBL) at redshift z=0.116, which has been extensively studied across the electromagnetic spectrum due to its rapid and large-amplitude variability. Several violent outbursts in X-rays and γ-rays have been observed in the past, with intra-night variability in very-high-energy γ-rays (VHE; E > 100 GeV) detected down to the minute timescale. The alternation of quiescent and enhanced states, observed with a tentative quasi-periodicity of 1.74 ± 0.13 years in high-energy (HE; 100 MeV < E < 100 GeV) γ-rays, makes this source a key target also for ground-based γ-ray instruments and in particular for the Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes. Its brightness, proximity, and well-determined redshift make this γ-ray source a prime target for fundamental physics studies, including tests of Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV), searches for axion-like particles (ALPs), and constraints on the distribution of the extragalactic background light (EBL). In the last two years, PKS 2155-304 has been independently monitored by the Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC) telescopes and the first Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) located at the Roque de Los Muchachos Observatory (La Palma, Spain). The observations were carried out at large zenith angles (LZA; ZA > 55°), and the VHE data have been complemented with simultaneous observations in HE γ-rays (Fermi-LAT), X-rays (Swift-XRT) and optical wavelengths (ASAS-SN).

    DOI: 10.22323/1.501.0783

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  13. Pushing the VHE Frontier: LST-1’s Inaugural Detection of the Distant Quasar OP 313 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Martínez I.J., Santos A.C., Hassan T., Acciari V., Burelli I., Cortina J., della Volpe D., Díaz Ginzo C., García-Lago F.F., Jorge I., Martínez G., Mirzoyan R., Polo M., Raiola A., Rodríguez-Vázquez J.J., Saha P., Schweizer T., Stanic L., Abe K., Abe S., Abhir J., Abhishek A., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Arnesen T.T.H., Babić A., Bakshi C., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Barrios-Jiménez L., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Bronzini E., Burelli I., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Zhang W., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Cerviño A., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., de Menezes R., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Dinesh A., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsaesser D., Yoshikoshi T., Fariña L., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., García Soto S., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Yoshida T.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 501   2025.12

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Proceedings of Science  

    In December 2023, the Flat Spectrum Radio Quasar OP 313 experienced an extraordinary very-high-energy (VHE, E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray flare, reaching an integral flux of 0.3 Crab Units above 100 GeV. This event marked the first VHE detection of OP 313 by the first Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1) at the Northern site of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory, delivering its inaugural scientific result and establishing OP 313 as the most distant blazar detected in this energy regime (z = 0.997). Coordinated observations with LST-1, the MAGIC telescopes, and Fermi-LAT enabled us to capture the detailed spectral and temporal evolution of the flare, which we compared with a low-emission state observed in January 2024. A complementary multi-wavelength campaign — from radio through X-rays — enabled us to construct and model the broad-band spectral energy distribution within a two-zone leptonic framework. In this scenario, synchrotron and external Compton processes, involving seed photons from the dusty torus and broad-line region, account for the observed emission, although several combinations of photon fields remain plausible. Furthermore, the broad energy coverage provided by our observations allowed us to probe the attenuation of VHE gamma-rays by the Extragalactic Background Light, yielding competitive upper limits on its intensity. This work not only demonstrates the breakthrough capabilities of LST-1 in VHE gamma-ray astronomy but also provides fresh insights into the complex radiative mechanisms of high-redshift blazars, paving the way for future studies of extreme extragalactic sources.

    DOI: 10.22323/1.501.0569

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  14. Prospects and latest optical intensity interferometry results with the MAGIC and CTAO-North LST telescopes Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Martínez I.J., Santos A.C., Hassan T., Acciari V., Burelli I., Cortina J., della Volpe D., Díaz Ginzo C., García-Lago F.F., Jorge I., Martínez G., Mirzoyan R., Polo M., Raiola A., Rodríguez-Vázquez J.J., Saha P., Schweizer T., Stanic L., Abe K., Abe S., Abhir J., Abhishek A., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Arnesen T.T.H., Babić A., Bakshi C., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Barrios-Jiménez L., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Bronzini E., Burelli I., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Zhang W., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Cerviño A., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., de Menezes R., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Dinesh A., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsaesser D., Yoshikoshi T., Fariña L., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., García Soto S., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Yoshida T.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 501   2025.12

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Proceedings of Science  

    Along with their gamma-ray observations at very high energies (VHE;20 GeV - 100 TeV), the two 17-m MAGIC telescopes (at Roque de los Muchachos Observatory, La Palma) have also been utilized as an optical stellar intensity interferometer (SII) for the last six years. The calibration and validation of the setup, alongside the first measurement of the stellar angular diameter of 13 massive stars, were published in a performance paper in early 2024 [1]. Around the same time, the technical advancements developed for MAGIC were applied to the first Large-Sized Telescope of the northern hemisphere array of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO-North LST-1), a 23-m diameter telescope located near MAGIC. Three more LSTs should be completed beginning of 2026 and they may be equipped in the same manner as LST-1. We will focus on our first measurements with the MAGIC+LST-1 SII and our prospects for this and the MAGIC+LST1-4 SII for the study of several objects that are also known to emit in gamma rays: novae, such as the upcoming T CrB; winds from massive stars, particularly colliding-wind binaries; and Be stars which are typical companions in VHE gamma-ray binaries.

    DOI: 10.22323/1.501.0935

    Open Access

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  15. Next-day observation processing for the LST-1 and MAGIC Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Martínez I.J., Santos A.C., Hassan T., Acciari V., Burelli I., Cortina J., della Volpe D., Díaz Ginzo C., García-Lago F.F., Jorge I., Martínez G., Mirzoyan R., Polo M., Raiola A., Rodríguez-Vázquez J.J., Saha P., Schweizer T., Stanic L., Abe K., Abe S., Abhir J., Abhishek A., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Arnesen T.T.H., Babić A., Bakshi C., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Barrios-Jiménez L., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Bronzini E., Burelli I., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Zhang W., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Cerviño A., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., de Menezes R., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Dinesh A., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsaesser D., Yoshikoshi T., Fariña L., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., García Soto S., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Yoshida T.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 501   2025.12

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Proceedings of Science  

    The MAGIC and LST-1 telescopes, located at the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory on La Palma, operate dedicated On-Site Analysis (OSA) pipelines that provide rapid, automated processing of observational data. These systems produce high-level data products just a few hours after observations are completed, enabling quick-look analyses, next-day data quality assessments, and rapid-response science such as flare detection and Target of Opportunity follow-ups. OSA pipelines have been in continuous operation since 2012 for MAGIC and since 2021 for LST-1, automatically processing nightly data using the standard analysis chain. The experience gained from both systems provides essential lessons for the development of Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory’s (CTAO’s) on-site analysis, demonstrating the practical and scientific benefits of fast data processing in Cherenkov telescopes.

    DOI: 10.22323/1.501.0630

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  16. Long-term multiwavelength view and modeling of the blazar B2 1811+31 in high state Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Cerasole D., Loporchio S., Abe K., Abe S., Abhir J., Abhishek A., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Asano K., Babić A., de Almeida U.B., Barrio J.A., Barrios-Jiménez L., Batković I., Baxter J., González J.B., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Bronzini E., Burelli I., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Ammando F., D’Amico G., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., de Menezes R., Delfino M., Delgado J., Mendez C.D., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Dinesh A., Prester D.D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsaesser D., Escudero J., Fariña L., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukazawa Y., López R.J.G., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Paiva J.G.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Gradetzke T., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Günther P., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Llorente J.H., Hrupec D., Imazawa R., Israyelyan D., Itokawa T., Martínez I.J., Quiles J.J., Jormanainen J., Kankkunen S., Kayanoki T.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 501   2025.12

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Proceedings of Science  

    Intermediate synchrotron-peaked BL Lacs (IBLs) are quite rare sources in the very high-energy (VHE; 100 GeV < E < 100 TeV) γ-ray sky. The IBL B2 1811+31 (z = 0.117) showed intense flaring activity in 2020. This event was detected by a wide range of multiwavelength (MWL) instruments from radio up to γ rays. The observations carried out by the MAGIC telescopes led to the first-time detection of VHE γ-ray emission from B2 1811+31. In this contribution, we highlight the key results of our recent study [1], which offers a comprehensive analysis of the source emission both during the 2020 high-activity state and during the quiescent state. Using a comprehensive MWL dataset, we contextualize this high-state episode within the source emissions over 18 years, from 2005 to 2024. We attribute the VHE γ-ray emission and the spectral and variability properties in the X-ray band to the electrons and positrons accelerated at the highest energies in the jet of the source. We propose a leptonic two-zone self-consistent model to interpret the observed MWL emission during the 2020 flaring state.

    DOI: 10.22323/1.501.0599

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  17. Prospects for dark matter observations in dwarf spheroidal galaxies with the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe K., Abe S., Abhir J., Abhishek A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Adam R., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Aguirre-Santaella A., Alfaro J., Alfaro R., Alispach C., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amato E., Ambrosi G., Ambrosino D., Ambrosino F., Angel L., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arcaro C., Asano K., Ascasibar Y., Augusto Stuani L., Backes M., Balazs C., Balbo M., Baquero Larriva A., Barbosa Martins V., Barrio J.A., Barrios-Jiménez L., Bartolini C., Batista P.I., Batković I., Batzofin R., Becerra González J., Beck G., Becker Tjus J., Benbow W., Berge D., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Bertucci B., Beshley V., Bhattacharjee P., Bhattacharyya S., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Blazek J., Bonnoli G., Bonollo A., Bosnjak Z., Bottacini E., Böttcher M., Bringmann T., Bronzini E., Brose R., Brunelli G., Buces Sáez J., Bunse M., Burmistrov L., Burton M., Calisse P.G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Cantlay B.K., Capasso G., Caproni A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta R., Caraveo P., Caroff S., Carosi R., Carquin E., Carrasco M.S., Cascone E., Castignani G., Castro-Tirado A.J., Cerasole D., Cerruti M., Cerviño Cortínez A., Chadwick P.M., Chai Y., Chaty S., Chen A.W., Chen Y., Chernyakova M., Chiavassa A., Chon G., Chudoba J., Cicciari G.M., Cifuentes A., Coimbra Araujo C.H., Colapietro M., Conforti V., Contreras J.L., Cornejo B.

    Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society   Vol. 544 ( 3 ) page: 2946 - 2986   2025.12

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society  

    The dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) orbiting the Milky Way are widely regarded as systems supported by velocity dispersion against self-gravity, and as prime targets for the search for indirect dark matter (DM) signatures in the GeV-to-TeV γ -ray range owing to their lack of astrophysical γ -ray background. We present forecasts of the sensitivity of the forthcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) to annihilating or decaying DM signals in these targets. An original selection of candidates is performed from the current catalogue of known objects, including both classical and ultrafaint dSphs. For each, the expected DM content is derived using the most comprehensive photometric and spectroscopic data available, within a consistent framework of analysis. This approach enables the derivation of novel astrophysical factor profiles for indirect DM searches, which are compared with results from the literature. From an initial sample of 64 dSphs, eight promising targets are identified – Draco I, Coma Berenices, Ursa Major II, Ursa Minor, and Willman 1 in the North, Reticulum II, Sculptor, and Sagittarius II in the South – for which different DM density models yield consistent expectations, leading to robust predictions. CTAO is expected to provide the strongest limits above ∼10 TeV, reaching velocity-averaged annihilation cross sections of ∼ 5 × 10<sup>−25</sup> cm<sup>3</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> and decay lifetimes up to ∼ 10<sup>26</sup> s for combined limits. The dominant uncertainties arise from the imprecise determination of the DM content, particularly for ultrafaint dSphs. Observation strategies are proposed that optimize either deep exposures of the best candidates or diversified target selections.

    DOI: 10.1093/mnras/staf1798

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  18. VHE γ-ray observations of bright BL Lacs with the Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1) of the CTAO Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe K., Abe S., Abhishek A., Acero F., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alispach C., Ambrosino D., Ambrosino F., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arnesen T.T.H., Asano K., Aubert P., Baktash A., Balbo M., Bamba A., Larriva A.B., De Almeida U.B., Barrio J.A., Jiménez L.B., Batkovic I., Baxter J., González J.B., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Bezshyiko I., Bigongiari C., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Borkowski G., Brunelli G., Bulgarelli A., Bunse M., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carraro R., Carrasco M.S., Cassol F., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Cortínez A.C., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chon G., Chytka L., Cicciari G.M., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lavergne M.D.B., Del Burgo R., Delgado C., Mengual J.D., Dellaiera M., Volpe D.D., De Lotto B., Del Peral L., De Menezes R., De Palma G., Díaz C., Marco G.D., Piano A.D., Pierro F.D., Tria R.D., Venere L.D., Dominik R.M., Prester D.D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Ramazani V.F., Ferrarotto F., Fiasson A., Foffano L., García-Lago F.F., Fröse S., Fukazawa Y., Gallozzi S., López R.G., Soto S.G.

    Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society   Vol. 544 ( 1 ) page: 669 - 686   2025.11

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society  

    Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is the next-generation ground-based -ray observatory operating in the energy range from up to, with two sites in La Palma (Spain) and Paranal (Chile). It will consist of telescopes of three sizes, covering different parts of the large energy range. We report on the performance of Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1) in the detection and characterization of extragalactic -ray sources, with a focus on the reconstructed -ray spectra and variability of classical bright BL Lacertae objects, which were observed during the early commissioning phase of the instrument. LST-1 data from known bright -ray blazars - Markarian 421, Markarian 501, 1ES 1959+650, 1ES 0647+250, and PG 1553 + 113 - were collected between 2020 July 10, and 2022 May 23, covering a zenith angle range of 4 to 57. The reconstructed light curves were analysed using a Bayesian block algorithm to distinguish the different activity phases of each blazar. Simultaneous Fermi-LAT data were utilized to reconstruct the broad-band -ray spectra for the sources during each activity phase. High-level reconstructed data in a format compatible with gammapy are provided together with measured light curves and spectral energy distributions (SEDs) for several bright blazars and an interpretation of the observed variability in long and short time-scales. Simulations of historical flares are generated to evaluate the sensitivity of LST-1. This work represents the first milestone in monitoring bright BL Lacertae objects with a CTAO telescope.

    DOI: 10.1093/mnras/staf1728

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  19. Constraining the TeV gamma-ray emission of SN 2024bch, a possible type IIn-L from a red supergiant progenitor Multiwavelength observations and analysis of the progenitor Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe K., Abe S., Abhishek A., Acero F., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alispach C., Ambrosino D., Ambrosino F., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arnesen T.T.H., Asano K., Aubert P., Baktash A., Balbo M., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Barrios Jiménez L., Batkovic I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Bezshyiko I., Bigongiari C., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Borkowski G., Brunelli G., Bulgarelli A., Bunse M., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carraro R., Carrasco M.S., Cassol F., Castrejón N., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Cerviño Cortínez A., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chon G., Chytka L., Cicciari G.M., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., Del Burgo R., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., Dellaiera M., della Volpe D., De Lotto B., Del Peral L., de Menezes R., De Palma G., Díaz C., Di Piano A., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dore D., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fallah Ramazani V., Ferrarotto F., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Frías García-Lago F., Fröse S., Fukazawa Y., Gallozzi S., Garcia López R.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 702   2025.10

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Astronomy and Astrophysics  

    We present very high-energy optical photometry and spectroscopic observations of SN 2024bch in the nearby galaxy NGC 3206 (∼20 Mpc). We used gamma-ray observations performed with the first Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) and optical observations with the Liverpool Telescope (LT) combined with data from public repositories to evaluate the general properties of the event and the progenitor star. No significant emission above the LST-1 energy threshold for this observation (∼100 GeV) was detected in the direction of SN 2024bch, and we computed an integral upper limit on the photon flux of F<inf>γ</inf>(>100 GeV) ≤ 3.61 × 10<sup>−12</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> based on six nonconsecutive nights of observations with the LST-1, between 16 and 38 days after the explosion. Employing a general model for the gamma-ray flux emission, we found an upper limit on the mass-loss-rate to wind-velocity ratio of M<sup>·</sup> /u<inf>w</inf> ≤ 10<sup>−4 M</sup><inf>yr km</inf><sup>s</sup> , although gamma-gamma absorption could potentially have skewed this estimation, effectively weakening our constraint. From spectro-photometric observations we found progenitor parameters of M<inf>pr</inf> = 11 – 20 M and R<inf>pr</inf> = 531 ± 125 R . Finally, using archival images from the Hubble Space Telescope, we constrained the luminosity of the progenitor star to log (L<inf>pr</inf>/L ) ≤ 4.82 and its effective temperature to T<inf>pr</inf> ≤ 4000 K. Our results suggest that SN 2024bch is a type IIn-L supernova that originated from a progenitor star consistent with a red supergiant. We show how the correct estimation of the mass-loss history of a supernova will play a major role in future multiwavelength observations.

    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202554721

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  20. Very high energy observations of the Seyfert galaxy NGC 4151 with MAGIC Indication of another gamma-ray obscured candidate neutrino source Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe K., Abe S., Abhir J., Abhishek A., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Arnesen T.T.H., Asano K., Babić A., Bakshi C., Barres De Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Barrios-Jiménez L., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Bronzini E., Burelli I., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., De Menezes R., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Dinesh A., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsaesser D., Escudero J., Fariña L., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Gradetzke T., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Günther P., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera Llorente J., Hrupec D., Imazawa R., Israyelyan D., Jahanvi J., Jiménez Martínez I., Jiménez Quiles J., Jormanainen J., Kankkunen S., Kayanoki T., Konrad J.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 702   2025.10

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Astronomy and Astrophysics  

    Seyfert galaxies are emerging as a promising source class of high-energy neutrinos. The Seyfert galaxies NGC 4151 and NGC 1068 have respectively come up as the most promising counterparts of a 3σ and of a 4.2σ neutrino excesses detected by IceCube in the TeV energy range. Constraining the very high energy (VHE) emission associated with the neutrino signal is crucial to unveiling the mechanism and site of neutrino production. In this work, we present the first results of the VHE observations (∼29 hours) of NGC 4151 with the MAGIC telescopes. We detected no gamma-ray excess in the direction of NGC 4151, and we derived constraining upper limits on the VHE gamma-ray flux. The integral flux upper limit (at the 95% confidence level) above 200 GeV is f = 2.3 × 10<sup>−12</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>. Comparison of the MAGIC and IceCube measurements suggests the presence of a gamma-ray obscured accelerator, and it allowed us to constrain the gamma-ray optical depth and the size of the neutrino production site.

    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202554723

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  21. Critical role of the β isoform of protein kinase C (PKCβ) in angiotensin II-induced oxidative stress in vascular smooth muscle cells. Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Tajima H, Naganishi S, Mukohda M, Ishida M, Hamada N, Shigemi N, Yamasaki T, Nakamura S, Matsui T, Mizuno R, Ozaki H

    Physiological reports   Vol. 13 ( 20 ) page: e70595   2025.10

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    DOI: 10.14814/phy2.70595

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    PubMed

  22. A Systematic Search for MeV–GeV Pulsar Wind Nebulae without Gamma-Ray Detected Pulsars Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Acharyya A., Adelfio A., Ajello M., Baldini L., Ballet J., Bartolini C., Becerra Gonzalez J., Bellazzini R., Bissaldi E., Bonino R., Bruel P., Cameron R.A., Caraveo P.A., Casaburo F., Casini F., Castro D., Cavazzuti E., Ciprini S., Cozzolongo G., Cristarella Orestano P., Cuna F., Cutini S., D’Ammando F., Depalo D., Di Lalla N., Dinesh A., Di Venere L., Domínguez A., Eagle J., Fiori A., Fukazawa Y., Funk S., Fusco P., Gargano F., Gasbarra C., Gasparrini D., Germani S., Giacchino F., Giglietto N., Giliberti M., Giordano F., Giroletti M., Green D., Grenier I.A., Grondin M.H., Guiriec S., Gupta R., Harding A.K., Hashizume M., Hays E., Hewitt J.W., Horan D., Hou X., Kayanoki T., Kuss M., Laviron A., Lemoine-Goumard M., Liguori A., Li J., Liodakis I., Loizzo P., Longo F., Loparco F., Lorusso L., Lovellette M.N., Lubrano P., Maldera S., Malyshev D., Martí-Devesa G., Mazziotta M.N., Mereu I., Michelson P.F., Mirabal N., Mizuno T., Monti-Guarnieri P., Monzani M.E., Morselli A., Moskalenko I.V., Omodei N., Orlando E., Paneque D., Panzarini G., Persic M., Pesce-Rollins M., Pillera R., Porter T.A., Principe G., Rainò S., Rando R., Razzano M., Reimer A., Reimer O., Sánchez-Conde M., Saz Parkinson P.M., Serini D., Sgrò C., Siskind E.J., Spandre G., Spinelli P., Strong A.W.

    Astrophysical Journal   Vol. 989 ( 1 )   2025.8

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Astrophysical Journal  

    An increasing number of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are being identified in the TeV band by ground-based Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes such that they constitute the dominant source class of Galactic TeV emitters. However, MeV–GeV PWN counterparts are still largely lacking. To date, only a dozen PWNe are identified by the Fermi–Large Area Telescope (LAT) in the MeV–GeV band. Most PWNe are located along the Galactic plane embedded within the prominent, diffuse Galactic γ-ray emission, which makes these sources difficult to disentangle from the bright diffuse background. We present a systematic search for γ-ray counterparts to known PWNe in the 300 MeV–2 TeV energy band using the Fermi–LAT. We target the locations of previously identified PWNe that lack detected Fermi–LAT pulsars to minimize associated pulsar contamination. The sample includes six previously identified Fermi PWNe and eight Fermi–LAT sources associated with PWNe. We report the analysis of 58 regions of interest and classify Fermi–LAT detected sources as either a likely PWN or a candidate PWN counterpart based on their morphological and spectral characteristics across the broadband spectrum. There are nine unidentified Fermi–LAT sources that we consider as likely PWN counterparts, which, if confirmed to be PWNe, would greatly increase the PWN population detected by the Fermi–LAT from 12 to 21. The remaining Fermi–LAT detected sources are considered weaker PWN candidates. A second approach in the systematic search for γ-ray emitting PWNe will involve studying the off-pulse phases of Fermi–LAT detected pulsars for the presence of an obscured PWN and will be reported in a subsequent paper.

    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ade8f0

    Open Access

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  23. GRB 221009A: Observations with LST-1 of CTAO and Implications for Structured Jets in Long Gamma-Ray Bursts Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe K., Abe S., Abhishek A., Acero F., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alispach C., Ambrosino D., Ambrosino F., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arnesen T.T.H., Asano K., Aubert P., Baktash A., Balbo M., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Barrios Jiménez L., Batkovic I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Bezshyiko I., Bigongiari C., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Borkowski G., Brunelli G., Bulgarelli A., Bunse M., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carraro R., Carrasco M.S., Cassol F., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Cerviño Cortínez A., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chon G., Chytka L., Cicciari G.M., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., Del Burgo R., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., Dellaiera M., della Volpe D., De Lotto B., Del Peral L., de Menezes R., De Palma G., Díaz C., Di Piano A., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fallah Ramazani V., Ferrarotto F., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Frías García-Lago F., Fröse S., Fukazawa Y., Gallozzi S., Garcia López R., Garcia Soto S., Gasbarra C.

    Astrophysical Journal Letters   Vol. 988 ( 2 )   2025.8

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    GRB 221009A is the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) observed to date. Extensive observations of its afterglow emission across the electromagnetic spectrum were performed, providing the first strong evidence of a jet with a nontrivial angular structure in a long GRB. We carried out an extensive observation campaign in very-high-energy (VHE) gamma rays with the first Large-Sized Telescope of the future Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory starting on 2022 October 10, about 1 day after the burst. A dedicated analysis of the GRB 221009A data is performed to account for the different moonlight conditions under which data were recorded. We find an excess of gamma-like events with a statistical significance of 4.1σ during the observations taken 1.33 days after the burst, followed by background-compatible results for the later days. The results are compared with various models of afterglows from structured jets that are consistent with the published multiwavelength data but entail significant quantitative and qualitative differences in the VHE emission after 1 day. We disfavor models that imply VHE flux at 1 day considerably above 10<sup>−11</sup> erg cm<sup>−2</sup> s<sup>−1</sup>. Our late-time VHE observations can help disentangle the degeneracy among the models and provide valuable new insight into the structure of GRB jets.

    DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ade4cf

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  24. Testing the ubiquitous presence of very high energy emission in gamma-ray bursts with the MAGIC telescopes Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe S., Abhir J., Abhishek A., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Arnesen T.T.H., Asano K., Babić A., Bakshi C., Barres De Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Barrios-Jiménez L., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Bronzini E., Burelli I., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D'amico G., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., De Menezes R., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Dinesh A., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsaesser D., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., García Soto S., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Gradetzke T., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Günther P., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera Llorente J., Hrupec D., Imazawa R., Inoue S., Israyelyan D., Jahanvi J., Jiménez Martínez I., Jiménez Quiles J., Jormanainen J.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 700   2025.8

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    Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the most powerful transient objects in the Universe, and they are a primary target for the MAGIC Collaboration. Recognizing the challenges of observing these elusive objects with Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), we implemented a dedicated observational strategy that included an automated procedure for rapid re-pointing to transient sources. Since 2013, this automated procedure has enabled MAGIC to observe GRBs at a rate of approximately ten per year, which led to the successful detection of two GRBs at very high energies (VHE; E > 100 GeV). We present a comprehensive analysis of 42 non-detected GRBs (4 short GRBs) observed by MAGIC from 2013 to 2019. We derived upper limits (ULs) on the observed energy flux as well as on the intrinsic energy flux corrected for absorption by the extragalactic background light (EBL) from the MAGIC observations in selected energy and time intervals. We conducted a comprehensive study of their properties to investigate the reasons for these non-detections, including the possible peculiar properties of TeV-detected GRBs. We find that strong EBL absorption significantly hinders TeV detection for the majority of GRBs in our sample. For a subset of 6 GRBs with redshift z < 2, we compared the UL on the intrinsic flux in the VHE domain with the simultaneous X-ray flux, which is observed to be at the same level in the current population of TeV-detected GRBs. Based on these inferred MAGIC ULs, we conclude that a VHE component with a luminosity comparable to the simultaneously observed X-ray luminosity cannot be ruled out for this sample.

    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202555468

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  25. Fermi detection of gamma-ray emission from the hot coronae of radio-quiet active galactic nuclei Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Liu, JR; Wang, JM; Abdollahi, S; Ajello, M; Batista, RA; Baldini, L; Bartolini, C; Bastieri, D; Gonzalez, JB; Bellazzini, R; Berenji, B; Bissaldi, E; Blandford, RD; Bonino, R; Bruel, P; Buson, S; Cameron, RA; Caraveo, PA; Cavazzuti, E; Chiaro, G; Cibrario, N; Ciprini, S; Orestano, PC; Cutini, S; D'Ammando, F; Di Lalla, N; Dinesh, A; Di Venere, L; Dominguez, A; Fegan, SJ; Fiori, A; Franckowiak, A; Fukazawa, Y; Funk, S; Fusco, P; Gargano, F; Gasbarra, C; Gasparrini, D; Germani, S; Giglietto, N; Giliberti, M; Giordano, F; Giroletti, M; Green, D; Grenier, IA; Guiriec, S; Hashizume, M; Hays, E; Hewitt, JW; Horan, D; Hou, X; Karwin, C; Kayanoki, T; Kuss, M; Laviron, A; Lemoine-Goumard, M; Li, J; Liodakis, I; Longo, F; Loparco, F; Lorusso, L; Lubrano, P; Maldera, S; Marcotulli, L; Marti-Devesa, G; Mazziotta, MN; Mereu, I; Michelson, PF; Mirabal, N; Mitthumsiri, W; Mizuno, T; Monzani, ME; Morishita, T; Morselli, A; Moskalenko, IV; Negro, M; Niwa, R; Omodei, N; Orienti, M; Orlando, E; Ormes, JF; Paneque, D; Panzarini, G; Persic, M; Pesce-Rollins, M; Pillera, R; Porter, TA; Principe, G; Raino, S; Rando, R; Rani, B; Razzano, M; Reimer, A; Reimer, O; Sanchez-Conde, M; Parkinson, PMS; Serini, D; Sgro, C; Siskind, EJ; Spandre, G; Spinelli, P; Suson, DJ; Tajima, H; Thayer, JB; Torres, DF; Zhao, ZH

    NATURE ASTRONOMY   Vol. 9 ( 7 ) page: 1086 - 1097   2025.7

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Nature Astronomy  

    Relativistic jets around supermassive black holes are well-known powerful γ-ray emitters. In the absence of the jets in radio-quiet active galactic nuclei, how the supermassive black holes work in γ-ray bands is still unknown despite great observational efforts in the past three decades. Here, considering the previous efforts, we carefully select an active galactic nucleus sample composed of 37 nearby Seyfert galaxies with ultrahard X-rays for γ-ray detection by excluding all potential contamination in this band. Adopting a stacking technique, we report the significant γ-ray detection (test statistic 30.6, or 5.2σ) from the sample using 15-year Fermi-LAT observations. We find the average γ-ray luminosity of the sample to be (1.5 ± 1.0) × 10<sup>40</sup> erg s<sup>−1</sup> at energies of 1–300 GeV. Limited by the well-known pair production from the interaction of γ-rays with low-energy photons, γ-rays of more than several giga-electronvolts are found to originate from an extended corona (~2.7 × 10<sup>6</sup> gravitational radii), whereas the canonical much more compact X-ray corona (~10 gravitational radii) is responsible for γ-rays of one to several giga-electronvolts. The finding of the compact region lends strong support to the long-time theoretical expectations, but the extended corona is an unexpected finding. One promising scenario is that the electron–positron pairs produced in the compact X-ray corona would expand as a fireball, similar to that in γ-ray bursts, forming the structure of extended corona.

    DOI: 10.1038/s41550-025-02538-2

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  26. Multi-wavelength study of OT 081: broadband modelling of a transitional blazar Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe, H.; Abe, S.; Acciari, V. A.; Agudo, I.; Aniello, T.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.; Arbet Engels, A.; Arcaro, C.; Artero, M.; Asano, K.; Baack, D.; Babić, A.; Baquero, A.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Batković, I.; Baxter, J.; Bernardini, E.; Bernardos, M.; Bernete, J.; Berti, A.; Bigongiari, C.; Biland, A.; Blanch, O.; Bonnoli, G.; Bošnjak, Ž.; Burelli, I.; Busetto, G.; Campoy-Ordaz, A.; Carosi, A.; Carosi, R.; Carretero-Castrillo, M.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Chai, Y.; Cifuentes, A.; Cikota, S.; Colombo, E.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Covino, S.; D'Amico, G.; D'Elia, V.; Da Vela, P.; Dazzi, F.; De Angelis, A.; De Lotto, B.; Del Popolo, A.; Delfino, M.; Delgado, J.; Delgado Mendez, C.; Depaoli, D.; Di Pierro, F.; Di Venere, L.; Dominis Prester, D.; Donini, A.; Dorner, D.; Doro, M.; Elsaesser, D.; Emery, G.; Escudero, J.; Fariña, L.; Fattorini, A.; Foffano, L.; Font, L.; Fukami, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; García López, R. J.; Gasparyan, S.; Gaug, M.; Giesbrecht Paiva, J. G.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Gliwny, P.; Grau, R.; Green, J. G.; Hadasch, D.; Hahn, A.; Heckmann, L.; Herrera, J.; Hrupec, D.; Hütten, M.; Imazawa, R.; Inada, T.; Iotov, R.; Ishio, K.; Jiménez Martínez, I.; Jormanainen, J.; Kerszberg, D.; Kluge, G. W.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; Láinez Lezáun, M.; Lamastra, A.; Leone, F.; Lindfors, E.; Linhoff, L.; Lombardi, S.; Longo, F.; López-Moya, M.; López-Oramas, A.; Loporchio, S.; Lorini, A.; Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B.; Majumdar, P.; Makariev, M.; Maneva, G.; Mang, N.; Manganaro, M.; Mangano, S.; Mannheim, K.; Mariotti, M.; Martínez, M.; Mas-Aguilar, A.; Mazin, D.; Menchiari, S.; Mender, S.; Mićanović, S.; Miceli, D.; Miranda, J. M.; Mirzoyan, R.; Molina, E.; Mondal, H. A.; Morcuende, D.; Nanci, C.; Neustroev, V.; Nigro, C.; Nishijima, K.; Njoh Ekoume, T.; Noda, K.; Nozaki, S.; Ohtani, Y.; Otero-Santos, J.; Paiano, S.; Palatiello, M.; Paneque, D.; Paoletti, R.; Paredes, J. M.; Pavletić, L.; Persic, M.; Pihet, M.; Pirola, G.; Podobnik, F.; Moroni, P. G. Prada, Prandini, E.; Principe, G.; Priyadarshi, C.; Rhode, W.; Ribó, M.; Rico, J.; Righi, C.; Sahakyan, N.; Saito, T.; Satalecka, K.; Saturni, F. G.; Schleicher, B.; Schmidt, K.; Schmuckermaier, F.; Schubert, J. L.; Schweizer, T.; Sitarek, J.; Spolon, A.; Stamerra, A.; Strišković, J.; Strom, D.; Suda, Y.; Surić, T.; Suutarinen, S.; Tajima, H.; Takahashi, M.; Takeishi, R.; Tavecchio, F.; Temnikov, P.; Terzić, T.; Teshima, M.; Tosti, L.; Truzzi, S.; Ubach, S.; van Scherpenberg, J.; Ventura, S.; Verguilov, V.; Viale, I.; Vigorito, C. F.; Vitale, V.; Walter, R.; Yamamoto, T.; Ait Benkhali, F.; Becherini, Y.; Bi, B.; Böttcher, M.; Bolmont, J.; Brown, A.; Bulik, T.; Casanova, S.; Chand, T.; Chandra, S.; Chibueze, J.; Chibueze, O.; Egberts, K.; & Einecke, S.

    Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society   Vol. 540 ( 1 ) page: 364 - 384   2025.6

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    DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stae2469

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  27. Detection of the Geminga pulsar at energies down to 20 GeV with the LST-1 of CTAO Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe K., Abe S., Abhishek A., Acero F., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alispach C., Ambrosino D., Ambrosino F., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arnesen T.T.H., Asano K., Aubert P., Baktash A., Balbo M., Bamba A., Larriva A.B., de Almeida U.B., Barrio J.A., Jiménez L.B., Batkovic I., Baxter J., González J.B., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Bezshyiko I., Bigongiari C., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Borkowski G., Brunelli G., Bulgarelli A., Bunse M., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carraro R., Carrasco M.S., Cassol F., Castrejón N., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Cortínez A.C., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chon G., Chytka L., Cicciari G.M., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Lavergne M.d.B., Burgo R.D., Delgado C., Mengual J.D., Dellaiera M., Volpe D.d., De Lotto B., Peral L.D., de Menezes R., De Palma G., Díaz C., Piano A.D., Pierro F.D., Tria R.D., Venere L.D., Dominik R.M., Prester D.D., Donini A., Dore D., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Ramazani V.F., Ferrarotto F., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Fröse S., Fukazawa Y., Gallozzi S., López R.G., Soto S.G.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 698   2025.6

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    Context. Geminga is the third gamma-ray pulsar firmly detected by imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) after the Crab and the Vela pulsars. Most of its emission is expected at tens of giga-electronvolts, and, out of the planned telescopes of the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO), the Large-Sized Telescopes (LSTs) are the only ones with optimised sensitivity at these energies. Aims. We aim to characterise the gamma-ray pulse shape and spectrum of Geminga as observed by the first LST (hereafter LST-1) of the Northern Array of CTAO. Furthermore, this study confirms the great performance and the improved energy threshold of the telescope, as low as 10 GeV for pulsar analysis, with respect to current-generation Cherenkov telescopes. Methods. We analysed 60 hours of good-quality data taken by the LST-1 between December 2022 and March 2024 at zenith angles below 50<sup>◦</sup>. Additionally, a new Fermi-LAT analysis of 16.6 years of data was carried out to extend the spectral analysis down to 100 MeV. Lastly, a detailed study of the systematic effects was performed. Results. We report the detection of Geminga in the energy range between 20 and 65 GeV. Of the two peaks of the phaseogram, the second one, P2, is detected with a significance of 12.2σ, while the first (P1) reaches a significance level of 2.6σ. The best-fit model for the spectrum of P2 was found to be a power law with a spectral index of Γ = (4.5±0.4<inf>stat</inf>)<inf>−</inf><sup>+</sup><inf>0</inf><sup>0</sup><inf>6</inf><sup>2</sup><inf>sys</inf><sup>sys</sup>, compatible with the previous results obtained by the MAGIC Collaboration. No evidence of curvature is found in the LST-1 energy range. The joint fit with Fermi-LAT data confirms a preference for a sub-exponential cut-off over a pure exponential, even though both models fail to reproduce the data above several tens of giga-electronvolts. The overall results presented in this paper prove that the LST-1 is an excellent telescope for the observation of pulsars, and improved sensitivity is expected to be achieved with the full CTAO Northern Array.

    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202554350

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  28. Very high-energy gamma-ray detection and long-term multiwavelength view of the flaring blazar B2 1811+31 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe K., Abe S., Abhir J., Abhishek A., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Engels A.A., Arcaro C., Asano K., Babić A., de Almeida U.B., Barrio J.A., Barrios-Jiménez L., Batković I., Baxter J., González J.B., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Bronzini E., Burelli I., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Ammando F., D’Amico G., Vela P.D., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., de Menezes R., Delfino M., Delgado J., Mendez C.D., Pierro F.D., Tria R.D., Venere L.D., Dinesh A., Prester D.D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsaesser D., Escudero J., Fariña L., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukazawa Y., López R.J.G., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Paiva J.G.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Gradetzke T., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Günther P., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Llorente J.H., Hrupec D., Imazawa R., Israyelyan D., Itokawa T., Martínez I.J., Quiles J.J., Jormanainen J., Kankkunen S., Kayanoki T., Kerszberg D., Khachatryan M.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 697   2025.5

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    Context. Among the blazars whose emission has been detected up to very high-energy (VHE; 100 GeV < E < 100 TeV) γ rays, intermediate synchrotron-peaked BL Lacs (IBLs) are quite rare. The IBL B2 1811+31 (z = 0.117) exhibited intense flaring activity in 2020. Detailed characterization of the source emission from radio to γ-ray energies was achieved with quasi-simultaneous observations, which led to the first-time detection of VHE γ-ray emission from the source with the MAGIC telescopes. Aims. In this work, we present a comprehensive multiwavelength (MWL) view of B2 1811+31, with a specific focus on the 2020 VHE flare, employing data from MAGIC, Fermi-LAT, Swift-XRT, Swift-UVOT, and several optical and radio ground-based telescopes. Methods. Long-term MWL data were employed to contextualize the high-state episode within the source emissions over 18 years. We investigated the variability, cross-correlations, and classification of the source emissions during low and high states. We propose an interpretative leptonic model for the observed radiative high state. Results. During the 2020 flaring state, the synchrotron peak frequency shifted to higher values and reached the limit of the IBL classification. Variability in timescales of a few hours in the high-energy (HE; 100 MeV < E < 100 GeV) γ-ray band poses an upper limit of 6 × 10<sup>14</sup> δ<inf>D</inf> cm on the size of the emission region responsible for the γ-ray flare, with δ<inf>D</inf> being the relativistic Doppler factor of the region. During the 2020 high state, the average spectrum became harder in the HE γ-ray band compared to the low states. A similar behavior has been observed in X-rays. Conversely, during different activity periods, we find harder-when-brighter trends in X-rays and a hint of softer-when-brighter trends at HE γ rays. A long-term HE γ-ray and optical correlation indicates that the same emission regions dominate the radiative output in both ranges, whereas the evolution at 15 GHz shows no correlation with the fluxes at higher frequencies. We test one-zone and two-zone synchrotron-self-Compton models for describing the broadband spectral energy distribution during the 2020 flaring state and investigate the self-consistency of the proposed scenario.

    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202452942

    Open Access

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  29. Multimodal shifts in the dark current of silicon photomultipliers Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Kawarasaki R., Okumura A., Furuta K., Tajima H.

    Journal of Instrumentation   Vol. 20 ( 4 )   2025.4

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Journal of Instrumentation  

    The dark count rate is one of the key properties of avalanche photodiodes (APDs) and silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). Previous studies have reported discrete shifts in the dark count rate on short timescales (∼10 ms to ∼100 s) with small increases (up to ∼1 kHz per APD). In this study, we report a similar yet distinct phenomenon in the dark current of SiPMs designed for gamma-ray telescopes. Long-term stability tests (>100 days) revealed bimodal or multimodal dark current shifts of the order of 0.1 µA on timescales of days in 48 out of 128 SiPM channels. In addition, optical emission was observed from an APD surface when the dark current was in a high state. These findings suggest that multimodal dark current behavior is a common property of SiPMs, which may be due to defects in the silicon.

    DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/20/04/C04031

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  30. Detection of RS Oph with LST-1 and modelling of its HE/VHE gamma-ray emission Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe, K.; Abe, S.; Abhishek, A.; Acero, F.; Aguasca-Cabot, A.; Agudo, I.; Alispach, C.; Alvarez Crespo, N.; Ambrosino, D.; Antonelli, L. A.; Aramo, C.; Arbet-Engels, A.; Arcaro, C.; Asano, K.; Aubert, P.; Baktash, A.; Balbo, M.; Bamba, A.; Baquero Larriva, A.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Barrios Jiménez, L.; Batkovic, I.; Baxter, J.; Becerra González, J.; Bernardini, E.; Bernete, J.; Berti, A.; Bezshyiko, I.; Bhattacharjee, P.; Bigongiari, C.; Bissaldi, E.; Blanch, O.; Bonnoli, G.; Bordas, P.; Borkowski, G.; Brunelli, G.; Bulgarelli, A.; Bunse, M.; Burelli, I.; Burmistrov, L.; Buscemi, M.; Cardillo, M.; Caroff, S.; Carosi, A.; Carrasco, M. S.; Cassol, F.; Castrejón, N.; Cerasole, D.; Ceribella, G.; Chai, Y.; Cheng, K.; Chiavassa, A.; Chikawa, M.; Chon, G.; Chytka, L.; Cicciari, G. M.; Cifuentes, A.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Costantini, H.; Da Vela, P.; Dalchenko, M.; Dazzi, F.; De Angelis, A.; de Bony de Lavergne, M.; De Lotto, B.; de Menezes, R.; Del Burgo, R.; Del Peral, L.; Delgado, C.; Delgado Mengual, J.; della Volpe, D.; Dellaiera, M.; Di Piano, A.; Di Pierro, F.; Di Tria, R.; Di Venere, L.; Díaz, C.; Dominik, R. M.; Dominis Prester, D.; Donini, A.; Dore, D.; Dorner, D.; Doro, M.; Eisenberger, L.; Elsässer, D.; Emery, G.; Escudero, J.; Fallah Ramazani, V.; Ferrarotto, F.; Fiasson, A.; Foffano, L.; Freixas Coromina, L.; Fröse, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; Garcia López, R.; Gasbarra, C.; Gasparrini, D.; Geyer, D.; Giesbrecht Paiva, J.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Gliwny, P.; Godinovic, N.; Grau, R.; Green, D.; Green, J.; Gunji, S.; Günther, P.; Hackfeld, J.; Hadasch, D.; Hahn, A.; Hassan, T.; Hayashi, K.; Heckmann, L.; Heller, M.; Herrera Llorente, J.; Hirotani, K.; Hoffmann, D.; Horns, D.; Houles, J.; Hrabovsky, M.; Hrupec, D.; Hui, D.; Iarlori, M.; Imazawa, R.; Inada, T.; Inome, Y.; Inoue, S.; Ioka, K.; Iori, M.; Iuliano, A.; Jahanvi, J.; Jimenez Martinez, I.; Jimenez Quiles, J.; Jurysek, J.; Kagaya, M.; Kalashev, O.; Karas, V.; Katagiri, H.; Kataoka, J.; Kerszberg, D.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kohri, K.; Kong, A.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; Lacave, B.; Lainez, M.; Lamanna, G.; Lamastra, A.; Lemoigne, L.; Linhoff, M.; Longo, F.; López-Coto, R.; López-Moya, M.; López-Oramas, A.; Loporchio, S.; Lorini, A.; Lozano Bahilo, J.; Luciani, H.; Luque-Escamilla, P. L.; Majumdar, P.; Makariev, M.; Mallamaci, M.; Mandat, D.; Manganaro, M.; Manicò, G.; Mannheim, K.; Marchesi, S.; Mariotti, M.; Marquez, P.; Marsella, G.; Martí, J.; Martinez, O.; Martínez, G.; Martínez, M.; Mas-Aguilar, A.; Maurin, G.; Mazin, D.; Méndez-Gallego, J.; Menon, S.; Mestre Guillen, E.; Micanovic, S.; Miceli, D.; Miener, T.; Miranda, J. M.; Mirzoyan, R.; Mizuno, T.; Molero Gonzalez, M.; Molina, E.; Montaruli, T.; Moralejo, A.; Morcuende, D.; Morselli, A.; Moya, V.; Muraishi, H.; Nagataki, S.; & Nakamori, T.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 695   page: A152   2025.3

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    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202452447

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  31. Combined search in dwarf spheroidal galaxies for branon dark matter annihilation signatures with the MAGIC telescopes Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe, S.; Abhir, J.; Abhishek, A.; Acciari, V. A.; Aguasca-Cabot, A.; Agudo, I.; Aniello, T.; Ansoldi, S.; Arbet Engels, A.; Arcaro, C.; Asano, K.; Baack, D.; Babić, A.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Batković, I.; Bautista, A.; Baxter, J.; Becerra González, J.; Bednarek, W.; Bernardini, E.; Bernete, J.; Berti, A.; Besenrieder, J.; Bigongiari, C.; Biland, A.; Blanch, O.; Bonnoli, G.; Bošnjak, Ž.; Bronzini, E.; Burelli, I.; Campoy-Ordaz, A.; Carosi, R.; Carretero-Castrillo, M.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Cerasole, D.; Ceribella, G.; Chai, Y.; Cifuentes, A.; Colombo, E.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Covino, S.; D'Amico, G.; D'Elia, V.; da Vela, P.; Dazzi, F.; de Angelis, A.; de Lotto, B.; de Menezes, R.; Delgado, J.; Delgado Mendez, C.; di Pierro, F.; di Tria, R.; di Venere, L.; Dominis Prester, D.; Donini, A.; Dorner, D.; Doro, M.; Elsaesser, D.; Escudero, J.; Fariña, L.; Fattorini, A.; Foffano, L.; Font, L.; Fröse, S.; Fukami, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; García López, R. J.; Garczarczyk, M.; Gasparyan, S.; Gaug, M.; Giesbrecht Paiva, J. G.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Gliwny, P.; Gradetzke, T.; Grau, R.; Green, D.; Green, J. G.; Günther, P.; Hadasch, D.; Hahn, A.; Hassan, T.; Heckmann, L.; Herrera Llorente, J.; Hrupec, D.; Imazawa, R.; Ishio, K.; Jiménez Martínez, I.; Jormanainen, J.; Kankkunen, S.; Kayanoki, T.; Kerszberg, D.; Kluge, G. W.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kouch, P. M.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; Láinez, M.; Lamastra, A.; Leone, F.; Lindfors, E.; Lombardi, S.; Longo, F.; López-Coto, R.; López-Moya, M.; López-Oramas, A.; Loporchio, S.; Lorini, A.; Lyard, E.; Majumdar, P.; Makariev, M.; Maneva, G.; Manganaro, M.; Mangano, S.; Mannheim, K.; Mariotti, M.; Martínez, M.; Martínez-Chicharro, M.; Mas-Aguilar, A.; Mazin, D.; Menchiari, S.; Mender, S.; Miceli, D.; Miener, T.; Miranda, J. M.; Mirzoyan, R.; Molero González, M.; Molina, E.; Mondal, H. A.; Moralejo, A.; Morcuende, D.; Nakamori, T.; Nanci, C.; Neustroev, V.; Nievas Rosillo, M.; Nigro, C.; Nikolić, L.; Nishijima, K.; Njoh Ekoume, T.; Nozaki, S.; Okumura, A.; Otero-Santos, J.; Paiano, S.; Paneque, D.; Paoletti, R.; Paredes, J. M.; Peresano, M.; Persic, M.; Pihet, M.; Pirola, G.; Podobnik, F.; Prada Moroni, P. G.; Prandini, E.; Principe, G.; Rhode, W.; Ribó, M.; Rico, J.; Righi, C.; Sahakyan, N.; Saito, T.; Saturni, F. G.; Schmidt, K.; Schmuckermaier, F.; Schubert, J. L.; Sciaccaluga, A.; Silvestri, G.; Sitarek, J.; Sliusar, V.; Spolon, A.; Sobczynska, D.; Strišković, J.; Strom, D.; Strzys, M.; Suda, Y.; Tajima, H.; Takeishi, R.; Temnikov, P.; Terauchi, K.; Terzić, T.; Teshima, M.; Truzzi, S.; Tutone, A.; Ubach, S.; van Scherpenberg, J.; Vazquez Acosta, M.; Ventura, S.; Verna, G.; Viale, I.; Vigorito, C. F.; Vitale, V.; Vovk, I.; Walter, R.; Wersig, F.; Will, M.; Wunderlich, C.; Yamamoto, T.; Gammaldi, V.; & Nieto, D.

    Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics   Vol. 2025 ( 3 ) page: 20   2025.3

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    DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/020

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  32. GRB 221009A: The B.O.A.T. Burst that Shines in Gamma Rays Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Axelsson, M.; Ajello, M.; Arimoto, M.; Baldini, L.; Ballet, J.; Baring, M. G.; Bartolini, C.; Bastieri, D.; Becerra Gonzalez, J.; Bellazzini, R.; Berenji, B.; Bissaldi, E.; Blandford, R. D.; Bonino, R.; Bruel, P.; Buson, S.; Cameron, R. A.; Caputo, R.; Caraveo, P. A.; Cavazzuti, E.; Cheung, C. C.; Chiaro, G.; Cibrario, N.; Ciprini, S.; Cozzolongo, G.; Cristarella Orestano, P.; Crnogorcevic, M.; Cuoco, A.; Cutini, S.; D'Ammando, F.; De Gaetano, S.; Di Lalla, N.; Dinesh, A.; Di Tria, R.; Di Venere, L.; Domínguez, A.; Fegan, S. J.; Ferrara, E. C.; Fiori, A.; Franckowiak, A.; Fukazawa, Y.; Funk, S.; Fusco, P.; Galanti, G.; Gargano, F.; Gasbarra, C.; Germani, S.; Giacchino, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giliberti, M.; Gill, R.; Giordano, F.; Giroletti, M.; Granot, J.; Green, D.; Grenier, I. A.; Guiriec, S.; Gustafsson, M.; Hashizume, M.; Hays, E.; Hewitt, J. W.; Horan, D.; Kayanoki, T.; Kuss, M.; Laviron, A.; Li, J.; Liodakis, I.; Longo, F.; Loparco, F.; Lorusso, L.; Lott, B.; Lovellette, M. N.; Lubrano, P.; Maldera, S.; Malyshev, D.; Manfreda, A.; Martí-Devesa, G.; Martinelli, R.; Martinez Castellanos, I.; Mazziotta, M. N.; McEnery, J. E.; Mereu, I.; Meyer, M.; Michelson, P. F.; Mirabal, N.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Mizuno, T.; Monti-Guarnieri, P.; Monzani, M. E.; Morishita, T.; Morselli, A.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Negro, M.; Niwa, R.; Omodei, N.; Orienti, M.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Panzarini, G.; Persic, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Petrosian, V.; Pillera, R.; Piron, F.; Porter, T. A.; Principe, G.; Racusin, J. L.; Rainò, S.; Rando, R.; Rani, B.; Razzano, M.; Razzaque, S.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Ryde, F.; Sánchez-Conde, M.; Saz Parkinson, P. M.; Serini, D.; Sgrò, C.; Sharma, V.; Siskind, E. J.; Spandre, G.; Spinelli, P.; Suson, D. J.; Tajima, H.; Tak, D.; Thayer, J. B.; Torres, D. F.; Valverde, J.; Zaharijas, G.; Fermi LAT Collaboration, Lesage, S.; Briggs, M. S.; Burns, E.; Bala, S.; Bhat, P. N.; Cleveland, W. H.; Dalessi, S.; de Barra, C.; Gibby, M.; Giles, M. M.; Hamburg, R.; Hristov, B. A.; Kocevski, D.; Hui, C. M.; Mailyan, B.; Malacaria, C.; McBreen, S.; Poolakkil, S.; Roberts, O. J.; Scotton, L.; Veres, P.; von Kienlin, A.; Wilson-Hodge, C. A.; Wood, J.; & Fermi GBM Collaboration

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES   Vol. 277 ( 1 ) page: 24   2025.3

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ada272

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  33. Enhanced vascular contraction induced by exposure to angiotensin II mediated by endothelin-1 biosynthesis following PKCβ activation. Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Tajima H, Morikita N, Mukohda M, Nakamura S, Seki M, Imai R, Saito F, Mizuno R, Ozaki H

    American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology   Vol. 328 ( 3 ) page: H484 - H495   2025.3

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    DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00541.2024

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    PubMed

  34. Insights from the first flaring activity of a high synchrotron peaked blazar with X-ray polarization and VHE gamma rays Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe K., Abe S., Abhir J., Abhishek A., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Asano K., Babić A., Barres De Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Barrios-Jiménez L., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Bronzini E., Burelli I., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D'ammando F., D'amico G., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., De Menezes R., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Dinesh A., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsaesser D., Escudero J., Fariña L., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Gradetzke T., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Günther P., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera Llorente J., Hrupec D., Imazawa R., Israyelyan D., Itokawa T., Jiménez Martínez I., Jiménez Quiles J., Jormanainen J., Kankkunen S., Kayanoki T.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 695   2025.3

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Astronomy and Astrophysics  

    Context. Blazars exhibit strong variability across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, including periods of high-flux states commonly known as flares. The physical mechanisms in blazar jets responsible for flares remain poorly understood to date. Aims. Our aim is to better understand the emission mechanisms during blazar flares using X-ray polarimetry and broadband observations from the archetypical TeV blazar Mrk 421, which can be studied with higher accuracy than other blazars that are dimmer and/or located farther away. Methods. We studied a flaring activity from December 2023 that was characterized from radio to very high-energy (VHE; E > 0.1 TeV) gamma rays with MAGIC, Fermi-LAT, Swift, XMM-Newton, and several optical and radio telescopes. These observations included, for the first time for a gamma-ray flare of a blazar, simultaneous X-ray polarization measurements with IXPE, in addition to optical and radio polarimetry data. We quantify the variability and correlations among the multi-band flux and polarization measurements, and describe the varying broadband emission within a theoretical scenario constrained by the polarization data. Results. We find substantial variability in both X-rays and VHE gamma rays throughout the campaign, with the highest VHE flux above 0.2 TeV occurring during the IXPE observing window, and exceeding twice the flux of the Crab Nebula. However, the VHE and X-ray spectra are on average softer, and the correlation between these two bands is weaker than those reported in the previous flares of Mrk 421. IXPE reveals an X-ray polarization degree significantly higher than that at radio and optical frequencies, similar to previous results for Mrk 421 and other high synchrotron peaked blazars. Differently to past observations, the X-ray polarization angle varies by ∼100 on timescales of days, and the polarization degree changes by more than a factor of 4. The highest X-ray polarization degree, analyzed in 12 h time intervals, reaches 26 ± 2%, around which an X-ray counter-clockwise hysteresis loop is measured with XMM-Newton. It suggests that the X-ray emission comes from particles close to the high-energy cutoff, hence possibly probing an extreme case of the Turbulent Extreme Multi-Zone model for which the chromatic trend in the polarization may be more pronounced than theoretically predicted. We model the broadband emission with a simplified stratified jet model throughout the flare. The polarization measurements imply an electron distribution in the X-ray emitting region with a very high minimum Lorentz factor (γ′<inf>min</inf> ≳ 10<sup>4</sup>), which is expected in electron-ion plasma, as well as a variation of the emitting region size of up to a factor of 3 during the flaring activity. We find no correlation between the fluxes and the evolution of the model parameters, which indicates a stochastic nature of the underlying physical mechanism that likely explains the lack of a tight X-ray/VHE correlation during this flaring activity. Such behavior would be expected in a highly turbulent electron-ion plasma crossing a shock front.

    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202452785

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  35. Characterization of Markarian 421 during its most violent year: Multiwavelength variability and correlations Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe K., Abe S., Abhir J., Abhishek A., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Asano K., Baack D., Babiäa A., Barres De Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkoviäa I., Bautista A., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Bronzini E., Burelli I., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cifuentes A., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’ amico G., D’ ammando F., D’ elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., De Menezes R., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsaesser D., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinoviäa N., Gradetzke T., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Günther P., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera Llorente J., Hrupec D., Imazawa R., Ishio K., Jiménez Martínez I., Jormanainen J., Kankkunen S., Kayanoki T., Kerszberg D.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 694   2025.2

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    Aims. Mrk 421 was in its most active state around early 2010, which led to the highest TeV gamma-ray flux ever recorded from any active galactic nuclei (AGN).We aim to characterize the multiwavelength behavior during this exceptional year for Mrk 421, and evaluate whether it is consistent with the picture derived with data from other less exceptional years. Methods. We investigated the period from November 5, 2009, (MJD 55140) until July 3, 2010, (MJD 55380) with extensive coverage from very-high-energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma rays to radio with MAGIC, VERITAS, Fermi-LAT, RXTE, Swift, GASP-WEBT, VLBA, and a variety of additional optical and radio telescopes. We characterized the variability by deriving fractional variabilities as well as power spectral densities (PSDs). In addition, we investigated images of the jet taken with VLBA and the correlation behavior among di_erent energy bands. Results. Mrk 421 was in widely di_erent states of activity throughout the campaign, ranging from a low-emission state to its highest VHE flux ever recorded. We find the strongest variability in X-rays and VHE gamma rays, and PSDs compatible with power-law functions with indices around 1.5. We observe strong correlations between X-rays and VHE gamma rays at zero time lag with varying characteristics depending on the exact energy band. We also report a marginally significant (_3_) positive correlation between high-energy (HE; E > 100 MeV) gamma rays and the ultraviolet band. We detected marginally significant (_3_) correlations between the HE and VHE gamma rays, and between HE gamma rays and the X-ray, that disappear when the large flare in February 2010 is excluded from the correlation study, hence indicating the exceptionality of this flaring event in comparison with the rest of the campaign. The 2010 violent activity of Mrk 421 also yielded the first ejection of features in the VLBA images of the jet of Mrk 421. Yet the large uncertainties in the ejection times of these unprecedented radio features prevent us from firmly associating them to the specific flares recorded during the 2010 campaign. We also show that the collected multi-instrument data are consistent with a scenario where the emission is dominated by two regions, a compact and extended zone, which could be considered as a simplified implementation of an energy-stratified jet as suggested by recent IXPE observations.

    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202451624

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  36. Time-dependent modelling of short-term variability in the TeV-blazar VER J0521+211 during the major flare in 2020 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    MAGIC Collaboration , Abe S., Abhir J., Abhishek A., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Barres De Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Bautista A., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Bronzini E., Burelli I., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cifuentes A., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D'Amico G., D'Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., De Menezes R., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsaesser D., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Gradetzke T., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Günther P., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera Llorente J., Hrupec D., Imazawa R., Ishio K., Jiménez Martínez I., Jormanainen J., Kankkunen S., Kayanoki T., Kerszberg D.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 694   2025.2

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    Self-repairing graphite protective layer has been discovered as a suitable protective layer in blast furnace (BF) hearth in recent years. In the current study, actual samples of self-repairing graphite protective layer taken from a commercial BF were analyzed in detail. The results revealed that the hot face of graphite protective layer exhibits a distinct white graphite luster, with large areas of graphite adhering to the surface. Along the direction of its formation, the sample displays a striped pattern with alternating layers. The graphite is strip-shaped, it is relatively coarse and unevenly distributed. The coarse graphite runs in the same direction, unlike graphite in molten iron which has no fixed direction in a chaotic state. The formation process of selfrepairing graphite protective layer can be concluded, graphite precipitates at the interface through heterogeneous nucleation. Crystal nuclei often preferentially adhere to the surface of these impurities to form, owing to the fact that the nucleation energy of heterogeneous nucleation is lower than that of homogeneous nucleation. Titanium is discovered during the observation of microscopic morphology of graphite protective layer, graphite protective layer is more robust due to the strengthening effect of titanium. Titanium strengthening mechanism of self-repairing graphite protective layer is summarized, the strengthening mechanism can be divided into four steps. TiC particles are dispersed around graphite, which reduces the difficulty of the orientation of flake graphite growth. The presence of TiC increases the growth rate of crystals. The four steps are cyclically performed, so the self-repairing graphite protective layer can precipitate layer by layer through titanium strengthening mechanism, which serves to protect the carbon brick in BF hearth.

    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202451378

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  37. Cosmic-ray acceleration and escape from supernova remnant W44 as probed by Fermi -LAT and MAGIC Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe S., Abhir J., Abhishek A., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Asano K., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres De Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Bautista A., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak Z., Bronzini E., Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D'amico G., D'elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., De Menezes R., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Di Pierro F., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Gozzini S.R., Gradetzke T., Grau R., Green J.G., Günther P., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera J., Hrupec D., Hütten M., Imazawa R., Ishio K., Jiménez Martínez I., Jormanainen J., Kayanoki T., Kerszberg D., Kluge G.W., Kobayashi Y.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 693   2025.1

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    Context. The supernova remnant (SNR) W44 and its surroundings are a prime target for studying the acceleration of cosmic rays (CRs). Several previous studies established an extended gamma-ray emission that is set apart from the radio shell of W44. This emission is thought to originate from escaped high-energy CRs that interact with a surrounding dense molecular cloud complex. Aims. We present a detailed analysis of Fermi-LAT data with an emphasis on the spatial and spectral properties of W44 and its surroundings. We also report the results of the observations performed with the MAGIC telescopes of the northwestern region of W44. Finally, we present an interpretation model to explain the gamma-ray emission of the SNR and its surroundings. Methods. We first performed a detailed spatial analysis of 12 years of Fermi-LAT data at energies above 1 GeV, in order to exploit the better angular resolution, while we set a threshold of 100 MeV for the spectral analysis. We performed a likelihood analysis of 174 hours of MAGIC data above 130 GeV using the spatial information obtained with Fermi-LAT. Results. The combined spectra of Fermi-LAT and MAGIC, extending from 100 MeV to several TeV, were used to derive constraints on the escape of CRs. Using a time-dependent model to describe the particle acceleration and escape from the SNR, we show that the maximum energy of the accelerated particles has to be '40 GeV. However, our gamma-ray data suggest that a small number of lower-energy particles also needs to escape. We propose a novel model, the broken-shock scenario, to account for this effect and explain the gamma-ray emission.

    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202449748

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  38. Event reconstruction using pattern spectra and convolutional neural networks for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Wilkinson M.H.F., Peletier R.F., Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Agudo I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Aschersleben J., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P., Barbier C., Barbosa Martins V., Barcelo M., Barkov M., Barnard M., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Batista P.I., Batkovic I., Bauer C., Bautista-González R., Baxter J., Becciani U., Becerra González J., Becherini Y., Beck G., Becker Tjus J., Bednarek W., Belfiore A., Bellizzi L., Belmont R., Benbow W., Berge D., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 417   2024.12

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    The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the future observatory for ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Each telescope will provide a snapshot of gamma-ray induced particle showers by capturing the induced Cherenkov emission at ground level. The simulation of such events provides camera images that can be used as training data for convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to differentiate signals from background events and to determine the energy of the initial gamma-ray events. Pattern spectra are commonly used tools for image classification and provide the distributions of the sizes and shapes of features comprising an image. The application of pattern spectra on a CNN allows the selection of relevant combinations of features within an image. In this work, we generate pattern spectra from simulated gamma-ray images to train a CNN for signal-background separation and energy reconstruction for CTA. We compare our results to a CNN trained with CTA images and find that the pattern spectra-based analysis is computationally less expensive but not competitive with the purely CTA images-based analysis. Thus, we conclude that the CNN must rely on additional features in the CTA images not captured by the pattern spectra.

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  39. Periodic Gamma-Ray Modulation of the Blazar PG 1553+113 Confirmed by Fermi-LAT and Multiwavelength Observations Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abdollahi, S.; Baldini, L.; Barbiellini, G.; Bellazzini, R.; Berenji, B.; Bissaldi, E.; Blandford, R. D.; Bonino, R.; Bruel, P.; Buson, S.; Cameron, R. A.; Caraveo, P. A.; Casaburo, F.; Cavazzuti, E.; Cheung, C. C.; Chiaro, G.; Ciprini, S.; Cozzolongo, G.; Cristarella Orestano, P.; Cutini, S.; D'Ammando, F.; Di Lalla, N.; Dirirsa, F.; Di Venere, L.; Domínguez, A.; Fegan, S. J.; Ferrara, E. C.; Fiori, A.; Fukazawa, Y.; Funk, S.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Garrappa, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Germani, S.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Giroletti, M.; Green, D.; Grenier, I. A.; Guiriec, S.; Hays, E.; Horan, D.; Kuss, M.; Larsson, S.; Laurenti, M.; Li, J.; Liodakis, I.; Longo, F.; Loparco, F.; Lott, B.; Lovellette, M. N.; Lubrano, P.; Maldera, S.; Malyshev, D.; Manfreda, A.; Marcotulli, L.; Martí-Devesa, G.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Mereu, I.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Mizuno, T.; Monzani, M. E.; Morselli, A.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Negro, M.; Omodei, N.; Orienti, M.; Orlando, E.; Ormes, J. F.; Paneque, D.; Perri, M.; Persic, M.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Porter, T. A.; Principe, G.; Rainò, S.; Rando, R.; Rani, B.; Razzano, M.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Saz Parkinson, P. M.; Scotton, L.; Serini, D.; Sesana, A.; Sgrò, C.; Siskind, E. J.; Spandre, G.; Spinelli, P.; Suson, D. J.; Tajima, H.; Takahashi, M. N.; Tak, D.; Thayer, J. B.; Thompson, D. J.; Torres, D. F.; Valverde, J.; Verrecchia, F.; & Zaharijas, G.

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL   Vol. 976 ( 2 ) page: 203   2024.12

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad64c5

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  40. Constraints on VHE gamma-ray emission of flat spectrum radio quasars with the MAGIC telescopes Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe, S.; Abhir, J.; Abhishek, A.; Acciari, V. A.; Aguasca-Cabot, A.; Agudo, I.; Aniello, T.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.; Arbet Engels, A.; Arcaro, C.; Artero, M.; Asano, K.; Babić, A.; Baquero, A.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Batković, I.; Bautista, A.; Baxter, J.; Becerra González, J.; Bednarek, W.; Bernardini, E.; Bernete, J.; Berti, A.; Besenrieder, J.; Bigongiari, C.; Biland, A.; Blanch, O.; Bonnoli, G.; Bošnjak, Ž.; Bronzini, E.; Burelli, I.; Busetto, G.; Campoy-Ordaz, A.; Carosi, A.; Carosi, R.; Carretero-Castrillo, M.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Cerasole, D.; Ceribella, G.; Chai, Y.; Cifuentes, A.; Colombo, E.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Covino, S.; D'Amico, G.; D'Ammando, F.; D'Elia, V.; Da Vela, P.; Dazzi, F.; De Angelis, A.; De Lotto, B.; de Menezes, R.; Del Popolo, A.; Delfino, M.; Delgado, J.; Delgado Mendez, C.; Di Pierro, F.; Di Tria, R.; Di Venere, L.; Dominis Prester, D.; Donini, A.; Dorner, D.; Doro, M.; Elsaesser, D.; Emery, G.; Escudero, J.; Fariña, L.; Fattorini, A.; Foffano, L.; Font, L.; Fröse, S.; Fukami, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; García López, R. J.; Garczarczyk, M.; Gasparyan, S.; Gaug, M.; Giesbrecht Paiva, J. G.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Gliwny, P.; Godinović, N.; Gradetzke, T.; Grau, R.; Green, D.; Green, J. G.; Günther, P.; Hadasch, D.; Hahn, A.; Hassan, T.; Heckmann, L.; Herrera, J.; Hrupec, D.; Hütten, M.; Imazawa, R.; Ishio, K.; Jiménez Martínez, I.; Jormanainen, J.; Kayanoki, T.; Kerszberg, D.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kouch, P. M.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; Láinez, M.; Lamastra, A.; Leone, F.; Lindfors, E.; Linhoff, L.; Lombardi, S.; Longo, F.; López-Coto, R.; López-Moya, M.; López-Oramas, A.; Loporchio, S.; Lorini, A.; Lyard, E.; Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B.; Majumdar, P.; Makariev, M.; Maneva, G.; Mang, N.; Manganaro, M.; Mangano, S.; Mannheim, K.; Mariotti, M.; Martínez, M.; Martínez-Chicharro, M.; Mas-Aguilar, A.; Mazin, D.; Menchiari, S.; Mender, S.; Miceli, D.; Miener, T.; Miranda, J. M.; Mirzoyan, R.; Molero González, M.; Molina, E.; Mondal, H. A.; Moralejo, A.; Morcuende, D.; Nakamori, T.; Nanci, C.; Neustroev, V.; Nickel, L.; Nievas Rosillo, M.; Nigro, C.; Nikolić, L.; Nilsson, K.; Nishijima, K.; Njoh Ekoume, T.; Noda, K.; Nozaki, S.; Ohtani, Y.; Okumura, A.; Otero-Santos, J.; Paiano, S.; Palatiello, M.; Paneque, D.; Paoletti, R.; Paredes, J. M.; Peresano, M.; Persic, M.; Pihet, M.; Pirola, G.; Podobnik, F.; Prada Moroni, P. G.; Prandini, E.; Principe, G.; Priyadarshi, C.; Rhode, W.; Ribó, M.; Rico, J.; Righi, C.; Sahakyan, N.; Saito, T.; Satalecka, K.; Saturni, F. G.; Schleicher, B.; Schmidt, K.; Schmuckermaier, F.; Schubert, J. L.; Schweizer, T.; Sciaccaluga, A.; Silvestri, G.; Sitarek, J.; Sliusar, V.; Sobczynska, D.; Spolon, A.; Stamerra, A.; Strišković, J.; Strom, D.; Strzys, M.; Suda, Y.; Suutarinen, S.; Tajima, H.; & Takahashi, M.

    Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society   Vol. 535 ( 2 ) page: 1484 - 1506   2024.12

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    DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stae2313

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  41. Broadband multi-wavelength properties of M87 during the 2018 EHT campaign including a very high energy flaring episode Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Algaba J.C., Baloković M., Chandra S., Cheong W.Y., Cui Y.Z., D'Ammando F., Falcone A.D., Ford N.M., Giroletti M., Goddi C., Gurwell M.A., Hada K., Haggard D., Jorstad S., Kaur A., Kawashima T., Kerby S., Kim J.Y., Kino M., Kravchenko E.V., Lee S.S., Lu R.S., Markoff S., Michail J., Neilsen J., Nowak M.A., Principe G., Ramakrishnan V., Ripperda B., Sasada M., Savchenko S.S., Sheridan C., Akiyama K., Alberdi A., Alef W., Anantua R., Asada K., Azulay R., Bach U., Baczko A.K., Ball D., Bandyopadhyay B., Barrett J., Bauböck M., Benson B.A., Bintley D., Lackburn L., Blundell R., Bouman K.L., Bower G.C., Boyce H., Bremer M., Brissenden R., Britzen S., Broderick A.E., Broguiere D., Bronzwaer T., Bustamante S., Carlstrom J.E., Chael A., Chan C.K., Chang D.O., Chatterjee K., Chatterjee S., Chen M.T., Chen Y., Cheng X., Cho I., Christian P., Conroy N.S., Conway J.E., Crawford T.M., Crew G.B., Cruz-Osorio A., Dahale R., Davelaar J., De Laurentis M., Deane R., Dempsey J., Desvignes G., Dexter J., Dhruv V., Dihingia I.K., Doeleman S.S., Dzib S.A., Eatough R.P., Emami R., Falcke H., Farah J., Fish V.L., Fomalont E., Ford H.A., Foschi M., Fraga-Encinas R., Freeman W.T., Friberg P., Fromm C.M., Fuentes A., Galison P., Gammie C.F.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 692   2024.12

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    Context. The nearby elliptical galaxy M87 contains one of only two supermassive black holes whose emission surrounding the event horizon has been imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). In 2018, more than two dozen multi-wavelength (MWL) facilities (from radio to γ-ray energies) took part in the second M87 EHT campaign. Aims. The goal of this extensive MWL campaign was to better understand the physics of the accreting black hole M87∗, the relationship between the inflow and inner jets, and the high-energy particle acceleration. Understanding the complex astrophysics is also a necessary first step towards performing further tests of general relativity. Methods. The MWL campaign took place in April 2018, overlapping with the EHT M87∗ observations. We present a new, contemporaneous spectral energy distribution (SED) ranging from radio to very high-energy (VHE) γ-rays as well as details of the individual observations and light curves. We also conducted phenomenological modelling to investigate the basic source properties. Results. We present the first VHE γ-ray flare from M87 detected since 2010. The flux above 350 GeV more than doubled within a period of ≈36 hours.We find that the X-ray flux is enhanced by about a factor of two compared to 2017, while the radio and millimetre core fluxes are consistent between 2017 and 2018. We detect evidence for a monotonically increasing jet position angle that corresponds to variations in the bright spot of the EHT image. Conclusions. Our results show the value of continued MWL monitoring together with precision imaging for addressing the origins of high-energy particle acceleration. While we cannot currently pinpoint the precise location where such acceleration takes place, the new VHE γ-ray flare already presents a challenge to simple one-zone leptonic emission model approaches, and it emphasises the need for combined image and spectral modelling.

    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202450497

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  42. CTC and CT5TEA: An advanced multi-channel digitizer and trigger ASIC for imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Schwab, B.; Zink, A.; Varner, G.; Depaoli, D.; Hinton, J.; Liu, G.; Okumura, A.; Ross, D.; Sch√§fer, J.; Schoorlemmer, H.; Tajima, H.; Vandenbroucke, J.; White, R.; Watson, J. J.; Zorn, J.; & Funk, S.

    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment   Vol. 1069   page: 169841   2024.12

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2024.169841

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  43. A new method of reconstructing images of gamma-ray telescopes applied to the LST-1 of CTAO Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe, K.; Abe, S.; Abhishek, A.; Acero, F.; Aguasca-Cabot, A.; Agudo, I.; Alispach, C.; Alvarez Crespo, N.; Ambrosino, D.; Antonelli, L. A.; Aramo, C.; Arbet-Engels, A.; Arcaro, C.; Asano, K.; Aubert, P.; Baktash, A.; Balbo, M.; Bamba, A.; Baquero Larriva, A.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Barrios Jiménez, L.; Batkovic, I.; Baxter, J.; Becerra González, J.; Bernardini, E.; Bernete Medrano, J.; Berti, A.; Bezshyiko, I.; Bhattacharjee, P.; Bigongiari, C.; Bissaldi, E.; Blanch, O.; Bonnoli, G.; Bordas, P.; Borkowski, G.; Brunelli, G.; Bulgarelli, A.; Burelli, I.; Burmistrov, L.; Buscemi, M.; Cardillo, M.; Caroff, S.; Carosi, A.; Carrasco, M. S.; Cassol, F.; Castrejón, N.; Cauz, D.; Cerasole, D.; Ceribella, G.; Chai, Y.; Cheng, K.; Chiavassa, A.; Chikawa, M.; Chon, G.; Chytka, L.; Cicciari, G. M.; Cifuentes, A.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Costantini, H.; Da Vela, P.; Dalchenko, M.; Dazzi, F.; De Angelis, A.; de Bony de Lavergne, M.; De Lotto, B.; de Menezes, R.; Del Burgo, R.; Del Peral, L.; Delgado, C.; Delgado Mengual, J.; della Volpe, D.; Dellaiera, M.; Di Piano, A.; Di Pierro, F.; Di Tria, R.; Di Venere, L.; Díaz, C.; Dominik, R. M.; Dominis Prester, D.; Donini, A.; Dorner, D.; Doro, M.; Eisenberger, L.; Elsässer, D.; Emery, G.; Escudero, J.; Fallah Ramazani, V.; Ferrarotto, F.; Fiasson, A.; Foffano, L.; Freixas Coromina, L.; Fröse, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; Garcia López, R.; Gasbarra, C.; Gasparrini, D.; Geyer, D.; Giesbrecht Paiva, J.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Gliwny, P.; Godinovic, N.; Grau, R.; Green, D.; Green, J.; Gunji, S.; Günther, P.; Hackfeld, J.; Hadasch, D.; Hahn, A.; Hassan, T.; Hayashi, K.; Heckmann, L.; Heller, M.; Herrera Llorente, J.; Hirotani, K.; Hoffmann, D.; Horns, D.; Houles, J.; Hrabovsky, M.; Hrupec, D.; Hui, D.; Iarlori, M.; Imazawa, R.; Inada, T.; Inome, Y.; Inoue, S.; Ioka, K.; Iori, M.; Iuliano, A.; Jimenez Martinez, I.; Jimenez Quiles, J.; Jurysek, J.; Kagaya, M.; Kalashev, O.; Karas, V.; Katagiri, H.; Kataoka, J.; Kerszberg, D.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kohri, K.; Kong, A.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; Lainez, M.; Lamanna, G.; Lamastra, A.; Lemoigne, L.; Linhoff, M.; Longo, F.; López-Coto, R.; López-Oramas, A.; Loporchio, S.; Lorini, A.; Lozano Bahilo, J.; Luciani, H.; Luque-Escamilla, P. L.; Majumdar, P.; Makariev, M.; Mallamaci, M.; Mandat, D.; Manganaro, M.; Manicò, G.; Mannheim, K.; Marchesi, S.; Mariotti, M.; Marquez, P.; Marsella, G.; Martí, J.; Martinez, O.; Martínez, G.; Martínez, M.; Mas-Aguilar, A.; Maurin, G.; Mazin, D.; Méndez-Gallego, J.; Mestre Guillen, E.; Micanovic, S.; Miceli, D.; Miener, T.; Miranda, J. M.; Mirzoyan, R.; Mizuno, T.; Molero Gonzalez, M.; Molina, E.; Montaruli, T.; Moralejo, A.; Morcuende, D.; Morselli, A.; Moya, V.; Muraishi, H.; Nagataki, S.; Nakamori, T.; Neronov, A.; Nickel, L.; Nievas Rosillo, M.; Nikolic, L.; & Nishijima, K.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 691   page: A328   2024.11

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    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202450889

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  44. Standardised formats and open-source analysis tools for the MAGIC telescopes data Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe, S.; Abhir, J.; Abhishek, A.; Acciari, V. A.; Aguasca-Cabot, A.; Agudo, I.; Aniello, T.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.; Arbet Engels, A.; Arcaro, C.; Artero, M.; Asano, K.; Babić, A.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Batković, I.; Bautista, A.; Baxter, J.; Becerra González, J.; Bednarek, W.; Bernardini, E.; Bernete, J.; Berti, A.; Besenrieder, J.; Bigongiari, C.; Biland, A.; Blanch, O.; Bonnoli, G.; Bošnjak, Ž.; Bronzini, E.; Burelli, I.; Busetto, G.; Campoy-Ordaz, A.; Carosi, A.; Carosi, R.; Carretero-Castrillo, M.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Cerasole, D.; Ceribella, G.; Chai, Y.; Cifuentes, A.; Colombo, E.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Covino, S.; D'Amico, G.; D'Elia, V.; Da Vela, P.; Dazzi, F.; De Angelis, A.; De Lotto, B.; de Menezes, R.; Delfino, M.; Delgado, J.; Di Pierro, F.; Di Tria, R.; Di Venere, L.; Dominis Prester, D.; Donini, A.; Dorner, D.; Doro, M.; Elsaesser, D.; Escudero, J.; Fariña, L.; Fattorini, A.; Foffano, L.; Font, L.; Fröse, S.; Fukami, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; García López, R. J.; Garczarczyk, M.; Gasparyan, S.; Gaug, M.; Giesbrecht Paiva, J. G.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Gliwny, P.; Gradetzke, T.; Grau, R.; Green, D.; Green, J. G.; Günther, P.; Hadasch, D.; Hahn, A.; Hassan, T.; Heckmann, L.; Herrera Llorente, J.; Hrupec, D.; Hütten, M.; Imazawa, R.; Ishio, K.; Jiménez Martínez, I.; Jormanainen, J.; Kayanoki, T.; Kerszberg, D.; Kluge, G. W.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kouch, P. M.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; Láinez, M.; Lamastra, A.; Leone, F.; Lindfors, E.; Lombardi, S.; Longo, F.; López-Coto, R.; López-Moya, M.; López-Oramas, A.; Loporchio, S.; Lorini, A.; Lyard, E.; Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B.; Majumdar, P.; Makariev, M.; Maneva, G.; Manganaro, M.; Mangano, S.; Mannheim, K.; Mariotti, M.; Martínez, M.; Martínez-Chicharro, M.; Mas-Aguilar, A.; Mazin, D.; Menchiari, S.; Mender, S.; Miceli, D.; Miener, T.; Miranda, J. M.; Mirzoyan, R.; Molero González, M.; Molina, E.; Mondal, H. A.; Moralejo, A.; Morcuende, D.; Nakamori, T.; Nanci, C.; Neustroev, V.; Nickel, L.; Nievas Rosillo, M.; Nigro, C.; Nikolić, L.; Nishijima, K.; Njoh Ekoume, T.; Noda, K.; Nozaki, S.; Ohtani, Y.; Okumura, A.; Otero-Santos, J.; Paiano, S.; Paneque, D.; Paoletti, R.; Paredes, J. M.; Peresano, M.; Persic, M.; Pihet, M.; Pirola, G.; Podobnik, F.; Prada Moroni, P. G.; Prandini, E.; Principe, G.; Priyadarshi, C.; Rhode, W.; Ribó, M.; Rico, J.; Righi, C.; Sahakyan, N.; Saito, T.; Saturni, F. G.; Schmidt, K.; Schmuckermaier, F.; Schubert, J. L.; Schweizer, T.; Sciaccaluga, A.; Silvestri, G.; Sitarek, J.; Sliusar, V.; Sobczynska, D.; Spolon, A.; Stamerra, A.; Strišković, J.; Strom, D.; Strzys, M.; Suda, Y.; Suutarinen, S.; Tajima, H.; Takahashi, M.; Takeishi, R.; Temnikov, P.; Terauchi, K.; Terzić, T.; Teshima, M.; Truzzi, S.; Tutone, A.; Ubach, S.; van Scherpenberg, J.; Vazquez Acosta, M.; & Ventura, S.

    Journal of High Energy Astrophysics   Vol. 44   page: 266 - 278   2024.11

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.jheap.2024.09.011

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  45. Performance evaluation of the high-voltage CMOS active pixel sensor AstroPix for gamma-ray space telescopes Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Suda, Yusuke, Caputo, Regina, Steinhebel, Amanda L.; Striebig, Nicolas, Jadhav, Manoj, Fukazawa, Yasushi, Hashizume, Masaki, Kierans, Carolyn, Leys, Richard, Metcalfe, Jessica, Negro, Michela, Perić, Ivan, Perkins, Jeremy S.; Shin, Taylor, Tajima, Hiroyasu, Violette, Daniel, & Nakano, Norito

    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment   Vol. 1068   page: 169762   2024.11

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2024.169762

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  46. A detailed study of the very high-energy Crab pulsar emission with the LST-1 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe, K.; Abe, S.; Abhishek, A.; Acero, F.; Aguasca-Cabot, A.; Agudo, I.; Alvarez Crespo, N.; Antonelli, L. A.; Aramo, C.; Arbet-Engels, A.; Arcaro, C.; Artero, M.; Asano, K.; Aubert, P.; Baktash, A.; Bamba, A.; Baquero Larriva, A.; Baroncelli, L.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Batkovic, I.; Baxter, J.; Becerra Gonzáilez, J.; Bernardini, E.; Bernete Medrano, J.; Berti, A.; Bhattacharjee, P.; Bigongiari, C.; Bissaldi, E.; Blanch, O.; Bonnoli, G.; Bordas, P.; Brunelli, G.; Bulgarelli, A.; Burelli, I.; Burmistrov, L.; Buscemi, M.; Cardillo, M.; Caroff, S.; Carosi, A.; Carrasco, M. S.; Cassol, F.; Castrejón, N.; Cauz, D.; Cerasole, D.; Ceribella, G.; Chai, Y.; Cheng, K.; Chiavassa, A.; Chikawa, M.; Chon, G.; Chytka, L.; Cicciari, G. M.; Cifuentes, A.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Costantini, H.; Da Vela, P.; Dalchenko, M.; Dazzi, F.; De Angelis, A.; de Bony de Lavergne, M.; De Lotto, B.; de Menezes, R.; Del Peral, L.; Delgado, C.; Delgado Mengual, J.; della Volpe, D.; Dellaiera, M.; Di Piano, A.; Di Pierro, F.; Di Tria, R.; Di Venere, L.; Díaz, C.; Dominik, R. M.; Dominis Prester, D.; Donini, A.; Dorner, D.; Doro, M.; Eisenberger, L.; Elsässer, D.; Emery, G.; Escudero, J.; Fallah Ramazani, V.; Ferrarotto, F.; Fiasson, A.; Foffano, L.; Freixas Coromina, L.; Fröse, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; Garcia López, R.; Gasbarra, C.; Gasparrini, D.; Gavira, L.; Geyer, D.; Giesbrecht Paiva, J.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Gliwny, P.; Godinovic, N.; Grau, R.; Green, D.; Green, J.; Gunji, S.; Günther, P.; Hackfeld, J.; Hadasch, D.; Hahn, A.; Hassan, T.; Hayashi, K.; Heckmann, L.; Heller, M.; Herrera Llorente, J.; Hirotani, K.; Hoffmann, D.; Horns, D.; Houles, J.; Hrabovsky, M.; Hrupec, D.; Hui, D.; Iarlori, M.; Imazawa, R.; Inada, T.; Inome, Y.; Ioka, K.; Iori, M.; Jimenez Martinez, I.; Jiménez Quiles, J.; Jurysek, J.; Kagaya, M.; Karas, V.; Katagiri, H.; Kataoka, J.; Kerszberg, D.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kohri, K.; Kong, A.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; Lainez, M.; Lamanna, G.; Lamastra, A.; Lemoigne, L.; Linhoff, M.; Longo, F.; López-Coto, R.; López-Moya, M.; López-Oramas, A.; Loporchio, S.; Lorini, A.; Lozano Bahilo, J.; Luque-Escamilla, P. L.; Majumdar, P.; Makariev, M.; Mallamaci, M.; Mandat, D.; Manganaro, M.; Manicò, G.; Mannheim, K.; Marchesi, S.; Mariotti, M.; Marquez, P.; Marsella, G.; Martí, J.; Martinez, O.; Martínez, G.; Martínez, M.; Mas-Aguilar, A.; Maurin, G.; Mazin, D.; Mestre Guillen, E.; Micanovic, S.; Miceli, D.; Miener, T.; Miranda, J. M.; Mirzoyan, R.; Mizuno, T.; Molero Gonzalez, M.; Molina, E.; Montaruli, T.; Moralejo, A.; Morcuende, D.; Morselli, A.; Moya, V.; Muraishi, H.; Nagataki, S.; Nakamori, T.; Neronov, A.; Nickel, L.; Nievas Rosillo, M.; Nikolic, L.; Nishijima, K.; Noda, K.; Nosek, D.; Novotny, V.; Nozaki, S.; Ohishi, M.; Ohtani, Y.; Oka, T.; & Okumura, A.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 690   page: A167   2024.10

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    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202450059

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  47. Prospects for a survey of the galactic plane with the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe, S.; Abhir, J.; Abhishek, A.; Acero, F.; Acharyya, A.; Adam, R.; Aguasca-Cabot, A.; Agudo, I.; Aguirre-Santaella, A.; Alfaro, J.; Alvarez-Crespo, N.; Alves Batista, R.; Amans, J. -P.; Amato, E.; Ambrosi, G.; Ambrosino, F.; Angüner, E. O.; Aramo, C.; Arcaro, C.; Arrabito, L.; Asano, K.; Ascasíbar, Y.; Aschersleben, J.; Augusto Stuani, L.; Backes, M.; Balazs, C.; Balbo, M.; Ballet, J.; Baquero Larriva, A.; Barbosa Martins, V.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Batković, I.; Batzofin, R.; Baxter, J.; Becerra González, J.; Beck, G.; Beiske, L.; Belmont, R.; Benbow, W.; Bernardini, E.; Bernete, J.; Bernlöhr, K.; Berti, A.; Bertucci, B.; Beshley, V.; Bhattacharjee, P.; Bhattacharyya, S.; Bi, B.; Biederbeck, N.; Biland, A.; Bissaldi, E.; Biteau, J.; Blanch, O.; Blazek, J.; Bocchino, F.; Boisson, C.; Bolmont, J.; Bonneau Arbeletche, L.; Bonnoli, G.; Bonollo, A.; Bordas, P.; Bosnjak, Z.; Bottacini, E.; Braiding, C.; Bronzini, E.; Brose, R.; Brown, A. M.; Brun, F.; Brunelli, G.; Bucciantini, N.; Bulgarelli, A.; Burelli, I.; Burmistrov, L.; Burton, M.; Burtovoi, A.; Bylund, T.; Calisse, P. G.; Campoy-Ordaz, A.; Cantlay, B. K.; Caproni, A.; Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R.; Caraveo, P.; Caroff, S.; Carosi, A.; Carosi, R.; Carquin, E.; Carrasco, M. -S.; Cascone, E.; Cassol, F.; Castrejon, N.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Cerasole, D.; Cerruti, M.; Chadwick, P. M.; Chambery, P.; Chaty, S.; Chen, A. W.; Chernyakova, M.; Chiavassa, A.; Chytka, L.; Cifuentes, A.; Coimbra Araujo, C. H.; Conforti, V.; Conte, F.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Costa, A.; Costantini, H.; Cotter, G.; Crestan, S.; Cristofari, P.; Cuevas, O.; Curtis-Ginsberg, Z.; D'Aì, A.; D'Amico, G.; D'Ammando, F.; Dadina, M.; Dalchenko, M.; David, L.; Dazzi, F.; de Bony de Lavergne, M.; De Caprio, V.; De Frondat Laadim, F.; de Gouveia Dal Pino, E. M.; De Lotto, B.; De Lucia, M.; de Martino, D.; de Menezes, R.; de Naurois, M.; de Ona Wilhelmi, E.; de Souza, V.; del Peral, L.; Delgado Giler, A. G.; Delgado, C.; Dell'aiera, M.; Della Valle, M.; della Volpe, D.; Depaoli, D.; Di Girolamo, T.; Di Piano, A.; Di Pierro, F.; Di Tria, R.; Di Venere, L.; Díaz, C.; Diebold, S.; Dinesh, A.; Djannati-Ataï, A.; Djuvsland, J.; Domínguez, A.; Dominik, R. M.; Donini, A.; Dörner, J.; Doro, M.; dos Anjos, R. D. C.; Dournaux, J. -L.; Duangchan, C.; Dubos, C.; Dubus, G.; Duffy, S.; Dumora, D.; Dwarkadas, V. V.; Ebr, J.; Eckner, C.; Egberts, K.; Einecke, S.; Elsässer, D.; Emery, G.; Errando, M.; Escanuela, C.; Escarate, P.; Escobar Godoy, M.; Escudero, J.; Esposito, P.; Evoli, C.; Falceta-Goncalves, D.; Fattorini, A.; Fegan, S.; Feijen, K.; Feng, Q.; Ferrand, G.; Ferrarotto, F.; Fiandrini, E.; Fiasson, A.; Filipovic, M.; Fioretti, V.; Fiori, M.; Flores, H.; Foffano, L.; Font Guiteras, L.; Fontaine, G.; Fröse, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; Fukui, Y.; Funk, S.; Furniss, A.; Gaggero, D.; Galanti, G.; Galaz, G.; & Gallant, Y. A.

    Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics   Vol. 2024 ( 10 ) page: 81   2024.10

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    DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2024/10/081

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  48. Prospects for gamma-ray observations of the Perseus galaxy cluster with the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe, K.; Abe, S.; Acero, F.; Acharyya, A.; Adam, R.; Aguasca-Cabot, A.; Agudo, I.; Aguirre-Santaella, A.; Alfaro, J.; Alfaro, R.; Alvarez-Crespo, N.; Alves Batista, R.; Amans, J. -P.; Amato, E.; Angüner, E. O.; Antonelli, L. A.; Aramo, C.; Araya, M.; Arcaro, C.; Arrabito, L.; Asano, K.; Ascasíbar, Y.; Aschersleben, J.; Ashkar, H.; Augusto Stuani, L.; Baack, D.; Backes, M.; Baktash, A.; Balazs, C.; Balbo, M.; Ballester, O.; Baquero Larriva, A.; Barbosa Martins, V.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Batista, P. I.; Batkovic, I.; Batzofin, R.; Baxter, J.; Becerra González, J.; Beck, G.; Becker Tjus, J.; Benbow, W.; Bernete Medrano, J.; Bernlöhr, K.; Berti, A.; Bertucci, B.; Beshley, V.; Bhattacharjee, P.; Bhattacharyya, S.; Bi, B.; Biederbeck, N.; Biland, A.; Bissaldi, E.; Biteau, J.; Blanch, O.; Blazek, J.; Boisson, C.; Bolmont, J.; Bordas, P.; Bosnjak, Z.; Bottacini, E.; Bradascio, F.; Braiding, C.; Bronzini, E.; Brose, R.; Brown, A. M.; Brun, F.; Brunetti, G.; Bucciantini, N.; Bulgarelli, A.; Burelli, I.; Burmistrov, L.; Burton, M.; Bylund, T.; Calisse, P. G.; Campoy-Ordaz, A.; Cantlay, B. K.; Capalbi, M.; Caproni, A.; Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R.; Caraveo, P.; Caroff, S.; Carosi, R.; Carquin, E.; Carrasco, M. -S.; Cascone, E.; Cassol, F.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Cerasole, D.; Cerruti, M.; Chadwick, P.; Chaty, S.; Chen, A. W.; Chernyakova, M.; Chiavassa, A.; Chudoba, J.; Chytka, L.; Cifuentes, A.; Coimbra Araujo, C. H.; Conforti, V.; Conte, F.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Costa, A.; Costantini, H.; Cotter, G.; Cristofari, P.; Cuevas, O.; Curtis-Ginsberg, Z.; D'Amico, G.; D'Ammando, F.; Dalchenko, M.; Dazzi, F.; de Bony de Lavergne, M.; De Caprio, V.; De Frondat Laadim, F.; de Gouveia Dal Pino, E. M.; De Lotto, B.; De Lucia, M.; De Martino, D.; de Menezes, R.; de Naurois, M.; De Simone, N.; de Souza, V.; del Valle, M. V.; Delagnes, E.; Delgado Giler, A. G.; Delgado, C.; Dell'aiera, M.; della Volpe, D.; Depaoli, D.; Di Girolamo, T.; Di Piano, A.; Di Pierro, F.; Di Tria, R.; Di Venere, L.; Diebold, S.; Djannati-Ataï, A.; Djuvsland, J.; Dominik, R. M.; Donini, A.; Dorner, D.; Dörner, J.; Doro, M.; dos Anjos, R. D. C.; Dournaux, J. -L.; Duangchan, C.; Dubos, C.; Dumora, D.; Dwarkadas, V. V.; Ebr, J.; Eckner, C.; Egberts, K.; Einecke, S.; Elsässer, D.; Emery, G.; Escobar Godoy, M.; Escudero, J.; Esposito, P.; Ettori, S.; Evoli, C.; Falceta-Goncalves, D.; Fallah Ramazani, V.; Fattorini, A.; Faure, A.; Fedorova, E.; Fegan, S.; Feijen, K.; Feng, Q.; Ferrand, G.; Ferrarotto, F.; Fiandrini, E.; Fiasson, A.; Filipovic, M.; Fioretti, V.; Foffano, L.; Font Guiteras, L.; Fontaine, G.; Fröse, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; Fukui, Y.; Gaggero, D.; Galanti, G.; Gallozzi, S.; Gammaldi, V.; Garczarczyk, M.; Gasbarra, C.; Gasparrini, D.; Gaug, M.; Ghalumyan, A.; Gianotti, F.; Giarrusso, M.; Giesbrecht, J.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Glicenstein, J. -F.; Göksu, H.; Goldoni, P.; & González, J. M.

    Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics   Vol. 2024 ( 10 ) page: 4   2024.10

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    DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2024/10/004

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  49. A survey to evaluate diversity, equity and inclusion in large collaborations Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    van Scherpenberg J., Heckmann L., Strišković J., Berti A., Dorner D., Elsaesser D., Green J., Manganaro M., Satalecka K., Abe H., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M., Bernete J., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Doro M., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Herrera J., Hrupec D., Hütten M., Imazawa R.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    In 2020, the MAGIC collaboration started an initiative to improve diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) in the collaboration. One of the major actions undertaken by this initiative was a survey which was distributed among all MAGIC members with the goal of getting a clear picture of the status quo and to identify potential problems or opportunities concerning DEI related topics. Two surveys have since been performed - one in December 2020 and one in June 2022 - covering questions related to demographics, working conditions, recognition, harassment, bullying and discrimination. In this contribution, we present the questionnaire and strategy used to run these surveys. Additionally, we describe the impact the survey had within the collaboration and which actions have been taken as a direct consequence of the survey results.

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  50. Fermi-GBM Analysis of GRB 221009A Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Lesage S., Veres P., Briggs M.S., Goldstein A., Kocevski D., Burns E., Wilson-Hodge C.A., Bhat P.N., Huppenkothen D., Fryer C.L., Hamburg R., Racusin J., Bissaldi E., Cleveland W.H., Dalessi S., Fletcher C., Giles M.M., Hristov B.A., Hui C.M., Mailyan B., Malacaria C., Poolakkil S., Roberts O.J., von Kienlin A., Wood J., Ajello M., Arimoto M., Baldini L., Ballet J., Baring M.G., Bastieri D., Becerra Gonzalez J., Bellazzini R., Blandford R.D., Bonino R., Bruel P., Buson S., Cameron R.A., Caputo R., Caraveo P.A., Cavazzuti E., Chiaro G., Cibrario N., Ciprini S., Cristarella Orestano P., Crnogorcevic M., Cuoco A., Cutini S., D’Ammando F., De Gaetano S., Di Lalla N., Di Venere L., Domínguez A., Fegan S.J., Ferrara E.C., Fleischhack H., Fukazawa Y., Funk S., Fusco P., Galanti G., Gammaldi V., Gargano F., Gasbarra C., Gasparrini D., Germani S., Giacchino F., Giglietto N., Gill R., Giroletti M., Granot J., Green D., Grenier I.A., Guiriec S., Gustafsson M., Hays E., Hewitt J.W., Horan D., Hou X., Kuss M., Latronico L., Laviron A., Lemoine-Goumard M., Li J., Liodakis I., Longo F., Loparco F., Lorusso L., Lovellette M.N., Lubrano P., Maldera S., Manfreda A., Martí-Devesa G., Mazziotta M.N., McEnery J.E., Mereu I., Meyer M., Michelson P.F., Mizuno T., Monzani M.E.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    At 13:16:59.99 UT on October 9th, 2022, the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) triggered on gamma-ray burst (GRB) 221009A. This GRB has the highest fluence value GBM has ever detected. The light curve consists of two distinct emission episodes, a single isolated peak with a thermal spectra followed by a longer, extremely bright, multi-pulsed event with a non-thermal spectra. The two main peaks of the second event, from t<inf>0</inf>+218 to t<inf>0</inf>+276 seconds and t<inf>0</inf>+508 to t<inf>0</inf>+513 s, had such high photon rates they caused pulse-pile up effects in the GBM detectors. Afterglow emission is detectable in the GBM energy range out to t<inf>0</inf>+1467 seconds when the field of view was occulted by Earth. Here we present the key parts of our spectrotemporal analysis for the triggering pulse, prompt emission, and afterglow and the pulse pile-up corrected energetics for the this historically bright event.

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  51. Evidence of hadronic origin of the gamma-ray emission from the nova RS Oph by the MAGIC telescopes Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Green D.M., Ramazani V.F., Leone F., López-Coto R., López-Oramas A., Sitarek J., Abe H., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fallah Ramazani V., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera J., Hrupec D., Hütten M.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    RS Ophiuchi (RS Oph) is a symbiotic recurrent nova that shows eruptive events roughly every 15 years. On August 8th, 2021, RS Oph erupted with its latest outburst. This event was detected by a wide range of multi-wavelength (MWL) instruments from radio up to very-high-energy (VHE) gamma rays. The MAGIC telescopes followed up on optical and high-energy triggers and initiated an observation campaign from August 9th till September 1st. RS Oph is the first nova detected in the VHE gamma-ray energy range. We report on the detection of VHE gamma rays at a significant level of 13.2σ during the first 4 days of RS Oph with the MAGIC telescopes. We combine the VHE emission detected by MAGIC with optical and high energy observations and conclude RS Oph accelerated hadrons during its eruption. We will present the MWL modeling revealing this hadronic emission, and its further implications for Galactic cosmic-rays.

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  52. Development of an HV-CMOS active pixel sensor "AstroPix" for all-sky medium-energy gamma-ray telescopes Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Suda Y., Caputo R., Steinhebel A.L., Fleischhack H., Striebig N., Jadhav M., Luz R., Violette D., Kierans C., Tajima H., Fukazawa Y., Leys R., Peric I., Metcalfe J., Negro M., Perkins J.S.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    All-sky medium-energy gamma-ray observations are essential to deepen our understanding of physics in extreme astronomical objects such as gamma-ray bursts and active galactic nuclei. Those observations are also highly needed to further develop multi-messenger astronomy. Next-generation all-sky MeV gamma-ray telescopes must have a large area detector and keep high sensitivities even in the energies in which Compton scattering is dominant. Having both a silicon tracker (scatterer) and a calorimeter (absorber) as the main detector is a promising configuration for such a space mission. In order to fulfill the requirements such as a large sensitive area, low noise, high energy/positional resolution, and low power, we have been developing an HV-CMOS active pixel sensor, AstroPix. In this contribution, we report performance evaluations of AstroPix such as I-V and noise, energy calibration/resolution/threshold, and depletion depth measurements. Current achievements as a sensor for next-generation all-sky MeV gamma-ray telescopes and future development will be discussed.

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  53. Development of a blue-mirror multilayer coating on light concentrators for future SiPM cameras Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Okumura A., Haga J., Inoue C., Nishimoto K., Furuta K., Tajima H.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) have a few advantages over conventional photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) used in imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. The first notable characteristic is their higher photon detection efficiency (PDE) of up to about 60%, which is roughly 1.2–1.5 times better than that of PMTs in the 300–450 nm range, enabling us to lower the energy threshold of gamma-ray observations and increase the photon statistics. The second advantage is that SiPMs are chemically stable after exposure to long and bright illumination, while PMTs can cause gain and quantum efficiency degradation after the same exposure. Therefore, the use of SiPMs under bright or full moon conditions may extend the total observation time in the highest energy coverage region of individual telescopes. However, the SiPM PDE is too high in wavelengths longer than 500 nm; hence, the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of the Cherenkov signal over the night-sky background (NSB) is not necessarily superb. This is because the Cherenkov signal is dominant over the wavelength of 300–500 nm, while the NSB is brighter in the region of 550 nm or longer. To improve the S/N with minimal and cost-effective additional hardware, we have developed multilayer coating designs with only 8 layers and applied them to the specular surfaces of light concentrators. The layers were designed to reflect more photons in the 300–500 nm range but fewer in 550–800 nm. Using a prototype light concentrator fabricated with the novel multilayer design, we demonstrated that a SiPM array exhibits ∼50% better photon collection efficiency at 403 nm than that obtained with PMTs, agreeing with the result of a ray-tracing simulation. The efficiency measured at 830 nm was also successfully reduced by 30–50%.

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  54. Detection of the 2021 Outburst of RS Ophiuchi with the LST-1 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Kobayashi Y., Aguasca-Cabot A., Bernardos Martín M.I., Green D., López-Coto R., Abe K., Abe S., Agudo I., Alvarez Crespo N., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernete Medrano J., Berti A., Bhattacharjee P., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carrasco M.S., Cassol F., Cauz D., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., De Lotto B., De Lucia M., de Menezes R., Del Peral L., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Dellaiera M., Di Piano A., Di Pierro F., Di Pilato A., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fallah Ramazani V., Ferrara G., Ferrarotto F., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Freixas Coromina L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Gasbarra C., Gasparrini D., Geyer D.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    Novae are luminous explosions in close binaries which host a white dwarf and a companion donor star. They are triggered by a thermonuclear runaway when the white dwarf accretes a critical amount of matter from the secondary. Though novae are established as high-energy gamma-ray emitters through observations by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT), the origin of the gamma-ray emission, whether it is hadronic or leptonic, had been under intense debate until very recently. RS Ophiuchi (RS Oph) is a well-known recurrent symbiotic nova with a recurrence time scale of 15 years. The most recent outburst of RS Oph in 2021 brought the first detection of very-high-energy (VHE) gamma rays from a nova ever. The first Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array observed this historic event along with H.E.S.S. and MAGIC. The LST-1 observations in the first days after the burst onset show a clear VHE gamma-ray signal from RS Oph. The low energy threshold of LST-1 allows us to reconstruct the RS Oph gamma-ray spectrum down to ∼30 GeV, providing the best connection of the VHE gamma-ray data to the Fermi LAT energy range. The results from the analysis of the LST-1 observations are consistent with those obtained with H.E.S.S. and MAGIC, and also support a hadronic origin for the observed gamma-ray fluxes. In this contribution, we will present the analysis results of the LST-1 observations of the 2021 outburst of RS Oph.

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  55. Defining the data legacy of the MAGIC telescopes: adopting a standardised data format and open-source analysis tools Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Nigro C., Abe H., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera J., Hrupec D., Hütten M., Imazawa R., Inada T., Iotov R., Ishio K., Jiménez Martínez I., Jormanainen J.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    Very-high-energy (VHE, E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray telescopes have traditionally conducted science with proprietary data and software. After two decades of operations, they have accumulated thousands of hours of observations whose full scientific exploitation cannot be accomplished by the restricted group of scientists operating these instruments. The advent of a new generation of open gamma-ray observatories and, at the same time, the forthcoming end of their scientific operations, call for the realisation of public archives of their observations. With the objective to facilitate the exchange and dissemination of data from current- and next-generation gamma-ray instruments, the "Data formats for gamma-ray astronomy" (GADF) initiative was formed to provide an open and standardised format for gamma-ray astronomical data. In this contribution, we present the effort to produce data of the Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC) telescopes in this standardised format. A total of 150 hours of observations of different sources were converted to the GADF format and then validated by analysing them with the open-source software Gammapy and comparing the results obtained against those produced with the MAGIC proprietary software, MARS. The effort to standardise and validate the MAGIC data in an open and shared format constitute the first fundamental milestone towards the realisation of its public data legacy.

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  56. Constraints on axion-like particles with the Perseus Galaxy Cluster with MAGIC Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    D’Amico G., Batković I., Doro M., Manganaro M., Abe H., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera J., Hrupec D., Hütten M., Imazawa R., Inada T., Iotov R., Ishio K., Jiménez Martínez I., Jormanainen J.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    Axion-like particles (ALPs) are pseudo-Nambu-Goldston bosons that appear in theories beyond the standard model and are capable of converting to photons in the presence of magnetic fields. Such interaction can have an observable effect on the gamma-ray spectrum of astrophysical targets. We have examined about 40 hours of observations made with the ground-based MAGIC Cherenkov telescopes in the direction of the Perseus Galaxy Cluster. The sources of VHE gamma rays present in the cluster and object of the study are the radiogalaxy NGC1275 and the HBL object IC310. These sources are bright in gamma rays and embedded in the cluster’s high magnetic field, making them very good targets for this kind of study. Having not found statistical evidence for ALPs, we exclude ALPs models with masses in the sub-eV range in line with previous results. Last, we address the potential for gamma-ray-based instruments, both current and future, to identify ALP signals using this analysis technique, finding that the search for wiggles in TeV gamma-ray spectra is very unlikely to be sensitive enough for observations with IACTs.

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  57. Characterization of SiPM and development of test bench modules for the next-generation cameras for Large-Sized Telescopes for Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Saito T., Hashiyama K., Iwasaki H., Kubo H., Mizote M., Okumura A., Tajima H., Yamamoto T.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    The recent improvements in the performance of the silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) made them attractive options as photo sensors of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs). In fact, they are already adopted in some IACTs such as FACT and the Small-Sized Telescopes of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). However, the application to the Large-Sized Telescopes (LSTs) of CTA requires additional studies. As the pixel size of LSTs is larger than the nominal size of SiPMs, the signal from multiple sensors must be summed up. Also, the high detection efficiency of the night sky background (NSB) photons may degrade the telescope performance. To overcome this, the pulse width must be as small as 3 ns and the detection efficiency for NSB photons must be suppressed as much as possible. Heat generation and gain stabilization are also issues. We studied different types of SiPMs from Hamamatsu photonics and characterized them for the LST application, addressing the previous points. Also, to prove the SiPM performance in LST, we are developing a SiPM module which can be installed in the exisiting LST camera. Here we present the results of this evaluation and the status of the test bench module development.

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  58. A-STEP for AstroPix: Development and Test of a space-based payload using novel pixelated silicon for gamma-ray measurement Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Steinhebel A.L., Striebig N., Jadhav M., Violette D., Durachka D., Boggs R., Seo L., Hesh S., Suda Y., Shin T.K.W., Metzler Z., Kierans C., Caputo R., Tajima H., Fukazawa Y., Leys R., Peric I., Metcalfe J., Perkins J.S.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    Next-generation medium-energy gamma-ray instruments sensitive from 25 keV to 1 GeV must be able to measure and reconstruct incident photons in the photoabsorption, Compton, and pair-production regimes. Such robust functionality requires a tracker with high resolution, low noise, and low power. The monolithic CMOS active pixel silicon sensor AstroPix is a novel mission-enabling technology. AstroPix will provide the energy- and angular-resolution required of a medium-energy gamma-ray telescope while reducing noise with the dual detection-and-readout capabilities of an HVCMOS chip. Plans for A-STEP, a funded Astropix Sounding rocket Technology dEmonstration Payload, will be presented. This roughly 2U-sized payload will include three layers of AstroPix quad-chips for cosmic ray and gamma ray detection and tracking. This technology demonstration mission also strengthens the design readiness of AMEGO-X, an MIDEX-sized MeV telescope mission concept. Additional supplementary development and testing of the AstroPix project will also be considered, including A-STEP simulation efforts for environment and detector response modeling.

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  59. First results of pulsar observations with the LST-1 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Mas-Aguilar Á., Brunelli G., Ceribella G., López-Moya M., López-Coto R., Abe K., Abe S., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alvarez Crespo N., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernete Medrano J., Berti A., Bhattacharjee P., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carrasco M.S., Cassol F., Cauz D., Cerasole D., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., De Lotto B., De Lucia M., de Menezes R., Del Peral L., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Dellaiera M., Di Piano A., Di Pierro F., Di Pilato A., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fallah Ramazani V., Ferrara G., Ferrarotto F., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Freixas Coromina L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Gasbarra C., Gasparrini D.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    After the discovery of Crab, Vela, and Geminga pulsars at Very High Energies, the search for new pulsars at tens of GeV has been gaining huge importance. However, their steep spectra along with the sensitivity of the current generation of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) are limiting the capability to detect more pulsars. The LST-1 is the first prototype of the Large-Sized Telescope of the forthcoming CTA observatory with enhanced sensitivity at tens of GeV. The LST-1 started its commissioning phase in 2018, and since then it has observed the Crab pulsar regularly. Here, we show the first results of the analysis of the Crab and other pulsars taken with the LST-1. The two characteristic emission peaks of the Crab pulsar, P1, and P2, are detected with high significance showing a clear improvement in sensitivity over the previous generation of IACTs. The spectrum is reconstructed up to 450 GeV for P1 and up to 700 GeV for P2. The low energy threshold of LST-1 also allows us to measure the spectrum of the Crab pulsar in the overlapping region with the Fermi-LAT and cross-calibrate both instruments. The results obtained with the first pulsar observations with the LST-1 confirm the excellent potential of LST telescopes to study and discover new pulsars in the near future.

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  60. SOlar Neutron and Gamma-ray Spectrometer (SONGS) Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Yamaoka K., Tajima H., Miyata K., Watabe T., Ito K., Miyazawa T., Kudoh T., Nakazawa K., Masuda S., Tani K., Arai M., Hatori S., Kume K., Mizushima S., Takahashi H., Watanabe K.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    Particle acceleration mechanisms of protons and heavy ions in solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are still unknown issues. Neutrons can be unique observation probes since they are hardly affected by solar and interplanetary magnetic field. However, little progress has not been made in previous neutron observations due to its insufficient sensitivity in ground-based observatories. To over come such situation, we have launched new space mission dedicated for solar neutron observations, so-called SOlar Neutron and Gamma-ray Spectrometer (SONGS). This detector consists of multi-layered 256 plastic scintillator bars and 12×12 GAGG(Ce) scintillator array readout by SiPMs to track cosmic-ray interactions in three dimensions. In this configuration, it is sensitive to both fast neutrons (30–120 MeV) and soft gamma-rays (0.1–3 MeV). In this paper, we report on scientific motivation, instrumental details, and development status of the SONGS mission.

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  61. Science with GECCO, the Galactic Explorer with a Coded Aperture Mask Compton Telescope Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Bottacini E., Moiseev A.A., Asner D.M., Baring M.G., Bloser P.F., Bolotnikov A.E., Cannady N., Carini G.A., Collmar W., Coogan A., DeNolfo G., Digel S., Eberle V., Enßlin T., Grenier I., Harding A., Hartmann D., Herrmann S., Kazanas D., Kerr M., Krivonos R., Laurent P., Limousin O., Longo F., Mitchell J.W., Morrison L., Morselli A., Moskalenko I.V., Mushotzky R.F., Negro M., Orlando E., Phlips B., Profumo S., Sakai K., Sasaki M., Shawhan P., Shrader C.R., Shy D., Skinner G.K., Smith L., Stecker F., Stochaj S.J., Strong A.W., Sturner S., Tajima H., Thompson D., Tomsick J., Vigliano A., Wadiasingh Z., Woolf R., Yates E., Ziock K.P., Zoglauer A.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    The Galactic Explorer with a Coded Aperture Mask Compton Telescope (GECCO) is a novel concept for a next-generation telescope covering hard X-ray and soft gamma-ray energies. We will present the potential and importance of this approach that bridges the observational gap between the keV and GeV energy range. With the unprecedented angular resolution of the coded-mask telescope combined with the sensitive Compton telescope, a mission such as GECCO can disentangle the discrete sources from the truly diffuse emission. This also allows to understand the gamma-ray Galactic center excess and the Fermi Bubbles, and to trace the low-energy cosmic rays, and their propagation in the Galaxy. Nuclear and annihilation lines are spatially and spectrally resolved from the continuum emission and from sources, addressing the role of low-energy cosmic rays in star formation and galaxy evolution, the origin of the 511 keV positron line, and fundamental physics. Such an instrument also detects explosive transient gamma-ray sources, which enable identifying and studying the astrophysical objects that produce gravitational waves and neutrinos in a multi-messenger context.

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  62. Pybkgmodel - a background modelling toolbox for the CTA Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Strzys M.C., Abe S., de Bony de Lavergne M., Hütten M., Mender S., Vovk I., Abe K., Acharyya A., Adam R., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alfaro J., Alvarez-Crespo N., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amato E., Ambrosino F., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arcaro C., Arrabito L., Asano K., Aschersleben J., Ashkar H., Augusto Stuani L., Baack D., Backes M., Balazs C., Balbo M., Baquero Larriva A., Barbosa Martins V., de Almeida U.B., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Batista P.I., Batkovic I., Batzofin R., Baxter J., Beck G., Becker Tjus J., Beiske L., Belardinelli D., Benbow W., Bernardini E., Bernete Medrano J., Bernlöhr K., Berti A., Beshley V., Bhattacharjee P., Bhattacharyya S., Bi B., Biederbeck N., Biland A., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Blazek J., Boisson C., Bolmont J., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bosnjak Z., Bradascio F., Braiding C., Bronzini E., Brose R., Brown A.M., Brun F., Brunelli G., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Burton M., Bylund T., Calisse P.G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Cantlay B.K., Capalbi M., Caproni A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta R., Carlile C., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carrasco M.S., Cascone E., Cassol F., Castrejon N., Catalani F., Cerasole D., Cerruti M., Chaty S., Chen A.W., Chernyakova M., Chiavassa A., Chudoba J., Coimbra Araujo C.H., Conforti V., Conte F.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    Despite the advancement in background rejection techniques, observation of the very-high-energy gamma-ray sky by imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) are subject to an irreducible background from gamma-like hadron- or electron-induced air showers. The determination of this residual background is crucial for accurate spectral and spatial measurements. The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will become the next generation of IACTs. To unveil its full potential, the improved reconstruction performance of CTA needs to be coupled with a reliable background estimate across the entire field of view. This may become especially important in the case of the planned surveys of large areas of the sky. In this contribution we will present pybkgmodel, an open-source python software package developed for CTA. It aims at providing in a consistent way the various background modelling methods, based on the experience from current IACTs such as H.E.S.S, MAGIC, and VERITAS. It is designed as a toolbox allowing a user to easily choose the optimal reconstruction approach for various target regions or a combination of several algorithms. We will introduce the design of the package as well as demonstrate its functionality using data for the CTA Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1).

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  63. Performance of the Large-Sized Telescope prototype of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Morcuende D., López-Coto R., Moralejo A., Nozaki S., Vuillaume T., Abe K., Abe S., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alvarez Crespo N., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernete Medrano J., Berti A., Bhattacharjee P., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carrasco M.S., Cassol F., Cauz D., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., De Lotto B., De Lucia M., de Menezes R., Del Peral L., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Dellaiera M., Di Piano A., Di Pierro F., Di Pilato A., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fallah Ramazani V., Ferrara G., Ferrarotto F., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Freixas Coromina L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Gasbarra C., Gasparrini D., Geyer D.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    The next-generation ground-based gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) will consist of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) of three different sizes distributed in two sites. The Large-Sized Telescopes will cover the low-energy end of the CTA energy range, starting at about 20 GeV. After its first years of operation at the CTA northern site, the Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1) is in the final stage of its commissioning phase, having collected a significant amount of scientific data to date. In this contribution, we present the physics performance of the telescope using low-zenith Crab Nebula observations and Monte Carlo simulations fine-tuned accordingly. We show performance figures of merit such as the energy threshold, effective area, energy and angular resolution, and sensitivity based on the standard Hillas-parameters approach and following the source-independent and dependent analysis methods. The analysis threshold is estimated at 30 GeV. The energy resolution is around 30%, and the angular resolution is 0.3 degrees at 100 GeV. The best integral sensitivity of LST-1 is about 1.1% of the Crab Nebula flux above 250 GeV for 50 hours of observations. We also show the spectral energy distribution and light curve from Crab Nebula observations, which agree with results from other IACTs and link smoothly with Fermi-LAT when considering statistical and systematic uncertainties near the energy threshold.

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  64. Performance of joint gamma-ray observations with MAGIC and LST-1 telescopes Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Di Pierro F., Berti A., de Menezes R., Jobst E., Ohtani Y., Sitarek J., Suda Y., Visentin E., Abe H., Abe K., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alvarez Crespo N., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Cornelia A., Artero M., Asano K., Aubert P., Baack D., Babić A., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernete Medrano J., Besenrieder J., Bhattacharjee P., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bošnjak , Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Buscemi M., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carrasco M.S., Carretero-Castrillo M., Cassol F., Castro-Tirado A.J., Cauz D., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chilingarian A., Chytka L., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Covino S., D’Amico G., Dalchenko M., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., De Lotto B., De Lucia M., Del Peral L., Deleglise G., Delfino M., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Dellaiera M., Del Popolo A., Depaoli D., Di Piano A.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    The prototype Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is in commissioning phase at the Observatorio del Roque de Los Muchachos at 2200 m a.s.l. in La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain). LST-1 is a 23-m diameter telescope and is the first of four that will compose the LST part of the CTAO Northern array. The LST subarray is optimized to provide the best sensitivity for gamma rays in the 20 GeV - 200 GeV energy range. The MAGIC telescopes, which are located approximately 100 m from the LST-1, is operating as a two 17-m telescope stereoscopic system for more than 14 years. LST-1 and MAGIC routinely perform joint observations of gamma-ray sources to exploit the potential of the three-telescope system. This contribution describes the analysis pipeline and evaluates the performance of the system using Monte Carlo simulations and data on the Crab Nebula. The sensitivity achieved during joint observations with MAGIC and LST-1 is about 30% higher than that of MAGIC alone.

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  65. Observation of Active Galactic Nuclei with the Large-Sized Telescope prototype of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Takeishi R., Álvarez Crespo N., Arbet-Engels A., Baquero Larriva A., Baxter J., Biederbeck N., Caroff S., Di Marco G., Fallah Ramazani V., Green D., Heckmann L., Láinez M., Nickel L., Nievas Rosillo M., Pons E., Priyadarshi C., Sanchez D.A., Vázquez Acosta M., Abe K., Abe S., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Becerra González J., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernete Medrano J., Berti A., Bhattacharjee P., Bigongiari C., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Carosi A., Carrasco M.S., Cassol F., Cauz D., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., De Lotto B., De Lucia M., de Menezes R., Del Peral L., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Dellaiera M., Di Piano A., Di Pierro F., Di Pilato A., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Ferrara G., Ferrarotto F., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Freixas Coromina L., Fröse S.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation gamma-ray observatory. It will consist of three different sizes of telescopes, with a collective improvement of about an order of magnitude in sensitivity, compared with the current generation gamma-ray telescopes. LargeSized Telescopes (LSTs) will be the most sensitive at energies from tens of GeV up to a few TeVs, and will be the best suited to observe gamma-ray sources such as Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). The first Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1), inaugurated in 2018 and currently in commissioning phase, has accumulated more than one thousand hours of data to date. From 2020 to 2022, we have detected various gamma-ray sources, and prominent among them are several well-known AGN, like Mrk 421, Mrk 501, 1ES 1959+650, 1ES 0647+250, PG 1553+113, etc. We report on light curves and energy spectra reconstructed out of these observations down to energies of tens of GeV, which is very close to the energy threshold of LST-1.

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  66. New Mission Concept: Compton Telescope with Coded Aperture Mask (GECCO) for MeV Gamma-ray Astronomy Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Moiseev A.A., Asner D.M., Baring M.G., Bloser P.F., Bolotnikov A.E., Bottacini E., Cannady N., Carini G.A., Collmar W., Coogan A., DeNolfo G., Digel S., Eberle V., Enßlin T., Grenier I., Harding A., Hartmann D., Herrmann S., Kazanas D., Kerr M., Krivonos R., Laurent P., Limousin O., Longo F., Mitchell J.W., Morrison L., Morselli A., Moskalenko I.V., Mushotzky R.F., Negro M., Orlando E., Phlips B., Profumo S., Sakai K., Sasaki M., Shawhan P., Shrader C.R., Shy D., Skinner G.K., Smith L., Stecker F., Stochaj S.J., Strong A.W., Sturner S., Tajima H., Thompson D., Tomsick J., Vigliano A., Wadiasingh Z., Woolf R., Yates E., Ziock K.P., Zoglauer A.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    The Galactic Explorer with a Coded Aperture Mask Compton Telescope (GECCO) is a novel Explorer-class concept for a next-generation telescope covering the poorly explored hard X-ray and soft gamma-ray energy regimes. The instrument is based on a novel CdZnTe imaging calorimeter and a deployable coded aperture mask, which enable it to reach 1 arcmin angular resolution and 1% energy resolution. GECCO will connect the arcminute angular resolution observations from X-ray telescopes to high-energy images of the Galactic plane provided by Fermi-LAT, and will focus on the exploration of heavily populated sky regions such as the Galactic Center and the Carina and Cygnus regions to decipher the nature of their emission. These measurements will probe with unprecedented capabilities the possible origin of this emission as dark matter, new types of sources, or currently unresolved populations of point sources. Uncoded observations with GECCO’s Compton telescope will provide wide field-of-view sky monitoring for transient events, synergizing with gravitational wave and high-energy neutrino facilities. In addition, GECCO will conduct a high-sensitivity search for the positron sources in the Galactic Center responsible for the enigmatic 511 keV positron annihilation line excess, will search for as-yet untested candidates for dark matter, will detect and identify high-redshift blazars with excellent angular resolution, and will explore Galactic chemical evolution and sites of explosive element synthesis.

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  67. New constraints on Lorentz invariance violation using the extraordinary flare of Mrk 421 in 2014 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    D’Amico G., Strišković J., Terzić T., Abe H., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera J., Hrupec D., Hütten M., Imazawa R., Inada T., Iotov R., Ishio K.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    An extraordinary flare from blazar Mrk 421 was recorded on the night of April 24, 2014, by the Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC) telescopes at very high energy (VHE) from 100 GeV up to 10 TeV. Several quantum-gravity models indicate that the photon group velocity in vacuum may be energy dependent, known as in-vacuum dispersion. Violation of Lorentz Invariance (LIV) of this kind can lead to an observable effect on the time of flight of VHE photons from cosmic origin. Observations of fast and distant phenomena, such as the flare from Mrk 421, are excellent testing grounds for this hypothesis. Using an innovative binned likelihood analysis, for the first time from this source we were able to search for arrival-time delays scaling linearly or quadratically with the energy of the photon. The non-detection of energy-dependent time delays led us to set constraints on the parameter space of quantum-gravity predictions.

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  68. Multiwavelength study of GRB 201216C using the sub-TeV emission detected by MAGIC Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Fukami S., Berti A., Loporchio S., Nava L., Suda Y., Noda K., Asano K., Bošnjak Ž., Longo F., Jordana-Mitjans N., Melandri A., Mundell C., Shrestha M., Steele I., Abe H., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M., Bernete J., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    Recently, several gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been detected in the very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray energy range by ground-based gamma-ray experiments such as MAGIC, H.E.S.S., and LHASSO. For some GRBs, the VHE emission is consistent with synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission from high-energy electrons accelerated in the forward shock of the relativistic jet. However, more statistics are needed to further constrain the emission models. GRB 201216C is a long bright GRB detected in a broad energy range from radio to VHE. The redshift is estimated to be 1.1, making the GRB the most distant source detected in the VHE energy range. MAGIC started the observation 56 seconds after the GRB was triggered by the Swift-BAT telescope. We performed a detailed analysis and detected the signal with about 6 sigma in the first 20 minutes. MAGIC continued the observation for 2.2 hours on the same night and 4 hours on the next night. No signal was detected later than 40 minutes after the GRB trigger. We have performed modelling of the multi-wavelength emission using the MAGIC data. We analysed simultaneous optical data from Liverpool Telescope with MAGIC and included the results in the modelling. The sub-TeV emission is consistent with the single-zone SSC model in the forward shock. In this presentation, we show the final results of the MAGIC data analysis of GRB 201216C and discuss the emission mechanism of the multi-wavelength data.

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  69. Multiwavelength characterization of two flaring blazars: insight into the emission region of intermediate-synchrotron-peaked BL Lacs Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Loporchio S., Bonnoli G., Cerasole D., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Giordano F., Lindfors E., Manganaro M., Pavletić L., Abe H., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Baxter J., Be-Cerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bošnjak , Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., GiesbrechtPaiva J.G., Giglietto N., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera J., Hrupec D., Hütten M., Imazawa R., Inada T.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    The blazars B2 1811+31 and GB6 J1058+2817 were found to be in flaring state during 2020 and 2021, respectively. The high states of the sources were registered by the Fermi-LAT at energies below 100 GeV, triggering observations at higher energies with the MAGIC telescopes, in the UV/X rays with the Swift satellite and with ground-based radio and optical telescopes. The observations in the very-high-energy (VHE, 100 GeV < E < 100 TeV) gamma-ray band led to the first detection of both sources in this energy range. A long-term gamma-ray lightcurve was derived using Fermi-LAT data, identifying the time intervals in which the two sources persisted in a quiet state. Archival data collected in the radio to X-ray wavelengths showed that the two sources exhibited intermediate-synchrotron-peaked BL Lac behaviors in their low states, rather rare sources in the TeV sky. The high state of the two sources was deeply investigated thanks to the coverage provided by multi-wavelength (MWL) observational campaigns. In this contribution, we present the results of the gamma-ray observations which are included in a MWL observational campaign organized on these sources during their high-states. We discuss the flare spectral properties and temporal variability. In the high-energy gamma band, sub-daily-scale variability and strong spectral hardening give evidence for compact emission regions responsible for the radiative output at high energies during the flare.

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  70. Multi-wavelength analysis of the galactic PeVatron candidate LHAASO J2108+5157 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Pirola G., Juryšek J., Balbo M., Eckert D., Tramacere A., Walter R., Abe K., Abe S., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alvarez Crespo N., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernete Medrano J., Berti A., Bhattacharjee P., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carrasco M.S., Cassol F., Cauz D., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., De Lotto B., De Lucia M., de Menezes R., Del Peral L., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Dellaiera M., Di Piano A., Di Pierro F., Di Pilato A., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fallah Ramazani V., Ferrara G., Ferrarotto F., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Freixas Coromina L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Gasbarra C., Gasparrini D.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    LHAASO J2108+5157 is a recently discovered source, detected in the Ultra-High-Energy band by the LHAASO collaboration. Two molecular clouds were identified in the direction coincident with LHAASO J2108+5157 and, from the spectra reported by LHAASO, there is no sign of an energy cutoff up to 200 TeV. This source makes a promising galactic PeVatron candidate. In 2021, the Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) Observatory, collected about 50 hours of quality-selected data on LHAASO J2108+5157. Through these observations, we managed to compute stringent upper limits on the source emission in the multi-TeV band. Together with the analysis of XMM-Newton data and 12 years of Fermi-LAT data, we performed a multi-wavelength study of the source, investigating different possible scenarios of particle acceleration. In this contribution, we will present the results of the analysis, as well as the multi-wavelength modeling, and consequent interpretation of different possible scenarios of emission.

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  71. MAGIC Upper Limits on the VHE emission from Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Mondal H.A., Gliwny P., Principe G., Longo F., Żywucka-Hejzner N., Lindfors E., Majumdar P., Sitarek J., Abe H., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Godinović N., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera J., Hrupec D.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    Blazars are a class of active galactic nuclei (AGN) where the relativistic jet is pointed towards the observer. They are powerful sources of non-thermal radiation from radio to very high energy (VHE, E>100 GeV) gamma-rays. Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars (FSRQs) are a subclass of blazars where there are absorption or emission lines present in the optical spectra. The observed properties of FSRQs are strongly affected by the magnetic field in the accretion disk which changes the UV emission of Broad Line Region (BLR) and infra-red emission from the Dusty Torus. While many (774 as reported in 4FGL-DR2 catalogue [1]) FSRQs have been detected at high energies (HE; E>100 MeV), only a few (9 as of now) could be detected at VHE. In this contribution, we present observations of nine FSRQs performed by Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov (MAGIC)telescopes between 2008 and 2020 with a total observation time of 174 hours. We also include a few observations from the Fermi-LAT, Swift-UVOT, Swift-XRT and optical observations from Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien (KVA) for two sources CTA 102 and B2 2234+28. We also modelled the broad band emission of the sources to look for signatures of absorption in the BLR region and hence to put constraints on the location of the emission region.

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  72. MAGIC observation of BL Lacertae flaring period in 2020 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Imazawa R., Strišković J., Jormanainen J., Truzzi S., Lindfors E., Dominis Prester D., Bonnoli G., Fukazawa Y., Suda Y., Abe H., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bošnjak , Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera J., Hrupec D.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    BL Lacertae (BL Lac) is one of the low-frequency peaked BL Lac object (LBL). Since August 2020, BL Lac has shown a historically high activity in HE (high-energy, 0.1 GeV < E < 100 GeV) gamma-ray and optical bands. The MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov) telescopes performed joint observations during this flaring period with instruments operating in gamma-ray, X-ray, optical, and radio bands from August to October 2020. In the VHE (very-high-energy, E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray range, BL Lac was detected in several nights during an especially bright flare simultaneous with a HE flare. In the long-term light curves, X-ray and HE gamma-ray flux overall show correlation, but sometimes only HE gamma-ray was bright. These multi-wavelength (MWL) correlations may relate to the emission mechanisms and the origin of the observed flaring activity. In this contribution we will present some of the preliminary results on the MWL campaign of BL Lac in September 2020, with a focus on the X-ray and gamma-ray activity, based on the data collected by Swift-XRT, MAGIC and Fermi-LAT telescopes.

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  73. LST-1 observations of an enormous flare of BL Lacertae in 2021 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Nozaki S., Asano K., Escudero J., Emery G., Priyadarshi C., Abe K., Abe S., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alvarez Crespo N., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernete Medrano J., Berti A., Bhattacharjee P., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carrasco M.S., Cassol F., Cauz D., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., De Lotto B., De Lucia M., de Menezes R., Del Peral L., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Dellaiera M., Di Piano A., Di Pierro F., Di Pilato A., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsässer D., Fallah Ramazani V., Ferrara G., Ferrarotto F., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Freixas Coromina L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Gasbarra C., Gasparrini D., Geyer D.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    The first prototype of LST (LST-1) for the Cherenkov Telescope Array has been in commissioning phase since 2018 and already started scientific observations with the low energy threshold around a few tens of GeV. In 2021, LST-1 observed BL Lac following the alerts based on multi-wavelength observations and detected prominent gamma-ray flares. In addition to the daily flux variability, LST-1 also detected sub-hour-scale intra-night variability reaching 3–4 times higher than the gamma-ray flux from the Crab Nebula above 100 GeV. In this proceeding, we will report the analysis results of LST-1 observations of BL Lac in 2021, especially focusing on flux variability.

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  74. Low energy performance boost through a hardware stereoscopic trigger between CTA LST-1 and MAGIC Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Baxter J., Barrio J.A., Bitossi M., Donini A., Mazin D., Paoletti R., Pérez Aguilera A., Tejedor Álvarez L., Abe H., Abe K., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alvarez Crespo N., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Cornelia A., Artero M., Asano K., Aubert P., Baack D., Babić A., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Batkovic I., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernete Medrano J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bhattacharjee P., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bošnjak , Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Buscemi M., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carrasco M.S., Carretero-Castrillo M., Cassol F., Castro-Tirado A.J., Cauz D., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chilingarian A., Chytka L., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Covino S., D’Amico G., Dalchenko M., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., De Lotto B., De Lucia M., de Menezes R., Del Peral L., Deleglise G., Delfino M., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Dellaiera M., Del Popolo A., Depaoli D., Di Piano A.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    The next generation facility for gamma-ray ground-based observations is the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) observatory, which comprises three types of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs). The Large-Sized Telescopes (LSTs) of CTA are the largest telescope type with a mirror dish of 23 m diameter. They cover the low energy end of the accessible gamma-ray energies for IACTs, starting from about 20 GeV up to a few TeV. The first LST prototype, known as LST-1, was officially inaugurated at the Observatorio del Roque de Los Muchachos in La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain) in 2018 and has since performed calibration observations of various known gamma-ray sources. Additionally, the site houses the MAGIC telescopes, two 17 m IACTs situated approximately 100 m away from LST-1, which have been performing stereo observations since 2009. Currently, joint observations between LST-1 and MAGIC are being carried on, and the data taken independently by the two IACT systems is analyzed by combining events via software. However, this method increases the energy threshold, as it discards all but the relatively high-energy events triggered by all three telescopes. To address this issue, we have developed a novel hardware stereo trigger system between LST-1 and MAGIC, which is capable of handling events triggered by any-two out of the three telescopes. In this contribution, we will report on the performance estimation of joint LST-1 and MAGIC observations using the hardware trigger.

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  75. Long-term study of the intermittent extreme behaviour of 1ES 2344+514 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Arbet-Engels A., Mondal H.A., Fukami S., D’Ammando F., Dorner D., Chatterjee R., Majumdar P., Manganaro M., Hovatta T., Das S., Raiteri C.M., Villata M., Perri M., Verrechia F., Leto C., Filippenko A., Zheng W., Abe H., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chatterjee R., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    Extreme high-frequency-peaked BL Lac objects (EHBLs) are the most energetic persistent sources in the Universe. They are characterized by a spectral energy distribution (SED) featuring a synchrotron peak energy above 1 keV. 1ES 2344+514 is a blazar known to behave as an EHBL intermittently. Until now, its EHBL nature was only reported during flares, but a coherent picture is missing as unbiased monitoring campaigns are lacking. This work presents the longest observing campaign from radio to very-high-energy (VHE) frequencies performed so far on 1ES2344+514. Using observations during 2019-2021, we carry out a systematic investigation of the intermittent EHBL phases. Together with MAGIC, the dataset also includes X-ray observations from NuSTAR, XMM-Newton, and AstroSAT, providing an unprecedented determination of the two SED components. For the first time we report a clear EHBL behaviour during a low flux activity in 1ES 2344+514. It implies a significant hardening of the electron distribution inside the jet independent of flux. We also detect a bright X-ray state characterized by an unusually soft spectra, thus violating the harder-when-brighter relation typically found in blazars. The SED study further reveals an excess in the ultraviolet data with respect to the extrapolation of the X-ray spectrum, suggesting at least two regions contributing to the synchrotron flux. Finally we investigate a gamma-ray flare not accompanied by an X-ray counterpart. This peculiar outburst is interpreted using a time-dependent model involving two emitting components.

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  76. Long term study of the blazar S5 0716+714: investigating a turbulent jet at all wavelengths Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Podobnik F., Manganaro M., Jormanainen J., Lindfors E., Bonnoli G., Paoletti R., Jorstad S., Kiehlmann S., Agudo I., Elsasser D., Lorey C., Raiteri C., Villata M., Redhead A.C., Marscher A., Abe H., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bošnjak , Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Hadasch D.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    The blazar S5 0716+714 is an intermediate BL Lacertae object remarkable for its variability in many energy bands. It was discovered by MAGIC in the very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray range in 2008. Later in 2015 an impressive electric vector polarization angle (EVPA) swing was detected in connection with a multiwavelength flaring event including the VHE gamma-ray band. This generated interest in further studies of the jet of this source and its electromagnetic emission at all wavelengths. Since then, MAGIC has monitored the source in coordination with other observatories and here we present the long-term study using data from 2015 to 2022 in a MWL context. The data set also includes the extraordinary flaring activity of 2017, so far the historical maximum detected for this source in the optical and VHE gamma-ray band.

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  77. Joint searches by FACT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC and VERITAS for VHE gamma-ray emission associated with neutrinos detected by IceCube Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Schüssler F., Ashkar H., Bernardini E., Berti A., Bradascio F., Buson S., Dorner D., Jin W., Kukec Mezek G., Santander M., Satalecka K., Schleicher B., Senniappanh M., Viale I., Abhir J., Baack D., Balbo M., Biland A., Brand K., Bretz T., Buss J., Eisenberger L., Elsaesser D., Günther P., Hildebrand D., Mannheim K., Noethe M., Paravac A., Rhode W., Sliusar V., Hasan S., Walter R., Aharonian F., Ait Benkhali F., Alkan A., Aschersleben J., Backes M., Baktash A., Barbosa Martins V., Barnacka A., Barnard J., Batzofin R., Becherini Y., Beck G., Berge D., Bernlöhr K., Bi B., Böttcher M., Boisson C., Bolmont J., de Bony de Lavergne M., Borowska J., Bouyahiaoui M., Breuhaus M., Brose R., Brown A., Brun F., Bruno B., Bulik T., Burger-Scheidlin C., Bylund T., Cangemi F., Caroff S., Casanova S., Cecil R., Celic J., Cerruti M., Chambery P., Chand T., Chandra S., Chen A., Chibueze J., Chibueze O., Collins T., Cotter G., Cristofari P., Damascene Mbarubucyeye J., Davids I.D., Davies J., de Jonge L., Devin J., Djannati-Ataï A., Dmytriiev A., Doroshenko V., Dreyer L., Du Plessis L., Egberts K., Einecke S., Ernenwein J.P., Fegan S., Feijen K., de Clairfontaine G.F., Fontaine G., Lott F., Füßling M., Funk S., Gabici S., Gallant Y.A., Ghafourizadeh S., Giavitto G.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    The sources of the astrophysical flux of high-energy neutrinos detected by IceCube are still largely unknown, but searches for temporal and spatial correlation between neutrinos and electromagnetic radiation are a promising approach in this endeavor. All major imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) - FACT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS - operate an active follow-up program of target-of-opportunity observations of neutrino alerts issued by IceCube. These programs use several complementary neutrino alert streams. A publicly distributed alert stream is formed by individual high-energy neutrino candidate events of potentially astrophysical origin, such as IceCube-170922A (which could be linked to the flaring blazar TXS 0506+056). A privately distributed alert stream is formed by clusters of neutrino events in time and space around either pre-selected gamma-ray sources or anywhere in the sky. Here, we present joint searches for multi-wavelength emission associated with a set of IceCube alerts, both private and public, received through mid-January 2021. We will give an overview of the programs of the participating IACTs. We will showcase the various follow-up and data analysis strategies employed in response to the different alert types and various possible counterpart scenarios. Finally, we will present results from a combined analysis of the VHE gamma-ray observations obtained across all involved instruments, as well as relevant multi-wavelength data.

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  78. Joint Observation of the Galactic Center with MAGIC and CTA-LST-1 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Abe S., Berti A., Di Pierro F., López-Coto R., Moralejo A., Ohtani Y., Sitarek J., Strzys M., Suda Y., Vovk I., Abe H., Abe K., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alvarez Crespo N., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Cornelia A., Artero M., Asano K., Aubert P., Baack D., Babić A., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernete Medrano J., Besenrieder J., Bhattacharjee P., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bošnjak , Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Buscemi M., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carrasco M.S., Carretero-Castrillo M., Cassol F., Castro-Tirado A.J., Cauz D., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chilingarian A., Chytka L., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Covino S., D’Amico G., Dalchenko M., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., De Lotto B., De Lucia M., de Menezes R., Del Peral L., Deleglise G., Delfino M., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Dellaiera M.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    MAGIC is a system of two Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), designed to detect very-high-energy gamma rays, and is operating in stereoscopic mode since 2009 at the Observatorio del Roque de Los Muchachos in La Palma, Spain. In 2018, the prototype IACT of the Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1) for the Cherenkov Telescope Array, a next-generation ground-based gamma-ray observatory, was inaugurated at the same site, at a distance of approximately 100 meters from the MAGIC telescopes. Using joint observations between MAGIC and LST-1, we developed a dedicated analysis pipeline and established the threefold telescope system via software, achieving the highest sensitivity in the northern hemisphere. Based on this enhanced performance, MAGIC and LST-1 have been jointly and regularly observing the Galactic Center, a region of paramount importance and complexity for IACTs. In particular, the gamma-ray emission from the dynamical center of the Milky Way is under debate. Although previous measurements suggested that a supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* plays a primary role, its radiation mechanism remains unclear, mainly due to limited angular resolution and sensitivity. The enhanced sensitivity in our novel approach is thus expected to provide new insights into the question. We here present the current status of the data analysis for the Galactic Center joint MAGIC and LST-1 observations.

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  79. Improvement of the follow-up observations of IceCube neutrinos by CTA LST Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Noda K., Artero M., Fiasson A., Abe K., Abe S., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alvarez Crespo N., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Asano K., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernete Medrano J., Berti A., Bhattacharjee P., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carrasco M.S., Cassol F., Cauz D., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., De Lotto B., De Lucia M., de Menezes R., Del Peral L., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Dellaiera M., Di Piano A., Di Pierro F., Di Pilato A., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fallah Ramazani V., Ferrara G., Ferrarotto F., Foffano L., Freixas Coromina L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Gasbarra C., Gasparrini D., Geyer D., Giesbrecht Paiva J., Giglietto N.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    A decade has passed since high-energy astrophysical neutrinos have been discovered by IceCube, however the corresponding sources have not been fully identified yet. The reported coincidence of the high-energy IceCube-170922A with the gamma-ray blazar TXS 0506+056 is not enough to claim that blazars are the dominant high-energy neutrino emitters in the Universe. In fact, recently IceCube announced a second correlation with NGC 1068, a nearby Seyfert galaxy, which is significantly different from a gamma-emitting blazars. The hunt for counterparts of the IceCube neutrinos using gamma-ray telescopes started in 2012. Nonetheless, these efforts will continue with the next-generation gamma-ray telescopes, such as the CTA Large Size Telescopes (LSTs) and other telescopes, by means of an improved and revised observation strategy. These new observations will allow us to detect enough sources in order to elucidate the mystery of the neutrino emitters. In this contribution, we introduces the efforts made thus far in the search for gamma-ray counterpart of high-energy IceCube events using the current generation IACTs, focusing on alerts made of multiple neutrinos events, and present an idea to improve in the observational strategies with the CTA LSTs that will become operational in the coming decade. We will discuss how to reduce the bias to gamma-ray emitters in order to search for possible neutrino counterparts.

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  80. Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes pointing determination using the trajectories of the stars in the field of view. Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Dalchenko M., Heller M., Abe K., Abe S., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alvarez Crespo N., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernete Medrano J., Berti A., Bhattacharjee P., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carrasco M.S., Cassol F., Cauz D., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., De Lotto B., De Lucia M., de Menezes R., Del Peral L., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Dellaiera M., Di Piano A., Di Pierro F., Di Pilato A., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fallah Ramazani V., Ferrara G., Ferrarotto F., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Freixas Coromina L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Gasbarra C., Gasparrini D., Geyer D., Giesbrecht Paiva J., Giglietto N., Giordano F.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    We present a new approach to the pointing determination of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs). This method is universal and can be applied to any IACT with minor modifications. It uses the trajectories of the stars in the field of view of the IACT’s main camera and requires neither dedicated auxiliary hardware nor a specific data taking mode. The method consists of two parts: firstly, we reconstruct individual star positions as a function of time, taking into account the point spread function of the telescope; secondly, we perform a simultaneous fit of all reconstructed star trajectories using the orthogonal distance regression method. The method does not assume any particular star trajectories, does not require a long integration time, and can be applied to any IACT observation mode. The performance of the method is assessed with commissioning data of the Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1), showing the method’s stability and remarkable pointing performance of the LST-1 telescope.

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  81. Highlights of Galactic Science with the MAGIC telescopes Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Strzys M.C., Abe H., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera J., Hrupec D., Hütten M., Imazawa R., Inada T., Iotov R., Ishio K., Jiménez Martínez I., Jormanainen J.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    There are several types of Galactic sources that can potentially accelerate charged particles up to GeV and TeV energies. These accelerated particles can produce Very High Energy (E>100 GeV) gamma-ray emission through different non-thermal processes such as inverse Compton scattering of ambient photon fields by accelerated electrons or pion decay after proton-proton collisions. Here we present highlight results of observations with the MAGIC telescopes on Galactic sources: millisecond pulsars, supernova remnants (SNRs), pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe), novae and binary systems. In particular, we present the promising PeVatron candidate SNR G106.3+2.7 containing an energetic PWN named Boomerang. Also, in the ongoing search for new source classes we looked for very-high-energy emission from the millisecond pulsar PSR J0218+4232 that has long been considered as one of the best candidates. Furthermore, we present the observations during an exceptionally bright X-ray outburst from the low mass X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070. Finally, we highlight the MAGIC results of the first nova detected at VHEs: RS Ophiuchi, a recurrent symbiotic nova located in the Milky Way. The detection with the MAGIC telescopes proves a hadronic origin of the the gamma-ray emission, and helps in understanding the contribution of novae to the cosmic-ray budget.

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  82. Gamma-ray Spectral Line emission search from Dark Matter Annihilation up to 100 TeV towards the Galactic Centre with MAGIC Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Inada T., Kerszberg D., Hütten M., Rico J., Teshima M., Kohri K., Hiroshima N., Abe H., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera J., Hrupec D., Hütten M.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    The detection of line-like TeV gamma-ray features configures as a smoking gun for the discovery of TeV-scale particle dark matter. We report the first search for dark matter spectral lines in the Galactic Centre region up to gamma-ray energies of 100 TeV with the MAGIC telescopes (La Palma, Canary Islands). The Galactic Centre region is expected to host the closest dark matter halo of considerable size and is therefore well suited for this kind of searches. Observations at large zenith angles improve sensitivity for gamma rays in the TeV regime due to the increased telescope collection area. We present the results obtained with more than 200 hours of large-zenith angle observations of the Galactic Centre region, which allow us to obtain competitive limits to the dark matter annihilation cross-section at high particle masses (< 5 × 10<sup>−28</sup> cm<sup>3</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> at 1 TeV and < 1 × 10<sup>−25</sup> cm<sup>3</sup> s<sup>−1</sup> at 100 TeV), improving the best current constraints above 20 TeV. In addition, we also study the impact of an inner cored dark matter halo on probing the annihilation cross-section. Finally, we use the derived limits to constrain super-symmetric wino models.

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  83. Galactic Center Studies with CTA-LST-1 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Abe S., Ohtani Y., Strzys M., Teshima M., Vovk I., Abe K., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alvarez Crespo N., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernete Medrano J., Berti A., Bhattacharjee P., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carrasco M.S., Cassol F., Cauz D., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., De Lotto B., De Lucia M., de Menezes R., Del Peral L., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Dellaiera M., Di Piano A., Di Pierro F., Di Pilato A., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fallah Ramazani V., Ferrara G., Ferrarotto F., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Freixas Coromina L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Gasbarra C., Gasparrini D., Geyer D.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    The Galactic Center region is known to host a wide variety of very-high-energy gamma-ray sources. In 2018 the prototype of the Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1) for CTA was inaugurated, and has been regularly observing the Galactic Center since 2021. To observe the Galactic Center in the southern sky, LST-1, located in the Northern hemisphere, requires an observation mode at a low telescope elevation. In this study, we assessed the performance of LST-1 at the large zenith angle, based both on simulations and observational data for the standard candle Crab Nebula. Analyzing LST-1 data from the Galactic Center observations, we obtained the spectral energy distributions of Sagittarius A* and G0.9+0.1, which were comparable with the results from the current imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, with a broad energy coverage owing to the large-zenith-angle observation and the low energy threshold of LST-1.

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  84. First Science Results from CTA LST-1 Telescope and status of LST-2-4 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Mazin D., Abe K., Abe S., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alvarez Crespo N., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernete Medrano J., Berti A., Bhattacharjee P., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carrasco M.S., Cassol F., Cauz D., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., De Lotto B., De Lucia M., de Menezes R., Del Peral L., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Dellaiera M., Di Piano A., Di Pierro F., Di Pilato A., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fallah Ramazani V., Ferrara G., Ferrarotto F., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Freixas Coromina L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Gasbarra C., Gasparrini D., Geyer D., Giesbrecht Paiva J., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    The prototype Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) was inaugurated on La Palma, Canary Islands, in 2018. Since then, the telescope is in the commissioning phase and takes regular gamma-ray data on astrophysical sources while waiting for other CTA telescopes in La Palma to be constructed. Here we present the status of the commissioning, lessons learned, the telescope performance, and scientific highlights achieved in the last couple of years. The science results include the detection of active galactic nuclei flares, studies of pulsar wind nebulae and pulsars, the detection of a Nova, and searches for gamma-ray emission from gamma-ray bursts. We also present the status of the construction of the three further LST telescopes (LST-2-4) in La Palma and plans for their commissioning.

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  85. Study on the gain and photon detection efficiency drops of silicon photomultipliers under bright background conditions Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Okumura A., Wakazono K., Furuta K., Tajima H.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    The use of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) in imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes is expected to extend the observation times of very-high-energy gamma-ray sources, particularly within the highest energy domain of 50–300 TeV, where the Cherenkov signal from celestial gamma rays is adequate even under bright moonlight background conditions. Unlike conventional photomultiplier tubes, SiPMs do not exhibit quantum efficiency or gain degradation, which can be observed after long exposures to bright illumination. However, under bright conditions, the photon detection efficiency of a SiPM can be undergo temporary degradation because a fraction of its avalanche photodiode cells can saturate owing to photons from the night-sky background (NSB). In addition, the large current generated by the high NSB rate can increase the temperature of the silicon substrate, resulting in shifts in the SiPM breakdown voltages and consequent gain changes. Moreover, this large current changes the effective bias voltage because it causes a voltage drop across the protection resistor of 100–1000 Ω. Hence, these three factors, namely the avalanche photodiode (APD) saturation, Si temperature, and voltage drop must be carefully compensated for and/or considered in the energy calibration of Cherenkov telescopes with SiPM cameras. In this study, we measured the signal output charge of a SiPM and its variation as a function of different NSB-like background conditions up to 1 GHz/pixel. The results verify that the product of the SiPM gain and photon detection efficiency is well characterized by these three factors.

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  86. Update on the performance of the MAGIC Intensity Interferometer Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Martínez I.J., Acciari V.A., Cifuentes A., Colombo E., Cortina J., Delgado C., Díaz C., Fiori M., Fink D., Guberman D., Hassan T., Lyard E., Mariotti M., Martínez G., Mirzoyan R., Naletto G., Njoh Ekoume T., Polo M., Produit N., Rodríguez-Vázquez J.J., Saha P., Schweizer T., Walter R., Wunderlich C.W., Zampieri L., Abe H., Abe S., Abhir J., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Baxter J., Be-Cerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Contreras J.L., Covino S., D’Amico G., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    In recent years, the MAGIC telescopes have been equipped with a setup that allows its Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) to function as an Intensity Interferometer. The deadtime-free setup includes a 4-channel GPU-based real-time correlator together with optical filters in the 350-450 nm wavelength range and specialized Active Mirror Control (AMC) configurations. This implementation allows MAGIC to perform measurements of the spatial coherence (visibility) of the intensity fluctuations of an object’s starlight over several separations (baselines) and construct a model of said object. The accessible baseline range for MAGIC is 40-90 m which translates into an angular resolution of 0.5-1 mas. Additionally, thanks to the AMC it can access even smaller baselines, of less than 17 m (which is the diameter of each of both dishes) to measure objects of greater angular size (>1 mas) and even measure the zero-baseline correlation, which is key to calibrate the system. We present the latest measurements that allow us to understand the performance and systematics of our setup and validate our analysis.

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  87. The Real Time Analysis framework of the Cherenkov Telescope Array’s Large-Sized Telescope Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Caroff S., Aubert P., Garcia E., Maurin G., Pollet V., Vuillaume T., Abe K., Abe S., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alvarez Crespo N., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernete Medrano J., Berti A., Bhattacharjee P., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Carosi A., Carrasco M.S., Cassol F., Cauz D., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., De Lotto B., De Lucia M., de Menezes R., Del Peral L., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Dellaiera M., Di Piano A., Di Pierro F., Di Pilato A., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fallah Ramazani V., Ferrara G., Ferrarotto F., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Freixas Coromina L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Gasbarra C., Gasparrini D.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    The Large-Sized Telescopes (LSTs) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) will play a crucial role in the study of transient gamma-ray sources, such as gamma-ray bursts and flaring active galactic nuclei. The low energy threshold of LSTs makes them particularly well suited for the detection of these phenomena. The ability to detect and analyze gamma-ray transients in real-time is essential for quickly identifying and studying these rare and fleeting events. In this conference, we will present recent advances in the real-time analysis of data from the LST-1, the first prototype of LST located in the Canary island of La Palma. We will discuss in particular the development of new algorithms for event reconstruction and background rejection. These advances will enable rapid identification and follow-up observation of transient gamma-ray sources, making the LST-1 a powerful tool for the study of the dynamic universe. The implementation of this framework in the future Array Control and Data Acquisition System (ACADA) of CTAO will be discussed as well, based on the experience with LST.

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  88. The Cosmic-ray Electron and Positron Spectrum Measured with MAGIC Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Chai Y., Ishio K., Kerszberg D., Mangano S., Abe H., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera J., Hrupec D., Hütten M., Imazawa R., Inada T., Iotov R.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    Cosmic-ray electrons and positrons (CREs) of TeV energies suffer severe energy loss during propagation due to inverse Compton scattering and synchrotron radiation process, they are therefore very useful to constrain the local cosmic-ray sources in the Galaxy. The ability to measure CREs by ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) has been demonstrated in the past. In this proceeding, we will present two methods – a template fit method and a tight cut method based on a two-steps-trained Random Forest (RF) – optimized for the detection and study of CREs and will report on the measurement of the CREs energy spectrum from 300 GeV to 6 TeV with the MAGIC telescopes.

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  89. The broadband 3-year monitoring of the blazar 1ES 1959+650: a SED analysis of the low state Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Nanci C., Nigro C., Arcaro C., Prandini E., Dorner D., Zanin R., Arbet-Engels A., Rosillo M.N., D'Ammando F., Bronzini E., Sakurai S., Abe H., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babic A., Baquero A., de Almeida U.B., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak Z., Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D'Amico G., D'Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinovic N., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Hadasch D.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 444   2024.9

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    Blazars' Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) consists of two components. In a leptonic interpretation, the low-energy bump is due to synchrotron radiation from accelerated electrons while the high-energy one is produced via inverse Compton scattering of the electrons by lower-energy photons. These come from the synchrotron radiation produced by the same population of electrons emitting at low energy (Synchrotron Self-Compton, SSC, scenario) or from an external photon field. According to hadronic models, the high-energy emission is due to processes involving the protons in the source. Multiwavelength (MWL) long-term monitoring of blazars is key since the SED modelling over time allows the study of the radiative processes during different source states. The blazar 1ES 1959+650 represents an ideal laboratory for that, being bright at all wavelengths and located at low redshift (z=0.047) allowing its detection up to TeV energies. Also, it underwent some flaring episodes in the past. Long-term monitoring of 1ES 1959+650 is ongoing under the coordination of the MAGIC Collaboration. During the last years, the source is experiencing its lowest state ever reached, mainly at very high energies (VHE; E > 100 GeV). This contribution presents the MAGIC+MWL observations of the last 3 years, and the preliminary study focusing on an SSC interpretation of the data.

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  90. GRB 221009A observations with LST-1 at VHE gamma rays Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Abe K., Abe S., Abhishek A., Acero F., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Crespo N.A., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Asano K., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Larriva A.B., de Almeida U.B., Barrio J.A., Jiménez L.B., Batkovic I., Baxter J., González J.B., Bernardini E., Medrano J.B., Berti A., Bhattacharjee P., Bigongiari C., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Brunelli G., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carrasco M.S., Cassol F., Castrejón N., Cauz D., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chon G., Chytka L., Cicciari G.M., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Da Vela P., Dalchenko M., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., De Lotto B., de Menezes R., Del Peral L., Delgado C., Mengual J.D., Volpe D.d., Dellaiera M., Di Piano A., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Prester D.D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Eisenberger L., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Ramazani V.F., Ferrarotto F., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Coromina L.F., Fröse S., Fukazawa Y., López R.G., Gasbarra C., Gasparrini D., Geyer D., Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinovic N., Grau R., Green D.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 461   2024.7

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    On October 9th, 2022, the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) since the first GRB observation in the late sixties was detected by the Fermi-GBM and Swift-BAT telescopes (GRB 221009A). The outstanding characteristics of this GRB triggered extensive follow-up observations of the source across all wavebands, including at very-high-energy (VHE) gamma rays with the Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1) of the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO). In this contribution, we present the analysis and results of the LST-1 observation campaign in October 2022, focusing on the data taken under nominal observing conditions and above 200 GeV.

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  91. Constraints on Lorentz invariance violation from the extraordinary Mrk 421 flare of 2014 using a novel analysis method Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe, S.; Abhir, J.; Abhishek, A.; Acciari, V. A.; Aguasca-Cabot, A.; Agudo, I.; Aniello, T.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.; Arbet Engels, A.; Arcaro, C.; Artero, M.; Asano, K.; Babić, A.; Baquero, A.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Batković, I.; Bautista, A.; Baxter, J.; Becerra González, J.; Bednarek, W.; Bernardini, E.; Bernete, J.; Berti, A.; Besenrieder, J.; Bigongiari, C.; Biland, A.; Blanch, O.; Bonnoli, G.; Bošnjak, Ž.; Bronzini, E.; Burelli, I.; Busetto, G.; Campoy-Ordaz, A.; Carosi, A.; Carosi, R.; Carretero-Castrillo, M.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Cerasole, D.; Ceribella, G.; Chai, Y.; Cifuentes, A.; Colombo, E.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Covino, S.; D'Amico, G.; D'Elia, V.; da Vela, P.; Dazzi, F.; de Angelis, A.; de Lotto, B.; de Menezes, R.; Del Popolo, A.; Delfino, M.; Delgado, J.; Delgado Mendez, C.; di Pierro, F.; di Tria, R.; di Venere, L.; Dominis Prester, D.; Donini, A.; Dorner, D.; Doro, M.; Elsaesser, D.; Emery, G.; Escudero, J.; Fariña, L.; Fattorini, A.; Foffano, L.; Font, L.; Fröse, S.; Fukami, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; García López, R. J.; Garczarczyk, M.; Gasparyan, S.; Gaug, M.; Giesbrecht Paiva, J. G.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Gliwny, P.; Godinović, N.; Gradetzke, T.; Grau, R.; Green, D.; Green, J. G.; Günther, P.; Hadasch, D.; Hahn, A.; Hassan, T.; Heckmann, L.; Herrera, J.; Hrupec, D.; Hütten, M.; Imazawa, R.; Ishio, K.; Jiménez Martínez, I.; Jormanainen, J.; Kayanoki, T.; Kerszberg, D.; Kluge, G. W.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kouch, P. M.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; Láinez, M.; Lamastra, A.; Leone, F.; Lindfors, E.; Linhoff, L.; Lombardi, S.; Longo, F.; López-Coto, R.; López-Moya, M.; López-Oramas, A.; Loporchio, S.; Lorini, A.; Lyard, E.; Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B.; Majumdar, P.; Makariev, M.; Maneva, G.; Manganaro, M.; Mangano, S.; Mannheim, K.; Mariotti, M.; Martínez, M.; Martínez-Chicharro, M.; Mas-Aguilar, A.; Mazin, D.; Menchiari, S.; Mender, S.; Miceli, D.; Miener, T.; Miranda, J. M.; Mirzoyan, R.; Molero González, M.; Molina, E.; Mondal, H. A.; Moralejo, A.; Morcuende, D.; Nakamori, T.; Nanci, C.; Neustroev, V.; Nickel, L.; Nievas Rosillo, M.; Nigro, C.; Nikolić, L.; Nilsson, K.; Nishijima, K.; Njoh Ekoume, T.; Noda, K.; Nogues, L.; Nozaki, S.; Ohtani, Y.; Okumura, A.; Otero-Santos, J.; Paiano, S.; Palatiello, M.; Paneque, D.; Paoletti, R.; Paredes, J. M.; Peresano, M.; Persic, M.; Pihet, M.; Pirola, G.; Podobnik, F.; Prada Moroni, P. G.; Prandini, E.; Principe, G.; Priyadarshi, C.; Rhode, W.; Ribó, M.; Rico, J.; Righi, C.; Sahakyan, N.; Saito, T.; Satalecka, K.; Saturni, F. G.; Schleicher, B.; Schmidt, K.; Schmuckermaier, F.; Schubert, J. L.; Schweizer, T.; Sciaccaluga, A.; Silvestri, G.; Sitarek, J.; Sliusar, V.; Sobczynska, D.; Stamerra, A.; Strišković, J.; Strom, D.; Suda, Y.; Suutarinen, S.; Tajima, H.; Takahashi, M.; Takeishi, R.; & Tavecchio, F.

    Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics   Vol. 2024 ( 7 ) page: 44   2024.7

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    DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2024/07/044

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  92. Dark matter line searches with the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe, S.; Abhir, J.; Abhishek, A.; Acero, F.; Acharyya, A.; Adam, R.; Aguasca-Cabot, A.; Agudo, I.; Aguirre-Santaella, A.; Alfaro, J.; Alfaro, R.; Alvarez-Crespo, N.; Alves Batista, R.; Amans, J. -P.; Amato, E.; Ambrosi, G.; Angel, L.; Aramo, C.; Arcaro, C.; Arnesen, T. T. H.; Arrabito, L.; Asano, K.; Ascasibar, Y.; Aschersleben, J.; Ashkar, H.; Backes, M.; Baktash, A.; Balazs, C.; Balbo, M.; Baquero Larriva, A.; Barbosa Martins, V.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Batković, I.; Batzofin, R.; Baxter, J.; Becerra González, J.; Beck, G.; Benbow, W.; Berge, D.; Bernardini, E.; Bernete, J.; Bernlöhr, K.; Berti, A.; Bertucci, B.; Bhattacharjee, P.; Bhattacharyya, S.; Bigongiari, C.; Biland, A.; Bissaldi, E.; Biteau, J.; Blanch, O.; Blazek, J.; Bocchino, F.; Boisson, C.; Bolmont, J.; Bonnoli, G.; Bonollo, A.; Bordas, P.; Bosnjak, Z.; Bottacini, E.; Böttcher, M.; Bringmann, T.; Bronzini, E.; Brose, R.; Brown, A. M.; Brunelli, G.; Bulgarelli, A.; Bulik, T.; Burelli, I.; Burmistrov, L.; Burton, M.; Buscemi, M.; Bylund, T.; Cailleux, J.; Campoy-Ordaz, A.; Cantlay, B. K.; Capasso, G.; Caproni, A.; Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R.; Caraveo, P.; Caroff, S.; Carosi, A.; Carosi, R.; Carquin, E.; Carrasco, M. -S.; Cassol, F.; Castaldini, L.; Castrejon, N.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Cerasole, D.; Cerruti, M.; Chadwick, P. M.; Chaty, S.; Chen, A. W.; Chernyakova, M.; Chiavassa, A.; Chudoba, J.; Chytka, L.; Cicciari, G. M.; Cifuentes, A.; Coimbra Araujo, C. H.; Colapietro, M.; Conforti, V.; Conte, F.; Contreras, J. L.; Costa, A.; Costantini, H.; Cotter, G.; Cristofari, P.; Cuevas, O.; Curtis-Ginsberg, Z.; D'Amico, G.; D'Ammando, F.; Dai, S.; Dalchenko, M.; Dazzi, F.; De Angelis, A.; de Bony de Lavergne, M.; De Caprio, V.; de Gouveia Dal Pino, E. M.; De Lotto, B.; De Lucia, M.; de Menezes, R.; de Naurois, M.; de Souza, V.; del Peral, L.; del Valle, M. V.; Delgado Giler, A. G.; Delgado Mengual, J.; Delgado, C.; Dell'aiera, M.; della Volpe, D.; Depaoli, D.; Di Girolamo, T.; Di Piano, A.; Di Pierro, F.; Di Tria, R.; Di Venere, L.; Díaz, C.; Diebold, S.; Dinesh, A.; Djuvsland, J.; Dominik, R. M.; Dominis Prester, D.; Donini, A.; Dorner, D.; Dörner, J.; Doro, M.; Dournaux, J. -L.; Duangchan, C.; Dubos, C.; Ducci, L.; Dwarkadas, V. V.; Ebr, J.; Eckner, C.; Egberts, K.; Einecke, S.; Elsässer, D.; Emery, G.; Errando, M.; Escanuela, C.; Escarate, P.; Escobar Godoy, M.; Escudero, J.; Esposito, P.; Ettori, S.; Falceta-Goncalves, D.; Fedorova, E.; Fegan, S.; Feng, Q.; Ferrand, G.; Ferrarotto, F.; Fiandrini, E.; Fiasson, A.; Filipovic, M.; Fioretti, V.; Fiori, M.; Foffano, L.; Font Guiteras, L.; Fontaine, G.; Fröse, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; Fukui, Y.; Furniss, A.; Galanti, G.; Galaz, G.; Galelli, C.; Gallozzi, S.; Gammaldi, V.; Garczarczyk, M.; Gasbarra, C.; Gasparrini, D.; Ghalumyan, A.; Gianotti, F.; Giarrusso, M.; Giesbrecht Formiga Paiva, J. G.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; & Giuffrida, R.

    Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics   Vol. 2024 ( 7 ) page: 47   2024.7

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    DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2024/07/047

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  93. Factors Affecting Nonfunctioning Small Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms and Proposed New Treatment Strategies. Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Hijioka S, Yamashige D, Esaki M, Honda G, Higuchi R, Masui T, Shimizu Y, Ohtsuka M, Kumamoto Y, Katanuma A, Gotohda N, Akita H, Unno M, Endo I, Yokoyama Y, Yamada S, Matsumoto I, Ohtsuka T, Hirano S, Yasuda H, Kawai M, Aoki T, Nakamura M, Hashimoto D, Rikiyama T, Horiguchi A, Fujii T, Mizuno S, Hanada K, Tani M, Hatori T, Ito T, Okuno M, Kagawa S, Tajima H, Ishii T, Sugimoto M, Onoe S, Takami H, Takada R, Miura T, Kurita Y, Kamei K, Mataki Y, Okazaki K, Takeyama Y, Yamaue H, Satoi S, Japan Pancreas Society Clinical Research Promotion Committee Group (Corporate Authorship)

    Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association   Vol. 22 ( 7 ) page: 1416 - 1426.e5   2024.7

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2024.03.029

    Open Access

    PubMed

  94. Insights into the broadband emission of the TeV blazar Mrk 501 during the first X-ray polarization measurements Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    MAGIC Collaboration, Abe, S.; Abhir, J.; Acciari, V. A.; Aguasca-Cabot, A.; Agudo, I.; Aniello, T.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.; Arbet Engels, A.; Arcaro, C.; Asano, K.; Babić, A.; Baquero, A.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Batković, I.; Bautista, A.; Baxter, J.; Becerra González, J.; Bednarek, W.; Bernardini, E.; Bernardos, M.; Bernete, J.; Berti, A.; Besenrieder, J.; Bigongiari, C.; Biland, A.; Blanch, O.; Bonnoli, G.; Bošnjak, Ž.; Burelli, I.; Busetto, G.; Campoy-Ordaz, A.; Carosi, A.; Carosi, R.; Carretero-Castrillo, M.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Ceribella, G.; Chai, Y.; Cifuentes, A.; Colombo, E.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Covino, S.; D'Amico, G.; D'Elia, V.; Da Vela, P.; Dazzi, F.; De Angelis, A.; De Lotto, B.; de Menezes, R.; Del Popolo, A.; Delfino, M.; Delgado, J.; Delgado Mendez, C.; Di Pierro, F.; Di Venere, L.; Dominis Prester, D.; Donini, A.; Dorner, D.; Doro, M.; Elsaesser, D.; Emery, G.; Escudero, J.; Fariña, L.; Fattorini, A.; Foffano, L.; Font, L.; Fröse, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; García López, R. J.; Garczarczyk, M.; Gasparyan, S.; Gaug, M.; Giesbrecht Paiva, J. G.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Gliwny, P.; Godinović, N.; Gradetzke, T.; Grau, R.; Green, D.; Green, J. G.; Günther, P.; Hadasch, D.; Hahn, A.; Hassan, T.; Heckmann, L.; Herrera, J.; Hrupec, D.; Hütten, M.; Imazawa, R.; Ishio, K.; Jiménez Martínez, I.; Kayanoki, T.; Kerszberg, D.; Kluge, G. W.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kouch, P. M.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; Láinez Lezáun, M.; Lamastra, A.; Leone, F.; Lindfors, E.; Linhoff, L.; Lombardi, S.; Longo, F.; López-Coto, R.; López-Moya, M.; López-Oramas, A.; Loporchio, S.; Lorini, A.; Lyard, E.; Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B.; Majumdar, P.; Makariev, M.; Maneva, G.; Mang, N.; Manganaro, M.; Mangano, S.; Mannheim, K.; Mariotti, M.; Martínez, M.; Martínez-Chicharro, M.; Mas-Aguilar, A.; Mazin, D.; Menchiari, S.; Mender, S.; Miceli, D.; Miener, T.; Miranda, J. M.; Mirzoyan, R.; Molero González, M.; Molina, E.; Mondal, H. A.; Moralejo, A.; Morcuende, D.; Nakamori, T.; Nanci, C.; Neustroev, V.; Nigro, C.; Nikolić, L.; Nilsson, K.; Nishijima, K.; Njoh Ekoume, T.; Noda, K.; Nozaki, S.; Ohtani, Y.; Okumura, A.; Otero-Santos, J.; Paiano, S.; Palatiello, M.; Paneque, D.; Paoletti, R.; Paredes, J. M.; Peresano, M.; Persic, M.; Pihet, M.; Pirola, G.; Podobnik, F.; Prada Moroni, P. G.; Prandini, E.; Principe, G.; Priyadarshi, C.; Rhode, W.; Ribó, M.; Rico, J.; Righi, C.; Sahakyan, N.; Saito, T.; Satalecka, K.; Saturni, F. G.; Schleicher, B.; Schmidt, K.; Schmuckermaier, F.; Schubert, J. L.; Schweizer, T.; Sciaccaluga, A.; Silvestri, G.; Sitarek, J.; Sobczynska, D.; Spolon, A.; Stamerra, A.; Strišković, J.; Strom, D.; Suda, Y.; Suutarinen, S.; Tajima, H.; Takahashi, M.; Takeishi, R.; Tavecchio, F.; Temnikov, P.; Terauchi, K.; Terzić, T.; Teshima, M.; Tosti, L.; Truzzi, S.; & Tutone, A.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 685   page: 138567   2024.5

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    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202348709

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    Scopus

  95. Constraints on axion-like particles with the Perseus Galaxy Cluster with MAGIC Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe H., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D'Amico G., D'Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera J., Hrupec D., Hütten M., Imazawa R., Inada T., Iotov R., Ishio K., Jiménez Martínez I., Jormanainen J., Kerszberg D., Kluge G.W., Kobayashi Y., Kouch P.M., Kubo H.

    Physics of the Dark Universe   Vol. 44   2024.5

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    Axion-like particles (ALPs) are pseudo-Nambu–Goldstone bosons that emerge in various theories beyond the standard model. These particles can interact with high-energy photons in external magnetic fields, influencing the observed gamma-ray spectrum. This study analyzes 41.3 h of observational data from the Perseus Galaxy Cluster collected with the MAGIC telescopes. We focused on the spectra the radio galaxy in the center of the cluster: NGC 1275. By modeling the magnetic field surrounding this target, we searched for spectral indications of ALP presence. Despite finding no statistical evidence of ALP signatures, we were able to exclude ALP models in the sub-micro electronvolt range. Our analysis improved upon previous work by calculating the full likelihood and statistical coverage for all considered models across the parameter space. Consequently, we achieved the most stringent limits to date for ALP masses around 50 neV, with cross sections down to g<inf>aγ</inf>=3×10<sup>−12</sup> GeV<sup>−1</sup>.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.dark.2024.101425

    Open Access

    Web of Science

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  96. The variability patterns of the TeV blazar PG 1553 + 113 from a decade of MAGIC and multiband observations Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe H., Abe S., Abhir J., Acciari V.A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres de Almeida U., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Chai Y., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Grau R., Green J.G., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Heckmann L., Herrera J., Hovatta T., Hrupec D., Hütten M., Imazawa R., Inada T., Iotov R., Ishio K., Jimenez Martínez I., Jormanainen J., Kerszberg D., Kluge G.W., Kobayashi Y., Kouch P.M., Kubo H., Kushida J., Láinez Lezáun M., Lamastra A., Leone F., Lindfors E.

    Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society   Vol. 529 ( 4 ) page: 3894 - 3911   2024.4

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society  

    PG 1553 + 113 is one of the few blazars with a convincing quasi-periodic emission in the gamma-ray band. The source is also a very high energy (VHE; >100 GeV) gamma-ray emitter. To better understand its properties and identify the underlying physical processes driving its variability, the MAGIC Collaboration initiated a multiyear, multiwavelength monitoring campaign in 2015 involving the OVRO 40-m and Medicina radio telescopes, REM, KVA, and the MAGIC telescopes, Swift and Fermi satellites, and the WEBT network. The analysis presented in this paper uses data until 2017 and focuses on the characterization of the variability. The gamma-ray data show a (hint of a) periodic signal compatible with literature, but the X-ray and VHE gamma-ray data do not show statistical evidence for a periodic signal. In other bands, the data are compatible with the gamma-ray period, but with a relatively high p-value. The complex connection between the low- and high-energy emission and the non-monochromatic modulation and changes in flux suggests that a simple one-zone model is unable to explain all the variability. Instead, a model including a periodic component along with multiple emission zones is required.

    DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stae649

    Open Access

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  97. AstroPix4 — a novel HV-CMOS sensor developed for space based experiments Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Striebig N., Leys R., Peric I., Caputo R., Steinhebel A.L., Suda Y., Fukazawa Y., Jadhav M., Violette D., Kierans C., Tajima H., Metcalfe J., Perkins J.S.

    Journal of Instrumentation   Vol. 19 ( 4 )   2024.4

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Journal of Instrumentation  

    For the proposed space based gamma-ray observatory All-sky Medium-Energy Gamma-ray Observatory eXplorer (AMEGO-X), a silicon tracker based on a novel High Voltage-CMOS (HV-CMOS) sensor called AstroPix, is currently being developed. Preliminary measurements with the first full reticle prototype AstroPix3 show that the power target of 1.5 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> can currently not be reached due to the digital consumption of 3.08 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>, while the analog power consumption of 1.04 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> and a break down voltage of over 350 V look promising. Based on these results, the design changes in AstroPix4, submitted in May 2023, are presented, containing changes to the time stamp generation and readout architecture. A digital power consumption below 0.25 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> is expected by removing the fast 200 MHz clock used to measure the time-over-threshold (ToT) and an LVDS receiver. A maximum resolution of 3.125 ns for time-of-arrival (ToA) and ToT is reached by adding per-pixel Flash-Time-to-Digital Converter (TDCs) controlled by a global delay-locked loop (DLL).

    DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/19/04/C04010

    Open Access

    Scopus

  98. First characterization of the emission behavior of Mrk 421 from radio to very high-energy gamma rays with simultaneous X-ray polarization measurements Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe, S.; Abhir, J.; Acciari, V. A.; Agudo, I.; Aniello, T.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.; Arbet-Engels, A.; Arcaro, C.; Artero, M.; Asano, K.; Babić, A.; Baquero, A.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Batković, I.; Baxter, J.; Becerra González, J.; Bednarek, W.; Bernardini, E.; Bernete, J.; Berti, A.; Besenrieder, J.; Bigongiari, C.; Biland, A.; Blanch, O.; Bonnoli, G.; Bošnjak, Ž.; Burelli, I.; Busetto, G.; Campoy-Ordaz, A.; Carosi, A.; Carosi, R.; Carretero-Castrillo, M.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Ceribella, G.; Chai, Y.; Cifuentes, A.; Cikota, S.; Colombo, E.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Covino, S.; D'Ammando, F.; D'Amico, G.; D'Elia, V.; Da Vela, P.; Dazzi, F.; De Angelis, A.; De Lotto, B.; de Menezes, R.; Del Popolo, A.; Delgado, J.; Delgado Mendez, C.; Di Pierro, F.; Di Venere, L.; Dominis Prester, D.; Donini, A.; Dorner, D.; Doro, M.; Elsaesser, D.; Emery, G.; Escudero, J.; Fariña, L.; Fattorini, A.; Foffano, L.; Font, L.; Fröse, S.; Fukami, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; García López, R. J.; Garczarczyk, M.; Gasparyan, S.; Gaug, M.; Giesbrecht Paiva, J. G.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Gliwny, P.; Godinović, N.; Gradetzke, T.; Grau, R.; Green, D.; Green, J. G.; Günther, P.; Hadasch, D.; Hahn, A.; Hassan, T.; Heckmann, L.; Herrera, J.; Hrupec, D.; Hütten, M.; Imazawa, R.; Inada, T.; Ishio, K.; Jiménez Martínez, I.; Jormanainen, J.; Kerszberg, D.; Kluge, G. W.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kouch, P. M.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; Láinez Lezáun, M.; Lamastra, A.; Leone, F.; Lindfors, E.; Linhoff, L.; Lombardi, S.; Longo, F.; López-Coto, R.; López-Moya, M.; López-Oramas, A.; Loporchio, S.; Lorini, A.; Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B.; Majumdar, P.; Makariev, M.; Maneva, G.; Mang, N.; Manganaro, M.; Mangano, S.; Mannheim, K.; Mariotti, M.; Martínez, M.; Martínez-Chicharro, M.; Mas-Aguilar, A.; Mazin, D.; Menchiari, S.; Mender, S.; Miceli, D.; Miener, T.; Miranda, J. M.; Mirzoyan, R.; Molero González, M.; Molina, E.; Mondal, H. A.; Moralejo, A.; Morcuende, D.; Nakamori, T.; Nanci, C.; Nava, L.; Neustroev, V.; Nickel, L.; Nievas Rosillo, M.; Nigro, C.; Nikolić, L.; Nilsson, K.; Nishijima, K.; Njoh Ekoume, T.; Noda, K.; Nozaki, S.; Ohtani, Y.; Okumura, A.; Otero-Santos, J.; Paiano, S.; Palatiello, M.; Paneque, D.; Paoletti, R.; Paredes, J. M.; Pavlović, D.; Peresano, M.; Persic, M.; Pihet, M.; Pirola, G.; Podobnik, F.; Prada Moroni, P. G.; Prandini, E.; Principe, G.; Priyadarshi, C.; Rhode, W.; Ribó, M.; Rico, J.; Righi, C.; Sahakyan, N.; Saito, T.; Satalecka, K.; Saturni, F. G.; Schleicher, B.; Schmidt, K.; Schmuckermaier, F.; Schubert, J. L.; Schweizer, T.; Sciaccaluga, A.; Sitarek, J.; Sliusar, V.; Sobczynska, D.; Stamerra, A.; Strišković, J.; Strom, D.; Strzys, M.; Suda, Y.; Suutarinen, S.; Tajima, H.; Takahashi, M.; Takeishi, R.; Tavecchio, F.; Temnikov, P.; Terauchi, K.; Terzić, T.; & Teshima, M.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 684   page: A127   2024.4

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    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202347988

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    Scopus

  99. Performance and first measurements of the MAGIC stellar intensity interferometer Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe, S.; Abhir, J.; Acciari, V. A.; Aguasca-Cabot, A.; Agudo, I.; Aniello, T.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.; Arbet Engels, A.; Arcaro, C.; Artero, M.; Asano, K.; Babić, A.; Baquero, A.; de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A.; Batković, I.; Bautista, A.; Baxter, J.; González, J. Becerra, Bernardini, E.; Bernardos, M.; Bernete, J.; Berti, A.; Besenrieder, J.; Bigongiari, C.; Biland, A.; Blanch, O.; Bonnoli, G.; Bošnjak, Ž.; Burelli, I.; Busetto, G.; Campoy-Ordaz, A.; Carosi, A.; Carosi, R.; Carretero-Castrillo, M.; Ceribella, G.; Chai, Y.; Cifuentes, A.; Colombo, E.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Covino, S.; D'Amico, G.; D'Elia, V.; Da Vela, P.; Dazzi, F.; De Angelis, A.; De Lotto, B.; de Menezes, R.; Del Popolo, A.; Delfino, M.; Delgado, J.; Delgado Mendez, C.; Di Pierro, F.; Di Venere, L.; Dominis Prester, D.; Donini, A.; Dorner, D.; Doro, M.; Elsaesser, D.; Emery, G.; Escudero, J.; Fariña, L.; Fattorini, A.; Foffano, L.; Font, L.; Fröse, S.; Fukami, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; García López, R. J.; Garczarczyk, M.; Gasparyan, S.; Gaug, M.; Giesbrecht Paiva, J. G.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Gliwny, P.; Gradetzke, T.; Grau, R.; Green, D.; Green, J. G.; Günther, P.; Hadasch, D.; Hahn, A.; Hassan, T.; Heckmann, L.; Herrera, J.; Hrupec, D.; Hütten, M.; Imazawa, R.; Ishio, K.; Jiménez Martínez, I.; Jormanainen, J.; Kayanoki, T.; Kerszberg, D.; Kluge, G. W.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kouch, P. M.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; Láinez, M.; Lamastra, A.; Leone, F.; Lindfors, E.; Linhoff, L.; Lombardi, S.; Longo, F.; López-Coto, R.; López-Moya, M.; López-Oramas, A.; Loporchio, S.; Lorini, A.; Lyard, E.; Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B.; Majumdar, P.; Makariev, M.; Maneva, G.; Mang, N.; Manganaro, M.; Mangano, S.; Mannheim, K.; Mariotti, M.; Martínez, M.; Martínez-Chicharro, M.; Mas-Aguilar, A.; Mazin, D.; Menchiari, S.; Mender, S.; Miceli, D.; Miener, T.; Miranda, J. M.; Mirzoyan, R.; Molero González, M.; Molina, E.; Mondal, H. A.; Moralejo, A.; Morcuende, D.; Nakamori, T.; Nanci, C.; Neustroev, V.; Nickel, L.; Nievas Rosillo, M.; Nigro, C.; Nikolić, L.; Nilsson, K.; Nishijima, K.; Ekoume, T. Njoh, Noda, K.; Nozaki, S.; Ohtani, Y.; Okumura, A.; Otero-Santos, J.; Paiano, S.; Palatiello, M.; Paneque, D.; Paoletti, R.; Paredes, J. M.; Peresano, M.; Persic, M.; Pihet, M.; Pirola, G.; Podobnik, F.; Prada Moroni, P. G.; Prandini, E.; Principe, G.; Priyadarshi, C.; Rhode, W.; Ribó, M.; Rico, J.; Righi, C.; Sahakyan, N.; Saito, T.; Satalecka, K.; Saturni, F. G.; Schleicher, B.; Schmidt, K.; Schmuckermaier, F.; Schubert, J. L.; Schweizer, T.; Sciaccaluga, A.; Silvestri, G.; Sitarek, J.; Sliusar, V.; Sobczynska, D.; Spolon, A.; Stamerra, A.; Strišković, J.; Strom, D.; Strzys, M.; Suda, Y.; Surić, T.; Suutarinen, S.; Tajima, H.; Takahashi, M.; Takeishi, R.; Temnikov, P.; Terauchi, K.; Terzić, T.; & Teshima, M.

    Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society   Vol. 529 ( 4 ) page: 4387 - 4404   2024.4

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stae697

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  100. Silicon photomultipliers for the SST camera of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    D. Depaoli, J. Lapington, S. Leach, A. Okumura, I. Sofia, H. Tajima

    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment   Vol. 1060   2024.3

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2023.169047

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  101. Multi-year characterisation of the broad-band emission from the intermittent extreme BL Lac 1ES 2344+514 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe, H. et al.

    Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume   Vol. 682   page: A114   2024.2

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202347845

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  102. MAGIC detection of GRB 201216C at z = 1.1 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe H., Abe S., Acciari V.A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D’Amico G., D’Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera J., Hrupec D., Hütten M., Imazawa R., Inada T., Iotov R., Ishio K., Jiménez Martínez I., Jormanainen J., Kerszberg D., Kluge G.W., Kobayashi Y., Kouch P.M., Kubo H.

    Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society   Vol. 527 ( 3 ) page: 5856 - 5867   2024.1

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society  

    Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are explosive transient events occurring at cosmological distances, releasing a large amount of energy as electromagnetic radiation over several energy bands. We report the detection of the long GRB 201216C by the MAGIC telescopes. The source is located at z = 1.1 and thus it is the farthest one detected at very high energies. The emission above 70 GeV of GRB 201216C is modelled together with multiwavelength data within a synchrotron and synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) scenario. We find that SSC can explain the broad-band data well from the optical to the very-high-energy band. For the late-time radio data, a different component is needed to account for the observed emission. Differently from previous GRBs detected in the very-high-energy range, the model for GRB 201216C strongly favours a wind-like medium. The model parameters have values similar to those found in past studies of the afterglows of GRBs detected up to GeV energies.

    DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stad2958

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  103. A-STEP: The AstroPix Sounding Rocket Technology Demonstration Payload Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Violette D.P., Steinhebel A., Roy A., Boggs R., Caputo R., Durachka D., Fukazawa Y., Hashizume M., Hesh S., Jadhav M., Kierans C., Kumar K., Kushima S., Leys R., Metcalfe J., Metzler Z., Nakano N., Peric I., Perkins J., Seo L., Shin K.W.T., Striebig N., Suda Y., Tajima H.

    Proceedings of SPIE the International Society for Optical Engineering   Vol. 13093   2024

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Proceedings of SPIE the International Society for Optical Engineering  

    A next-generation medium-energy (100 keV to 100 MeV) gamma-ray observatory will greatly enhance the identification and characterization of multimessenger sources in the coming d ecade. Coupling gamma-ray spectroscopy, imaging, and polarization to neutrino and gravitational wave detections will develop our understanding of various astrophysical phenomena including compact object mergers, supernovae remnants, active galactic nuclei and gamma-ray bursts. An observatory operating in the MeV energy regime requires technologies that are capable of measuring Compton scattered photons and photons interacting via pair production. AstroPix is a monolithic high voltage CMOS active pixel sensor which enables future gamma-ray telescopes in this energy range. AstroPix's design is iterating towards low-power (∼1.5 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>), high spatial (500 µm pixel pitch) and spectral (<5 keV at 122 keV) tracking of photon and charged particle interactions. Stacking planar arrays of AstroPix sensors in three dimensions creates an instrument capable of reconstructing the trajectories and energies of incident gamma rays over large fields of v iew. A prototype multi-layered AstroPix instrument, called the AstroPix Sounding rocket Technology dEmonstration Payload (A-STEP), will test three layers of AstroPix “quad chips” in a suborbital rocket flight. These quad chips (2×2 joined AstroPix sensors) form the 4×4 c m<sup>2</sup> building block of future large area AstroPix instruments, such as ComPair-2 and AMEGO-X. This payload will be the first demonstration of AstroPix detectors operated in a space environment and will demonstrate the technology's readiness for future astrophysical and nuclear physics applications. In this work, we overview the design and state of development of the A-STEP payload.

    DOI: 10.1117/12.3020802

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  104. Development of a novel HV-CMOS active pixel sensor AstroPix for gamma-ray space telescopes Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Suda Y., Caputo R., Steinhebel A.L., Striebig N., Jadhav M., Fukazawa Y., Hashizume M., Kierans C., Leys R., Metcalfe J., Negro M., Nakano N., Perić I., Perkins J.S., Shin T., Tajima H., Violette D.

    Proceedings of SPIE the International Society for Optical Engineering   Vol. 13093   2024

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    All-sky medium-energy gamma-ray observations are essential to deepen our understanding of physics in high energy astronomical phenomena, and to further develop multi-messenger astronomy. Future all-sky MeV gamma-ray telescopes must have a large area detector and keep high sensitivities even in the energies in which Compton scattering is dominant. AMEGO-X is one of the proposed MeV gamma-ray missions and its gamma-ray detector consists of silicon trackers and calorimeters. In order to efficiently detect MeV photons and to have precise Compton reconstruction, the silicon sensors must be fully depleted (500 µm) and have a moderate position resolution (∼ 500 µm) with a good energy resolution (< 10% at 60 keV). On top of that, the power consumption of the silicon detector must be low (< 1.5 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>) given the required silicon area in the gamma-ray detector is huge (∼ 24 m<sup>2</sup>). We have been developing AstroPix, a high-voltage CMOS active pixel sensor, to fulfill such specifications. In this contribution, we report basic characterization of the third version of AstroPix chip (AstroPix3), such as I-V measurement, imaging capability, energy spectrum, and indirect depletion depth measurements using gamma-ray sources.

    DOI: 10.1117/12.3018170

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  105. ComPair-2: A Next-Generation Medium-Energy Gamma-ray Telescope Prototype Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Caputo R., Kierans C., Cannady N., Falcone A., Fukazawa Y., Jadhav M., Kerr M., Kirschner N., Kumar K., Laviron A., Leys R., McEnery J., Metcalfe J., Metzler Z., Miller N., Mitchell J., Parker L., Peric I., Perkins J., Phlips B., Racusin J., Sasaki M., Segal K.N., Shy D., Steinhebel A.L., Striebig N., Suda Y., Tajima H., Valverde J., Violette D.P., Woolf R., Zoglauer A.

    Proceedings of SPIE the International Society for Optical Engineering   Vol. 13093   2024

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    Many questions posed in the Astro2020 Decadal survey in both the New Messengers and New Physics and the Cosmic Ecosystems science themes require a gamma-ray mission with capabilities exceeding those of existing (e.g. Fermi, Swift) and planned (e.g. COSI) observatories. ComPair, the Compton Pair telescope, is a prototype of such a next-generation gamma-ray mission. It had its inaugural balloon flight from F t. Sumner, New Mexico in August 2023. To continue the goals of the ComPair project to develop technologies that will enable a future gamma-ray mission, the next generation of ComPair (ComPair-2) will be upgraded to increase the sensitivity and low-energy transient capabilities of the instrument. These advancements are enabled by AstroPix, a silicon monolithic active pixel sensor, in the tracker and custom dual-gain silicon photomultipliers and front-end electronics in the calorimeter. This effort builds on design work for the All-sky Medium Energy Gamma-ray Observatory eXplorer (AMEGO-X) concept that was submitted the 2021 MIDEX Announcement of Opportunity. Here we describe the ComPair-2 prototype design and integration and testing plans to advance the readiness level of these novel technologies.

    DOI: 10.1117/12.3017619

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  106. Performance of the MAGIC stellar intensity interferometer and expansion to MAGIC + CTAO-LST1 stellar intensity interferometer Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Cifuentes A., Acciari V.A., Barnes F., Chon G., Colombo E., Cortina J., Delgado C., Díaz C., Fiori M., Fink D., Hassan T., Martínez I.J., Jorge I., Kerszberg D., Lyard E., Martínez G., Mirzoyan R., Polo M., Produit N., Rodríguez-Vázquez J.J., Saha P., Schweizer T., Strom D., Walter R., Wunderlich C.W., Abe K., Abe S., Abhir J., Abhishek A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Engels A.A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Babić A., de Almeida U.B., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Bautista A., Baxter J., González J.B., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernete J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Bronzini E., Burelli I., Busetto G., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Contreras J.L., Covino S., D'Amico G., D'Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., de Menezes R., Delfino M., Delgado J., Mendez C.D., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Prester D.D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Escudero J., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Foffano L., Font L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., López R.J.G., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Paiva J.G.G.

    Proceedings of SPIE the International Society for Optical Engineering   Vol. 13095   2024

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    A new generation of optical intensity interferometers are emerging in recent years taking advantage of the existing infrastructure of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs). The MAGIC SII (Stellar Intensity Interferometer) in La Palma, Spain, has been operating since its first successful measurements in 2019 and its current design allows it to operate regularly. The current setup is ready to follow up on bright optical transients, as changing from regular gamma-ray observations to SII mode can be done in a matter of minutes. A paper studying the system performance, first measurements and future upgrades has been recently published. MAGIC SII's first scientific results are the measurement of the angular size of 22 stars, 13 of which with no previous measurements in the B band. More recently the Large Sized Telescope prototype from the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAOLST1) has been upgraded to operate together with MAGIC as a SII, leading to its first correlation measurements at the beginning of 2024. MAGIC+CTAO-LST1 SII will be further upgraded by adding the remaining CTAO-LSTs at the north site to the system (which are foreseen to be built by the end of 2025). MAGIC+CTAO-LST1 SII shows a feasible technical solution to extend SII to the whole CTAO.

    DOI: 10.1117/12.3016905

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  107. Status of the Small-Sized Telescopes programme for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Trois A., Dournaux J., Scuderi S., White R., Tagliaferri G., Proserpio L., Tosti G., Bruno P., Cailleux J., Conforti V., El Mouden A., De Frondat F., Gargano C., Germani S., Gianotti F., Giavitto G., Giordano V., Grassi L., Iovenitti S., Laporte P., La Palombara N., Lessio L., Leto G., Marchetti A., Millul R., Molfese C., Russo F., Saturni F., Sironi G., Antonelli A., Funk S., Hinton J., Pareschi G., Sol H., Able M., Attinà P., Barcelo M., Baryshev A., Chadwick P., Depaoli D., Einecke S., Lapington J., Lee S., Okumura A., Rol E., Rowell G., Schaefer J., Sofia I., Tajima H., Watson J., Wohlleben F., Zanmar Sanchez R., Zink A., Balbo M., Bang S., Bekema M., Bellassai G., Berge D., Bigongiari C., Bonnoli G., Brown A., Bulgarelli A., Cappi M., Caraveo P., Cotter G., Cristofari P., Falceta-Gonçalves D., De Gouveia Dal Pino E., De Simone N., del Valle M.V., Fermino C., Giuliani A., Greenshaw T., Kowal G., Lloyd S., Lombardi S., Lucarelli F., Martinetti E., Mineo T., Nayak A., Oughton W., Penno M., Righi C., Ross D., Rulten C., Santos-Lima R., Schwab B., Sliusar V., Stamerra A., Takahashi M., Tavecchio F., Vecchi M., Vercellone S., Vink J., Walter R., Zampieri L., Zech A.

    Proceedings of SPIE the International Society for Optical Engineering   Vol. 13094   2024

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    The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) will include telescopes of three different sizes, the smallest of which are the Small-Sized Telescopes (SSTs). In particular, the SSTs will be installed at the southern site of CTAO, on the Chilean Andes, and will cover the highest energy range of CTAO (up to ~300 TeV). The SSTs are developed by an international consortium of institutes that will provide them as an in-kind contribution to CTAO. The optical design of the SSTs is based on a Schwarzschild-Couder-like dual-mirror polynomial configuration, with a primary aperture of 4.3m diameter. They are equipped with a focal plane camera based on SiPM detectors covering a field of view of ~9°. The preliminary design of the SST telescopes was evaluated and approved during the Product Review (PR) organised with CTAO in February 2023. The SST project is now going through a consolidation phase leading to the finalisation and submission of the final design to the Critical Design Review (CDR), expected to occur late 2024, after which the production and construction of the telescopes will begin leading to a delivery of the telescopes to CTAO southern site starting at the end of 2025-early 2026 onward. In this contribution we will present the progress of the SST programme, including the results of the PDR, the consolidation phase of the project and the plan up to the on-site integration of the telescopes.

    DOI: 10.1117/12.3019790

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  108. The Third Fermi Large Area Telescope Catalog of Gamma-Ray Pulsars Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Smith, D. A. et al.

    Astrophysical Journal   Vol. 958 ( 2 ) page: 191   2023.12

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acee67

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  109. Performance of the joint LST-1 and MAGIC observations evaluated with Crab Nebula data Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe H., Abe K., Abe S., Acciari V.A., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alvarez Crespo N., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Aubert P., Baack D., Babić A., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres De Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernete Medrano J., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bhattacharjee P., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bošnjak , Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Buscemi M., Busetto G., Campoy Ordaz A., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Carosi R., Carrasco M.S., Carretero-Castrillo M., Cassol F., Castro-Tirado A.J., Cauz D., Cerasole D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Cifuentes A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cornelia A., Cortina J., Costantini H., Covino S., D'Amico G., D'Elia V., Da Vela P., Dalchenko M., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Bony De Lavergne M., De Lotto B., De Lucia M., De Menezes R., Del Peral L., Del Popolo A., Deleglise G., Delfino M., Delgado Mendez C., Delgado Mengual J., Della Volpe D., Dellaiera M., Depaoli D., Di Piano A., Di Pierro F., Di Pilato A., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 680   2023.12

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    Aims. Large-Sized Telescope 1 (LST-1), the prototype for the Large-Sized Telescope at the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory, is concluding its commissioning phase at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos on the island of La Palma. The proximity of LST-1 to the two MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov) telescopes makes it possible to carry out observations of the same gamma-ray events with both systems. Methods. We describe the joint LST-1+MAGIC analysis pipeline and used simultaneous Crab Nebula observations and Monte Carlo simulations to assess the performance of the three-telescope system. The addition of the LST-1 telescope allows for the recovery of events in which one of the MAGIC images is too dim to survive analysis quality cuts. Results. Thanks to the resulting increase in the collection area and stronger background rejection, we found a significant improvement in sensitivity, allowing for the detection of 30% weaker fluxes in the energy range between 200 GeV and 3 TeV. The spectrum of the Crab Nebula, reconstructed in the energy range between ∼60 GeV and ∼10 TeV, is in agreement with previous measurements.

    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202346927

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  110. Star tracking for pointing determination of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes: Application to the Large-Sized Telescope of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe K., Abe S., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Alvarez Crespo N., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Arbet-Engels A., Cornelia A., Artero M., Asano K., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres De Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernete Medrano J., Berti A., Bhattacharjee P., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Bissaldi E., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Burmistrov L., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Cassol F., Cauz D., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chiavassa A., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Cifuentes A., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., De Angelis A., De Bony De Lavergne M., De Lotto B., De Menezes R., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., Della Volpe D., Dellaiera M., Di Piano A., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fallah Ramazani V., Ferrara G., Ferrarotto F., Fiasson A., Freixas Coromina L., Fröse S., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Gasbarra C., Gasparrini D., Geyer D., Giesbrecht Paiva J., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Giro E., Gliwny P., Godinovic N., Grau R., Green D., Green J., Gunji S., Günther P., Hackfeld J., Hadasch D.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 679   2023.11

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    We present a novel approach to the determination of the pointing of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) using the trajectories of the stars in their camera s field of view. The method starts with the reconstruction of the star positions from the Cherenkov camera data, taking into account the point spread function of the telescope, to achieve a satisfying reconstruction accuracy of the pointing position. A simultaneous fit of all reconstructed star trajectories is then performed with the orthogonal distance regression (ODR) method. ODR allows us to correctly include the star position uncertainties and use the time as an independent variable. Having the time as an independent variable in the fit makes it better suitable for various star trajectories. This method can be applied to any IACT and requires neither specific hardware nor interface or special data-taking mode. In this paper, we use the Large-Sized Telescope (LST) data to validate it as a useful tool to improve the determination of the pointing direction during regular data taking. The simulation studies show that the accuracy and precision of the method are comparable with the design requirements on the pointing accuracy of the LST (=14''). With the typical LST event acquisition rate of 10 kHz, the method can achieve up to 50 Hz pointing monitoring rate, compared to O(1) Hz achievable with standard techniques. The application of the method to the LST prototype (LST-1) commissioning data shows the stable pointing performance of the telescope.

    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202347128

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  111. Observations of the Crab Nebula and Pulsar with the Large-sized Telescope Prototype of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    The Astrophysical Journal   Vol. 956 ( 2 ) page: 80   2023.10

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ace89d

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  112. Fermi-GBM Discovery of GRB 221009A: An Extraordinarily Bright GRB from Onset to Afterglow Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Lesage, S. et al.

    The Astrophysical Journal Letters   Vol. 952 ( 2 ) page: L42   2023.8

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    DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ace5b4

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  113. Sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array to spectral signatures of hadronic PeVatrons with application to Galactic Supernova Remnants Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Acero F., Acharyya A., Adam R., Aguasca-Cabot A., Agudo I., Aguirre-Santaella A., Alfaro J., Aloisio R., Crespo N.Á., Batista R.A., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrosi G., Angüner E.O., Aramo C., Arcaro C., Armstrong T., Asano K., Ascasibar Y., Aschersleben J., Backes M., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballet J., Larriva A.B., Martins V.B., de Almeida U.B., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Baxter J.R., Tjus J.B., Benbow W., Bernardos-Martín M.I., Bernete J., Berti A., Bertucci B., Beshley V., Bhattacharjee P., Bhattacharyya S., Biland A., Bissaldi E., Biteau J., Blanch O., Bordas P., Bottacini E., Bregeon J., Brose R., Bucciantini N., Bulgarelli A., Capasso M., Dolcetta R.A.C., Caraveo P., Cardillo M., Carosi R., Casanova S., Cascone E., Cassol F., Catalani F., Cerruti M., Chadwick P., Chaty S., Chen A., Chernyakova M., Chiavassa A., Chudoba J., Coimbra-Araujo C., Conforti V., Contreras J.L., Costa A., Costantini H., Cristofari P., Crocker R., D'Amico G., D'Ammando F., De Angelis A., De Caprio V., de Gouveia Dal Pino E.M., de Ona Wilhelmi E., de Souza V., Delgado C., della Volpe D., Depaoli D., Di Girolamo T., Di Pierro F., Di Tria R., Di Venere L., Diebold S., Djuvsland J.I., Donini A., Doro M., Dos Anjos R.D.C., Dwarkadas V.V., Einecke S., Elsässer D., Emery G., Evoli C., Falceta-Goncalves D., Fedorova E., Fegan S.

    Astroparticle Physics   Vol. 150   2023.8

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    The local Cosmic Ray (CR) energy spectrum exhibits a spectral softening at energies around 3 PeV. Sources which are capable of accelerating hadrons to such energies are called hadronic PeVatrons. However, hadronic PeVatrons have not yet been firmly identified within the Galaxy. Several source classes, including Galactic Supernova Remnants (SNRs), have been proposed as PeVatron candidates. The potential to search for hadronic PeVatrons with the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is assessed. The focus is on the usage of very high energy γ-ray spectral signatures for the identification of PeVatrons. Assuming that SNRs can accelerate CRs up to knee energies, the number of Galactic SNRs which can be identified as PeVatrons with CTA is estimated within a model for the evolution of SNRs. Additionally, the potential of a follow-up observation strategy under moonlight conditions for PeVatron searches is investigated. Statistical methods for the identification of PeVatrons are introduced, and realistic Monte-Carlo simulations of the response of the CTA observatory to the emission spectra from hadronic PeVatrons are performed. Based on simulations of a simplified model for the evolution for SNRs, the detection of a γ-ray signal from in average 9 Galactic PeVatron SNRs is expected to result from the scan of the Galactic plane with CTA after 10 h of exposure. CTA is also shown to have excellent potential to confirm these sources as PeVatrons in deep observations with O(100) hours of exposure per source.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2023.102850

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  114. Multimessenger Characterization of Markarian 501 during Historically Low X-Ray and γ-Ray Activity Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe, H. et al.

      Vol. 266 ( 2 ) page: 37   2023.6

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/acc181

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  115. AstroPix: CMOS pixels in space Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Steinhebel A.L., Caputo R., Fleischhack H., Striebig N., Jadhav M., Suda Y., Luz R., Violette D., Kierans C., Tajima H., Fukazawa Y., Leys R., Perić I., Metcalfe J., Negro M., Perkins J.S.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 420   2023.5

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Proceedings of Science  

    Space-based gamma-ray telescopes such as the Fermi Large Area Telescope have used single sided silicon strip detectors to measure the position of charged particles produced by incident gamma rays with high resolution. At energies in the Compton regime and below, two dimensional position information within a single detector is required. Double sided silicon strip detectors are one option; however, this technology is difficult to fabricate and large arrays are susceptible to noise. This work outlines the development and implementation of monolithic CMOS active pixel silicon sensors, AstroPix, for use in future gamma-ray telescopes. Based upon detectors designed using the HVCMOS process at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, AstroPix has the potential to maintain the high energy and angular resolution required of a medium-energy gamma-ray telescope while reducing noise with the dual detection-and-readout capabilities of a CMOS chip. The status of AstroPix development and testing as well as outlook for application in future telescopes is presented.

    DOI: 10.22323/1.420.0020

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  116. Multiwavelength study of the galactic PeVatron candidate LHAASO J2108+5157 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe, S. et al.

    Astronomy & Astrophysics   Vol. 673   page: A75   2023.5

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    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202245086

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  117. The Fermi-LAT Lightcurve Repository Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abdollahi, S. et al.

    The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series   Vol. 265 ( 2 ) page: 31   2023.4

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/acbb6a

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  118. Studies of propagation mechanism of optical crosstalk in silicon photomultipliers Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    H. Tajima, A. Okumura, K. Furuta

    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment   Vol. 1049   2023.4

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2023.168029

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  119. MAGIC observations provide compelling evidence of hadronic multi-TeV emission from the putative PeVatron SNR G106.3+2.7 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe H., Abe S., Acciari V.A., Agudo I., Aniello T., Ansoldi S., Antonelli L.A., Arbet Engels A., Arcaro C., Artero M., Asano K., Baack D., Babić A., Baquero A., Barres De Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batković I., Baxter J., Becerra González J., Bednarek W., Bernardini E., Bernardos M., Berti A., Besenrieder J., Bhattacharyya W., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bošnjak , Burelli I., Busetto G., Carosi R., Carretero-Castrillo M., Castro-Tirado A.J., Ceribella G., Chai Y., Chilingarian A., Cikota S., Colombo E., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Covino S., D'Amico G., D'Elia V., Da Vela P., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., De Lotto B., Del Popolo A., Delfino M., Delgado J., Delgado Mendez C., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Do Souto Espiñeira E., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaesser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fallah Ramazani V., Fariña L., Fattorini A., Font L., Fruck C., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., García López R.J., Garczarczyk M., Gasparyan S., Gaug M., Giesbrecht Paiva J.G., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinović N., Grau R., Green D., Green J.G., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Heckmann L., Herrera J., Hrupec D., Hütten M., Imazawa R., Inada T., Iotov R., Ishio K., Jiménez Martínez I., Jormanainen J., Kerszberg D., Kobayashi Y., Kubo H., Kushida J.

    Astronomy and Astrophysics   Vol. 671   2023.3

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    Context. Certain types of supernova remnants (SNRs) in our Galaxy are assumed to be PeVatrons, capable of accelerating cosmic rays (CRs) to ∼ PeV energies. However, conclusive observational evidence for this has not yet been found. The SNR G106.3+2.7, detected at 1- 100 TeV energies by different γ-ray facilities, is one of the most promising PeVatron candidates. This SNR has a cometary shape, which can be divided into a head and a tail region with different physical conditions. However, in which region the 100 TeV emission is produced has not yet been identified because of the limited position accuracy and/or angular resolution of existing observational data. Additionally, it remains unclear as to whether the origin of the γ-ray emission is leptonic or hadronic. Aims. With the better angular resolution provided by new MAGIC data compared to earlier γ-ray datasets, we aim to reveal the acceleration site of PeV particles and the emission mechanism by resolving the SNR G106.3+2.7 with 0.1 resolution at TeV energies. Methods. We observed the SNR G106.3+2.7 using the MAGIC telescopes for 121.7 h in total - after quality cuts - between May 2017 and August 2019. The analysis energy threshold is ∼0.2 TeV, and the angular resolution is 0.07-0.1. We examined the γ-ray spectra of different parts of the emission, whilst benefitting from the unprecedented statistics and angular resolution at these energies provided by our new data. We also used measurements at other wavelengths such as radio, X-rays, GeV γ-rays, and 10 TeV γ-rays to model the emission mechanism precisely. Results. We detect extended γ-ray emission spatially coincident with the radio continuum emission at the head and tail of SNR G106.3+2.7. The fact that we detect a significant γ-ray emission with energies above 6.0 TeV from only the tail region suggests that the emissions above 10 TeV detected with air shower experiments (Milagro, HAWC, Tibet ASγ and LHAASO) are emitted only from the SNR tail. Under this assumption, the multi-wavelength spectrum of the head region can be explained with either hadronic or leptonic models, while the leptonic model for the tail region is in contradiction with the emission above 10 TeV and X-rays. In contrast, the hadronic model could reproduce the observed spectrum at the tail by assuming a proton spectrum with a cutoff energy of ∼1 PeV for that region. Such high-energy emission in this middle-aged SNR (4-10 kyr) can be explained by considering a scenario where protons escaping from the SNR in the past interact with surrounding dense gases at present. Conclusions. The γ-ray emission region detected with the MAGIC telescopes in the SNR G106.3+2.7 is extended and spatially coincident with the radio continuum morphology. The multi-wavelength spectrum of the emission from the tail region suggests proton acceleration up to ∼PeV, while the emission mechanism of the head region could either be hadronic or leptonic.

    DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202244931

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  120. The Fourth Catalog of Active Galactic Nuclei Detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope: Data Release 3 Reviewed

    Ajello M., Baldini L., Ballet J., Bastieri D., Gonzalez J. Becerra, Bellazzini R., Berretta A., Bissaldi E., Bonino R., Brill A., Bruel P., Buson S., Caputo R., Caraveo P. A., Cheung C. C., Chiaro G., Cibrario N., Ciprini S., Crnogorcevic M., Cutini S., D'Ammando F., De Gaetano S., Di Lalla N., Di Venere L., Dominguez A., Ramazani V. Fallah, Ferrara E. C., Fiori A., Fukazawa Y., Funk S., Fusco P., Gammaldi V, Gargano F., Garrappa S., Gasparrini D., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Giroletti M., Green D., Grenier I. A., Guiriec S., Horan D., Hou X., Kayanoki T., Kuss M., Larsson S., Latronico L., Lewis T., Li J., Liodakis I, Longo F., Loparco F., Lott B., Lovellette M. N., Lubrano P., Madejski G. M., Maldera S., Manfreda A., Marti-Devesa G., Mazziotta M. N., Mereu I, Michelson P. F., Mirabal N., Mitthumsiri W., Mizuno T., Monzani M. E., Morselli A., Moskalenko I. V, Negro M., Ojha R., Orienti M., Orlando E., Ormes J. F., Pei Z., Pena-Herazo H., Persic M., Pesce-Rollins M., Petrosian V, Pillera R., Poon H., Porter T. A., Principe G., Raino S., Rando R., Rani B., Razzano M., Razzaque S., Reimer A., Reimer O., Scotton L., Serini D., Sgro C., Siskind E. J., Spandre G., Spinelli P., Suson D. J., Tajima H., Torres D. F., Valverde J., Yassin H., Zaharijas G.

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES   Vol. 263 ( 2 )   2022.12

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365

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  121. Gamma-ray observations of MAXI J1820+070 during the 2018 outburst Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abe, H; Abe, S; Acciari, VA; Aniello, T; Ansoldi, S; Antonelli, LA; Engels, AA; Arcaro, C; Artero, M; Asano, K; Baack, D; Babic, A; Baquero, A; de Almeida, UB; Barrio, JA; Batkovic, ; Baxter, J; González, JB; Bednarek, W; Bernardini, E; Bernardos, M; Berti, A; Besenrieder, J; Bhattacharyya, W; Bigongiari, C; Biland, A; Blanch, O; Bonnoli, G; Bosnjak, Z; Burelli, ; Busetto, G; Carosi, R; Carretero-Castrillo, M; Ceribella, G; Chai, Y; Chilingarian, A; Cikota, S; Colombo, E; Contreras, JL; Cortina, J; Covino, S; D'Amico, G; D'Elia, ; Da Vela, P; Dazzi, F; De Angelis, A; De Lotto, B; Del Popolo, A; Delfino, M; Delgado, J; Mendez, CD; Depaoli, D; Di Pierro, F; Di Venere, L; Prester, DD; Donini, A; Dorner, D; Doro, M; Elsaesser, D; Emery, G; Ramazani, VF; Fariña, L; Fattorini, A; Font, L; Fruck, C; Fukami, S; Fukazawa, Y; López, RJG; Garczarczyk, M; Gasparyan, S; Gaug, M; Paiva, JGG; Giglietto, N; Giordano, F; Gliwny, P; Godinovic, N; Grau, R; Green, D; Green, JG; Hadasch, D; Hahn, A; Hassan, T; Heckmann, L; Herrera, J; Hoang, J; Hrupec, D; Hütten, M; Imazawa, R; Inada, T; Iotov, R; Ishio, K; Martínez, IJ; Jormanainen, J; Kerszberg, D; Kobayashi, Y; Kubo, H; Kushida, J; Lamastra, A; Lelas, D; Leone, F; Lindfors, E; Linhoff, L; Lombardi, S; Longo, F; López-Coto, R; López-Moya, M; López-Oramas, A; Loporchio, S; Lorini, A; Lyard, E; Fraga, BMD; Majumdar, P; Makariev, M; Maneva, G; Mang, N; Manganaro, M; Mangano, S; Mannheim, K; Mariotti, M; Martínez, M; Aguilar, AM; Mazin, D; Menchiari, S; Mender, S; Micanovic, S; Miceli, D; Miener, T; Miranda, JM; Mirzoyan, R; Molina, E; Mondal, HA; Moralejo, A; Morcuende, D; Moreno, ; Nakamori, T; Nanci, C; Nava, L; Neustroev, ; Rosillo, MN; Nigro, C; Nilsson, K; Nishijima, K; Ekoume, TN; Noda, K; Nozaki, S; Ohtani, Y; Oka, T; Okumura, A; Otero-Santos, J; Paiano, S; Palatiello, M; Paneque, D; Paoletti, R; Paredes, JM; Pavletic, L; Persic, M; Pihet, M; Pirola, G; Podobnik, F; Moroni, PGP; Prandini, E; Principe, G; Priyadarshi, C; Puljak, ; Rhode, W; Ribó, M; Rico, J; Righi, C; Rugliancich, A; Sahakyan, N; Saito, T; Sakurai, S; Satalecka, K; Saturni, FG; Schleicher, B; Schmidt, K; Schmuckermaier, F; Schubert, JL; Schweizer, T; Sitarek, J; Sliusar, ; Sobczynska, D; Spolon, A; Stamerra, A; Striskovic, J; Strom, D; Strzys, M; Suda, Y; Suric, T; Tajima, H; Takahashi, M; Takeishi, R; Tavecchio, F; Temnikov, P; Terauchi, K; Terzic, T; Teshima, M; Tosti, L; Truzzi, S; Tutone, A; Ubach, S; van Scherpenberg, J; Acosta, MV; Ventura, S; Verguilov, V; Viale, ; Vigorito, CF; Vitale, V; Vovk, ; Walter, R; Will, M; Wunderlich, C; Yamamoto, T; Zaric, D; Abdalla, H; Aharonian, F; Benkhali, FA; Angüner, EO; Ashkar, H; Backes, M; Baghmanyan, ; Martins, VB; Batzofin, R; Becherini, Y; Berge, D; Bernlöhr, K; Böttcher, M; Boisson, C; Bolmont, J; de Lavergne, MD; Bradascio, F; Breuhaus, M; Brose, R; Brun, F; Bulik, T; Bylund, T; Cangemi, F; Caroff, S; Casanova, S; Cerruti, M; Chand, T; Chandra, S; Chen, A; Chibueze, OU; Cotter, G; Cristofari, P; Mbarubucyeye, JD; Devin, J; Djannati-Ataï, A; Dmytriiev, A; Egberts, K; Ernenwein, JP; Fiasson, A; de Clairfontaine, GF; Fontaine, G; Füssling, M; Funk, S; Gabici, S; Ghafourizadeh, S; Giavitto, G; Glawion, D; Glicenstein, JF; Goswami, P; Grolleron, G; Hinton, JA; Hörbe, M; Hoischen, C; Holch, TL; Holler, M; Horns, D; Huang, ZQ; Jamrozy, M; Jankowsky, F; Joshi, ; Jung-Richardt, ; Kasai, E; Katarzynski, K; Katz, U; Khélifi, B; Kluzniak, W; Komin, N; Kosack, K; Kostunin, D; Lang, RG; Le Stum, S; Lemière, A; Lemoine-Goumard, M; Lenain, JP; Leuschner, F; Lohse, T; Luashvili, A; Lypova, ; Mackey, J; Majumdar, J; Malyshev, D; Malyshev, D; Marandon, ; Marchegiani, P; Martí-Devesa, G; Marx, R; Maurin, G; Meyer, M; Mitchell, A; Moderski, R; Mohrmann, L; Montanari, A; Moulin, E; Muller, J; Murach, T; Nakashima, K; de Naurois, M; Nayerhoda, A; Niemiec, J; Noel, AP; O'Brien, P; Ohm, S; Olivera-Nieto, L; Wilhelmi, ED; Ostrowski, M; Panny, S; Panter, M; Parsons, RD; Poireau, ; Prokhorov, DA; Prokoph, H; Pühlhofer, G; Punch, M; Quirrenbach, A; Reichherzer, P; Reimer, A; Reimer, O; Renaud, M; Rieger, F; Rowell, G; Rudak, B; Ricarte, HR; Ruiz-Velasco, E; Sahakian, ; Salzmann, H; Santangelo, A; Sasaki, M; Schäfer, J; Schüssler, F; Schutte, HM; Schwanke, U; Shapopi, JNS; Sol, H; Specovius, A; Spencer, S; Stawarz, L; Steenkamp, R; Steinmassl, S; Steppa, C; Sushch, ; Suzuki, H; Takahashi, T; Tanaka, T; Thorpe-Morgan, C; Tluczykont, M; Tomankova, L; Tsuji, N; Uchiyama, Y; van Eldik, C; van Soelen, B; Vecchi, M; Veh, J; Venter, C; Vink, J; Wagner, SJ; White, R; Wierzcholska, A; Wong, YW; Yusafzai, A; Zacharias, M; Zanin, R; Zargaryan, D; Zdziarski, AA; Zech, A; Zhu, SJ; Zouari, S; Zywucka, N; Acharyya, A; Adams, CB; Batista, P; Benbow, W; Capasso, M; Christiansen, JL; Chromey, AJ; Errando, M; Falcone, A; Feng, Q; Finley, JP; Foote, GM; Fortson, L; Furniss, A; Gent, A; Hanlon, WE; Hervet, O; Holder, J; Hona, B; Humensky, TB; Jin, W; Kaaret, P; Kertzman, M; Kherlakian, M; Kleiner, TK; Kumar, S; Lang, MJ; Lundy, M; Maier, G; McGrath, CE; Millis, J; Moriarty, P; Mukherjee, R; O'Brien, S; Ong, RA; Park, N; Patel, SR; Pfrang, K; Pohl, M; Pueschel, E; Quinn, J; Ragan, K; Reynolds, PT; Ribeiro, D; Roache, E; Ryan, JL; Sadeh, ; Saha, L; Santander, M; Sembroski, GH; Shang, R; Splettstoesser, M; Tak, D; Tucci, J; Weinstein, A; Williams, DA; Williamson, TJ; Bosch-Ramon, ; Celma, C; Linares, M; Russell, DM; Sala, G

    MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY   Vol. 517 ( 4 ) page: 4736 - 4751   2022.12

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    MAXI J1820+070 is a low-mass X-ray binary with a black hole (BH) as a compact object. This binary underwent an exceptionally bright X-ray outburst from 2018 March to October, showing evidence of a non-thermal particle population through its radio emission during this whole period. The combined results of 59.5 h of observations of the MAXI J1820+070 outburst with the H.E.S.S., MAGIC and VERITAS experiments at energies above 200 GeV are presented, together with Fermi-LAT data between 0.1 and 500 GeV, and multiwavelength observations from radio to X-rays. Gamma-ray emission is not detected from MAXI J1820+070, but the obtained upper limits and the multiwavelength data allow us to put meaningful constraints on the source properties under reasonable assumptions regarding the non-thermal particle population and the jet synchrotron spectrum. In particular, it is possible to show that, if a high-energy (HE) gamma-ray emitting region is present during the hard state of the source, its predicted flux should be at most a factor of 20 below the obtained Fermi-LAT upper limits, and closer to them for magnetic fields significantly below equipartition. During the state transitions, under the plausible assumption that electrons are accelerated up to ∼500 GeV, the multiwavelength data and the gamma-ray upper limits lead consistently to the conclusion that a potential HE and very-HE gamma-ray emitting region should be located at a distance from the BH ranging between 1011 and 1013 cm. Similar outbursts from low-mass X-ray binaries might be detectable in the near future with upcoming instruments such as CTA.

    DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac2686

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  122. All-sky Medium Energy Gamma-ray Observatory eXplorer mission concept Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Caputo R., Ajello M., Kierans C.A., Perkins J.S., Racusin J.L., Baldini L., Baring M.G., Bissaldi E., Burns E., Cannady N., Charles E., Da Silva R.M.C., Fang K., Fleischhack H., Fryer C., Fukazawa Y., Grove J.E., Hartmann D., Howell E.J., Jadhav M., Karwin C.M., Kocevski D., Kurahashi N., Latronico L., Lewis T.R., Leys R., Lien A., Marcotulli L., Martinez-Castellanos I., Mazziotta M.N., McEnery J., Metcalfe J., Murase K., Negro M., Parker L., Phlips B., Prescod-Weinstein C., Razzaque S., Shawhan P.S., Sheng Y., Shutt T.A., Shy D., Sleator C., Steinhebel A.L., Striebig N., Suda Y., Tak D., Tajima H., Valverde J., Venters T.M., Wadiasingh Z., Woolf R.S., Wulf E.A., Zhang H., Zoglauer A.

    Journal of Astronomical Telescopes Instruments and Systems   Vol. 8 ( 4 )   2022.10

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Journal of Astronomical Telescopes Instruments and Systems  

    The All-sky Medium Energy Gamma-ray Observatory eXplorer (AMEGO-X) is designed to identify and characterize gamma rays from extreme explosions and accelerators. The main science themes include supermassive black holes and their connections to neutrinos and cosmic rays; binary neutron star mergers and the relativistic jets they produce; cosmic ray particle acceleration sources including galactic supernovae; continuous monitoring of other astrophysical events and sources over the full sky in this important energy range. AMEGO-X will probe the medium energy gamma-ray band using a single instrument with sensitivity up to an order of magnitude greater than previous telescopes in the energy range 100 keV to 1 GeV that can be only realized in space. During its 3-year baseline mission, AMEGO-X will observe nearly the entire sky every two orbits, building up a sensitive all-sky map of gamma-ray sources and emissions. AMEGO-X was submitted in the recent 2021 NASA MIDEX announcement of opportunity.

    DOI: 10.1117/1.JATIS.8.4.044003

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  123. Search for New Cosmic-Ray Acceleration Sites within the 4FGL Catalog Galactic Plane Sources Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abdollahi, S; Acero, F; Ackermann, M; Baldini, L; Ballet, J; Barbiellini, G; Bastieri, D; Bellazzini, R; Berenji, B; Berretta, A; Bissaldi, E; Blandford, RD; Bonino, R; Bruel, P; Buson, S; Cameron, RA; Caputo, R; Caraveo, PA; Castro, D; Chiaro, G; Cibrario, N; Ciprini, S; Coronado-Blázquez, J; Crnogorcevic, M; Cutini, S; D'Ammando, F; De Gaetano, S; Di Lalla, N; Dirirsa, F; Di Venere, L; Domínguez, A; Fegan, SJ; Fiori, A; Fleischhack, H; Franckowiak, A; Fukazawa, Y; Fusco, P; Gammaldi, ; Gargano, F; Gasparrini, D; Giacchino, F; Giglietto, N; Giordano, F; Giroletti, M; Glanzman, T; Green, D; Grenier, IA; Grondin, MH; Guiriec, S; Gustafsson, M; Harding, AK; Hays, E; Hewitt, JW; Horan, D; Hou, X; Jóhannesson, G; Kayanoki, T; Kerr, M; Kuss, M; Larsson, S; Latronico, L; Lemoine-Goumard, M; Li, J; Longo, F; Loparco, F; Lubrano, P; Maldera, S; Malyshev, D; Manfreda, A; Martí-Devesa, G; Mazziotta, MN; Mereu, ; Michelson, PF; Mirabal, N; Mitthumsiri, W; Mizuno, T; Monzani, ME; Morselli, A; Moskalenko, I; Nuss, E; Omodei, N; Orienti, M; Orlando, E; Ormes, JF; Paneque, D; Pei, Z; Persic, M; Pesce-Rollins, M; Pillera, R; Poon, H; Porter, TA; Principe, G; Rainò, S; Rando, R; Rani, B; Razzano, M; Razzaque, S; Reimer, A; Reimer, O; Reposeur, T; Sánchez-Conde, M; Parkinson, PMS; Scotton, L; Serini, D; Sgrò, C; Siskind, EJ; Spandre, G; Spinelli, P; Sueoka, K; Suson, DJ; Tajima, H; Tak, D; Thayer, JB; Torres, DF; Troja, E; Valverde, J; Wadiasingh, Z; Wood, K; Zaharijas, G

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL   Vol. 933 ( 2 )   2022.7

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    Cosmic rays are mostly composed of protons accelerated to relativistic speeds. When those protons encounter interstellar material, they produce neutral pions, which in turn decay into gamma-rays. This offers a compelling way to identify the acceleration sites of protons. A characteristic hadronic spectrum, with a low-energy break around 200 MeV, was detected in the gamma-ray spectra of four supernova remnants (SNRs), IC 443, W44, W49B, and W51C, with the Fermi Large Area Telescope. This detection provided direct evidence that cosmic-ray protons are (re-)accelerated in SNRs. Here, we present a comprehensive search for low-energy spectral breaks among 311 4FGL catalog sources located within 5° from the Galactic plane. Using 8 yr of data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope between 50 MeV and 1 GeV, we find and present the spectral characteristics of 56 sources with a spectral break confirmed by a thorough study of systematic uncertainty. Our population of sources includes 13 SNRs for which the proton-proton interaction is enhanced by the dense target material; the high-mass gamma-ray binary LS I+61 303; the colliding wind binary η Carinae; and the Cygnus star-forming region. This analysis better constrains the origin of the gamma-ray emission and enlarges our view to potential new cosmic-ray acceleration sites.

    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac704f

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  124. Incremental Fermi Large Area Telescope Fourth Source Catalog Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abdollahi, S; Acero, F; Baldini, L; Ballet, J; Bastieri, D; Bellazzini, R; Berenji, B; Berretta, A; Bissaldi, E; Blandford, RD; Bloom, E; Bonino, R; Brill, A; Britto, RJ; Bruel, P; Burnett, TH; Buson, S; Cameron, RA; Caputo, R; Caraveo, PA; Castro, D; Chaty, S; Cheung, CC; Chiaro, G; Cibrario, N; Ciprini, S; Coronado-Blázquez, J; Crnogorcevic, M; Cutini, S; D'Ammando, F; De Gaetano, S; Digel, SW; Di Lalla, N; Dirirsa, F; Di Venere, L; Domínguez, A; Ramazani, VF; Fegan, SJ; Ferrara, EC; Fiori, A; Fleischhack, H; Franckowiak, A; Fukazawa, Y; Funk, S; Fusco, P; Galanti, G; Gammaldi, V; Gargano, F; Garrappa, S; Gasparrini, D; Giacchino, F; Giglietto, N; Giordano, F; Giroletti, M; Glanzman, T; Green, D; Grenier, IA; Grondin, MH; Guillemot, L; Guiriec, S; Gustafsson, M; Harding, AK; Hays, E; Hewitt, JW; Horan, D; Hou, X; Jóhannesson, G; Karwin, C; Kayanoki, T; Kerr, M; Kuss, M; Landriu, D; Larsson, S; Latronico, L; Lemoine-Goumard, M; Li, J; Liodakis, I; Longo, F; Loparco, F; Lott, B; Lubrano, P; Maldera, S; Malyshev, D; Manfreda, A; Martí-Devesa, G; Mazziotta, MN; Mereu, I; Meyer, M; Michelson, PF; Mirabal, N; Mitthumsiri, W; Mizuno, T; Moiseev, AA; Monzani, ME; Morselli, A; Moskalenko, IV; Negro, M; Nuss, E; Omodei, N; Orienti, M; Orlando, E; Paneque, D; Pei, Z; Perkins, JS; Persic, M; Pesce-Rollins, M; Petrosian, V; Pillera, R; Poon, H; Porter, TA; Principe, G; Rainò, S; Rando, R; Rani, B; Razzano, M; Razzaque, S; Reimer, A; Reimer, O; Reposeur, T; Sánchez-Conde, M; Parkinson, PMS; Scotton, L; Serini, D; Sgrò, C; Siskind, EJ; Smith, DA; Spandre, G; Spinelli, P; Sueoka, K; Suson, DJ; Tajima, H; Tak, D; Thayer, JB; Thompson, DJ; Torres, DF; Troja, E; Valverde, J; Wood, K; Zaharijas, G

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES   Vol. 260 ( 2 )   2022.6

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    We present an incremental version (4FGL-DR3, for Data Release 3) of the fourth Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) catalog of 3-ray sources. Based on the first 12 years of science data in the energy range from 50 MeV to 1 TeV, it contains 6658 sources. The analysis improves on that used for the 4FGL catalog over eight years of data: more sources are fit with curved spectra, we introduce a more robust spectral parameterization for pulsars, and we extend the spectral points to 1 TeV. The spectral parameters, spectral energy distributions, and associations are updated for all sources. Light curves are rebuilt for all sources with 1 yr intervals (not 2 month intervals). Among the 5064 original 4FGL sources, 16 were deleted, 112 are formally below the detection threshold over 12 yr (but are kept in the list), while 74 are newly associated, 10 have an improved association, and seven associations were withdrawn. Pulsars are split explicitly between young and millisecond pulsars. Pulsars and binaries newly detected in LAT sources, as well as more than 100 newly classified blazars, are reported. We add three extended sources and 1607 new point sources, mostly just above the detection threshold, among which eight are considered identified, and 699 have a plausible counterpart at other wavelengths. We discuss the degree-scale residuals to the global sky model and clusters of soft unassociated point sources close to the Galactic plane, which are possibly related to limitations of the interstellar emission model and missing extended sources.

    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ac6751

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  125. Active Galactic Nuclei population studies with the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed Open Access

    Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Agudo I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Aschersleben J., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P., Barbier C., Barbosa Martins V., Barcelo M., Barkov M., Barnard M., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Batista P.I., Batkovic I., Bauer C., Bautista-González R., Baxter J., Becciani U., Becerra González J., Becherini Y., Beck G., Becker Tjus J., Bednarek W., Belfiore A., Bellizzi L., Belmont R., Benbow W., Berge D., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernlöhr K., Berti A.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) observatory is the next generation of ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs). Building on the strengths of current IACTs, CTA is designed to achieve an order of magnitude improvement in sensitivity, with unprecedented angular and energy resolution. CTA will also increase the energy reach of IACTs, observing photons in the energy range from 20 GeV to beyond 100 TeV. These advances in performance will see CTA heralding in a new era for high-energy astrophysics, with the emphasis shifting from source discovery, to population studies and precision measurements. In this talk we discuss CTA’s ability to conduct source population studies of γ-ray bright active galactic nuclei and how this ability will enhance our understanding on the redshift evolution of this dominant γ-ray source class.

    DOI: 10.22323/1.395.0887

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  126. Commissioning of the camera of the first Large Size Telescope of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed Open Access

    Saito T., Delgado C., Blanch O., Artero M., Barrio J.A., Cassol F., Diaz C., Hadasch D., Hoffmann D., Houles J., Inome Y., Iori M., Jouvin L., Kerszberg D., Kobayashi Y., Kubo H., Martinez G., Mazin D., Moretti E., Nakamori T., Nozaki S., Oka T., Okumura A., Palatiello M., Polo M., Prast J., Sakurai S., Sunada Y., Takahashi M., Takeishi R., Tejedor L.A., Yamamoto T., Yoshida T., Abe H., Aguasca A., Agudo I., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Armstrong T., Asano K., Ashkar H., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Batkovic I., Becerra González J., Bernardos M.I., Berti A., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bose D., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Cerruti M., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., Deleglise G., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Fonseca M.V., Freixas Coromina L., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinovic N., Green D.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The first Large Size Telescope (LST-1) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array has been operational since October 2018 at La Palma, Spain. We report on the results obtained during the camera commissioning. The noise level of the readout is determined as a 0.2 p.e. level. The gain of PMTs are well equalized within 2% variation, using the calibration flash system. The effect of the night sky background on the signal readout noise as well as the PMT gain estimation are also well evaluated. Trigger thresholds are optimized for the lowest possible gamma-ray energy threshold and the trigger distribution synchronization has been achieved within 1 ns precision. Automatic rate control realizes the stable observation with 1.5% rate variation over 3 hours. The performance of the novel DAQ system demonstrates a less than 10% dead time for 15 kHz trigger rate even with sophisticated online data correction.

    DOI: 10.22323/1.395.0718

    Open Access

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  127. Application of pattern spectra and convolutional neural networks to the analysis of simulated Cherenkov Telescope Array data Reviewed Open Access

    Aschersleben J., Peletier R.F., Vecchi M., Wilkinson M.H.F., Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Agudo I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P., Barbier C., Barbosa Martins V., Barcelo M., Barkov M., Barnard M., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Batista P.I., Batkovic I., Bauer C., Bautista-González R., Baxter J., Becciani U., Becerra González J., Becherini Y., Beck G., Becker Tjus J., Bednarek W., Belfiore A., Bellizzi L., Belmont R., Benbow W., Berge D., Bernardini E.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation gamma-ray observatory and will be the major global instrument for very-high-energy astronomy over the next decade, offering 5 − 10 × better flux sensitivity than current generation gamma-ray telescopes. Each telescope will provide a snapshot of gamma-ray induced particle showers by capturing the induced Cherenkov emission at ground level. The simulation of such events provides images that can be used as training data for convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to determine the energy of the initial gamma rays. Compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms, analyses based on CNNs promise to further enhance the performance to be achieved by CTA. Pattern spectra are commonly used tools for image classification and provide the distributions of the shapes and sizes of various objects comprising an image. The use of relatively shallow CNNs on pattern spectra would automatically select relevant combinations of features within an image, taking advantage of the 2D nature of pattern spectra. In this work, we generate pattern spectra from simulated gamma-ray events instead of using the raw images themselves in order to train our CNN for energy reconstruction. This is different from other relevant learning and feature selection methods that have been tried in the past. Thereby, we aim to obtain a significantly faster and less computationally intensive algorithm, with minimal loss of performance.

    DOI: 10.22323/1.395.0697

    Open Access

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  128. Analysis of the Cherenkov Telescope Array first Large-Sized Telescope real data using convolutional neural networks Reviewed Open Access

    Vuillaume T., Jacquemont M., de Bony de Lavergne M., Sanchez D.A., Poireau V., Maurin G., Benoit A., Lambert P., Lamanna G., Abe H., Aguasca A., Agudo I., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Armstrong T., Artero M., Asano K., Ashkar H., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Becerra González J., Bernardos M.I., Berti A., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bose D., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Cassol F., Cerruti M., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., De Angelis A., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Fonseca M.V., Freixas Coromina L., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinovic N., Green D., Grespan P., Gunji S., Hackfeld J., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Hayashi K., Heckmann L., Heller M., Herrera Llorente J., Hirotani K., Hoffmann D., Horns D., Houles J., Hrabovsky M., Hrupec D., Hui D., Hütten M., Inada T.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the future ground-based gamma-ray observatory and will be composed of two arrays of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) located in the Northern and Southern hemispheres respectively. The first CTA prototype telescope built on-site, the Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1), is under commissioning in La Palma and has already taken data on numerous known sources. IACTs detect the faint flash of Cherenkov light indirectly produced after a very energetic gamma-ray photon has interacted with the atmosphere and generated an atmospheric shower. Reconstruction of the characteristics of the primary photons is usually done using a parameterization up to the third order of the light distribution of the images. In order to go beyond this classical method, new approaches are being developed using state-of-the-art methods based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) to reconstruct the properties of each event (incoming direction, energy and particle type) directly from the telescope images. While promising, these methods are notoriously difficult to apply to real data due to differences (such as different levels of night sky background) between Monte Carlo (MC) data used to train the network and real data. The GammaLearn project, based on these CNN approaches, has already shown an increase in sensitivity on MC simulations for LST-1 as well as a lower energy threshold. This work applies the GammaLearn network to real data acquired by LST-1 and compares the results to the classical approach that uses random forests trained on extracted image parameters. The improvements on the background rejection, event direction, and energy reconstruction are discussed in this contribution.

    DOI: 10.22323/1.395.0703

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  129. Camera Calibration of the CTA-LST prototype Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Kobayashi Y., Okumura A., Cassol F., Katagiri H., Sitarek J., Gliwny P., Nozaki S., Nogami Y., Abe H., Aguasca A., Agudo I., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Armstrong T., Artero M., Asano K., Ashkar H., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Becerra Gonzalez J., Bernardos M.I., Berti A., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bose D., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Cerruti M., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Daaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsaasser D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Fonseca M.V., Freixas Coromina L., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia Lapez R., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Godinovic N., Green D., Grespan P., Gunji S., Hackfeld J., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Hayashi K., Heckmann L., Heller M., Herrera Llorente J., Hirotani K., Hoffmann D., Horns D., Houles J., Hrabovsky M., Hrupec D., Hui D., HÃŒtten M., Inada T., Inome Y., Iori M.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the next-generation gamma-ray observatory that is expected to reach one order of magnitude better sensitivity than that of current telescope arrays. The Large-Sized Telescopes (LSTs) have an essential role in extending the energy range down to 20 GeV. The prototype LST (LST-1) proposed for CTA was built in La Palma, the northern site of CTA, in 2018. LST-1 is currently in its commissioning phase and moving towards scientific observations. The LST-1 camera consists of 1855 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) which are sensitive to Cherenkov light. PMT signals are recorded as waveforms sampled at 1 GHz rate with Domino Ring Sampler version 4 (DRS4) chips. Fast sampling is essential to achieve a low energy threshold by minimizing the integration of background light from the night sky. Absolute charge calibration can be performed by the so-called F-factor method, which allows calibration constants to be monitored even during observations. A calibration pipeline of the camera readout has been developed as part of the LST analysis chain. The pipeline performs DRS4 pedestal and timing corrections, as well as the extraction and calibration of charge and time of pulses for subsequent higher-level analysis. The performance of each calibration step is examined, and especially charge and time resolution of the camera readout are evaluated and compared to CTA requirements. We report on the current status of the calibration pipeline, including the performance of each step through to signal reconstruction, and the consistency with Monte Carlo simulations.

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  130. Exploring the population of Galactic very-high-energy γ-ray sources Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Steppa C., Egberts K., Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Agudo I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Aschersleben J., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P., Barbier C., Barbosa Martins V., Barcelo M., Barkov M., Barnard M., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Batista P.I., Batkovic I., Bauer C., Bautista-González R., Baxter J., Becciani U., Becerra González J., Becherini Y., Beck G., Becker Tjus J., Bednarek W., Belfiore A., Bellizzi L., Belmont R., Benbow W., Berge D., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    At very high energies (VHE), the emission of γ rays is dominated by discrete sources. Due to the limited resolution and sensitivity of current-generation instruments, only a small fraction of the total Galactic population of VHE γ-ray sources has been detected significantly. The larger part of the population can be expected to contribute as a diffuse signal alongside emission originating from propagating cosmic rays. Without quantifying the source population, it is not possible to disentangle these two components. Based on the H.E.S.S. Galactic plane survey, a numerical approach has been taken to develop a model of the population of Galactic VHE γ-ray sources, which is shown to account accurately for the observational bias. We present estimates of the absolute number of sources in the Galactic Plane and their contribution to the total VHE γ-ray emission for five different spatial source distributions. Prospects for CTA and its ability to constrain the model are discussed. Finally, first results of an extension of our modelling approach using machine learning to extract more information from the available data set are presented.

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  131. Development of an advanced SiPM camera for the Large Size Telescope of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Bellato M., Bergnoli A., Bernasconi E., Biland A., Charbon E., Corti D., Gascón D., Gómez S., Ziȩtara K., Abe H., Aguasca A., Agudo I., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Armstrong T., Artero M., Asano K., Ashkar H., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Becerra González J., Bernardos M.I., Berti A., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bose D., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Cassol F., Cerruti M., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Fonseca M.V., Freixas Coromina L., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinovic N., Green D., Grespan P., Gunji S., Hackfeld J., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Hayashi K., Heckmann L., Heller M., Herrera Llorente J., Hirotani K., Hoffmann D., Horns D., Houles J., Hrabovsky M., Hrupec D., Hui D., Hütten M.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Proceedings of Science  

    Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) have become the baseline choice for cameras of the small-sized telescopes (SSTs) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). On the other hand, SiPMs are relatively new to the field and covering large surfaces and operating at high data rates still are challenges to outperform photomultipliers (PMTs). The higher sensitivity in the near infra-red and longer signals compared to PMTs result in higher night sky background rate for SiPMs. However, the robustness of the SiPMs represents a unique opportunity to ensure long-term operation with low maintenance and better duty cycle than PMTs. The proposed camera for large size telescopes will feature 0.05<sup>◦</sup> pixels, low power and fast front-end electronics and a fully digital readout. In this work, we present the status of dedicated simulations and data analysis for the performance estimation. The design features and the different strategies identified, so far, to tackle the demanding requirements and the improved performance are described.

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  132. Detection of the Crab Nebula by the prototype Schwarzschild-Couder Telescope Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Adams C.B., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Aramo C., Batista P.I., Benbow W., Bertucci B., Bissaldi E., Bitossi M., Boiano A., Bonavolontà C., Bose R., Brill A., Brown A.M., Buckley J.H., Cameron R.A., Canestrari R., Capasso M., Caprai M., Covault C.E., Depaoli D., Di Venere L., Errando M., Fegan S., Feng Q., Fiandrini E., Furniss A., Gent A., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Giro E., Halliday R., Hervet O., Holder J., Humensky T.B., Incardona S., Ionica M., Jin W., Kieda D., Licciulli F., Loporchio S., Marsella G., Masone V., Meagher K., Meures T., Mode B.A.W., Mognet S.A.I., Mukherjee R., Okumura A., Otte N., Pantaleo F.R., Paoletti R., Pareschi G., Di Pierro F., Pueschel E., Ribeiro D., Riitano L., Roache E., Rousselle J., Rugliancich A., Santander M., Shang R., Stiaccini L., Tajima H., Taylor L.P., Tosti L., Tovmassian G., Tripodo G., Vagelli V., Valentino M., Vandenbroucke J., Vassiliev V.V., Williams D.A., Zink A.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The Schwarzschild-Couder Telescope (SCT) is a medium-sized telescope technology proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array. It uses a novel dual-mirror optical design that removes comatic aberrations across its entire field of view. The SCT camera employs high-resolution silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) sensors with a pixel size of 4 arcminutes. A prototype SCT (pSCT) has been constructed at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory in Arizona, USA. An observing campaign in 2020, with a partial camera of 1600 pixels (2.7 degrees by 2.7 degrees field of view) resulted in detection of the Crab Nebula at 8.6 sigma statistical significance. Work on the pSCT camera and optical system is ongoing to improve performance and prepare for an upcoming camera upgrade. The pSCT camera upgrade will replace the current camera modules with improved SiPMs and readout electronics and will expand the camera to its full design field of view of 8 degrees in diameter (11,328 pixels). The fully upgraded pSCT will enable next-generation very-high-energy gamma-ray astrophysics through excellent background rejection and angular resolution. In this presentation we describe first results from the successful operation of the pSCT and future plans.

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  133. Detection methods for the Cherenkov Telescope Array at very-short exposure times Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Di Piano A., Bulgarelli A., Fioretti V., Baroncelli L., Parmiggiani N., Longo F., Stamerra A., López-Oramas A., Stratta G., De Cesare G., Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Agudo I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Aschersleben J., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P., Barbier C., Barbosa Martins V., Barcelo M., Barkov M., Barnard M., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Batista P.I., Batkovic I., Bauer C., Bautista-González R., Baxter J., Becciani U., Becerra González J., Becherini Y., Beck G., Becker Tjus J., Bednarek W.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Proceedings of Science  

    The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation ground-based observatory for very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy, with the deployment of tens of highly sensitive and fast-reacting Cherenkov telescopes. It will cover a wide energy range (20 GeV - 300 TeV) with unprecedented sensitivity. To maximize the scientific return, the observatory will be provided with an online software system that will perform the first analysis of scientific data in real-time. This study investigates the precision and accuracy of available science tools and analysis techniques for the short-term detection of gamma-ray sources, in terms of sky localization, detection significance and, if significant detection is achieved, a first estimation of the integral photon flux. The scope is to evaluate the feasibility of the algorithms' implementation in the real-time analysis of CTA. In this contribution we present a general overview of the methods and some of the results for the test case of the short-term detection of a gamma-ray burst afterglow, as the VHE counterpart of a gravitational wave event.

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  134. Design and performance of the prototype Schwarzschild-Couder Telescope camera Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Taylor L.P., Adams C.B., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Aramo C., Batista P.I., Benbow W., Bertucci B., Bissaldi E., Bitossi M., Boiano A., Bonavolontà C., Bose R., Brill A., Brown A.M., Buckley J.H., Cameron R.A., Capasso M., Caprai M., Covault C.E., Depaoli D., Di Venere L., Errando M., Fegan S., Feng Q., Fiandrini E., Furniss A., Gent A., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Halliday R., Hervet O., Humensky T.B., Incardona S., Ionica M., Jin W., Kieda D., Licciulli F., Loporchio S., Marsella G., Masone V., Meagher K., Meures T., Mode B.A.W., Mognet S.A.I., Mukherjee R., Okumura A., Otte N., Pantaleo F.R., Paoletti R., Pareschi G., Di Pierro F., Pueschel E., Ribeiro D., Riitano L., Roache E., Ross D., Rousselle J., Rugliancich A., Santander M., Shang R., Stiaccini L., Tajima H., Tosti L., Tovmassian G., Tripodo G., Vagelli V., Valentino M., Vandenbroucke J., Vassiliev V.V., Watson J.J., White R., Williams D.A., Zink A.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Proceedings of Science  

    The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the next-generation ground-based observatory for very-high-energy gamma-ray astronomy. An innovative 9.7 m aperture, dual-mirror Schwarzschild-Couder Telescope (SCT) design is a candidate design for CTA Medium-Sized Telescopes. A prototype SCT (pSCT) has been constructed at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory in Arizona, USA. Its camera is currently partially instrumented with 1600 pixels covering a field of view of 2.7 degrees square. The small plate scale of the optical system allows densely packed silicon photomultipliers to be used, which combined with high-density trigger and waveform readout electronics enable the high-resolution camera. The camera's electronics are capable of imaging air shower development at a rate of one billion samples per second. We describe the commissioning and performance of the pSCT camera, including trigger and waveform readout performance, calibration, and absolute GPS time stamping. We also present the upgrade to the camera, which is currently underway. The upgrade will fully populate the focal plane, increasing the field of view to 8 degree diameter, and lower the front-end electronics noise, enabling a lower trigger threshold and improved reconstruction and background rejection.

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  135. Deep-learning-driven event reconstruction applied to simulated data from a single Large-Sized Telescope of CTA Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Abe H., Aguasca A., Agudo I., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Armstrong T., Artero M., Asano K., Ashkar H., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Becerra González J., Bernardos M.I., Berti A., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bose D., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Cassol F., Cerruti M., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Fonseca M.V., Freixas Coromina L., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinovic N., Green D., Grespan P., Gunji S., Hackfeld J., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Hayashi K., Heckmann L., Heller M., Herrera Llorente J., Hirotani K., Hoffmann D., Horns D., Houles J., Hrabovsky M., Hrupec D., Hui D., Hütten M., Inada T., Inome Y., Iori M., Ishio K., Iwamura Y., Jacquemont M., Jimenez Martinez I., Jouvin L., Jurysek J.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    When very-high-energy gamma rays interact high in the Earth's atmosphere, they produce cascades of particles that induce flashes of Cherenkov light. Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) detect these flashes and convert them into shower images that can be analyzed to extract the properties of the primary gamma ray. The dominant background for IACTs is comprised of air shower images produced by cosmic hadrons, with typical noise-to-signal ratios of several orders of magnitude. The standard technique adopted to differentiate between images initiated by gamma rays and those initiated by hadrons is based on classical machine learning algorithms, such as Random Forests, that operate on a set of handcrafted parameters extracted from the images. Likewise, the inference of the energy and the arrival direction of the primary gamma ray is performed using those parameters. State-of-the-art deep learning techniques based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have the potential to enhance the event reconstruction performance, since they are able to autonomously extract features from raw images, exploiting the pixel-wise information washed out during the parametrization process. Here we present the results obtained by applying deep learning techniques to the reconstruction of Monte Carlo simulated events from a single, next-generation IACT, the Large-Sized Telescope (LST) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). We use CNNs to separate the gamma-ray-induced events from hadronic events and to reconstruct the properties of the former, comparing their performance to the standard reconstruction technique. Three independent implementations of CNN-based event reconstruction models have been utilized in this work, producing consistent results.

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  136. Cross-calibration and combined analysis of the CTA-LST prototype and the MAGIC telescopes Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Ohtani Y., Berti A., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Green D., Heckmann L., Hütten M., Inada T., López-Coto R., Medina E., Moralejo A., Morcuende D., Pirola G., Strzys M., Suda Y., Vovk I., Abe H., Aguasca A., Agudo I., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Armstrong T., Artero M., Asano K., Ashkar H., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Becerra González J., Bernardos M.I., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bose D., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Cassol F., Cerruti M., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Fonseca M.V., Freixas Coromina L., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinovic N., Grespan P., Gunji S., Hackfeld J., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Hayashi K., Heller M., Herrera Llorente J., Hirotani K., Hoffmann D., Horns D., Houles J., Hrabovsky M., Hrupec D.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation gamma-ray observatory, which will consist of three kinds of telescopes of different sizes. Among those, the Large Size Telescope (LST) will be the most sensitive in the low energy range starting from 20 GeV. The prototype LST (LST-1) proposed for CTA was inaugurated in October 2018 in the northern hemisphere site, La Palma (Spain), and is currently in its commissioning phase. MAGIC is a system of two gamma-ray Cherenkov telescopes of the current generation, located approximately 100 m away from LST-1, that have been operating in stereoscopic mode since 2009. Since LST-1 and MAGIC can observe the same air shower events, we can compare the brightness of showers, estimated energies of gamma rays, and other parameters event by event, which can be used to cross-calibrate the telescopes. Ultimately, by performing combined analyses of the events triggering the three telescopes, we can reconstruct the shower geometry more accurately, leading to better energy and angular resolutions, and a better discrimination of the background showers initiated by cosmic rays. For that purpose, as part of the commissioning of LST-1, we performed joint observations of established gamma-ray sources with LST-1 and MAGIC. Also, we have developed Monte Carlo simulations for such joint observations and an analysis pipeline which finds event coincidence in the offline analysis based on their timestamps. In this work, we present the first detection of an astronomical source, the Crab Nebula, with combined observation of LST-1 and MAGIC. Moreover, we show results of the inter-telescope cross-calibration obtained using Crab Nebula data taken during joint observations with LST-1 and MAGIC.

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  137. First follow-up of transient events with the CTA Large Size Telescope prototype Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Kobayshi Y., Sanchez D., Abe H., Aguasca A., Agudo I., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Armstrong T., Artero M., Asano K., Ashkar H., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Becerra González J., Bernardos M.I., Berti A., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bose D., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Cassol F., Cerruti M., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Fonseca M.V., Freixas Coromina L., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinovic N., Green D., Grespan P., Gunji S., Hackfeld J., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Hayashi K., Heckmann L., Heller M., Herrera Llorente J., Hirotani K., Hoffmann D., Horns D., Houles J., Hrabovsky M., Hrupec D., Hui D., Hütten M., Inada T., Inome Y., Iori M., Ishio K., Iwamura Y., Jacquemont M., Jimenez Martinez I.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The recent detection of a very high energy (VHE) emission from Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) above 100 GeV performed by the MAGIC and H.E.S.S. collaborations, has represented a significant, long-awaited result for the VHE astrophysics community. Although these results' scientific impact has not yet been fully exploited, the possibility to detect VHE gamma-ray signals from GRBs has always been considered crucial for clarifying the poorly known physics of these objects. Furthermore, the discovery of high-energy neutrinos and gravitational waves associated with astrophysical sources have definitively opened the era of multi-messenger astrophysics, providing unique insights into the physics of extreme cosmic accelerators. In the near future, the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will play a major role in these observations. Within this framework, the Large Size Telescopes (LSTs) will be the instruments best suited to significantly impact on short time-scale transients follow-up thanks to their fast slewing and large effective area. The observations of the early emission phase of a wide range of transient events with good sensitivity below 100 GeV will allow us to open new opportunities for time-domain astrophysics in an energy range not affected by selective absorption processes typical of other wavelengths. In this contribution, we will report about the observational program and first transients follow-up observations performed by the LST-1 telescope currently in its commissioning phase on La Palma, Canary Islands, the CTA northern hemisphere site.

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  138. Solar Neutron and Gamma-ray Spectroscopy Mission: SONGS Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Kazutaka Yamaoka, Hiroyasu Tajima, Daiki Nobashi, Masaki Usami, Kikuko Miyata, Takaya Inamori, Ji Hyun Park, Kazuya Ito, Koji Matsushita, Toyoki Watabe, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Satoshi Masuda, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Kyoko Watanabe

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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  139. Sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array to emission from the gamma-ray counterparts of neutrino events Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Sergijenko O., Brown A.M., Fiorillo D.F.G., de León A.R., Satalecka K., Tung C.F., Reimann R., Glauch T., Taboada I., Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Agudo I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Aschersleben J., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P., Barbier C., Barbosa Martins V., Barcelo M., Barkov M., Barnard M., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Batista P.I., Batkovic I., Bauer C., Bautista-González R., Baxter J., Becciani U., Becerra González J., Becherini Y., Beck G., Becker Tjus J., Bednarek W.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    We investigate the possibility of detection of the VHE gamma-ray counterparts to the neutrino astrophysical sources within the Neutrino Target of Opportunity (NToO) program of CTA using the populations simulated by the FIRESONG software to resemble the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux measured by IceCube. We derive the detection probability for different zenith angles and geomagnetic field configurations. The difference in detectability of sources between CTA-North and CTA-South for the average geomagnetic field is not substantial. We investigate the effect of a higher night-sky background and the preliminary CTA Alpha layout on the detection probability.

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  140. Sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array to a dark matter signal from the Galactic centre Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Agudo I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Aschersleben J., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P., Barbier C., Barbosa Martins V., Barcelo M., Barkov M., Barnard M., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Batista P.I., Batkovic I., Bauer C., Bautista-González R., Baxter J., Becciani U., Becerra González J., Becherini Y., Beck G., Becker Tjus J., Bednarek W., Belfiore A., Bellizzi L., Belmont R., Benbow W., Berge D., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernlöhr K., Berti A.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    High-energy gamma rays are promising tools to constrain or reveal the nature of dark matter, in particular Weakly Interacting Massive Particles. Being well into its pre-construction phase, the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will soon probe the sky in the 20 GeV - 300 TeV energy range. Thanks to its improved energy and angular resolutions as well as significantly larger effective area when compared to the current generation of Cherenkov telescopes, CTA is expected to probe heavier dark matter, with unprecedented sensitivity, reaching the thermal annihilation cross-section at 1 TeV. This talk will summarise the planned dark matter search strategies with CTA, focusing on the signal from the Galactic centre. As observed with the Fermi LAT at lower energies, this region is rather complex and CTA will be the first ground-based observatory sensitive to the large scale diffuse astrophysical emission from that region. We report on the collaboration effort to study the impact of such extended astrophysical backgrounds on the dark matter search, based on Fermi-LAT data in order to guide our observational strategies, taking into account various sources of systematic uncertainty.

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  141. Sensitivity of CTA to gamma-ray emission from the Perseus galaxy cluster Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Agudo I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Aschersleben J., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P., Barbier C., Barbosa Martins V., Barcelo M., Barkov M., Barnard M., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Batista P.I., Batkovic I., Bauer C., Bautista-González R., Baxter J., Becciani U., Becerra González J., Becherini Y., Beck G., Becker Tjus J., Bednarek W., Belfiore A., Bellizzi L., Belmont R., Benbow W., Berge D., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernlöhr K., Berti A.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    In these proceedings we summarize the current status of the study of the sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) to detect diffuse gamma-ray emission from the Perseus galaxy cluster. Gamma-ray emission is expected in galaxy clusters both from interactions of cosmic rays (CR) with the intra-cluster medium, or as a product of annihilation or decay of dark matter (DM) particles in case they are weakly interactive massive particles (WIMPs). The observation of Perseus constitutes one of the Key Science Projects to be carried out by the CTA Consortium. In this contribution, we focus on the DM-induced component of the flux. Our DM modelling includes the substructures we expect in the main halo which will boost the annihilation signal significantly. We adopt an ON/OFF observation strategy and simulate the expected gamma-ray signals. Finally we compute the expected CTA sensitivity using a likelihood maximization analysis including the most recent CTA instrument response functions. In absence of signal, we show that CTA will allow us to provide stringent and competitive constraints on TeV DM, especially for the case of DM decay.

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  142. Searching for very-high-energy electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational-wave events with the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Patricelli B., Carosi A., Nava L., Seglar-Arroyo M., Schüssler F., Stamerra A., Adelfio A., Ashkar H., Bulgarelli A., Di Girolamo T., Di Piano A., Gasparetto T., Green J., Longo F., Agudo I., Berti A., Bissaldi E., Cella G., Circiello A., Covino S., Ghirlanda G., Humensky B., Inoue S., Lefaucheur J., Filipovic M., Razzano M., Ribeiro D., Sergijenko O., Stratta G., Vergani S., Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Aschersleben J., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The detection of electromagnetic (EM) emission following the gravitational wave (GW) event GW170817 opened the era of multi-messenger astronomy with GWs and provided the first direct evidence that at least a fraction of binary neutron star (BNS) mergers are progenitors of short Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). GRBs are also expected to emit very-high energy (VHE, > 100 GeV) photons, as proven by the recent MAGIC and H.E.S.S. observations. One of the challenges for future multi-messenger observations will be the detection of such VHE emission from GRBs in association with GWs. In the next years, the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be a key instrument for the EM follow-up of GW events in the VHE range, owing to its unprecedented sensitivity, rapid response, and capability to monitor a large sky area via scan-mode operation. We present the CTA GW follow-up program, with a focus on the searches for short GRBs possibly associated with BNS mergers. We investigate the possible observational strategies and we outline the prospects for the detection of VHE EM counterparts to transient GW events.

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  143. Reconstruction of stereoscopic CTA events using deep learning with CTLearn Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Miener T., Nieto D., Brill A., Spencer S., Contreras J.L., Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Agudo I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Aschersleben J., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P., Barbier C., Barbosa Martins V., Barcelo M., Barkov M., Barnard M., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Batista P.I., Batkovic I., Bauer C., Bautista-González R., Baxter J., Becciani U., Becerra González J., Becherini Y., Beck G., Becker Tjus J., Bednarek W., Belfiore A., Bellizzi L., Belmont R., Benbow W.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), conceived as an array of tens of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs), is an international project for a next-generation ground-based gamma-ray observatory, aiming to improve on the sensitivity of current-generation instruments a factor of five to ten and provide energy coverage from 20 GeV to more than 300 TeV. Arrays of IACTs probe the very-high-energy gamma-ray sky. Their working principle consists of the simultaneous observation of air showers initiated by the interaction of very-high-energy gamma rays and cosmic rays with the atmosphere. Cherenkov photons induced by a given shower are focused onto the camera plane of the telescopes in the array, producing a multi-stereoscopic record of the event. This image contains the longitudinal development of the air shower, together with its spatial, temporal, and calorimetric information. The properties of the originating very-high-energy particle (type, energy, and incoming direction) can be inferred from those images by reconstructing the full event using machine learning techniques. In this contribution, we present a purely deep-learning driven, full-event reconstruction of simulated, stereoscopic IACT events using CTLearn. CTLearn is a package that includes modules for loading and manipulating IACT data and for running deep learning models, using pixel-wise camera data as input.

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  144. Reconstruction of extensive air shower images of the first Large Size Telescope prototype of CTA using a novel likelihood technique Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Emery G., Alispach C., Dalchenko M., Foffano L., Heller M., Montaruli T., Abe H., Aguasca A., Agudo I., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Armstrong T., Artero M., Asano K., Ashkar H., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Becerra González J., Bernardos M.I., Berti A., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bose D., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Cassol F., Cerruti M., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsässer D., Escudero J., Fiasson A., Fonseca M.V., Freixas Coromina L., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinovic N., Green D., Grespan P., Gunji S., Hackfeld J., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Hayashi K., Heckmann L., Herrera Llorente J., Hirotani K., Hoffmann D., Horns D., Houles J., Hrabovsky M., Hrupec D., Hui D., Hütten M., Inada T., Inome Y., Iori M., Ishio K., Iwamura Y., Jacquemont M., Jimenez Martinez I.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy aims at reconstructing the energy and direction of gamma rays from the extensive air showers they initiate in the atmosphere. Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT) collect the Cherenkov light induced by secondary charged particles in extensive air showers (EAS), creating an image of the shower in a camera positioned in the focal plane of optical systems. This image is used to evaluate the type, energy and arrival direction of the primary particle that initiated the shower. This contribution shows the results of a novel reconstruction method based on likelihood maximization. The novelty with respect to previous likelihood reconstruction methods lies in the definition of a likelihood per single camera pixel, accounting not only for the total measured charge, but also for its development over time. This leads to more precise reconstruction of shower images. The method is applied to observations of the Crab Nebula acquired with the Large Size Telescope prototype (LST-1) deployed at the northern site of the Cherenkov Telescope Array.

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  145. Prototype Open Event Reconstruction Pipeline for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Nöthe M., Kosack K., Nickel L., Peresano M., Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Agudo I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Aschersleben J., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P., Barbier C., Barbosa Martins V., Barcelo M., Barkov M., Barnard M., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Batista P.I., Batkovic I., Bauer C., Bautista-González R., Baxter J., Becciani U., Becerra González J., Becherini Y., Beck G., Becker Tjus J., Bednarek W., Belfiore A., Bellizzi L., Belmont R., Benbow W., Berge D.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the next-generation gamma-ray observatory currently under construction. It will improve over the current generation of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) by a factor of five to ten in sensitivity and it will be able to observe the whole sky from a combination of two sites: a northern site in La Palma, Spain, and a southern one in Paranal, Chile. CTA will also be the first open gamma-ray observatory. Accordingly, the data analysis pipeline is developed as open-source software. The event reconstruction pipeline accepts raw data of the telescopes and processes it to produce suitable input for the higher-level science tools. Its primary tasks include reconstructing the physical properties of each recorded shower and providing the corresponding instrument response functions. ctapipe is a framework providing algorithms and tools to facilitate raw data calibration, image extraction, image parameterization and event reconstruction. Its main focus is currently the analysis of simulated data but it has also been successfully applied for the analysis of data obtained with the first CTA prototype telescopes, such as the Large-Sized Telescope 1 (LST-1). pyirf is a library to calculate IACT instrument response functions, needed to obtain physics results like spectra and light curves, from the reconstructed event lists. Building on these two, protopipe is a prototype for the event reconstruction pipeline for CTA. Recent developments in these software packages will be presented.

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  146. Prospects for Galactic transient sources detection with the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    López-Oramas A., Bulgarelli A., Chaty S., Chernyakova M., Gnatyk R., Hnatyk B., Kantzas D., Markoff S., McKeague S., Mereghetti S., Mestre E., di Piano A., Romano P., Sadeh I., Sergijenko O., Sidoli L., Spolon A., de Ona Wilhelmi E., Piano G., Zampieri L., Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Agudo I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Aschersleben J., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P., Barbier C., Barbosa Martins V., Barcelo M., Barkov M., Barnard M., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    Several types of Galactic sources, like magnetars, microquasars, novae or pulsar wind nebulae flares, display transient emission in the X-ray band. Some of these sources have also shown emission at MeV-GeV energies. However, none of these Galactic transients have ever been detected in the very-high-energy (VHE; E>100 GeV) regime by any Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescope (IACT). The Galactic Transient task force is a part of the Transient Working group of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) Consortium. The task force investigates the prospects of detecting the VHE counterpart of such sources, as well as their study following Target of Opportunity (ToO) observations. In this contribution, we will show some of the results of exploring the capabilities of CTA to detect and observe Galactic transients; we assume different array configurations and observing strategies.

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  147. Physics Performance of the Large-Sized Telescope prototype of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Abe H., Aguasca A., Agudo I., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Armstrong T., Artero M., Asano K., Ashkar H., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Becerra González J., Bernardos M.I., Berti A., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bose D., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Cassol F., Cerruti M., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Fonseca M.V., Freixas Coromina L., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinovic N., Green D., Grespan P., Gunji S., Hackfeld J., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Hayashi K., Heckmann L., Heller M., Herrera Llorente J., Hirotani K., Hoffmann D., Horns D., Houles J., Hrabovsky M., Hrupec D., Hui D., Hütten M., Inada T., Inome Y., Iori M., Ishio K., Iwamura Y., Jacquemont M., Jimenez Martinez I., Jouvin L., Jurysek J.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The Large-Sized Telescope (LST) prototype of the future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is located at the Northern site of CTA, on the Canary Island of La Palma. It is designed to provide optimal performance in the lowest part of the energy range covered by CTA, observing gamma rays down to energies of tens of GeV. The LST prototype started performing astronomical observations in November 2019 during the commissioning of the telescope and it has been taking data since then. In this contribution, we will present the tuning of the characteristics of the telescope in the Monte Carlo (MC) simulations to describe the data obtained, the estimation of its angular and energy resolution, and an evaluation of its sensitivity, both with simulations and with observations of the Crab Nebula.

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  148. Performance of the Cherenkov Telescope Array in the presence of clouds Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Pecimotika M., Adamczyk K., Prester D.D., Gueta O., Hrupec D., Maier G., Mićanović S., Pavletić L., Sitarek J., Sobczyńska D., Szanecki M., Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Agudo I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Aschersleben J., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P., Barbier C., Barbosa Martins V., Barcelo M., Barkov M., Barnard M., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Batista P.I., Batkovic I., Bauer C., Bautista-González R., Baxter J., Becciani U., Becerra González J., Becherini Y., Beck G.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the future ground-based observatory for gamma-ray astronomy at very high energies. The atmosphere is an integral part of every Cherenkov telescope. Different atmospheric conditions, such as clouds, can reduce the fraction of Cherenkov photons produced in air showers that reach ground-based telescopes, which may affect the performance. Decreased sensitivity of the telescopes may lead to misconstructed energies and spectra. This study presents the impact of various atmospheric conditions on CTA performance. The atmospheric transmission in a cloudy atmosphere in the wavelength range from 203 nm to 1000 nm was simulated for different cloud bases and different optical depths using the MODerate resolution atmospheric TRANsmission (MODTRAN) code. MODTRAN output files were used as inputs for generic Monte Carlo simulations. The analysis was performed using the MAGIC Analysis and Reconstruction Software (MARS) adapted for CTA. As expected, the effects of clouds are most evident at low energies, near the energy threshold. Even in the presence of dense clouds, high-energy gamma rays may still trigger the telescopes if the first interaction occurs lower in the atmosphere, below the cloud base. A method to analyze very high-energy data obtained in the presence of clouds is presented. The systematic uncertainties of the method are evaluated. These studies help to gain more precise knowledge about the CTA response to cloudy conditions and give insights on how to proceed with data obtained in such conditions. This may prove crucial for alert-based observations and time-critical studies of transient phenomena.

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  149. Performance of a proposed event-type based analysis for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Hassan T., Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Agudo I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Aschersleben J., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P., Barbier C., Barbosa Martins V., Barcelo M., Barkov M., Barnard M., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Batista P.I., Batkovic I., Bauer C., Bautista-González R., Baxter J., Becciani U., Becerra González J., Becherini Y., Beck G., Becker Tjus J., Bednarek W., Belfiore A., Bellizzi L., Belmont R., Benbow W., Berge D., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernlöhr K.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next-generation observatory in the field of very-high-energy (20 GeV to 300 TeV) gamma-ray astroparticle physics. Classically, data analysis in the field maximizes sensitivity by applying quality cuts on the data acquired. These cuts, optimized using Monte Carlo simulations, select higher quality events from the initial dataset. Subsequent steps of the analysis typically use the surviving events to calculate one set of instrument response functions (IRFs). An alternative approach is the use of event types, as implemented in experiments such as the Fermi-LAT. In this approach, events are divided into sub-samples based on their reconstruction quality, and a set of IRFs is calculated for each sub-sample. The sub-samples are then combined in a joint analysis, treating them as independent observations. This leads to an improvement in performance parameters such as sensitivity, angular and energy resolution. Data loss is reduced since lower quality events are included in the analysis as well, rather than discarded. In this study, machine learning methods will be used to classify events according to their expected angular reconstruction quality. We will report the impact on CTA high-level performance when applying such an event-type classification, compared to the classical procedure.

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  150. NEW MISSION CONCEPT: GALACTIC EXPLORER WITH A CODED APERTURE MASK COMPTON TELESCOPE (GECCO) Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Asner D.M., Baring M.G., Bloser P.F., Bolotnikov A.E., Bottacini E., Brandt T., Cannady N., Carini G.A., Collmar W., Coogan A., DeNolfo G., Digel S., Eberle V., Enßlin T., Grenier I., Harding A., Hartmann D., Hermann S., Kazanas D., Kerr M., Krivonos R., Laurent P., Longo F., Mitchell J.W., Moiseev A.A., Morrison L., Morselli A., Moskalenko I.V., Mushotzky R.F., Negro M., Orlando E., Profumo S., Sasaki M., Shrader C.R., Skinner G.K., Stecker F., Strong A.W., Sturner S., Shawhan P., Smith L., Tajima H., Thompson D., Tomsick J., Wadiasingh Z., Woolf R., Yates E., Ziock K.P., Zoglauer A.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    We present a novel concept for a next-generation γ-ray telescope that will cover the hard X-ray to soft γ-ray domain. Despite the progress made by the European Space Observatory INTEGRAL, this energy range is still under-explored. GECCO will conduct high-sensitivity measurements of the cosmic γ-radiation in the energy range from 50-100 keV to ∼10 MeV and will create intensity maps with high spectral and spatial resolution, focusing on a sensitive separation of diffuse and point-source components. These observations will enable the following major objectives: a) explore the nature, composition, and fine structure of the inner Galaxy, b) localize and discern the origin(s) of the positron annihilation 511 keV line, c) explore Galactic chemical evolution and sites of explosive element synthesis, d) provide identification and precise localization of gravitational wave and neutrino events, e) test as-yet unexplored candidates for the dark matter The instrument is based on a novel CdZnTe Imaging calorimeter and a deployable coded aperture mask. The unique feature of GECCO is that it combines the advantages of two techniques - the high-angular resolution possible with coded mask imaging, and a Compton telescope mode providing high sensitivity measurements of diffuse radiation. Expected GECCO performance is as follows: energy resolution <1% at 0.5-5 MeV, angular resolution ∼1 arcmin in the Mask mode (3-4° field-of-view, ∼2,000 cm<sup>2</sup> effective area), and 3-5° in the Compton mode (~60° field-of-view, ∼500 cm<sup>2</sup> effective area). The continuum sensitivity is expected to be 10<sup>-6</sup> - 10<sup>-5</sup> MeV/cm<sup>2</sup>/s over the energy range. GECCO can be considered for a future NASA Explorer mission.

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  151. Monte Carlo Simulations and Validation of NectarCAM, a Medium Sized Telescope Camera for CTA Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Armstrong T.P., Costantini H., Glicenstein J.F., Lenain J.P., Schwanke U., Tavernier T., Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Agudo I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Aschersleben J., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P., Barbier C., Barbosa Martins V., Barcelo M., Barkov M., Barnard M., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Batista P.I., Batkovic I., Bauer C., Bautista-González R., Baxter J., Becciani U., Becerra González J., Becherini Y., Beck G., Becker Tjus J., Bednarek W., Belfiore A., Bellizzi L., Belmont R.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) ground-based gamma-ray observatory will open up our view of the very high energy Universe, offering an improvement in sensitivity of 5-10 times that of previous experiments. NectarCAM is one of the proposed cameras for the Medium-Sized Telescopes (MST) which have been designed to cover the core energy range of CTA, from 100 GeV to 10 TeV. The final camera will be capable of GHz sampling and provide a field of view of 8 degrees with its 265 modules of 7 photomultiplier each (for a total of 1855 pixels). In order to validate the performance of NectarCAM, a partially-equipped prototype has been constructed consisting of only the inner 61-modules. It has so far undergone testing at the integration test-bench facility in CEA Paris-Saclay (France) and on a prototype of the MST structure in Adlershof (Germany). To characterize the performance of the prototype, Monte Carlo simulations were conducted using a detailed model of the 61 module camera in the CORSIKA/sim_telarray framework. This contribution provides an overview of this work including the comparison of trigger and readout performance on test-bench data and trigger and image parameterization performance during on-sky measurements.

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  152. Monitoring the pointing of the prototype LST-1 using star reconstruction in the Cherenkov camera Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Foffano L., Carosi A., Dalchenko M., Heller M., Della Volpe D., Montaruli T., Abe H., Aguasca A., Agudo I., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Armstrong T., Artero M., Asano K., Ashkar H., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Becerra González J., Bernardos M.I., Berti A., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bose D., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Cassol F., Cerruti M., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fiasson A., Fonseca M.V., Freixas Coromina L., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinovic N., Green D., Grespan P., Gunji S., Hackfeld J., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Hayashi K., Heckmann L., Herrera Llorente J., Hirotani K., Hoffmann D., Horns D., Houles J., Hrabovsky M., Hrupec D., Hui D., Hütten M., Inada T., Inome Y., Iori M., Ishio K., Iwamura Y., Jacquemont M., Jimenez Martinez I., Jouvin L.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The first Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1) proposed for the forthcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) has started to operate in 2019 in La Palma. The large structure of LST-1 - with a 23 m mirror dish diameter - imposes a strict control of its deformations that could affect the pointing accuracy and its overall performance. According to CTA specifications that are conceived to resolve e.g. the fine structure of galactic sources, the LST post-calibration pointing accuracy should be better than 14 arcseconds. To fulfill this requirement, the telescope pointing precision is monitored with two dedicated CCD cameras located at the dish center. The analysis of their images allows us to disentangle different systematic deformations of the structure. In this work, we investigate a complementary approach that offers the possibility to monitor the pointing of the telescope during the acquisition of sky data. After properly cleaning the events from the Cherenkov showers, the reconstructed positions of the stars imaged in the camera field of view are compared to their nominal expected positions in catalogues. This provides a direct measurement of the telescope pointing, that can be used to cross-check the other methods and as a real-time monitoring of the optical properties of the telescope and of the pointing corrections applied by the bending models. Additionally, this method benefits from not relying on specific hardware or dedicated observations. In this contribution we will illustrate this analysis and show results based on simulations of LST-1.

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  153. HAWC J2227+610: a potential PeVatron candidate for the CTA in the northern hemisphere Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Agudo I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Aschersleben J., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P., Barbier C., Barbosa Martins V., Barcelo M., Barkov M., Barnard M., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Batista P.I., Batkovic I., Bauer C., Bautista-González R., Baxter J., Becciani U., Becerra González J., Becherini Y., Beck G., Becker Tjus J., Bednarek W., Belfiore A., Bellizzi L., Belmont R., Benbow W., Berge D., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernlöhr K., Berti A.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    Recent observations of the gamma-ray source HAWC J2227+610 by Tibet AS+MD and LHAASO confirm the special interest of this source as a galactic PeVatron candidate in the northern hemisphere. HAWC J2227+610 emits Very High Energy (VHE) gamma-rays up to 500 TeV, from a region coincident with molecular clouds and significantly displaced from the nearby pulsar J2229+6114. Even if this morphology favours an hadronic origin, both leptonic or hadronic models can describe the current VHE gamma-ray emission. The morphology of the source is not well constrained by the present measurements and a better characterisation would greatly help the understanding of the underlying particle acceleration mechanisms. The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the future most sensitive Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope and, thanks to its unprecedented angular resolution, could contribute to better constrain the nature of this source. The present work investigates the potentiality of CTA to study the morphology and the spectrum of HAWC J2227+610. For this aim, the source is simulated assuming the hadronic model proposed by the Tibet AS+MD collaboration, recently fitted on multi-wavelength data, and two spatial templates associated to the source nearby molecular clouds. Different CTA layouts and observation times are considered. A 3D map based analysis shows that CTA is able to significantly detect the extension of the source and to attribute higher detection significance to the simulated molecular cloud template compared to the alternative one. CTA data does not allow to disentangle the hadronic and the leptonic emission models. However, it permits to correctly reproduce the simulated parent proton spectrum characterized by a ∼ 500 TeV cutoff.

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  154. Southern African Large Telescope Spectroscopy of BL Lacs for the CTA project Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Agudo I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Aschersleben J., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P., Barbier C., Barbosa Martins V., Barcelo M., Barkov M., Barnard M., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Batista P.I., Batkovic I., Bauer C., Bautista-González R., Baxter J., Becciani U., Becerra González J., Becherini Y., Beck G., Becker Tjus J., Bednarek W., Belfiore A., Bellizzi L., Belmont R., Benbow W., Berge D., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernlöhr K., Berti A.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    In the last two decades, very-high-energy gamma-ray astronomy has reached maturity: over 200 sources have been detected, both Galactic and extragalactic, by ground-based experiments. At present, Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) make up about 40% of the more than 200 sources detected at very high energies with ground-based telescopes, the majority of which are blazars, i.e. their jets are closely aligned with the line of sight to Earth and three quarters of which are classified as high-frequency peaked BL Lac objects. One challenge to studies of the cosmological evolution of BL Lacs is the difficulty of obtaining redshifts from their nearly featureless, continuum-dominated spectra. It is expected that a significant fraction of the AGN to be detected with the future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) observatory will have no spectroscopic redshifts, compromising the reliability of BL Lac population studies, particularly of their cosmic evolution. We started an effort in 2019 to measure the redshifts of a large fraction of the AGN that are likely to be detected with CTA, using the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT). In this contribution, we present two results from an on-going SALT program focused on the determination of BL Lac object redshifts that will be relevant for the CTA observatory.

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  155. The Small-Sized Telescopes for the Southern Site of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Amans J.P., Berge D., Bonanno G., Bose R.B., Brown A.M., Buckley J.H., Chadwick P.M., Conte F., Cotter G., De Frondat F., De Simone N., Dournaux J.L., Duffy C.A., Einecke S., Fasola G., Funk S., Giavitto G., Hinton J.A., Huet J.M., La Palombara N., Lapington J.S., Laporte P., Leach S.A., Leto G., Lloyd S., Lombardi S., Nayak A., Okumura A., Pareschi G., Prokoph H., Rébert E., Ross D., Rowell G., Scuderi S., Sol H., Spencer S., Tajima H., Trois A., Vercellone S., Vink J., Watson J.J., White R., Zech A.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will use three telescope sizes to efficiently detect cosmic gamma rays in the energy range from several tens of GeV to hundreds of TeV. The Small-Sized Telescopes (SSTs) will form the largest section of the array, covering an area of many square kilometres on the CTA southern site in Paranal, Chile. Up to 70 SSTs will be implemented by an international consortium of institutes and teams as an in-kind contribution to the CTA Observatory. The SSTs will provide unprecedented sensitivity to gamma rays above 1 TeV and the highest angular resolution of any instrument above the hard X-ray band. CTA has recently finalised the technology that will be used for the SSTs: the telescopes will be a dual-reflector design with a primary reflector of 4 m diameter, equipped with an SiPM-based camera with full waveform readout from ∼2000 channels covering a ∼9° field of view. The Schwarzschild-Couder optical configuration leads to a small plate-scale, and consequently a compact, cost-efficient camera. In this contribution, we describe the experience gained operating telescope and camera prototypes during the CTA preparatory phase, and the development of the final SST design.

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  156. The Cherenkov Telescope Array: layout, design and performance Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Agudo I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Aschersleben J., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P., Barbier C., Barbosa Martins V., Barcelo M., Barkov M., Barnard M., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Batista P.I., Batkovic I., Bauer C., Bautista-González R., Baxter J., Becciani U., Becerra González J., Becherini Y., Beck G., Becker Tjus J., Bednarek W., Belfiore A., Bellizzi L., Belmont R., Benbow W., Berge D., Bernardini E., Bernardos M.I., Bernlöhr K., Berti A.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation very-high-energy gamma-ray observatory. CTA is expected to provide substantial improvement in accuracy and sensitivity with respect to existing instruments thanks to a tenfold increase in the number of telescopes and their state-of-the-art design. Detailed Monte Carlo simulations are used to further optimise the number of telescopes and the array layout, and to estimate the observatory performance using updated models of the selected telescope designs. These studies are presented in this contribution for the two CTA stations located on the island of La Palma (Spain) and near Paranal (Chile) and for different operation and observation conditions.

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  157. The Cherenkov Telescope Array transient and multi-messenger program Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Carosi A., López-Oramas A., Longo F., Abdalla H., Abe H., Abe S., Abusleme A., Acero F., Acharyya A., Acín Portella V., Ackley K., Adam R., Adams C., Adhikari S.S., Aguado-Ruesga I., Agudo I., Aguilera R., Aguirre-Santaella A., Aharonian F., Alberdi A., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Aloisio R., Alves Batista R., Amans J.P., Amati L., Amato E., Ambrogi L., Ambrosi G., Ambrosio M., Ammendola R., Anderson J., Anduze M., Angüner E.O., Antonelli L.A., Antonuccio V., Antoranz P., Anutarawiramkul R., Aragunde Gutierrez J., Aramo C., Araudo A., Araya M., Arbet-Engels A., Arcaro C., Arendt V., Armand C., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Arsioli B., Artero M., Asano K., Ascasíbar Y., Aschersleben J., Ashley M., Attinà P., Aubert P., Singh C.B., Baack D., Babic A., Backes M., Baena V., Bajtlik S., Baktash A., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Balmaverde B., Bamba A., Bandiera R., Baquero Larriva A., Barai P., Barbier C., Barbosa Martins V., Barcelo M., Barkov M., Barnard M., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Bastieri D., Batista P.I., Batkovic I., Bauer C., Bautista-González R., Baxter J., Becciani U., Becerra González J., Becherini Y., Beck G., Becker Tjus J., Bednarek W., Belfiore A., Bellizzi L., Belmont R., Benbow W., Berge D., Bernardini E.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a next generation ground-based very-high-energy gamma-ray observatory that will allow for observations in the >10 GeV range with unprecedented photon statistics and sensitivity. This will enable the investigation of the yet-marginally explored physics of short-time-scale transient events. CTA will thus become an invaluable instrument for the study of the physics of the most extreme and violent objects and their interactions with the surrounding environment. The CTA Transient program includes follow-up observations of a wide range of multi-wavelength and multi-messenger alerts, ranging from compact galactic binary systems to extragalactic events such as gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), core-collapse supernovae and bright AGN flares. In recent years, the first firm detection of GRBs by current Cherenkov telescope collaborations, the proven connection between gravitational waves and short GRBs, as well as the possible neutrino-blazar association with TXS 0506+056 have shown the importance of coordinated follow-up observations triggered by these different cosmic signals in the framework of the birth of multi-messenger astrophysics. In the next years, CTA will play a major role in these types of observations by taking advantage of its fast slewing (especially for the CTA Large Size Telescopes), large effective area and good sensitivity, opening new opportunities for time-domain astrophysics in an energy range not affected by selective absorption processes typical of other wavelengths. In this contribution we highlight the common approach adopted by the CTA Transients physics working group to perform the study of transient sources in the very-high-energy regime.

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  158. Status and results of the prototype LST of CTA Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Mazin D., Abe H., Aguasca A., Agudo I., Antonelli L.A., Aramo C., Armstrong T., Artero M., Asano K., Ashkar H., Aubert P., Baktash A., Bamba A., Baquero Larriva A., Baroncelli L., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J.A., Batkovic I., Becerra González J., Bernardos M.I., Berti A., Biederbeck N., Bigongiari C., Blanch O., Bonnoli G., Bordas P., Bose D., Bulgarelli A., Burelli I., Buscemi M., Cardillo M., Caroff S., Carosi A., Cassol F., Cerruti M., Chai Y., Cheng K., Chikawa M., Chytka L., Contreras J.L., Cortina J., Costantini H., Dalchenko M., De Angelis A., de Bony de Lavergne M., Deleglise G., Delgado C., Delgado Mengual J., della Volpe D., Depaoli D., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Díaz C., Dominik R.M., Dominis Prester D., Donini A., Dorner D., Doro M., Elsässer D., Emery G., Escudero J., Fiasson A., Foffano L., Fonseca M.V., Freixas Coromina L., Fukami S., Fukazawa Y., Garcia E., Garcia López R., Giglietto N., Giordano F., Gliwny P., Godinovic N., Green D., Grespan P., Gunji S., Hackfeld J., Hadasch D., Hahn A., Hassan T., Hayashi K., Heckmann L., Heller M., Herrera Llorente J., Hirotani K., Hoffmann D., Horns D., Houles J., Hrabovsky M., Hrupec D., Hui D., Hütten M., Inada T., Inome Y., Iori M., Ishio K., Iwamura Y., Jacquemont M., Jimenez Martinez I., Jouvin L.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 395   2022.3

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    The Large-Sized Telescopes (LSTs) of Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) are designed for gamma-ray studies focusing on low energy threshold, high flux sensitivity, rapid telescope repositioning speed and a large field of view. Once the CTA array is complete, the LSTs will be dominating the CTA performance between 20 GeV and 150 GeV. During most of the CTA Observatory construction phase, however, the LSTs will be dominating the array performance until several TeVs. In this presentation we will report on the status of the LST-1 telescope inaugurated in La Palma, Canary islands, Spain in 2018. We will show the progress of the telescope commissioning, compare the expectations with the achieved performance, and give a glance of the first physics results.

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  159. Design and performance of the prototype Schwarzschild-Couder telescope camera Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Adams, CB; Ambrosi, G; Ambrosio, M; Aramo, C; Arlen, T; Benbow, W; Bertucci, B; Bissaldi, E; Biteau, J; Bitossi, M; Boiano, A; Bonavolontà, C; Bose, R; Bouvier, A; Buscemi, M; Brill, A; Brown, AM; Buckley, JH; Canestrari, R; Capasso, M; Caprai, M; Coppi, P; Covault, CE; Depaoli, D; Di Venere, L; Errando, M; Fegan, S; Feng, Q; Fiandrini, E; Furniss, A; Garczarczyk, M; Gent, A; Giglietto, N; Giordano, F; Giro, E; Halliday, R; Hervet, O; Hughes, G; Incardona, S; Humensky, TB; Ionica, M; Jin, WD; Johnson, CA; Kieda, D; Krennrich, F; Kuznetsov, A; Lapington, J; Licciulli, F; Loporchio, S; Marsella, G; Masone, V; Meagher, K; Meures, T; Mode, BAW; Mognet, SA; Mukherjee, R; Okumura, A; Pantaleo, FR; Paoletti, R; Di Pierro, F; Ribeiro, D; Riitano, L; Roache, E; Ross, D; Rousselle, J; Rugliancich, A; Santander, M; Schneider, M; Schoorlemmer, H; Shang, RY; Stevenson, B; Stiaccini, L; Tajima, H; Taylor, LP; Thornhill, J; Tosti, L; Tripodo, G; Vagelli, V; Valentino, M; Vandenbroucke, J; Vassiliev, VV; Wakely, SP; Watson, JJ; White, R; Wilcox, P; Williams, DA; Wood, M; Yu, P; Zink, A

    JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPES INSTRUMENTS AND SYSTEMS   Vol. 8 ( 1 )   2022.1

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    The prototype Schwarzschild-Couder Telescope (pSCT) is a candidate for a medium-sized telescope in the Cherenkov Telescope Array. The pSCT is based on a dual-mirror optics design that reduces the plate scale and allows for the use of silicon photomultipliers as photodetectors. The prototype pSCT camera currently has only the central sector instrumented with 25 camera modules (1600 pixels), providing a 2.68-deg field of view (FoV). The camera electronics are based on custom TARGET (TeV array readout with GSa/s sampling and event trigger) application-specific integrated circuits. Field programmable gate arrays sample incoming signals at a gigasample per second. A single backplane provides camera-wide triggers. An upgrade of the pSCT camera that will fully populate the focal plane is in progress. This will increase the number of pixels to 11,328, the number of backplanes to 9, and the FoV to 8.04 deg. Here, we give a detailed description of the pSCT camera, including the basic concept, mechanical design, detectors, electronics, current status, and first light.

    DOI: 10.1117/1.JATIS.8.1.014007

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  160. The Small-Sized Telescope of CTAO Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Tagliaferri, G; Antonelli, A; Arnesen, T; Aschersleben, J; Attinà, P; Balbo, M; Bang, S; Barcelo, M; Baryshev, A; Bellassai, G; Berge, D; Bicknell, C; Bigongiari, C; Bonnoli, G; Bouley, F; Brown, A; Bulgarelli, A; Cappi, M; Caraveo, P; Caschera, S; Chadwick, P; Conte, F; Cotter, G; Cristofari, P; De Frondat, F; Dal Pino, ED; De Simone, N; Depaoli, D; Dournaux, JL; Duffy, C; Einecke, S; Fermino, C; Funk, S; Gargano, C; Giavitto, G; Giuliani, A; Greenshaw, T; Hinton, J; Huet, JM; Iovenitti, S; La Palombara, N; Lapington, J; Laporte, P; Leach, S; Lessio, L; Leto, G; Lloyd, S; Lucarelli, F; Lombardi, S; Macchi, A; Martinetti, E; Miccichè, A; Millul, R; Mineo, T; Mitsunari, T; Nayak, A; Nicotra, G; Okumura, A; Pareschi, G; Penno, M; Prokoph, H; Rebert, E; Righi, C; Rulten, C; Russo, F; Sanchez, RZ; Saturni, FG; Schaefer, J; Schwab, B; Scuderi, S; Sironi, G; Sliusar, V; Sol, H; Spencer, S; Stamerra, A; Tajima, H; Tavecchio, F; Tosti, G; Trois, A; Vecchi, M; Vercellone, S; Vink, J; Walter, R; Watson, J; White, R; Zanin, R; Zampieri, L; Zech, A; Zink, A

    GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE TELESCOPES IX   Vol. 12182   2022

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Proceedings of SPIE the International Society for Optical Engineering  

    The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) consists of three types of telescopes: large-sized (LST), mediumsized (MST), and small-sized (SST), distributed in two observing sites (North and South). For the CTA South "Alpha Configuration"the construction and installation of 37 (+5) SST telescopes (a number that could increase up to 70 in future upgrades) are planned. The SSTs are developed by an international consortium of institutes that will provide them as an in-kind contribution to CTAO. The SSTs rely on a Schwarzschild-Couder-like dual-mirror polynomial optical design, with a primary mirror of 4 m diameter, and are equipped with a focal plane camera based on SiPM detectors covering a field of view of ∼9°. The current SST concept was validated by developing the prototype dual-mirror ASTRI-Horn Cherenkov telescope and the CHEC-S SiPM focal plane camera. In this contribution, we will present an overview of the SST key technologies, the current status of the SST project, and the planned schedule.

    DOI: 10.1117/12.2627956

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  161. SOlar Neutron and Gamma-ray Spectroscopy Mission (SONGS) Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Yamaoka, K; Tajima, H; Miyata, K; Usami, M; Watabe, T; Matsushita, K; Ito, K; Nakazawa, K; Masuda, S; Tani, K; Arai, M; Hatori, S; Kume, K; Mizushima, S; Takahashi, H; Watanabe, K

    SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2022: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY   Vol. 12181   2022

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Proceedings of SPIE the International Society for Optical Engineering  

    The SOlar Neutron and Gamma-ray Spectroscopy (SONGS) mission is a 3U cubesat dedicated for detecting neutrons and gamma-rays associated with intense solar flares. Solar neutron observations have not been in progress because ground-based observations are affected by attenuation in the Earth atmosphere, and there is no dedicated mission in space at present. Hence, we are now developing in collaboration between science and engineering people at universities, and preparing for launch around 2024 during the next solar maximum. The SONGS carries a novel radiation detector which consists of multi-layered plastic scintillator bars and GAGG(Ce) scintillator array so that it can determine energies for both neutrons and gamma-rays. In total 704 signals from Silicon photo-multipliers (SiPMs) are processed by 45 ASICs with very low power consumption, and realized within limited resources. In this presentation, we will describe scientific motivation, mission and instrument overview, and results from the bread-board model (BBM).

    DOI: 10.1117/12.2629131

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  162. AstroPix: Novel monolithic active pixel silicon sensors for future gamma-ray telescopes Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Steinhebel, AL; Fleischhack, H; Striebig, N; Jadhav, M; Suda, Y; Luz, R; Kierans, C; Caputo, R; Tajima, H; Leys, R; Peric, I; Metcalfe, J; Perkins, JS

    SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2022: ULTRAVIOLET TO GAMMA RAY   Vol. 12181   2022

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    Space-based γ-ray telescopes such as the Fermi Large Area Telescope have used single sided silicon strip detectors to track secondary charged particles produced by primary γ-rays with high resolution. At the lower energies targeted by keV-MeV telescopes, two dimensional position information within a single detector is required for event reconstruction - especially in the Compton regime. This work describes the development of monolithic CMOS active pixel silicon sensors – AstroPix – as a novel technology for use in future γ-ray telescopes. Based upon sensors (ATLASPix) designed for use in the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider, AstroPix has the potential to maintain high performance while reducing noise with low power consumption. This is achieved with the dual detection and readout capabilities in each CMOS pixel. The status of AstroPix development and testing, as well as outlook for future testing and application, will be presented.

    DOI: 10.1117/12.2630405

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  163. NEW MISSION CONCEPT: COMPTON TELESCOPE WITH CODED APERTURE MASK AND ITS SCIENCE PERSPECTIVES Reviewed

    Moiseev A., Asner D.M., Baring M.G., Bloser P.F., Bolotnikov A.E., Bottacini E., Cannady N., Carini G.A., Collmar W., Coogan A., DeNolfo G., Digel S., Eberle V., Enßlin T., Grenier I., Harding A., Hartmann D., Herrmann S., Kazanas D., Kerr M., Krivonos R., Laurent P., Limousin O., Longo F., Mitchell J.W., Morrison L., Morselli A., Moskalenko I.V., Mushotzky R.F., Negro M., Orlando E., Phlips B., Profumo S., Sakai K., Sasaki M., Shawhan P., Shrader C.R., Shy D., Skinner G.K., Smith L., Stecker F., Stochaj S.J., Strong A.W., Sturner S., Tajima H., Thompson D., Tomsick J., Vigliano A., Wadiasingh Z., Woolf R., Yates E., Ziock K.P., Zoglauer A.

    Frascati Physics Series   Vol. 74   page: 81 - 96   2022

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    The Galactic Explorer with a Coded Aperture Mask Compton Telescope (GECCO) is a novel Explorer-class concept for a next-generation telescope covering the poorly explored hard X-ray and soft γ-ray energies (0.1 MeV – 10 MeV). This concept builds upon the heritage of past and current missions, improving sensitivity and angular resolution. GECCO uses the combined Coded Aperture Mask and Compton telescope techniques to employ the benefits of both: superior angular resolution provided by the Coded Aperture, and good background rejection and wide field-of-view provided by the Compton telescope. It is being developed at NASA/GSFC in collaboration with other US and foreign institutions. GECCO observations will extend arcminute angular resolution to high-energy images of the Galactic plane, and will make a bridge between X-ray optics instruments and the high-energy γ-ray instruments, enabling a broad potential for discoveries in the MeV γ-ray sky.

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  164. High-energy gamma-rays and neutrons observed in very impulsive solar flare on 2012 June 3 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Kohki Kamiya, Kiyokazu Koga, Satoshi Masuda, Haruhisa Matsumoto, Yasushi Muraki, Osamu Okudaira, Shoichi Shibata, Hiroyasu Tajima, Yasuyuki Tanaka, Tokonatu Yamamoto, Kyoko Watanabe

    Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan   Vol. 73 ( 6 ) page: 1443 - 1469   2021.12

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    DOI: 10.1093/pasj/psab089

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  165. Catalog of Long-term Transient Sources in the First 10 yr of Fermi-LAT Data Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Baldini, L; Ballet, J; Bastieri, D; Gonzalez, JB; Bellazzini, R; Berretta, A; Bissaldi, E; Blandford, RD; Bloom, ED; Bonino, R; Bottacini, E; Bruel, P; Buson, S; Cameron, RA; Caraveo, PA; Cavazzuti, E; Chen, S; Chiaro, G; Ciangottini, D; Cibario, N; Ciprini, S; Orestano, PC; Crnogorcevic, M; Cutini, S; D'Ammando, F; Luque, PD; de Palma, F; Digel, SW; Di Lalla, N; Dirirsa, F; Di Venere, L; Domínguez, A; Fiori, A; Fleischhack, H; Franckowiak, A; Fukazawa, Y; Funk, S; Fusco, P; Gargano, F; Gasparrini, D; Germani, S; Giglietto, N; Giordano, F; Giroletti, M; Green, D; Grenier, IA; Griffin, S; Guiriec, S; Gustafsson, M; Hewitt, JW; Horan, D; Imazawa, R; Jóhannesson, G; Kerr, M; Kocevski, D; Kuss, M; Larsson, S; Latronico, L; Li, J; Liodakis, I; Longo, F; Loparco, F; Lovellette, MN; Lubrano, P; Maldera, S; Manfreda, A; Martí-Devesa, G; Matake, H; Mazziotta, MN; Mereu, I; Meyer, M; Mirabal, N; Mitthumsiri, W; Mizuno, T; Monzani, ME; Morselli, A; Moskalenko, IV; Nagasawa, S; Negro, M; Ojha, R; Orienti, M; Orlando, E; Palatiello, M; Paliya, V; Paneque, D; Pei, Z; Persic, M; Pesce-Rollins, M; Petrosian, V; Poon, H; Porter, TA; Principe, G; Racusin, JL; Rainò, S; Rando, R; Rani, B; Razzano, M; Razzaque, S; Reimer, A; Reimer, O; Parkinson, PMS; Scotton, L; Serini, D; Sgrò, C; Siskind, EJ; Spandre, G; Spinelli, P; Suson, DJ; Tajima, H; Tak, D; Torres, DF; Tosti, G; Troja, E; Wood, K; Yassine, M; Zaharijas, G

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES   Vol. 256 ( 1 )   2021.9

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    We present the first Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) catalog of long-term γ-ray transient sources (1FLT). This comprises sources that were detected on monthly time intervals during the first decade of Fermi-LAT operations. The monthly timescale allows us to identify transient and variable sources that were not yet reported in other Fermi-LAT catalogs. The monthly data sets were analyzed using a wavelet-based source detection algorithm that provided the candidate new transient sources. The search was limited to the extragalactic regions of the sky to avoid the dominance of the Galactic diffuse emission at low Galactic latitudes. The transient candidates were then analyzed using the standard Fermi-LAT maximum likelihood analysis method. All sources detected with a statistical significance above 4σ in at least one monthly bin were listed in the final catalog. The 1FLT catalog contains 142 transient γ-ray sources that are not included in the 4FGL-DR2 catalog. Many of these sources (102) have been confidently associated with active galactic nuclei (AGNs): 24 are associated with flat-spectrum radio quasars, 1 with a BL Lac object, 70 with blazars of uncertain type, 3 with radio galaxies, 1 with a compact steep-spectrum radio source, 1 with a steep-spectrum radio quasar, and 2 with AGNs of other types. The remaining 40 sources have no candidate counterparts at other wavelengths. The median γ-ray spectral index of the 1FLT-AGN sources is softer than that reported in the latest Fermi-LAT AGN general catalog. This result is consistent with the hypothesis that detection of the softest γ-ray emitters is less efficient when the data are integrated over year-long intervals.

    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ac072a

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  166. Fermi Large Area Telescope Performance after 10 Years of Operation Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    M. Ajello, W. B. Atwood, M. Axelsson, R. Bagagli, M. Bagni, L. Baldini, D. Bastieri, F. Bellardi, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, J. Bregeon, A. Brez, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, S. Buson, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, E. Cavazzuti, M. Ceccanti, S. Chen, C. C. Cheung, S. Ciprini, I. Cognard, J. Cohen-Tanugi, S. Cutini, F. D'Ammando, P. De La Torre Luque, F. De Palma, S. W. Digel, F. Dirirsa, N. Di Lalla, L. Di Venere, A. Domínguez, D. Fabiani, E. C. Ferrara, A. Fiori, G. Foglia, Y. Fukazawa, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, D. Green, S. Griffin, M. H. Grondin, J. E. Grove, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, M. Gustafsson, E. Hays, D. Horan, G. Jóhannesson, T. J. Johnson, T. Kamae, M. Kerr, M. Kuss, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, M. Lemoine-Goumard, J. Li, I. Liodakis, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, S. Maldera, A. Manfreda, G. Martí-Devesa, M. N. Mazziotta, N. Menon, I. Mereu, M. Meyer, P. F. Michelson, M. Minuti, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, M. Mongelli, M. E. Monzani, I. V. Moskalenko, M. Negro, E. Nuss, R. Ojha, M. Orienti, E. Orlando, A. Paccagnella, V. S. Paliya, D. Paneque, Z. Pei, J. S. Perkins, M. Pesce-Rollins, M. Pinchera, F. Piron, H. Poon, T. A. Porter, R. Primavera, G. Principe, J. L. Racusin, S. Rain, R. Rando, B. Rani, E. Rapposelli, M. Razzano, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, J. J. Russell, N. Saggini, P. M. Saz Parkinson, N. Scolieri, D. Serini, C. Sgr, E. J. Siskind, D. A. Smith, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, J. G. Thayer, D. J. Thompson, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, J. Valverde, L. Vigiani, G. Zaharijas

    Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series   Vol. 256 ( 1 )   2021.9

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:American Astronomical Society  

    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ac0ceb

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  167. Solar Neutron and Gamma-ray Detector for a 3U CubeSat Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Yamaoka K., Tajima H., Miyata K., Inamori T., Sasai Y., Kawahara H., Park J.H., Nakazawa K., Masuda S., Matsushita K., Itoh K., Nobashi D., Takahashi H., Watanabe K.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 358   2021.7

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    Solar neutron observations are very important on understanding of particle acceleration mechanism in the Sun. However, previous ground-based observations with large area telescope (∼10 m<sup>2</sup>)at high latitude are not sensitive to solar neutrons due to attenuation in the earth atmosphere and roughly 10 detection since its discovery in 1980. From space, the SEDA-AP instrument with much smaller area (100 cm<sup>2</sup>) onboard the International Space Station (ISS) monitored solar neutrons including charged particles, and successfully detected more than 30 detection since its launch in 2009. Unfortunately the SEDA-AP operation was stopped on March 2018. To overcome situation for no mission dedicated for solar neutrons, we have designed and developed a solar neutron and gamma-ray detector for a 3U cubesat with a size of 30×10×10 cm. Actually we launched the 50-kg class ChubuSat-2 satellite for solar neutron observations on February 2016, and have now been adjusting it to a 3U cubesat application. The solar neutron and gamma-ray detector consists of multi-layered plastic scintillator bars, and GAGG(Ce) scintillator array, and both of them are read out with silicon photo-multipliers (Si PMs). More than 600 signals from Si PMs are processed by ASICs. In this paper, we will describe details of the detector and performance of its breadboard model (BBM).

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  168. Solar Neutrons Observed from September 4 to 10, 2017 by SEDA-FIB Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Kamiya K., Koga K., Matsumoto H., Masuda S., Muraki Y., Tajima H., Shibata S.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 358   2021.7

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    The SEDA-FIB is a detector designed to measure solar neutrons. This solar neutron detector was operated onboard the ISS on July 16, 2009 and March 31, 2018. Eighteen large solar flares were later observed by the GOES satellite in solar active region 12673 that appeared on September 4 and lasted until September 10, 2017, with intensity higher than > M2. In nine of those solar flares, the SEDA-FIB detected clear signals of solar neutrons, along with five minor excesses. Among these events, we focus on two associated with the flares of X2.2 (SOL2017-09-06) and X8.2 (SOL2017-09-10) that share a common feature: a process of accelerating electrons into high energies as clearly recorded by the FERMI-GBM detector. These events may provide us with useful information to elucidate the ion acceleration process. The X8.2 event was a limb flare that proved adequate for fixing the parameters needed to explain the process of particle acceleration into high energies. According to our analysis, the electron acceleration process may possibly be explained by the shock acceleration model. However, we found that it would be difficult to explain the simultaneous acceleration of ions with electrons, unless the ions were preheated prior to their rapid acceleration.

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  169. High-energy emission from a magnetar giant flare in the Sculptor galaxy Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Ajello, M; Atwood, WB; Axelsson, M; Baldini, L; Barbiellini, G; Baring, MG; Bastieri, D; Bellazzini, R; Berretta, A; Bissaldi, E; Blandford, RD; Bonino, R; Bregeon, J; Bruel, P; Buehler, R; Burns, E; Buson, S; Cameron, RA; Caraveo, PA; Cavazzuti, E; Chen, S; Cheung, CC; Chiaro, G; Ciprini, S; Costantin, D; Crnogorcevic, M; Cutini, S; D'Ammando, F; Luque, PD; de Palma, F; Digel, SW; Di Lalla, N; Di Venere, L; Dirirsa, FF; Fukazawa, Y; Funk, S; Fusco, P; Gargano, F; Giglietto, N; Gill, R; Giordano, F; Giroletti, M; Granot, J; Green, D; Grenier, IA; Griffin, S; Guiriec, S; Hays, E; Horan, D; Jóhannesson, G; Kerr, M; Kovacevic, M; Kuss, M; Larsson, S; Latronico, L; Li, J; Longo, F; Loparco, F; Lovellette, MN; Lubrano, P; Maldera, S; Manfreda, A; Martí-Devesa, G; Mazziotta, MN; McEnery, JE; Mereu, I; Michelson, PF; Mizuno, T; Monzani, ME; Morselli, A; Moskalenko, IV; Negro, M; Omodei, N; Orienti, M; Orlando, E; Paliya, VS; Paneque, D; Pei, Z; Pesce-Rollins, M; Piron, F; Poon, H; Porter, TA; Principe, G; Racusin, JL; Rainò, S; Rando, R; Rani, B; Razzaque, S; Reimer, A; Reimer, O; Parkinson, PMS; Scargle, JD; Scotton, L; Serini, D; Sgrò, C; Siskind, EJ; Spandre, G; Spinelli, P; Tajima, H; Takahashi, MN; Tak, D; Torres, DF; Tosti, G; Troja, E; Wadiasingh, Z; Wood, K; Yassine, M; Yusafzai, A; Zaharijas, G

    NATURE ASTRONOMY   Vol. 5 ( 4 ) page: 385 - +   2021.4

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    Magnetars are the most highly magnetized neutron stars in the cosmos (with magnetic field 10<sup>13</sup>–10<sup>15</sup> G). Giant flares from magnetars are rare, short-duration (about 0.1 s) bursts of hard X-rays and soft γ rays<sup>1,2</sup>. Owing to the limited sensitivity and energy coverage of previous telescopes, no magnetar giant flare has been detected at gigaelectronvolt (GeV) energies. Here, we report the discovery of GeV emission from a magnetar giant flare on 15 April 2020 (refs. <sup>3,4</sup> and A. J. Castro-Tirado et al., manuscript in preparation). The Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope detected GeV γ rays from 19 s until 284 s after the initial detection of a signal in the megaelectronvolt (MeV) band. Our analysis shows that these γ rays are spatially associated with the nearby (3.5 megaparsecs) Sculptor galaxy and are unlikely to originate from a cosmological γ-ray burst. Thus, we infer that the γ rays originated with the magnetar giant flare in Sculptor. We suggest that the GeV signal is generated by an ultra-relativistic outflow that first radiates the prompt MeV-band photons, and then deposits its energy far from the stellar magnetosphere. After a propagation delay, the outflow interacts with environmental gas and produces shock waves that accelerate electrons to very high energies; these electrons then emit GeV γ rays as optically thin synchrotron radiation. This observation implies that a relativistic outflow is associated with the magnetar giant flare, and suggests the possibility that magnetars can power some short γ-ray bursts.

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  170. Detection of the Crab Nebula with the 9.7 m prototype Schwarzschild-Couder telescope Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    C. B. Adams, R. Alfaro, G. Ambrosi, M. Ambrosio, C. Aramo, T. Arlen, P. I. Batista, W. Benbow, B. Bertucci, E. Bissaldi, J. Biteau, M. Bitossi, A. Boiano, C. Bonavolontà, R. Bose, A. Bouvier, A. Brill, A. M. Brown, J. H. Buckley, K. Byrum, R. A. Cameron, R. Canestrari, M. Capasso, M. Caprai, C. E. Covault, D. Depaoli, M. Errando, S. Fegan, Q. Feng, E. Fiandrini, G. Foote, P. Fortin, S. Funk, A. Furniss, F. Garfias, A. Gent, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, E. Giro, M. M. González, V. Guarino, R. Halliday, O. Hervet, J. Holder, G. Hughes, T. B. Humensky, M. Ionica, A. Iriarte, W. Jin, C. A. Johnson, P. Kaaret, D. Kieda, B. Kim, A. Kuznetsov, J. S. Lapington, F. Licciulli, S. Loporchio, V. Masone, K. Meagher, T. Meures, B. A.W. Mode, S. A.I. Mognet, R. Mukherjee, T. Nguyen, D. Nieto, A. Okumura, N. Otte, N. La Palombara, F. R. Pantaleo, R. Paoletti, G. Pareschi, A. Petrashyk, F. Di Pierro, E. Pueschel, P. T. Reynolds, D. Ribeiro, G. Richards, E. Roache, D. Ross, J. Rousselle, A. Rugliancich, J. Ruíz-Díaz-Soto, M. Santander, S. Schlenstedt, M. Schneider, S. Scuderi, R. Shang, G. Sironi, B. Stevenson, L. Stiaccini, H. Tajima, L. P. Taylor, J. Thornhill, L. Tosti, G. Tovmassian, V. Vagelli, M. Valentino, J. Vandenbroucke, V. V. Vassiliev, L. Di Venere, S. P. Wakely, J. J. Watson, R. White, P. Wilcox, D. A. Williams, M. Wood, P. Yu, A. Zink

    Astroparticle Physics   Vol. 128   2021.3

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2021.102562

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  171. Silicon photomultiplier (Si-PM) comparisons for low-energy gamma ray readouts with BGO and CsI (Tl) scintillators Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Takahashi, Hiromitsu, Hirade, Naoyoshi, Uchida, Nagomi, Hirose, Kengo, Mizuno, Tsunefumi, Fukazawa, Yasushi, Yamaoka, Kazutaka, Tajima, Hiroyasu, Ohno, Masanori

    NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT   Vol. 989   page: 164945 - 164945   2021.2

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    We studied herein the low-energy performances of three multi-pixel photon counters (MPPCs, silicon photo-multipliers, Si-PMs), namely, S13360-6050VE, S13360-6050CS, and S14160-6050HS, provided by Hamamatsu K.K. to read 1 cm(3) BGO and CsI (Tl) scintillators. S13360s had 1/4 lower dark currents, while S14160-6050HS had 25% higher quantum efficiency and 1.5x higher gain with a lower operational voltage. S13360-6050VE and S14160-6050HS were used for surface mounting, while S13360-6050CS was in a black ceramic case. We changed the overvoltage and found that the best performances are achieved at overvoltages of +4 V and +2.5 V for S13360s and S14160-6050HS, respectively. In the case of the BGO scintillator, S13360-6050VE obtained a lower threshold of 6 keV compared to 9 keV of S14160-6050HS. Both surface-mounting Si-PMs achieved an energy resolution of similar to 35% at 59.5 keV of the Am-241 source. The threshold and the energy resolution of S13360-6050CS were the worst, because the black case absorbed approximately half of the scintillation photons. The CsI (Tl) scintillator yielded a number of scintillation photons that was 6x higher than the BGO. The same trends were measured for the three MPPCs. This result is attributable to the lower threshold determined by the dark current, and the energy resolution mainly dominated by the statistical fluctuation of the scintillation photons.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2020.164945

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  172. Performance evaluation of GAGG(Ce)/LFS scintillator + MPPC array readout with ASIC Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Daiki Nobashi, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Hiroyasu Tajima, Kazuya Ito

    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment   Vol. 986   2021.1

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2020.164811

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  173. Technical and scientific performance of the prototype Schwarzschild-Couder Telescope for CTA Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Adams, CB; Ambrosi, G; Ambrosio, M; Aramo, C; Batista, PI; Benbow, W; Bertucci, B; Bissaldi, E; Bitossi, M; Boiano, A; Bonavolontà, C; Bose, R; Brill, A; Brown, AM; Buckley, JH; Canestrari, R; Capasso, M; Caprai, M; Covault, CE; De Paoli, D; Di Venere, L; Errando, M; Fegan, S; Feng, Q; Fiandrini, E; Furniss, A; Gent, A; Giglietto, N; Giordano, F; Giro, E; Halliday, R; Hervet, O; Holder, J; Humensky, TB; Incardona, S; Ionica, M; Jin, W; Kieda, DB; Licciulli, F; Loporchio, S; Marsella, G; Masone, V; Meagher, K; Meures, T; Mode, BAW; Mognet, SAI; Mukherjee, R; Nieto, D; Okumura, A; Otte, N; Pantaleo, FR; Paoletti, R; Pareschi, G; Di Pierro, F; Pueschel, E; Ribeiro, D; Riitano, L; Roache, E; Ross, D; Rousselle, J; Rugliancich, A; Santander, M; Shang, R; Stiaccini, L; Tajima, H; Taylor, LP; Tosti, L; Tovmassian, G; Tripodo, G; Vagelli, V; Valentino, M; Vanderbrouke, JJ; Vassiliev, VV; Watson, JJ; White, R; Williams, DA; Yu, P; Zink, A

    ASTRONOMICAL OPTICS: DESIGN, MANUFACTURE, AND TEST OF SPACE AND GROUND SYSTEMS III   Vol. 11820   2021

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    The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the next-generation ground-based observatory for very-high-energy gamma rays. One candidate design for CTA’s medium-sized telescopes consists of the Schwarzschild-Couder Telescope (SCT), featuring innovative dual-mirror optics. The SCT project has built and is currently operating a 9.7-m prototype SCT (pSCT) at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory (FLWO); such optical design enables the use of a compact camera with state-of-the art silicon photomultiplier detectors. A partially-equipped camera has recently successfully detected the Crab Nebula with a statistical significance of 8.6 standard deviations. A funded upgrade of the pSCT focal plane sensors and electronics is currently ongoing, which will bring the total number of channels from 1600 to 11328 and the telescope field of view from about 2.7<sup>◦</sup> to 8<sup>◦</sup>. In this work, we will describe the technical and scientific performance of the pSCT.

    DOI: 10.1117/12.2594580

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  174. Origin of the in-orbit instrumental background of the Hard X-ray Imager onboard Hitomi Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Kouichi Hagino, Hirokazu Odaka, Goro Sato, Tamotsu Sato, Hiromasa Suzuki, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Madoka Kawaharada, Masanori Ohno, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Shogo B. Kobayashi, Hiroaki Murakami, Katsuma Miyake, Makoto Asai, Tatsumi Koi, Greg Madejski, Shinya Saito, Dennis H. Wright, Teruaki Enoto, Yasushi Fukazawa, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Jun Kataoka, Junichiro Katsuta, Motohide Kokubun, Philippe Laurent, François Lebrun, Olivier Limousin, Daniel Maier, Kazuo Makishima, Kunishiro Mori, Takeshi Nakamori, Toshio Nakano, Hirofumi Noda, Masayuki Ohta, Rie Sato, Hiroyasu Tajima, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Tadayuki Takahashi, Shin’ichiro Takeda, Takaaki Tanaka, Yukikatsu Terada, Hideki Uchiyama, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Shin Watanabe, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Yoichi Yatsu, Takayuki Yuasa

    Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems   Vol. 6 ( 4 )   2020.10

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    DOI: 10.1117/1.JATIS.6.4.046003

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  175. <i>Fermi</i> Large Area Telescope Fourth Source Catalog Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abdollahi, S; Acero, F; Ackermann, M; Ajello, M; Atwood, WB; Axelsson, M; Baldini, L; Ballet, J; Barbiellini, G; Bastieri, D; Gonzalez, JB; Bellazzini, R; Berretta, A; Bissaldi, E; Blandford, RD; Bloom, ED; Bonino, R; Bottacini, E; Brandt, TJ; Bregeon, J; Bruel, P; Buehler, R; Burnett, TH; Buson, S; Cameron, RA; Caputo, R; Caraveo, PA; Casandjian, JM; Castro, D; Cavazzuti, E; Charles, E; Chaty, S; Chen, S; Cheung, CC; Chiaro, G; Ciprini, S; Cohen-Tanugi, J; Cominsky, LR; Coronado-Blázquez, J; Costantin, D; Cuoco, A; Cutini, S; D'Ammando, F; DeKlotz, M; Luque, PD; de Palma, F; Desai, A; Digel, SW; Di Lalla, N; Di Mauro, M; Di Venere, L; Domínguez, A; Dumora, D; Dirirsa, FF; Fegan, SJ; Ferrara, EC; Franckowiak, A; Fukazawa, Y; Funk, S; Fusco, P; Gargano, F; Gaspanini, D; Giglietto, N; Giommi, P; Giordano, F; Giroletti, M; Glanzman, T; Green, D; Grenier, IA; Griffin, S; Grondin, MH; Grove, JE; Guiriec, S; Harding, AK; Hayashi, K; Hays, E; Hewitt, JW; Horan, D; Jóhannesson, G; Johnson, TJ; Kamae, T; Kerr, M; Kocevski, D; Kovac'evic, M; Kuss, M; Landriu, D; Larsson, S; Latronico, L; Lemoine-Goumard, M; Li, J; Liodakis, ; Longo, F; Loparco, F; Lott, B; Lovellette, MN; Lubrano, P; Madejski, GM; Maldera, S; Malyshev, D; Manfreda, A; Marchesini, J; Marcotulli, L; Martí-Devesa, G; Martin, P; Massaro, F; Mazziotta, MN; McEnery, JE; Mereu, ; Meyer, M; Michelson, PF; Mirabal, N; Mizuno, T; Monzani, ME; Morselli, A; Moskalenko, I; Negro, M; Nuss, E; Ojha, R; Omodei, N; Orienti, M; Orlando, E; Ormes, JF; Palatiello, M; Paliya, VS; Paneque, D; Pei, Z; Peña-Herazo, H; Perkins, JS; Persic, M; Pesce-Rollms, M; Petrosian, ; Petrov, L; Piron, F; Poon, H; Porter, TA; Principe, G; Rainò, S; Rando, R; Razzano, M; Razzaque, S; Reimer, A; Reimer, O; Remy, Q; Reposeur, T; Romani, RW; Parkinson, PMS; Schinzel, FK; Serini, D; Sgrò, C; Siskind, EJ; Smith, DA; Spandre, G; Spinelli, P; Strong, AW; Suson, DJ; Tajima, H; Takahashi, MN; Tak, D; Thayer, JB; Thompson, DJ; Tibaldo, L; Torres, DF; Torresi, E; Valverde, J; Van Klaveren, B; van Zyl, P; Wood, K; Yassine, M; Zaharijas, G

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES   Vol. 247 ( 1 )   2020.3

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    We present the fourth Fermi Large Area Telescope catalog (4FGL) of γ-ray sources. Based on the first eight years of science data from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope mission in the energy range from 50 MeV to 1 TeV, it is the deepest yet in this energy range. Relative to the 3FGL catalog, the 4FGL catalog has twice as much exposure as well as a number of analysis improvements, including an updated model for the Galactic diffuse γ-ray emission, and two sets of light curves (one-year and two-month intervals). The 4FGL catalog includes 5064 sources above 4σ significance, for which we provide localization and spectral properties. Seventy-five sources are modeled explicitly as spatially extended, and overall, 358 sources are considered as identified based on angular extent, periodicity, or correlated variability observed at other wavelengths. For 1336 sources, we have not found plausible counterparts at other wavelengths. More than 3130 of the identified or associated sources are active galaxies of the blazar class, and 239 are pulsars.

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  176. Study of the Cosmic Rays and Interstellar Medium in Local H i Clouds Using Fermi-LAT Gamma-Ray Observations Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    T. Mizuno, S. Abdollahi, Y. Fukui, K. Hayashi, T. Koyama, A. Okumura, H. Tajima, H. Yamamoto

    The Astrophysical Journal   Vol. 890 ( 2 )   2020.2

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab6a99

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  177. Fermi and Swift Observations of GRB 190114C: Tracing the Evolution of High-energy Emission from Prompt to Afterglow Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    M. Ajello, M. Arimoto, M. Axelsson, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, A. Berretta, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, E. Burns, S. Buson, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, P. A. Caraveo, E. Cavazzuti, S. Chen, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, J. Cohen-Tanugi, D. Costantin, S. Cutini, F. D'Ammando, M. Deklotz, P. De La Torre Luque, F. De Palma, A. Desai, N. Di Lalla, L. Di Venere, F. Fana Dirirsa, S. J. Fegan, A. Franckowiak, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, R. Gill, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, J. Granot, D. Green, I. A. Grenier, M. H. Grondin, S. Guiriec, E. Hays, D. Horan, G. Jóhannesson, D. Kocevski, M. Kovac'Evic', M. Kuss, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, M. Lemoine-Goumard, J. Li, I. Liodakis, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, S. Maldera, D. Malyshev, A. Manfreda, G. Martí-Devesa, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, I. Mereu, M. Meyer, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, M. E. Monzani, E. Moretti, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, M. Negro, E. Nuss, N. Omodei, M. Orienti, E. Orlando, M. Palatiello, V. S. Paliya, D. Paneque, Z. Pei, M. Persic, M. Pesce-Rollins, V. Petrosian, F. Piron, H. Poon, T. A. Porter, G. Principe, J. L. Racusin, S. Rain, R. Rando, B. Rani, M. Razzano, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, F. Ryde, P. M. Saz Parkinson, D. Serini, C. Sgr, E. J. Siskind, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, H. Tajima, K. Takagi, M. N. Takahashi, D. Tak, J. B. Thayer, D. J. Thompson, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, J. Valverde, B. Van Klaveren, K. Wood, M. Yassine, G. Zaharijas, B. Mailyan, P. N. Bhat, M. S. Briggs, W. Cleveland, M. Giles, A. Goldstein, M. Hui, Christian Malacaria, R. Preece, O. J. Roberts, P. Veres, C. Wilson-Hodge, A. Von Kienlin, S. B. Cenko, P. O'Brien, A. P. Beardmore, A. Lien, J. P. Osborne, A. Tohuvavohu, V. D'Elia, A. D'A, M. Perri, J. Gropp, N. Klingler, M. Capalbi, G. Tagliaferri, M. Stamatikos, M. De Pasquale

    Astrophysical Journal   Vol. 890 ( 1 )   2020.2

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab5b05

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  178. Front-end electronics of the Compact High Energy Camera Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Leach, S.A., Lapington, J.S., Ross, D., Thornhill, J., Duffy, C., Funk, S., Zink, A., Jankowsky, D., White, R., Zorn, J., Tibaldo, L., Varner, G., Okumura, A., Tajima, H., Watson, J.

    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment   Vol. 952   2020.2

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2018.12.061

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  179. Lecture series for encouraging commercial space utilization for the general public Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Miyata K., Tomioka K., Yamaoka K., Tanaka H., Tajima H.

    Proceedings of the International Astronautical Congress Iac   Vol. 2020-October   2020

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    Nagoya University has been performed a five-year education program for doctoral course students aimed to develop international leaders with a broad foundation and the ability to spearhead the expansion of space utilization and related industries since FY2012. Expanding this experience, we started a new lecture series for encouraging commercial space utilization for the general public since 2019. We offer two kinds of lecture series: fundamental and practical courses. This paper introduces the overview, current status, and achievement of the lectures. The lectures period is set as two weeks and the lectures summarize the important essence of the five-year education program. We already performed three fundamental courses and one practical course at the end of Apr. 2020. The fundamental course aims to learn the overview of space development, the current status of satellite utilization, and project management. The practical course aims to learn more detailed elements for some important aspects of satellite development or utilization. Each course consists of classroom lectures and practical hands-on training. The questionnaire to the applicants is performed at an appropriate time. The effectiveness of each topic is evaluated with the results. The authors believe that these reports help the related educational program establishment or modification in the future.

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  180. Bright Gamma-Ray Flares Observed in GRB 131108A Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    M. Ajello, M. Arimoto, K. Asano, M. Axelsson, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, A. Berretta, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, S. Buson, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, P. A. Caraveo, E. Cavazzuti, S. Chen, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, D. Costantin, S. Cutini, F. D'Ammando, P. De La Torre Luque, F. De Palma, N. Di Lalla, L. Di Venere, F. Fana Dirirsa, S. J. Fegan, A. Franckowiak, Y. Fukazawa, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, D. Green, I. A. Grenier, M. H. Grondin, S. Guiriec, E. Hays, D. Horan, G. Jóhannesson, D. Kocevski, M. Kovac'Evic, M. Kuss, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, I. Liodakis, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, S. Maldera, A. Manfreda, G. Martí-Devesa, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, I. Mereu, P. F. Michelson, T. Mizuno, M. E. Monzani, E. Moretti, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, M. Negro, E. Nuss, M. Ohno, N. Omodei, M. Orienti, E. Orlando, M. Palatiello, V. S. Paliya, D. Paneque, Z. Pei, M. Persic, M. Pesce-Rollins, V. Petrosian, F. Piron, H. Poon, T. A. Porter, G. Principe, J. L. Racusin, S. Rainó, R. Rando, B. Rani, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, D. Serini, C. Sgró, E. J. Siskind, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, H. Tajima, K. Takagi, D. Tak, D. F. Torres, J. Valverde, K. Wood, R. Yamazaki, M. Yassine, S. Zhu, Z. Lucas Uhm, Bing Zhang

    Astrophysical Journal Letters   Vol. 886 ( 2 )   2019.12

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    DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab564f

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  181. Fermi-LAT γ-Ray Study of the Interstellar Medium and Cosmic Rays in the Chamaeleon Molecular Cloud Complex: A Look at the Dark Gas as Optically Thick H i Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    H. Sano, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Yasuo Fukui, Ryuji Okamoto, Hiroaki Yamamoto, Naoya Hidaka, Akira Okumura, Hiroyasu Tajima, Hidetoshi Sano

    The Astrophysical Journal   Vol. 884 ( 2 )   2019.10

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    We report a Fermi-LAT $\gamma$-ray analysis for the Chamaeleon<br />
    molecular-cloud complex using a total column density (NH) model based on the<br />
    dust optical depth at 353 GHz ($\tau_{353}$) with the Planck thermal dust<br />
    emission model. Gamma rays with energy from 250 MeV to 100 GeV are fitted with<br />
    the NH model as a function of $\tau_{353}$, NH $\propto$<br />
    $\tau_{353}^{1/\alpha}$ ($\alpha$ $\geq$ 1.0), to explicitly take into account<br />
    a possible nonlinear $\tau_{353}$/NH ratio. We found that a nonlinear relation,<br />
    $\alpha$$\sim$1.4, gives the best fit to the $\gamma$-ray data. This nonlinear<br />
    relation may indicate dust evolution effects across the different gas phases.<br />
    Using the best-fit NH model, we derived the CO-to-H2 conversion factor (XCO)<br />
    and gas mass, taking into account uncertainties of the NH model. The value of<br />
    XCO is found to be (0.63-0.76) $\times$10$^{20}$ cm$^{-2}$ K$^{-1}$ km$^{-1}$<br />
    s, which is consistent with that of a recent $\gamma$-ray study of the<br />
    Chamaeleon region. The total gas mass is estimated to be (6.0-7.3) $\times$<br />
    10$^{4}$ Msun, of which the mass of additional gas not traced by standard HI or<br />
    CO line surveys is 20-40%. The additional gas amounts to 30-60% of the gas mass<br />
    estimated in the case of optically thin HI and has 5-7 times greater mass than<br />
    the molecular gas traced by CO. Possible origins of the additional gas are<br />
    discussed based on scenarios of optically thick HI and CO-dark H2. We also<br />
    derived the $\gamma$-ray emissivity spectrum, which is consistent with the<br />
    local HI emissivity derived from LAT data within the systematic uncertainty of<br />
    $\sim$20%

    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab4351

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    arXiv

  182. A Search for Cosmic-Ray Proton Anisotropy with the Fermi Large Area Telescope Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Fermi-Lat Collaboration, T., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Bl, ford, R.D., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Br, t, T.J., Bruel, P., Buson, S., Cameron, R.A., Caputo, R., Cavazzuti, E., Chen, S., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Costantin, D., Cuoco, A., Cutini, S., D{'}Amm, o, F., De La Torre Luque, P., De Palma, F., Desai, A., Digel, S.W., Di Lalla, N., Di Venere, L., Dom{\'i}nguez, A., Fegan, S.J., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Green, D., Grenier, I.A., Guiriec, S., Hayashi, K., Hays, E., Hewitt, J.W., Horan, D., J{\'o}hannesson, G., Kuss, M., Latronico, L., Li, J., Liodakis, I., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lubrano, P., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Mart{\'i}-Devesa, G., Mazziotta, M.N., Meehan, M., Mereu, I., Meyer, M., Michelson, P.F., Mirabal, N., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Morselli, A., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Omodei, N., Orienti, M., Orl, o, E., Paliya, V.S., Paneque, D., Persic, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T.A., Principe, G., Rain{\`o}, S., R, o, R., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Serini, D., Sgr{\`o}, C., Siskind, E.J., Sp, re, G., Spinelli, P., Suson, D.J., Tajima, H., Thayer, J.B., Torres, D.F., Troja, E., V, enbroucke, J., Yassine, M., Zimmer, S.

    Astrophysical Journal   Vol. 883 ( 1 )   2019.9

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab3a2e

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  183. Monte Carlo studies for the optimisation of the Cherenkov Telescope Array layout Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Acharyya A, Agudo I, Anguner E. O, Alfaro R, Alfaro J, Alispach C, Aloisio R, Alves Batista R, Amans J-P, Amati L, Amato E, Ambrosi G, Antonelli L. A, Aramo C, Armstrong T, Arqueros F, Arrabito L, Asano K, Ashkar H, Balazs C, Balbo M, Balmaverde B, Barai P, Barbano A, Barkov M, Barres de Almeida U, Barrio J. A, Bastieri D, Becerra Gonzalez J, Tjus J. Becker, Bellizzi L, Benbow W, Bernardini E, Bernardos M. I, Bernloehr K, Berti A, Berton M, Bertucci B, Beshley V

    ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS   Vol. 111   page: 35 - 53   2019.9

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Elsevier BV  

    DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2019.04.001

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  184. A Decade of Gamma-Ray Bursts Observed by Fermi-LAT: The Second GRB Catalog Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Ajello, M., Arimoto, M., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bellazzini, R., Bhat, P.N., Bissaldi, E., Bl, ford, R.D., Bonino, R., Bonnell, J., Bottacini, E., Bregeon, J., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Cameron, R.A., Caputo, R., Caraveo, P.A., Cavazzuti, E., Chen, S., Cheung, C.C., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Costantin, D., Crnogorcevic, M., Cutini, S., Dainotti, M., D{'}Amm, o, F., Torre Luque, P.D.L., Palma, F.D., Desai, A., Desiante, R., Lalla, N.D., Venere, L.D., Dirirsa, F.F., Fegan, S.J., Franckowiak, A., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Green, D., Grenier, I.A., Grove, J.E., Guiriec, S., Hays, E., Hewitt, J.W., Horan, D., J{\'o}hannesson, G., Kocevski, D., Kuss, M., Latronico, L., Li, J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lovellette, M.N., Lubrano, P., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Marti-Devesa, G., Mazziotta, M.N., Mereu, I., Meyer, M., Michelson, P.F., Mirabal, N., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monzani, M.E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I.V., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Ohno, M., Omodei, N., Orienti, M., Orl, o, E., Palatiello, M., Paliya, V.S., Paneque, D., Persic, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Petrosian, V., Piron, F., Poolakkil, S., Poon, H., Porter, T.A., Principe, G., Racusin, J.L., Raino, S., R, o, R., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Ryde, F., Serini, D., Sgro, C., Siskind, E.J., Sonbas, E., Sp, re, G., Spinelli, P., Suson, D.J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, M., Tak, D., Thayer, J.B., Torres, D.F., Troja, E., Valverde, J., Veres, P., Vianello, G., Von Kienlin, A., Wood, K., Yassine, M., Zhu, S., Zimmer, S.

    Astrophysical Journal   Vol. 878 ( 1 )   2019.6

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab1d4e

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  185. MAGIC and Fermi-LAT gamma-ray results on unassociated HAWC sources Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Ahnen, M.L., Ansoldi, S., Antonelli, L.A., Arcaro, C., Baack, D., Babi?, A., Banerjee, B., Bangale, P., Barres De Almeida, U., Barrio, J.A., Becerra Gonz{\'a}lez, J., Bednarek, W., Bernardini, E., Berse, R.C., Berti, A., Bhattacharyya, W., Bil, , A., Blanch, O., Bonnoli, G., Carosi, R., Carosi, A., Ceribella, G., Chatterjee, A., Colak, S.M., Colin, P., Colombo, E., Contreras, J.L., Cortina, J., Covino, S., Cumani, P., Da Vela, P., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., De Lotto, B., Delfino, Delgado, J., Di Pierro, F., Dom{\'i}nguez, A., Dominis Prester, D., Dorner, D., Doro, M., Einecke, S., Elsaesser, D., Fallah Ramazani, V., Fern{\'a}ndez-Barral, A., Fidalgo, D., Fonseca, M.V., Font, L., Fruck, C., Galindo, D., Garc{\'i}a L{\'o}pez, R.J., Garczarczyk, M., Gaug, M., Giammaria, P., Godinovi?, N., Gora, D., Guberman, D., Hadasch, D., Hahn, A., Hassan, T., Hayashida, M., Herrera, J., Hose, J., Hrupec, D., Ishio, K., Konno, Y., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., Kuvedi?, D., Lelas, D., Lindfors, E., Lombardi, S., Longo, L{\'o}pez, M., Maggio, C., Majumdar, P., Makariev, M., Maneva, G., Manganaro, M., Mannheim, K., Maraschi, L., Mariotti, M., Mart{\'i}nez, M., Masuda, S., Mazin, Mielke, K., Minev, M., Mir, a, J.M., Mirzoyan, R., Moralejo, A., Moreno, V., Moretti, E., Nagayoshi, T., Neustroev, V., Niedzwiecki, A., Nievas Rosillo, M., Nigro, C., Nilsson, K., Ninci, D., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nogu{\'e}s, L., Paiano, S., Palacio, J., Paneque, D., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J.M., Pedaletti, G., Peresano, M., Persic, M., Prada Moroni, P.G., Pr, ini, E., Puljak, I., Garcia, J.R., Reichardt, I., Rhode, W., Rib{\'o}, M., Rico, J., Righi, C., Rugliancich, A., Saito, T., Satalecka, K., Schweizer, T., Sitarek, J., ?nidari?, I., Sobczynska, D., Stamerra, A., Strzys, M., Suri?, T., Takahashi, M., Takalo, L., Tavecchio, F., Temnikov, P., Terzi?, T., Teshima, Torres-Alb{\`a}, N., Treves, A., Tsujimoto, S., Vanzo, G., Vazquez Acosta, M., Vovk, I., Ward, J.E., Will, M., Zari?, D., Albert, A., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Arceo, R., Arteaga-Vel{\'a}zquez, J.C., Avila Rojas, D., Ayala Solares, H.A., Becerril, A., Belmont-Moreno, E., Benzvi, S.Y., Bernal, A., Braun, J., Caballero-Mora, K.S., Capistr{\'a}n, T., Carrami{\~n}ana, A., Casanova, S., Castillo, M., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., Couti{\~n}o De Le{\'o}n, S., De Le{\'o}n, C., De La Fuente, E., Diaz Hern, ez, R., Dichiara, S., Dingus, B.L., Duvernois, M.A., D{\'i}az-V{\'e}lez, J.C., Ellsworth, R.W., Engel, K., Enriquez-Rivera, O., Fiorino, D., Fleischhack, H., Fraija, N., Garc{\'i}a-Gonz{\'a}lez, J.A., Garfias, F., Gonz{\'a}lez-Mu{\~n}oz, A., Gonz{\'a}lez, M.M., Goodman, J.A., Hampel-Arias, Z., Harding, J.P., Hern, ez, S., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hui, C.M., H{\"u}ntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Kaufmann, S., Lara, A., Lauer, R.J., Lee, W.H., Lennarz, D., Le{\'o}n Vargas, H., Linnemann, J.T., Longinotti, A.L., Luis-Raya, G., Luna-Garc{\'i}a, R., L{\'o}pez-Coto, Malone, K., Marinelli, S.S., Martinez, O., Martinez-Castellanos, I., Mart{\'i}nez-Castro, J., Mart{\'i}nez-Huerta, H., Matthews, J.A., Mir, a-Romagnoli, P., Moreno, E., Mostaf{\'a}, M., Nayerhoda, A., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Nisa, M.U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Pelayo, R., Pretz, J., P{\'e}rez-P{\'e}rez, E.G., Ren, Z., Rho, C.D., Rivi{\`e}re, C., Rosa-Gonz{\'a}lez, D., Rosenberg, M., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Salesa Greus, F., S, oval, A., Schneider, M., Seglar Arroyo, M., Sinnis, G., Smith, A.J., Springer, R.W., Surajbali, P., Taboada, I., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Ukwatta, T.N., Vianello, G., Villase{\~n}or, L., Werner, F., Westerhoff, S., Wood, J., Yapici, T., Yodh, G., Zepeda, A., Zhou, H., ?lvarez, J.D., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Barbiellini, G., Berenji, B., Bissaldi, E., Bl, ford, R.D., Bonino, R., Bottacini, Br, t, T.J., Bregeon, J., Bruel, P., Cameron, R.A., Caputo, R., Caraveo, P.A., Castro, D., Cavazzuti, E., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, Costantin, D., D{'}Amm, o, De Palma, F., Desai, A., Di Lalla, N., Di Mauro, M., Di Venere, L., Dom{\'i}nguez, A., Favuzzi, C., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, Gargano, F., Gasparrini, Giglietto, N., Giordano, Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Green, D., Grenier, I.A., Guiriec, S., Harding, A.K., Hays, E., Hewitt, J.W., Horan, D., J{\'o}hannesson, Kuss, M., Larsson, Liodakis, I., Longo, Loparco, F., Lubrano, P., Magill, J.D., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Mazziotta, M.N., Mereu, I., Michelson, P.F., Mizuno, T., Monzani, M.E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I.V., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Omodei, N., Orienti, M., Orl, o, E., Ormes, J.F., Palatiello, M., Paliya, V.S., Persic, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Petrosian, V., Piron, F., Porter, T.A., Principe, G., Rain{\`o}, S., Rani, B., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, Sgr{\`o}, C., Siskind, E.J., Sp, re, G., Spinelli, Tajima, H., Takahashi, M., Thayer, J.B., Thompson, D.J., Torres, D.F., Torresi, E., Troja, E., Valverde, J., Wood, K., Yassine

    Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society   Vol. 485 ( 1 ) page: 356 - 366   2019.5

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    DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stz089

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  186. Event-selection technique for the multi-layer Si-CdTe Compton camera onboard Hitomi Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Ohno Masanori, Fukazawa Yasushi, Mizuno Tsunefumi, Takahashi Hiromitsu, Tanaka Yasuyuki, Katsuta Jun'ichiro, Kawano Takafumi, Habata Sho, Okada Chiho, Ohashi Norie, Teramae Takuto, Tanaka Koji, Takahashi Tadayuki, Kokubun Motohide, Watanabe Shin, Sato Goro, Sato Rie, Ohta Masayuki, Uchida Yusuke, Tamaru Ryota, Yoneda Hiroki, Nakazawa Kazuhiro, Murakami Hiroaki, Tajima Hiroyasu, Yamaoka Kazutaka, Kinoshita Masaomi, Hayashi Katsuhiro, Kitaguchi Takao, Odaka Hirokazu

    NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT   Vol. 924   page: 327 - 331   2019.4

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2018.09.114

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  187. Introduction to CTA Science Reviewed International coauthorship

    Acharya B. S., Agudo I., Al Samarai I., Alfaro R., Alfaro J., Alispach C., Batista R. Alves, Amans J. -P., Amato E., Ambrosi G., Antolini E., Antonelli L. A., Aramo C., Araya M., Armstrong T., Arqueros F., Arrabito L., Asano K., Ashley M., Backes M., Balazs C., Balbo M., Ballester O., Ballet J., Bamba A., Barkov M., Barres de Almeida U., Barrio J. A., Bastieri D., Becherini Y., Belfiore A., Benbow W., Berge D., Bernardini E., Bernardini M. G., Bernardos M., Bernloehr K., Bertucci B., Biasuzzi B., Bigongiari C., Biland A., Bissaldi E., Biteau J., Blanch O., Blazek J., Boisson C., Bolmont J., Bonanno G., Bonardi A., Bonavolonta C., Bonnoli G., Bosnjak Z., Bottcher M., Braiding C., Bregeon J., Brill A., Brown A. M., Brun P., Brunetti G., Buanes T., Buckley J., Bugaev V., Buehler R., Bulgarelli A., Bulik T., Burton M., Burtovoi A., Busetto G., Canestrari R., Capalbi M., Capitanio F., Caproni A., Caraveo P., Cardenas V., Carlile C., Carosi R., Carquin E., Carr J., Casanova S., Cascone E., Catalani F., Catalano O., Cauz D., Cerruti M., Chadwick P., Chaty S., Chaves R. C. G., Chen A., Chen X., Chernyakova M., Chikawa M., Christov A., Chudoba J., Cieslar M., Coco V., Colafrancesco S., Colin P., Conforti V., Connaughton V., Conrad J., Contreras J. L., Cortina J., Costa A., Costantini H., Cotter G., Covino S., Crocker R., Cuadra J., Cuevas O., Cumani P., D'Ai A., D'Ammando F., D'Avanzo P., D'Urso D., Daniel M., Davids I., Dawson B., Dazzi F., De Angelis A., de Cassia dos Anjos R., De Cesare G., De Franco A., De Gouveia Dal Pino E. M., de la Calle I., Lopez R. de los Reyes, De Lotto B., De Luca A., De Lucia M., de Naurois M., de Ona Wilhelmi E., De Palma F., De Persio F., de Souza V., Deil C., Del Santo M., Delgado C., della Volpe D., Di Girolamo T., Di Pierro F., Di Venere L., Diaz C., Dib C., Diebold S., Djannati-Atai A., Dominguez A., Prester D. Dominis, Dorner D., Doro M., Drass H., Dravins D., Dubus G., Dwarkadas V. V., Ebr J., Eckner C., Egberts K., Einecke S., Ekoume T. R. N., Elsaesser D., Ernenwein J. -P., Espinoza C., Evoli C., Fairbairn M., Falceta-Goncalves D., Falcone A., Farnier C., Fasola G., Fedorova E., Fegan S., Fernandez-Alonso M., Fernandez-Barral A., Ferrand G., Fesquet M., Filipovic M., Fioretti V., Fontaine G., Fornasa M., Fortson L., Freixas Coromina L., Fruck C., Fujita Y., Fukazawa Y., Funk S., Fuessling M., Gabici S., Gadola A., Gallant Y., Garcia B., Garcia Lopez R., Garczarczyk M., Gaskins J., Gasparetto T., Gaug M., Gerard L., Giavitto G., Giglietto N., Giommi P., Giordano F., Giro E., Giroletti M., Giuliani A., Glicenstein J. -F., Gnatyk R., Godinovic N., Goldoni P., Gomez-Vargas G., Gonzalez M. M., Gonzalez J. M., Gotz D., Graham J., Grandi P., Granot J., Green A. J., Greenshaw T., Griffiths S., Gunji S., Hadasch D., Hara S., Hardcastle M. J., Hassan T., Hayashi K., Hayashida M., Heller M., Helo J. C., Hermann G., Hinton J., Hnatyk B., Hofmann W., Holder J., Horan D., Horandel J., Horns D., Horvath P., Hovatta T., Hrabovsky M., Hrupec D., Humensky T. B., Huetten M., Iarlori M., Inada T., Inome Y., Inoue S., Inoue T., Inoue Y., Iocco F., Ioka K., Iori M., Ishio K., Iwamura Y., Jamrozy M., Janecek P., Jankowsky D., Jean P., Jung-Richardt I., Jurysek J., Kaaret P., Karkar S., Katagiri H., Katz U., Kawanaka N., Kazanas D., Khelifi B., Kieda D. B., Kimeswenger S., Kimura S., Kisaka S., Knapp J., Knodlseder J., Koch B., Kohri K., Komin N., Kosack K., Kraus M., Krause M., Krauss F., Kubo H., Mezek G. Kukec, Kuroda H., Kushida J., La Palombara N., Lamanna G., Lang R. G., Lapington J., Le Blanc O., Leach S., Lees J. -P., Lefaucheur J., Leigui de Oliveira M. A., Lenain J. -P., Lico R., Limon M., Lindfors E., Lohse T., Lombardi S., Longo F., Lopez M., Lopez-Coto R., Lu C. -C., Lucarelli F., Luque-Escamilla P. L., Lyard E., Maccarone M. C., Maier G., Majumdar P., Malaguti G., Mandat D., Maneva G., Manganaro M., Mangano S., Marcowith A., Marin J., Markoff S., Marti J., Martin P., Martinez M., Martinez G., Masetti N., Masuda S., Maurin G., Maxted N., Mazin D., Medina C., Melandri A., Mereghetti S., Meyer M., Minaya I. A., Mirabal N., Mirzoyan R., Mitchell A., Mizuno T., Moderski R., Mohammed M., Mohrmann L., Montaruli T., Moralejo A., Morcuende-Parrilla D., Mori K., Morlino G., Morris P., Morselli A., Moulin E., Mukherjee R., Mundell C., Murach T., Muraishi H., Murase K., Nagai A., Nagataki S., Nagayoshi T., Naito T., Nakamori T., Nakamura Y., Niemiec J., Nieto D., Nikolajuk M., Nishijima K., Noda K., Nosek D., Novosyadlyj B., Nozaki S., O'Brien P., Oakes L., Ohira Y., Ohishi M., Ohm S., Okazaki N., Okumura A., Ong R. A., Orienti M., Orito R., Osborne J. P., Ostrowski M., Otte N., Oya I., Padovani M., Paizis A., Palatiello M., Palatka M., Paoletti R., Paredes J. M., Pareschi G., Parsons R. D., Pe'er A., Pech M., Pedaletti G., Perri M., Persic M., Petrashyk A., Petrucci P., Petruk O., Peyaud B., Pfeifer M., Piano G., Pisarski A., Pita S., Pohl M., Polo M., Pozo D., Prandini E., Prast J., Principe G., Prokhorov D., Prokoph H., Prouza M., Puehlhofer G., Punch M., Puerckhauer S., Queiroz F., Quirrenbach A., Raino S., Razzaque S., Reimer O., Reimer A., Reisenegger A., Renaud M., Rezaeian A. H., Rhode W., Ribeiro D., Ribo M., Richtler T., Rico J., Rieger F., Riquelme M., Rivoire S., Rizi V., Rodriguez J., Fernandez G. Rodriguez, Rodriguez Vazquez J. J., Rojas G., Romano P., Romeo G., Rosado J., Rovero A. C., Rowell G., Rudak B., Rugliancich A., Rulten C., Sadeh I., Safi-Harb S., Saito T., Sakaki N., Sakurai S., Salina G., Sanchez-Conde M., Sandaker H., Sandoval A., Sangiorgi P., Sanguillon M., Sano H., Santander M., Sarkar S., Satalecka K., Saturni F. G., Schioppa E. J., Schlenstedt S., Schneider M., Schoorlemmer H., Schovanek P., Schulz A., Schussler F., Schwanke U., Sciacca E., Scuderi S., Seitenzahl I., Semikoz D., Sergijenko O., Servillat M., Shalchi A., Shellard R. C., Sidoli L., Siejkowski H., Sillanpaa A., Sironi G., Sitarek J., Sliusar V., Slowikowska A., Sol H., Stamerra A., Stanic S., Starling R., Stawarz L., Stefanik S., Stephan M., Stolarczyk T., Stratta G., Straumann U., Suomijarvi T., Supanitsky A. D., Tagliaferri G., Tajima H., Tavani M., Tavecchio F., Tavernet J. -P., Tayabaly K., Tejedor L. A., Temnikov P., Terada Y., Terrier R., Terzic T., Teshima M., Testa V., Thoudam S., Tian W., Tibaldo L., Tluczykont M., Todero Peixoto C. J., Tokanai F., Tomastik J., Tonev D., Tornikoski M., Torres D. F., Torresi E., Tosti G., Tothill N., Tovmassian G., Travnicek P., Trichard C., Trifoglio M., Pujadas I. Troyano, Tsujimoto S., Umana G., Vagelli V., Vagnetti F., Valentino M., Vallania P., Valore L., van Eldik C., Vandenbroucke J., Varner G. S., Vasileiadis G., Vassiliev V., Vazquez Acosta M., Vecchi M., Vega A., Vercellone S., Veres P., Vergani S., Verzi V., Vettolani G. P., Viana A., Vigorito C., Villanueva J., Voelk H., Vollhardt A., Vorobiov S., Vrastil M., Vuillaume T., Wagner S. J., Wagner R., Walter R., Ward J. E., Warren D., Watson J. J., Werner F., White M., White R., Wierzcholska A., Wilcox P., Will M., Williams D. A., Wischnewski R., Wood M., Yamamoto T., Yamazaki R., Yanagita S., Yang L., Yoshida T., Yoshiike S., Yoshikoshi T., Zacharias M., Zaharijas G., Zampieri L., Zandanel F., Zanin R., Zavrtanik M., Zavrtanik D., Zdziarski A. A., Zech A., Zechlin H., Zhdanov V. I., Ziegler A., Zorn J.

    SCIENCE WITH THE CHERENKOV TELESCOPE ARRAY     page: 1-+   2019

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  188. SENSE - Ultimate Low Light-Level Sensor Development Reviewed International coauthorship Open Access

    26TH EXTENDED EUROPEAN COSMIC RAY SYMPOSIUM   Vol. 1181   2019

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    DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1181/1/012082

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  189. Introduction to CTA Science Reviewed International coauthorship

    Acharya B. S, Agudo I, Al Samarai I, Alfaro R, Alfaro J, Alispach C, Batista R. Alves, Amans J. -P, Amato E, Ambrosi G, Antolini E, Antonelli L. A, Aramo C, Araya M, Armstrong T, Arqueros F, Arrabito L, Asano K, Ashley M, Backes M, Balazs C, Balbo M, Ballester O, Ballet J, Bamba A, Barkov M, Barres de Almeida U, Barrio J. A, Bastieri D, Becherini Y, Belfiore A, Benbow W, Berge D, Bernardini E, Bernardini M. G, Bernardos M, Bernloehr K, Bertucci B, Biasuzzi B

    SCIENCE WITH THE CHERENKOV TELESCOPE ARRAY     page: 1-+   2019

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  190. Report on 7-years' Experience of Satellite Instrument Development Project Course Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Miyata K., Tamura K., Tanaka H., Kaneda H., Tajima H.

    Proceedings of the International Astronautical Congress Iac   Vol. 2019-October   2019

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    This paper reports the results of the satellite instrument development educational course called “ChubuSat Instrument Development Project" which was held at Nagoya University for 7 years. The program was part of the Leadership Development Program for Space Exploration and Research, organized from FY2012 to FY2018. The program is a five-year education program for doctoral course students aimed to develop international leaders with a broad foundation and the ability to spearhead the expansion of space utilization and related industries. This paper reports the results of the part of the program. The course enabled students to learn the actual experience in satellite development and testing related to the satellite project. More than 100 people had experience of the course during the 7-years program. Projects are carried out by teams of 5-9 students from different academic fields: both in engineering and science. The course consists of three phases. In the first phase called the mission proposal phase, students make a proposal for a satellite project over six months. In the second phase called the instrument development phase, they can select a course from the following options. 1) Prototyping and testing of on-board instruments to examine the feasibility of the proposed project. 2) Detailed design and verification course to gain experience for the real instrument development including various environmental tests. The third phase called Flight-Model Fabrication Phase, highly feasible satellite on-board instruments selected from the first phase is developed. The interview results having at the end of the course show most of all students satisfied with the course. They cultivated planning, organizational management, and problem-solving skills. In addition, they exchanged their experience and background between disciplines. Moreover, a real satellite project began based on the proposal in this course. In this way, the same educational program had been executed continuously for multi-disciplinary students. The authors believe that these long-term continues course reports help the related educational program establishment or modification in the future.

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  191. Solar neutrons observed from September 4 to 10, 2017 by Seda-Fib Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Kamiya K., Koga K., Matsumoto H., Masuda S., Muraki Y., Tajima H., Shibata S.

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 358   2019

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    The SEDA-FIB is a detector designed to measure solar neutrons. This solar neutron detector was operated onboard the ISS on July 16, 2009 and March 31, 2018. Eighteen large solar flares were later observed by the GOES satellite in solar active region 12673 that appeared on September 4 and lasted until September 10, 2017, with intensity higher than > M2. In nine of those solar flares, the SEDA-FIB detected clear signals of solar neutrons, along with five minor excesses. Among these events, we focus on two associated with the flares of X2.2 (SOL2017-09-06) and X8.2 (SOL2017-09-10) that share a common feature: a process of accelerating electrons into high energies as clearly recorded by the FERMI-GBM detector. These events may provide us with useful information to elucidate the ion acceleration process. The X8.2 event was a limb flare that proved adequate for fixing the parameters needed to explain the process of particle acceleration into high energies. According to our analysis, the electron acceleration process may possibly be explained by the shock acceleration model. However, we found that it would be difficult to explain the simultaneous acceleration of ions with electrons, unless the ions were preheated prior to their rapid acceleration.

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  192. Evaluation of silicon photomultipliers for dual-mirror Small-Sized Telescopes of Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Asano, A., Berge, D., Bonanno, G., Bryan, M., Gebhardt, B., Grillo, A., Hidaka, N., Kachru, P., Lapington, J., Leach, S., Nakamura, Y., Okumura, A., Romeo, G., Ross, D., Stephan, M., Tajima, H., Timpanaro, M.C., White, R., Yamane, N., Zink, A.

    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment   Vol. 912   page: 177 - 181   2018.12

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2017.11.017

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  193. SENSE: A comparison of photon detection efficiency and optical crosstalk of various SiPM devices Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    A. Nagai, C. Alispach, T. Berghöfer, G. Bonanno, V. Coco, D. della Volpe, A. Haungs, M. Heller, K. Henjes-Kunst, R. Mirzoyan, T. Montaruli, G. Romeo, Y. Renier, H. C. Schultz-Coulon, W. Shen, D. Strom, H. Tajima, I. Troyano-Pujadas

    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment   Vol. 912   page: 182 - 185   2018.12

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2017.11.018

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  194. Unresolved Gamma-Ray Sky through its Angular Power Spectrum Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Bl, ford, R.D., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Bregeon, J., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Burns, E., Buson, S., Cameron, R.A., Caputo, R., Caraveo, P.A., Cavazzuti, E., Chen, S., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Costantin, D., Cuoco, A., Cutini, S., D{'}Amm, o, F., de la Torre Luque, P., de Palma, F., Desai, A., Digel, S.W., Di Lalla, N., Di Mauro, M., Di Venere, L., Fana Dirirsa, F., Favuzzi, C., Franckowiak, A., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Green, D., Grenier, I.A., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Horan, D., J{\'o}hannesson, G., Kuss, M., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Li, J., Liodakis, I., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lubrano, P., Magill, J.D., Maldera, S., Malyshev, D., Manfreda, A., Mazziotta, M.N., Mereu, I., Michelson, P.F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monzani, M.E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I.V., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Orienti, M., Orl, o, E., Palatiello, M., Paliya, V.S., Paneque, D., Persic, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Petrosian, V., Piron, F., Porter, T.A., Principe, G., Rain{\`o}, S., R, o, R., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Serini, D., Sgr{\`o}, C., Siskind, E.J., Sp, re, G., Spinelli, P., Suson, D.J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, M., Thayer, J.B., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D.F., Troja, E., Venters, T.M., Vianello, G., Wood, K., Yassine, M., Zaharijas, G., Ammazzalorso, S., Fornengo, N., Regis, M.

    Physical review letters   Vol. 121 ( 24 ) page: 241101 - 241101   2018.12

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    DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.241101

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  195. Detection of polarized gamma-ray emission from the Crab nebula with the Hitomi Soft Gamma-ray Detector Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Aharonian Felix, Akamatsu Hiroki, Akimoto Fumie, Allen Steven W, Angelini Lorella, Audard Marc, Awaki Hisamitsu, Axelsson Magnus, Bamba Aya, Bautz Marshall W, Blandford Roger, Brenneman Laura W, Brown Gregory V, Bulbul Esra, Cackett Edward M, Chernyakova Maria, Chiao Meng P, Coppi Paolo S, Costantini Elisa, de Plaa Jelle, de Vries Cor P, den Herder Jan-Willem, Done Chris, Dotani Tadayasu, Ebisawa Ken, Eckart Megan E, Enoto Teruaki, Ezoe Yuichiro, Fabian Andrew C, Ferrigno Carlo, Foster

    PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN   Vol. 70 ( 6 )   2018.12

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    DOI: 10.1093/pasj/psy118

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  196. A gamma-ray determination of the Universe's star formation history Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abdollahi S, Ackermann M, Ajello M, Atwood W. B, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Gonzalez J. Becerra, Bellazzini R, Bissaldi E, Blandford R. D, Bloom E. D, Bonino R, Bottacini E, Buson S, Bregeon J, Bruel P, Buehler R, Cameron R. A, Caputo R, Caraveo P. A, Cavazzuti E, Charles E, Chen S, Cheung C. C, Chiaro G, Ciprini S, Cohen-Tanugi J, Cominsky L. R, Conrad J, Costantin D, Cutini S, D'Ammando F, de Palma F, Desai A, Digel S. W, Di Lalla N, Di

    SCIENCE   Vol. 362 ( 6418 ) page: 1031 - +   2018.11

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    DOI: 10.1126/science.aat8123

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  197. VERITAS and Fermi-LAT Observations of TeV Gamma-Ray Sources Discovered by HAWC in the 2HWC Catalog Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Abeysekara, A.U., Archer, A., Benbow, W., Bird, R., Brose, R., Buchovecky, M., Buckley, J.H., Bugaev, V., Chromey, A.J., Connolly, M.P., Cui, W., Daniel, M.K., Falcone, A., Feng, Q., Finley, J.P., Fortson, L., Furniss, A., H{\"u}tten, M., Hanna, D., Hervet, O., Holder, J., Hughes, G., Humensky, T.B., Johnson, C.A., Kaaret, P., Kar, P., Kertzman, M., Kieda, D., Krause, M., Krennrich, F., Kumar, S., Lang, M.J., Lin, T.T.Y., McArthur, S., Moriarty, P., Mukherjee, R., O{'}Brien, S., Ong, R.A., Otte, A.N., Park, N., Petrashyk, A., Pohl, M., Pueschel, E., Quinn, J., Ragan, K., Reynolds, P.T., Richards, G.T., Roache, E., Rulten, C., Sadeh, I., Sant, er, M., Sembroski, G.H., Shahinyan, K., Sushch, I., Tyler, J., Wakely, S.P., Weinstein, A., Wells, R.M., Wilcox, P., Wilhelm, A., Williams, D.A., Williamson, T.J., Zitzer, B., Abdollahi, S., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bissaldi, E., Bl, ford, R.D., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Br, t, T.J., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Cameron, R.A., Caputo, R., Caraveo, P.A., Castro, D., Cavazzuti, E., Charles, E., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Costantin, D., Cutini, S., D{'}Amm, o, F., Palma, F.D., Lalla, N.D., Mauro, M.D., Venere, L.D., Dominguez, A., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S.J., Franckowiak, A., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Green, D., Grenier, I.A., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hays, E., Hewitt, J.W., Horan, D., J{\'o}hannesson, G., Kensei, S., Kuss, M., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Li, J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lovellette, M.N., Lubrano, P., Magill, J.D., Maldera, S., Mazziotta, M.N., McEnery, J.E., Michelson, P.F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monzani, M.E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I.V., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Ojha, R., Omodei, N., Orienti, M., Orl, o, E., Palatiello, M., Paliya, V.S., Paneque, D., Perkins, J.S., Persic, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Petrosian, V., Piron, F., Porter, T.A., Principe, G., Raino, S., R, o, R., Rani, B., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Sgro, C., Siskind, E.J., Sp, re, G., Spinelli, P., Suson, D.J., Tajima, H., Thayer, J.B., Thompson, D.J., Torres, D.F., Tosti, G., Troja, E., Valverde, J., Vianello, G., Vogel, M., Wood, K., Yassine, M., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Alvarez, J.D., Arceo, R., Arteaga-Vel{\'a}zquez, J.C., Rojas, D.A., Solares, H.A.A., Becerril, A., Belmont-Moreno, E., Benzvi, S.Y., Bernal, A., Braun, J., Brisbois, C., Caballero-Mora, K.S., Capistr{\'a}n, T., Carraminana, A., Casanova, S., Castillo, M., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., De Le{\'o}n, S.C., Le{\'o}n, C.D., Fuente, E.D.L., Dichiara, S., Dingus, B.L., Duvernois, M.A., Diaz-V{\'e}lez, J.C., Engel, K., Enriquez-Rivera, O., Fiorino, D.W., Fleischhack, H., Fraija, N., Garcia-Gonz{\'a}lez, J.A., Garfias, F., Munoz, A.G., Gonz{\'a}lez, M.M., Goodman, J.A., Hampel-Arias, Z., Harding, J.P., Hern, ez, S., Hern, ez-Almada, A., Hona, B., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hui, C.M., H{\"u}ntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Kaufmann, S., Lara, A., Lauer, R.J., Lee, W.H., Lennarz, D., Vargas, H.L., Linnemann, J.T., Longinotti, A.L., Luis-Raya, G., Luna-Garcia, R., L{\'o}pez-Coto, R., Malone, K., Marinelli, S.S., Martinez, O., Martinez-Castellanos, I., Martinez-Castro, J., Martinez-Huerta, H., Matthews, J.A., Mir, a-Romagnoli, P., Moreno, E., Mostaf{\'a}, M., Nayerhoda, A., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Nisa, M.U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Pelayo, R., Pretz, J., P{\'e}rez-P{\'e}rez, E.G., Ren, Z., Rho, C.D., Riviere, C., Rosa-Gonz{\'a}lez, D., Rosenberg, M., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Salazar, H., Greus, F.S., S, oval, A., Schneider, M., Arroyo, M.S., Sinnis, G., Smith, A.J., Springer, R.W., Surajbali, P., Taboada, I., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Ukwatta, T.N., Villasenor, L., Weisgarber, T., Westerhoff, S., Wisher, I.G., Wood, J., Yapici, T., Yodh, G., Zepeda, A., Zhou, H.

    Astrophysical Journal   Vol. 866 ( 1 )   2018.10

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aade4e

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  198. Characterisation and testing of CHEC-M—A camera prototype for the small-sized telescopes of the Cherenkov telescope array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Zorn, J., White, R., Watson, J.J., Armstrong, T.P., Balzer, A., Barcelo, M., Berge, D., Bose, R., Brown, A.M., Bryan, M., Chadwick, P.M., Clark, P., Costantini, H., Cotter, G., Dangeon, L., Daniel, M., De Franco, A., Deiml, P., Fasola, G., Funk, S., Gebyehu, M., Gironnet, J., Graham, J.A., Greenshaw, T., Hinton, J.A., Kraus, M., Lapington, J.S., Laporte, P., Leach, S.A., Le Blanc, O., Malouf, A., Molyneux, P., Moore, P., Prokoph, H., Okumura, A., Ross, D., Rowell, G., Sapozhnikov, L., Schoorlemmer, H., Sol, H., Stephan, M., Tajima, H., Tibaldo, L., Varner, G., Zink, A.

    Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment   Vol. 904   page: 44-63 - 63   2018.10

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2018.06.078

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  199. Accretion geometry of the black-hole binary Cygnus X-1 from X-ray polarimetry Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Chauvin M, Floren H-G, Friis M, Jackson M, Kamae T, Kataoka J, Kawano T, Kiss M, Mikhalev V, Mizuno T, Ohashi N, Stana T, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Uchida N, Pearce M

    NATURE ASTRONOMY   Vol. 2 ( 8 ) page: 652-655 - 655   2018.8

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    DOI: 10.1038/s41550-018-0489-x

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  200. The Search for Spatial Extension in High-latitude Sources Detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Bl, ford, R.D., Bloom, E.D., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Br, t, T.J., Bregeon, J., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Cameron, R.A., Caputo, R., Caraveo, P.A., Castro, D., Cavazzuti, E., Charles, E., Cheung, C.C., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Costantin, D., Cutini, S., D{'}Amm, o, F., De Palma, F., Desai, A., Di Lalla, N., Di Mauro, M., Di Venere, L., Favuzzi, C., Finke, J., Franckowiak, A., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Green, D., Grenier, I.A., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Hays, E., Hewitt, J.W., Horan, D., J{\'o}hannesson, G., Kensei, S., Kuss, M., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Li, J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lovellette, M.N., Lubrano, P., Magill, J.D., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Mazziotta, M.N., McEnery, J.E., Meyer, M., Mizuno, T., Monzani, M.E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I.V., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Omodei, N., Orienti, M., Orl, o, E., Ormes, J.F., Palatiello, M., Paliya, V.S., Paneque, D., Perkins, J.S., Persic, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Piron, F., Porter, T.A., Principe, G., Rain{\`o}, S., R, o, R., Rani, B., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reposeur, T., Sgr{\`o}, C., Siskind, E.J., Sp, re, G., Spinelli, P., Suson, D.J., Tajima, H., Thayer, J.B., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D.F., Tosti, G., Valverde, J., Venters, T.M., Vogel, M., Wood, K., Wood, M., Zaharijas, G., Biteau, J.

    Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series   Vol. 237 ( 2 )   2018.8

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/aacdf7

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  201. Multimessenger observations of a flaring blazar coincident with high-energy neutrino IceCube-170922A Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Aartsen M. G, Ackermann M, Adams J, Aguilar J. A, Ahlers M, Ahrens M, Al Samarai I, Altmann D, Andeen K, Anderson T, Ansseau I, Anton G, Arguelles C, Auffenberg J, Axani S, Bagherpour H, Bai X, Barron J. P, Barwick S. W, Baum V, Bay R, Beatty J. J, Tjus J. Becker, Becker K. -H, BenZvi S, Berley D, Bernardini E, Besson D. Z, Binder G, Bindig D, Blaufuss E, Blot S, Bohm C, Borner M, Bos F, Boser S, Botner O, Bourbeau E, Bourbeau J, Bradascio F, Braun J, Bren

    SCIENCE   Vol. 361 ( 6398 ) page: eaat1378 - eaat1378   2018.7

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    Previous detections of individual astrophysical sources of neutrinos are limited to the Sun and the supernova 1987A, whereas the origins of the diffuse flux of high-energy cosmic neutrinos remain unidentified. On 22 September 2017, we detected a high-energy neutrino, IceCube-170922A, with an energy of ~290 tera–electron volts. Its arrival direction was consistent with the location of a known γ-ray blazar, TXS 0506+056, observed to be in a flaring state. An extensive multiwavelength campaign followed, ranging from radio frequencies to γ-rays. These observations characterize the variability and energetics of the blazar and include the detection of TXS 0506+056 in very-high-energy γ-rays. This observation of a neutrino in spatial coincidence with a γ-ray–emitting blazar during an active phase suggests that blazars may be a source of high-energy neutrinos.

    DOI: 10.1126/science.aat1378

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  202. Fermi-LAT Observations of LIGO/Virgo Event GW170817 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Ajello, M., Allafort, A., Axelsson, M., Baldini, L., Barbiellini, G., Baring, M.G., Bastieri, D., Bellazzini, R., Berenji, B., Bissaldi, E., Bl, ford, R.D., Bloom, E.D., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Br, t, T.J., Bregeon, J., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Burnett, T.H., Buson, S., Cameron, R.A., Caputo, R., Caraveo, P.A., Cas, jian, J.M., Cavazzuti, E., Chekhtman, A., Cheung, C.C., Chiang, J., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Cominsky, L.R., Costantin, D., Cuoco, A., Cutini, S., D{'}Amm, o, F., Palma, F.D., Lalla, N.D., Mauro, M.D., Venere, L.D., Dubois, R., Dumora, D., Favuzzi, C., Ferrara, E.C., Franckowiak, A., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Gill, R., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Glanzman, T., Granot, J., Green, D., Grenier, I.A., Grondin, M.-H., Guillemot, L., Guiriec, S., Harding, A.K., Hays, E., Horan, D., Imazato, F., J{\'o}hannesson, G., Kamae, T., Kensei, S., Kocevski, D., Kuss, M., Mura, G.L., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Li, J., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lovellette, M.N., Lubrano, P., Magill, J.D., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Mazziotta, M.N., Michelson, P.F., Mizuno, T., Moiseev, A.A., Monzani, M.E., Moretti, E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I.V., Negro, M., Nuss, E., Ojha, R., Omodei, N., Orl, o, E., Ormes, J.F., Palatiello, M., Paliya, V.S., Paneque, D., Persic, M., Pesce-Rollins, M., Petrosian, V., Piron, F., Porter, T.A., Principe, G., Racusin, J.L., Raino, S., R, o, R., Razzano, M., Razzaque, S., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Ritz, S., Rochester, L.S., Ryde, F., Parkinson, P.M.S., Sgro, C., Siskind, E.J., Spada, F., Sp, re, G., Spinelli, P., Suson, D.J., Tajima, H., Takahashi, M., Tak, D., Thayer, J.G., Thayer, J.B., Torres, D.F., Torresi, E., Tosti, G., Troja, E., Valverde, J., Venters, T.M., Vianello, G., Wood, K., Yang, C., Zaharijas, G.

    Astrophysical Journal   Vol. 861 ( 2 )   2018.7

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  203. Erratum: Search for Gamma-Ray Emission from the Coma Cluster with Six Years of Fermi-LAT Data (Astrophysical Journal (2016) 819 (149) DOI: 10.3847/0004-637X/819/2/149) Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Ackermann, M., Ajello, M., Albert, A., Atwood, W.B., Baldini, L., Ballet, J., Barbiellini, G., Bastieri, D., Bechtol, K., Bellazzini, R., Bissaldi, E., Bl, ford, R.D., Bloom, E.D., Bonino, R., Bottacini, E., Bregeon, J., Bruel, P., Buehler, R., Cali, ro, G.A., Cameron, R.A., Caragiulo, M., Caraveo, P.A., Cas, jian, J.M., Cavazzuti, E., Cecchi, C., Charles, E., Chekhtman, A., Chiaro, G., Ciprini, S., Cohen-Tanugi, J., Conrad, J., Cutini, S., D{'}Amm, o, F., Angelis, A.D., Palma, F.D., Desiante, R., Digel, S.W., Venere, L.D., Drell, P.S., Favuzzi, C., Fegan, S.J., Fukazawa, Y., Funk, S., Fusco, P., Gargano, F., Gasparrini, D., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giroletti, M., Godfrey, G., Green, D., Grenier, I.A., Guiriec, S., Hays, E., Hewitt, J.W., Horan, D., J{\'o}hannesson, G., Kuss, M., Larsson, S., Latronico, L., Li, J., Li, L., Longo, F., Loparco, F., Lovellette, M.N., Lubrano, P., Madejski, G.M., Maldera, S., Manfreda, A., Mayer, M., Mazziotta, M.N., Michelson, P.F., Mitthumsiri, W., Mizuno, T., Monzani, M.E., Morselli, A., Moskalenko, I.V., Murgia, S., Nuss, E., Ohsugi, T., Orienti, M., Orl, o, E., Ormes, J.F., Paneque, D., Pesce-Rollins, M., Petrosian, V., Piron, F., Pivato, G., Porter, T.A., Rain{\`o}, S., R, o, R., Razzano, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., S{\'a}nchez-Conde, M., Sgr{\`o}, C., Siskind, E.J., Spada, F., Sp, re, G., Spinelli, P., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Thayer, J.B., Tibaldo, L., Torres, D.F., Tosti, G., Troja, E., Vianello, G., Wood, K.S., Zimmer, S., Rephaeli, Y.

    Astrophysical Journal   Vol. 860 ( 1 )   2018.6

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  204. The PoGO plus view on Crab off-pulse hard X-ray polarization Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Chauvin M, Floren H. -G, Friis M, Jackson M, Kamae T, Kataoka J, Kawano T, Kiss M, Mikhalev V, Mizuno T, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Uchida N, Pearce M

    MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY   Vol. 477 ( 1 ) page: L45 - L49   2018.6

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  205. Hitomi X-ray observation of the pulsar wind nebula G21.5-0.9 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Aharonian, F., Akamatsu, H., Akimoto, F., Allen, S.W., Angelini, L., Audard, M., Awaki, H., Axelsson, M., Bamba, A., Bautz, M.W., Bl, ford, R., Brenneman, L.W., Brown, G.V., Bulbul, E., Cackett, E.M., Chernyakova, M., Chiao, M.P., Coppi, P.S., Costantini, E., De Plaa, J., De Vries, C.P., Den Herder, J.-W., Done, C., Dotani, T., Ebisawa, K., Eckart, M.E., Enoto, T., Ezoe, Y., Fabian, A.C., Ferrigno, C., Foster, A.R., Fujimoto, R., Fukazawa, Y., Furuzawa, A., Galeazzi, M., Gallo, L.C., G, hi, P., Giustini, M., Goldwurm, A., Gu, L., Guainazzi, M., Haba, Y., Hagino, K., Hamaguchi, K., Harrus, I.M., Hatsukade, I., Hayashi, K., Hayashi, T., Hayashida, K., Hiraga, J.S., Hornschemeier, A., Hoshino, A., Hughes, J.P., Ichinohe, Y., Iizuka, R., Inoue, H., Inoue, Y., Ishida, M., Ishikawa, K., Ishisaki, Y., Iwai, M., Kaastra, J., Kallman, T., Kamae, T., Kataoka, J., Katsuda, S., Kawai, N., Kelley, R.L., Kilbourne, C.A., Kitaguchi, T., Kitamoto, S., Kitayama, T., Kohmura, T., Kokubun, M., Koyama, K., Koyama, S., Kretschmar, P., Krimm, H.A., Kubota, A., Kunieda, H., Laurent, P., Lee, S.-H., Leutenegger, M.A., Limousin, O., Loewenstein, M., Long, K.S., Lumb, D., Madejski, G., Maeda, Y., Maier, D., Makishima, K., Markevitch, M., Matsumoto, H., Matsushita, K., McCammon, D., McNamara, B.R., Mehdipour, M., Miller, E.D., Miller, J.M., Mineshige, S., Mitsuda, K., Mitsuishi, I., Miyazawa, T., Mizuno, T., Mori, H., Mori, K., Mukai, K., Murakami, H., Mushotzky, R.F., Nakagawa, T., Nakajima, H., Nakamori, T., Nakashima, S., Nakazawa, K., Nobukawa, K.K., Nobukawa, M., Noda, H., Odaka, H., Ohashi, T., Ohno, M., Okajima, T., Ota, N., Ozaki, M., Paerels, F., Paltani, S., Petre, R., Pinto, C., Porter, F.S., Pottschmidt, K., Reynolds, C.S., Safi-Harb, S., Saito, S., Sakai, K., Sasaki, T., Sato, G., Sato, K., Sato, R., Sawada, M., Schartel, N., Serlemtsos, P.J., Seta, H., Shidatsu, M., Simionescu, A., Smith, R.K., Soong, Y., Stawarz, L., Sugawara, Y., Sugita, S., Szymkowiak, A., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Takeda, S., Takei, Y., Tamagawa, T., Tamura, T., Tanaka, T., Tanaka, Y., Tanaka, Y.T., Tashiro, M.S., Tawara, Y., Terada, Y., Terashima, Y., Tombesi, F., Tomida, H., Tsuboi, Y., Tsujimoto, M., Tsunemi, H., Tsuru, T.G., Uchida, H., Uchiyama, H., Uchiyama, Y., Ueda, S., Ueda, Y., Uno, S., Urry, C.M., Ursino, E., Watanabe, S., Werner, N., Wilkins, D.R., Williams, B.J., Yamada, S., Yamaguchi, H., Yamaoka, K., Yamasaki, N.Y., Yamauchi, M., Yamauchi, S., Yaqoob, T., Yatsu, Y., Yonetoku, D., Zhuravleva, I., Zoghbi, A., Sato, T., Nakaniwa, N., Murakami, H., Guest, B.

    Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan   Vol. 70 ( 3 )   2018.6

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  206. Modeling of proton-induced radioactivation background in hard X-ray telescopes: Geant4-based simulation and its demonstration by Hitomi's measurement in a low Earth orbit Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Hirokazu Odaka, Makoto Asai, Kouichi Hagino, Tatsumi Koi, Greg Madejski, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Masanori Ohno, Shinya Saito, Tamotsu Sato, Dennis H. Wright, Teruaki Enoto, Yasushi Fukazawa, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Jun Kataoka, Junichiro Katsuta, Madoka Kawaharada, Shogo B. Kobayashi, Motohide Kokubun, Philippe Laurent, Francois Lebrun, Olivier Limousin, Daniel Maier, Kazuo Makishima, Taketo Mimura, Katsuma Miyake, Kunishiro Mori, Hiroaki Murakami, Takeshi Nakamori, Toshio Nakano, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Hirofumi Noda, Masayuki Ohta, Masanobu Ozaki, Goro Sato, Rie Sato, Hiroyasu Tajima, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Tadayuki Takahashi, Shin'ichiro Takeda, Takaaki Tanaka, Yasuyuki Tanaka, Yukikatsu Terada, Hideki Uchiyama, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Shin Watanabe, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Tetsuya Yasuda, Yoichi Yatsu, Takayuki Yuasa, Andreas Zoglauer

    NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT   Vol. 891   page: 92 - 105   2018.5

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2018.02.071

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  207. Association between CYP2C19 genotype and the additional effect of cilostazol to clopidogrel resistance in neuroendovascular therapy. Reviewed International coauthorship

    Nagoya journal of medical science   Vol. 80 ( 2 ) page: 207 - 215   2018.5

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    DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.80.2.207

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  208. Search for Gamma-Ray Emission from Local Primordial Black Holes with the Fermi Large Area Telescope Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    M. Ackermann, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, P. A. Caraveo, E. Cavazzuti, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, C. C. Cheung, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, J. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, D. Costantin, F. D'Ammando, F. De Palma, S. W. Digel, N. Di Lalla, M. Di Mauro, L. Di Venere, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, W. B. Focke, A. Franckowiak, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, D. Green, I. A. Grenier, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, D. Horan, G. Jóhannesson, C. Johnson, S. Kensei, D. Kocevski, M. Kuss, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, J. D. Magill, S. Maldera, D. Malyshev, A. Manfreda, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, M. Meyer, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, M. E. Monzani, E. Moretti, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, M. Negro, E. Nuss, R. Ojha, N. Omodei, M. Orienti, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, M. Palatiello, V. S. Paliya, D. Paneque, M. Persic, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, G. Principe, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, S. Ritz, M. Sánchez-Conde, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, F. Spada, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, E. Troja, J. Valverde, G. Vianello, K. Wood, M. Wood, G. Zaharijas

    Astrophysical Journal   Vol. 857 ( 1 )   2018.4

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aaac7b

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  209. Design and performance of Soft Gamma-ray Detector onboard the Hitomi (ASTRO-H) satellite Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Hiroyasu Tajima, Shin Watanabe, Yasushi Fukazawa, Roger Blandford, Teruaki Enoto, Andrea Goldwurm, Kouichi Hagino, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Yuto Ichinohe, Jun Kataoka, Junichiro Katsuta, Takao Kitaguchi, Motohide Kokubun, Philippe Laurent, François Lebrun, Olivier Limousin, Grzegorz M. Madejski, Kazuo Makishima, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Kunishiro Mori, Takeshi Nakamori, Toshio Nakano, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Hirofumi Noda, Hirokazu Odaka, Masanori Ohno, Masayuki Ohta, Shinya Saito, Goro Sato, Rie Sato, Shinichiro Takeda, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Tadayuki Takahashi, Takaaki Tanaka, Yasuyuki Tanaka, Yukikatsu Terada, Hideki Uchiyama, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Yoichi Yatsu, Daisuke Yonetoku, Takayuki Yuasa

    Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems   Vol. 4 ( 2 )   2018.4

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    DOI: 10.1117/1.JATIS.4.2.021411

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  210. In-orbit performance and calibration of the Hard X-ray Imager onboard Hitomi (ASTRO-H) Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Kouichi Hagino, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Goro Sato, Motohide Kokubun, Teruaki Enoto, Yasushi Fukazawa, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Jun Kataoka, Junichiro Katsuta, Shogo B. Kobayashi, Philippe Laurent, Francois Lebrun, Olivier Limousin, Daniel Maier, Kazuo Makishima, Taketo Mimura, Katsuma Miyake, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Kunishiro Mori, Hiroaki Murakami, Takeshi Nakamori, Toshio Nakano, Hirofumi Noda, Hirokazu Odaka, Masanori Ohno, Masayuki Ohta, Shinya Saito, Rie Sato, Hiroyasu Tajima, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Tadayuki Takahashi, Shin'ichiro Takeda, Takaaki Tanaka, Yukikatsu Terada, Hideki Uchiyama, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Shin Watanabe, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Yoichi Yatsu, Takayuki Yuasa

    Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems   Vol. 4 ( 2 )   2018.4

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    DOI: 10.1117/1.JATIS.4.2.021409

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  211. Hard x-ray imager onboard Hitomi (ASTRO-H) Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Nakazawa Kazuhiro, Sato Goro, Kokubun Motohide, Enoto Teruaki, Fukazawa Yasushi, Hagino Kouichi, Hayashi Katsuhiro, Kataoka Jun, Katsuta Junichiro, Kobayashi Shogo B, Laurent Philippe, Lebrun Francois, Limousin Olivier, Maier Daniel, Makishima Kazuo, Mizuno Tsunefumi, Mori Kunishiro, Nakamori Takeshi, Nakano Toshio, Noda Hirofumi, Odaka Hirokazu, Ohno Masanori, Ohta Masayuki, Saito Shinya, Sato Rie, Tajima Hiroyasu, Takahashi Hiromitsu, Takahashi Tadayuki, Takeda Shin'ichiro, Tanaka Takaaki, Te

    JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPES INSTRUMENTS AND SYSTEMS   Vol. 4 ( 2 ) page: 1 - 1   2018.4

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    DOI: 10.1117/1.JATIS.4.2.021410

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  212. HITOMI (ASTRO-H) X-ray astronomy satellite Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Tadayuki Takahashi, Motohide Kokubun, Kazuhisa Mitsuda, Richard L. Kelley, Takaya Ohashi, Felix Aharonian, Hiroki Akamatsu, Fumie Akimoto, Steven W. Allen, Naohisa Anabuki, Lorella Angelini, Keith Arnaud, Makoto Asai, Marc Audard, Hisamitsu Awaki, Magnus Axelsson, Philipp Azzarello, Chris Baluta, Aya Bamba, Nobutaka Bando, Marshall W. Bautz, Thomas Bialas, Roger Blandford, Kevin Boyce, Laura W. Brenneman, Gregory V. Brown, Esra Bulbul, Edward M. Cackett, Edgar Canavan, Maria Chernyakova, Meng P. Chiao, Paolo S. Coppi, Elisa Costantini, Steve O' Dell, Michael DiPirro, Chris Done, Tadayasu Dotani, John Doty, Ken Ebisawa, Megan E. Eckart, Teruaki Enoto, Yuichiro Ezoe, Andrew C. Fabian, Carlo Ferrigno, Adam R. Foster, Ryuichi Fujimoto, Yasushi Fukazawa, Stefan Funk, Akihiro Furuzawa, Massimiliano Galeazzi, Luigi C. Gallo, Poshak Gandhi, Kirk Gilmore, Margherita Giustini, Andrea Goldwurm, Liyi Gu, Matteo Guainazzi, Daniel Haas, Yoshito Haba, Kouichi Hagino, Kenji Hamaguchi, Ilana M. Harrus, Isamu Hatsukade, Takayuki Hayashi, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Kiyoshi Hayashida, Jan Willem Den Herder, Junko S. Hiraga, Kazuyuki Hirose, Ann Hornschemeier, Akio Hoshino, John P. Hughes, Yuto Ichinohe, Ryo Iizuka, Hajime Inoue, Yoshiyuki Inoue, Kazunori Ishibashi, Manabu Ishida, Kumi Ishikawa, Kosei Ishimura, Yoshitaka Ishisaki, Masayuki Itoh, Masachika Iwai, Naoko Iwata, Naoko Iyomoto, Chris Jewell, Jelle Kaastra, Tim Kallman, Tsuneyoshi Kamae, Erin Kara, Jun Kataoka, Satoru Katsuda, Junichiro Katsuta, Madoka Kawaharada, Nobuyuki Kawai, Taro Kawano, Shigeo Kawasaki, Dmitry Khangulyan, Caroline A. Kilbourne, Mark Kimball

    Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems   Vol. 4 ( 2 )   2018.4

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  213. Atmospheric gas dynamics in the Perseus cluster observed with Hitomi Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Aharonia, F., Aharonian, F., Akamatsu, H., Akimoto, F., Allen, S.W., Angelini, L., Audard, M., Awaki, H., Axelsson, M., Bamba, A., Bautz, M.W., Bl, ford, R., Brenneman, L.W., Brown, G.V., Bulbul, E., Cackett, E.M., Canning, R.E.A., Chernyakova, M., Chiao, M.P., Coppi, P.S., Costantini, E., De Plaa, J., De Vries, C.P., Den Herder, J.-W., Done, C., Dotani, T., Ebisawa, K., Eckart, M.E., Enoto, T., Ezoe, Y., Fabian, A.C., Ferrigno, C., Foster, A.R., Fujimoto, R., Fukazawa, Y., Furuzawa, A., Galeazzi, M., Gallo, L.C., G, hi, P., Giustini, M., Goldwurm, A., Gu, L., Guainazzi, M., Haba, Y., Hagino, K., Hamaguchi, K., Harrus, I.M., Hatsukade, I., Hayashi, K., Hayashi, T., Hayashi, T., Hayashida, K., Hiraga, J.S., Hornschemeier, A., Hoshino, A., Hughes, J.P., Ichinohe, Y., Iizuka, R., Inoue, H., Inoue, S., Inoue, Y., Ishida, M., Ishikawa, K., Ishisaki, Y., Iwai, M., Kaastra, J., Kallman, T., Kamae, T., Kataoka, J., Katsuda, S., Kawai, N., Kelley, R.L., Kilbourne, C.A., Kitaguchi, T., Kitamoto, S., Kitayama, T., Kohmura, T., Kokubun, M., Koyama, K., Koyama, S., Kretschmar, P., Krimm, H.A., Kubota, A., Kunieda, H., Laurent, P., Lee, S.-H., Leutenegger, M.A., Limousin, O., Loewenstein, M., Long, K.S., Lumb, D., Madejski, G., Maeda, Y., Maier, D., Makishima, K., Markevitch, M., Matsumoto, H., Matsushita, K., Mccammon, D., Mcnamara, B.R., Mehdipour, M., Miller, E.D., Miller, J.M., Mineshige, S., Mitsuda, K., Mitsuishi, I., Miyazawa, T., Mizuno, T., Mori, H., Mori, K., Mukai, K., Murakami, H., Mushotzky, R.F., Nakagawa, T., Nakajima, H., Nakamori, T., Nakashima, S., Nakazawa, K., Nobukawa, K.K., Nobukawa, M., Noda, H., Odaka, H., Ohashi, T., Ohno, M., Okajima, T., Ota, N., Ozaki, M., Paerels, F., Paltani, S., Petre, R., Pinto, C., Porter, F.S., Pottschmidt, K., Reynolds, C.S., Safi-Harb, S., Saito, S., Sakai, K., Sasaki, T., Sato, G., Sato, K., Sato, R., Sawada, M., Schartel, N., Serlemtsos, P.J., Seta, H., Shidatsu, M., Simionescu, A., Smith, R.K., Soong, Y., Stawarz, ?., Sugawara, Y., Sugita, S., Szymkowiak, A., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Takeda, S., Takei, Y., Amagawa, T.T., Tamura, T., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, T., Tanaka, Y., Tanaka, Y.T., Tashiro, M.S., Tawara, Y., Terada, Y., Erashima, Y.T., Tombesi, F., Tomida, H., Tsuboi, Y., Tsujimoto, M., Tsunemi, H., Tsuru, T.G., Uchida, H., Uchiyama, H., Uchiyama, Y., Ueda, S., Ueda, Y., Uno, S., Urry, C.M., Ursino, E., Wang, Q.H.S., Watanabe, S., Werner, N., Wilkins, D.R., Williams, B.J., Yamada, S., Yamaguchi, H., Yamaoka, K., Yamasaki, N.Y., Yamauchi, M., Yamauchi, S., Yaqoob, T., Yatsu, Y., Yonetoku, D., Zhuravleva, I., Zoghbi, A.

    Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan   Vol. 70 ( 2 )   2018.3

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  214. Temperature structure in the Perseus cluster core observed with Hitomi Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Aharonian, F., Akamatsu, H., Akimoto, F., Allen, S.W., Angelini, L., Audard, M., Awaki, H., Axelsson, M., Bamba, A., Bautz, M.W., Bl, ford, R., Brenneman, L.W., Brown, G.V., Bulbul, E., Cackett, E.M., Chernyakova, M., Chiao, M.P., Coppi, P.S., Costantini, E., De Plaa, J., De Vries, C.P., Den Herder, J.-W., Done, C., Dotani, T., Ebisawa, K., Eckart, M.E., Enoto, T., Ezoe, Y., Fabian, A.C., Ferrigno, C., Foster, A.R., Fujimoto, R., Fukazawa, Y., Furukawa, M., Furuzawa, A., Galeazzi, M., Gallo, L.C., G, hi, P., Giustini, M., Goldwurm, A., Gu, L., Guainazzi, M., Haba, Y., Hagino, K., Hamaguchi, K., Harrus, I.M., Hatsukade, I., Hayashi, K., Hayashi, T., Hayashida, K., Hiraga, J.S., Hornschemeier, A., Hoshino, A., Hughes, J.P., Ichinohe, Y., Iizuka, R., Inoue, H., Inoue, Y., Ishida, M., Ishikawa, K., Ishisaki, Y., Iwai, M., Kaastra, J., Kallman, T., Kamae, T., Kataoka, J., Kato, Y., Katsuda, S., Kawai, N., Kelley, R.L., Kilbourne, C.A., Kitaguchi, T., Kitamoto, S., Kitayama, T., Kohmura, T., Kokubun, M., Koyama, K., Koyama, S., Kretschmar, P., Krimm, H.A., Kubota, A., Kunieda, H., Laurent, P., Lee, S.-H., Leutenegger, M.A., Limousin, O., Loewenstein, M., Long, K.S., Lumb, D., Madejski, G., Maeda, Y., Maier, D., Makishima, K., Markevitch, M., Matsumoto, H., Matsushita, K., McCammon, D., McNamara, B.R., Mehdipour, M., Miller, E.D., Miller, J.M., Mineshige, S., Mitsuda, K., Mitsuishi, I., Miyazawa, T., Mizuno, T., Mori, H., Mori, K., Mukai, K., Murakami, H., Mushotzky, R.F., Nakagawa, T., Nakajima, H., Nakamori, T., Nakashima, S., Nakazawa, K., Nobukawa, K.K., Nobukawa, M., Noda, H., Odaka, H., Ohashi, T., Ohno, M., Okajima, T., Ota, N., Ozaki, M., Paerels, F., Paltani, S., Petre, R., Pinto, C., Porter, F.S., Pottschmidt, K., Reynolds, C.S., Safi-Harb, S., Saito, S., Sakai, K., Sasaki, T., Sato, G., Sato, K., Sato, R., Sawada, M., Schartel, N., Serlemtsos, P.J., Seta, H., Shidatsu, M., Simionescu, A., Smith, R.K., Soong, Y., Stawarz, ?., Sugawara, Y., Sugita, S., Szymkowiak, A., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Takeda, S., Takei, Y., Tamagawa, T., Tamura, T., Tanaka, T., Tanaka, Y., Tanaka, Y.T., Tashiro, M.S., Tawara, Y., Terada, Y., Terashima, Y., Tombesi, F., Tomida, H., Tsuboi, Y., Tsujimoto, M., Tsunemi, H., Tsuru, T.G., Uchida, H., Uchiyama, H., Uchiyama, Y., Ueda, S., Ueda, Y., Uno, S., Urry, C.M., Ursino, E., Watanabe, S., Werner, N., Wilkins, D.R., Williams, B.J., Yamada, S., Yamaguchi, H., Yamaoka, K., Yamasaki, N.Y., Yamauchi, M., Yamauchi, S., Yaqoob, T., Yatsu, Y., Yonetoku, D., Zhuravleva, I., Zoghbi, A.

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  215. Search for thermal X-ray features from the Crab nebula with the Hitomi soft X-ray spectrometer Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Moriya, T.J., Aharonian, F., Akamatsu, H., Akimoto, F., Allen, S.W., Angelini, L., Audard, M., Awaki, H., Axelsson, M., Bamba, A., Bautz, M.W., Bl, ford, R., Brenneman, L.W., Brown, G.V., Bulbul, E., Cackett, E.M., Chernyakova, M., Chiao, M.P., Coppi, P.S., Costantini, E., De Plaa, J., De Vries, C.P., Den Herder, J.-W., Done, C., Dotani, T., Ebisawa, K., Eckart, M.E., Enoto, T., Ezoe, Y., Fabian, A.C., Ferrigno, C., Foster, A.R., Fujimoto, R., Fukazawa, Y., Furuzawa, A., Galeazzi, M., Gallo, L.C., G, hi, P., Giustini, M., Goldwurm, A., Gu, L., Guainazzi, M., Haba, Y., Hagino, K., Hamaguchi, K., Harrus, I.M., Hatsukade, I., Hayashi, K., Hayashi, T., Hayashida, K., Hiraga, J.S., Hornschemeier, A., Hoshino, A., Hughes, J.P., Ichinohe, Y., Iizuka, R., Inoue, H., Inoue, Y., Ishida, M., Ishikawa, K., Ishisaki, Y., Kaastra, J., Kallman, T., Kamae, T., Kataoka, J., Katsuda, S., Kawai, N., Kelley, R.L., Kilbourne, C.A., Kitaguchi, T., Kitamoto, S., Kitayama, T., Kohmura, T., Kokubun, M., Koyama, K., Koyama, S., Kretschmar, P., Krimm, H.A., Kubota, A., Kunieda, H., Laurent, P., Lee, S.-H., Leutenegger, M.A., Limousin, O., Loewenstein, M., Long, K.S., Lumb, D., Madejski, G., Maeda, Y., Maier, D., Makishima, K., Markevitch, M., Matsumoto, H., Matsushita, K., Mccammon, D., Mcnamara, B.R., Mehdipour, M., Miller, E.D., Miller, J.M., Mineshige, S., Mitsuda, K., Mitsuishi, I., Miyazawa, T., Mizuno, T., Mori, H., Mori, K., Mukai, K., Murakami, H., Mushotzky, R.F., Nakagawa, T., Nakajima, H., Nakamori, T., Nakashima, S., Nakazawa, K., Nobukawa, K.K., Nobukawa, M., Noda, H., Odaka, H., Ohashi, T., Ohno, M., Okajima, T., Ota, N., Ozaki, M., Paerels, F., Paltani, S., Petre, R., Pinto, C., Porter, F.S., Pottschmidt, K., Reynolds, C.S., Safi-Harb, S., Saito, S., Sakai, K., Sasaki, T., Sato, G., Sato, K., Sato, R., Sato, T., Sawada, M., Schartel, N., Serlemtsos, P.J., Seta, H., Shidatsu, M., Simionescu, A., Smith, R.K., Soong, Y., Stawarz, ?., Sugawara, Y., Sugita, S., Szymkowiak, A., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Takeda, S., Takei, Y., Tamagawa, T., Tamura, T., Tanaka, T., Tanaka, Y., Tanaka, Y.T., Tashiro, M.S., Tawara, Y., Terada, Y., Terashima, Y., Tombesi, F., Tomida, H., Tsuboi, Y., Tsujimoto, M., Tsunemi, H., Tsuru, T.G., Uchida, H., Uchiyama, H., Uchiyama, Y., Ueda, S., Ueda, Y., Uno, S., Urry, C.M., Ursino, E., Watanabe, S., Werner, N., Wilkins, D.R., Williams, B.J., Yamada, S., Yamaguchi, H., Yamaoka, K., Yamasaki, N.Y., Yamauchi, M., Yamauchi, S., Yaqoob, T., Yatsu, Y., Yonetoku, D., Zhuravleva, I., Zoghbi, A., Tominaga, N.

    Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan   Vol. 70 ( 2 )   2018.3

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    DOI: 10.1093/pasj/psx072

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  216. Measurements of resonant scattering in the Perseus Cluster core with Hitomi SXS Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Aharonian, F., Akamatsu, H., Akimoto, F., Allen, S.W., Angelini, L., Audard, M., Awaki, H., Axelsson, M., Bamba, A., Bautz, M.W., Bl, ford, R., Brenneman, L.W., Brown, G.V., Bulbul, E., Cackett, E.M., Chernyakova, M., Chiao, M.P., Coppi, P.S., Costantini, E., De Plaa, J., De Vries, C.P., Den Herder, J.-W., Done, C., Dotani, T., Ebisawa, K., Eckart, M.E., Enoto, T., Ezoe, Y., Fabian, A.C., Ferrigno, C., Foster, A.R., Fujimoto, R., Fukazawa, Y., Furukawa, M., Furuzawa, A., Galeazzi, M., Gallo, L.C., G, hi, P., Giustini, M., Goldwurm, A., Gu, L., Guainazzi, M., Haba, Y., Hagino, K., Hamaguchi, K., Harrus, I.M., Hatsukade, I., Hayashi, K., Hayashi, T., Hayashida, K., Hiraga, J.S., Hornschemeier, A., Hoshino, A., Hughes, J.P., Ichinohe, Y., Iizuka, R., Inoue, H., Inoue, Y., Ishida, M., Ishikawa, K., Ishisaki, Y., Iwai, M., Kaastra, J., Kallman, T., Kamae, T., Kataoka, J., Katsuda, S., Kawai, N., Kelley, R.L., Kilbourne, C.A., Kitaguchi, T., Kitamoto, S., Kitayama, T., Kohmura, T., Kokubun, M., Koyama, K., Koyama, S., Kretschmar, P., Krimm, H.A., Kubota, A., Kunieda, H., Laurent, P., Lee, S.-H., Leutenegger, M.A., Limousin, O.O., Loewenstein, M., Long, K.S., Lumb, D., Madejski, G., Maeda, Y., Maier, D., Makishima, K., Markevitch, M., Matsumoto, H., Matsushita, K., McCammon, D., McNamara, B.R., Mehdipour, M., Miller, E.D., Miller, J.M., Mineshige, S., Mitsuda, K., Mitsuishi, I., Miyazawa, T., Mizuno, T., Mori, H., Mori, K., Mukai, K., Murakami, H., Mushotzky, R.F., Nakagawa, T., Nakajima, H., Nakamori, T., Nakashima, S., Nakazawa, K., Nobukawa, K.K., Nobukawa, M., Noda, H., Odaka, H., Ogorzalek, A., Ohashi, T., Ohno, M., Okajima, T., Ota, N., Ozaki, M., Paerels, F., Paltani, S., Petre, R., Pinto, C., Porter, F.S., Pottschmidt, K., Reynolds, C.S., Safi-Harb, S., Saito, S., Sakai, K., Sasaki, T., Sato, G., Sato, K., Sato, R., Sawada, M., Schartel, N., Serlemtsos, P.J., Seta, H., Shidatsu, M., Simionescu, A., Smith, R.K., Soong, Y., Stawarz, ?., Sugawara, Y., Sugita, S., Szymkowiak, A., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Takeda, S., Takei, Y., Tamagawa, T., Tamura, T., Tanaka, T., Tanaka, Y., Tanaka, Y.T., Tashiro, M.S., Tawara, Y., Terada, Y., Terashima, Y., Tombesi, F., Tomida, H., Tsuboi, Y., Tsujimoto, M., Tsunemi, H., Tsuru, T.G., Uchida, H., Uchiyama, H., Uchiyama, Y., Ueda, S., Ueda, Y., Uno, S., Urry, C.M., Ursino, E., Watanabe, S., Werner, N., Wilkins, D.R., Williams, B.J., Yamada, S., Yamaguchi, H., Yamaoka, K., Yamasaki, N.Y., Yamauchi, M., Yamauchi, S., Yaqoob, T., Yatsu, Y., Yonetoku, D., Zhuravleva, I., Zoghbi, A.

    Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan   Vol. 70 ( 2 )   2018.3

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    DOI: 10.1093/pasj/psx127

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  217. Hitomi X-ray studies of giant radio pulses from the Crab pulsar Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Aharonian, F., Akamatsu, H., Akimoto, F., Allen, S.W., Angelini, L., Audard, M., Awaki, H., Axelsson, M., Bamba, A., Bautz, M.W., Bl, ford, R., Brenneman, L.W., Brown, G.V., Bulbul, E., Cackett, E.M., Chernyakova, M., Chiao, M.P., Coppi, P.S., Costantini, E., De Plaa, J., De Vries, C.P., Den Herder, J.-W., Done, C., Dotani, T., Ebisawa, K., Eckart, M.E., Enoto, T., Ezoe, Y., Fabian, A.C., Ferrigno, C., Foster, A.R., Fujimoto, R., Fukazawa, Y., Furuzawa, A., Galeazzi, M., Gallo, L.C., G, hi, P., Giustini, M., Goldwurm, A., Gu, L., Guainazzi, M., Haba, Y., Hagino, K., Hamaguchi, K., Harrus, I.M., Hatsukade, I., Hayashi, K., Hayashi, T., Hayashida, K., Hiraga, J.S., Hornschemeier, A., Hoshino, A., Hughes, J.P., Ichinohe, Y., Iizuka, R., Inoue, H., Inoue, Y., Ishida, M., Ishikawa, K., Ishisaki, Y., Iwai, M., Kaastra, J., Kallman, T., Kamae, T., Kataoka, J., Katsuda, S., Kawai, N., Kelley, R.L., Kilbourne, C.A., Kitaguchi, T., Kitamoto, S., Kitayama, T., Kohmura, T., Kokubun, M., Koyama, K., Koyama, S., Kretschmar, P., Krimm, H.A., Kubota, A., Kunieda, H., Laurent, P., Shiu-Hang, L.E.E., Leutenegger, M.A., Limousin, O.O., Loewenstein, M., Long, K.S., Lumb, D., Madejski, G., Maeda, Y., Maier, D., Makishima, K., Markevitch, M., Matsumoto, H., Matsushita, K., McCammon, D., McNamara, B.R., Mehdipour, M., Miller, E.D., Miller, J.M., Mineshige, S., Mitsuda, K., Mitsuishi, I., Miyazawa, T., Mizuno, T., Mori, H., Mori, K., Mukai, K., Murakami, H., Mushotzky, R.F., Nakagawa, T., Nakajima, H., Nakamori, T., Nakashima, S., Nakazawa, K., Nobukawa, K.K., Nobukawa, M., Noda, H., Odaka, H., Ohashi, T., Ohno, M., Okajima, T., Oshimizu, K., Ota, N., Ozaki, M., Paerels, F., Paltani, S., Petre, R., Pinto, C., Porter, F.S., Pottschmidt, K., Reynolds, C.S., Safi-Harb, S., Saito, S., Sakai, K., Sasaki, T., Sato, G., Sato, K., Sato, R., Sawada, M., Schartel, N., Serlemtsos, P.J., Seta, H., Shidatsu, M., Simionescu, A., Smith, R.K., Soong, Y., Stawarz, ?., Sugawara, Y., Sugita, S., Szymkowiak, A., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Takeda, S., Takei, Y., Tamagawa, T., Tamura, T., Tanaka, T., Tanaka, Y., Tanaka, Y.T., Tashiro, M.S., Tawara, Y., Terada, Y., Terashima, Y., Tombesi, F., Tomida, H., Tsuboi, Y., Tsujimoto, M., Tsunemi, H., Tsuru, T.G., Uchida, H., Uchiyama, H., Uchiyama, Y., Ueda, S., Ueda, Y., Uno, S., Urry, C.M., Ursino, E., Watanabe, S., Werner, N., Wilkins, D.R., Williams, B.J., Yamada, S., Yamaguchi, H., Yamaoka, K., Yamasaki, N.Y., Yamauchi, M., Yamauchi, S., Yaqoob, T., Yatsu, Y., Yonetoku, D., Zhuravleva, I., Zoghbi, A., Terasawa, T., Sekido, M., Takefuji, K., Kawai, E., Misawa, H., Tsuchiya, F., Yamazaki, R., Kobayashi, E., Kisaka, S., Aoki, T.

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    DOI: 10.1093/pasj/psx083

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  218. Hitomi observations of the LMC SNR N 132 D: Highly redshifted X-ray emission from iron ejecta Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Aharonian, F., Akamatsu, H., Akimoto, F., Allen, S.W., Angelini, L., Audard, M., Awaki, H., Axelsson, M., Bamba, A., Bautz, M.W., Bl, ford, R., Brenneman, L.W., Brown, G.V., Bulbul, E., Cackett, E.M., Chernyakova, M., Chiao, M.P., Coppi, P.S., Costantini, E., De Plaa, J., De Vries, C.P., Den Herder, J.-W., Done, C., Dotani, T., Ebisawa, K., Eckart, M.E., Enoto, T., Ezoe, Y., Fabian, A.C., Ferrigno, C., Foster, A.R., Fujimoto, R., Fukazawa, Y., Furuzawa, A., Galeazzi, M., Gallo, L.C., G, hi, P., Giustini, M., Goldwurm, A., Gu, L., Guainazzi, M., Haba, Y., Hagino, K., Hamaguchi, K., Harrus, I.M., Hatsukade, I., Hayashi, K., Hayashi, T., Hayashida, K., Hiraga, J.S., Hornschemeier, A., Hoshino, A., Hughes, J.P., Ichinohe, Y., Iizuka, R., Inoue, H., Inoue, Y., Ishida, M., Ishikawa, K., Ishisaki, Y., Iwai, M., Kaastra, J., Kallman, T., Kamae, T., Kataoka, J., Katsuda, S., Kawai, N., Kelley, R.L., Kilbourne, C.A., Kitaguchi, T., Kitamoto, S., Kitayama, T., Kohmura, T., Kokubun, M., Koyama, K., Koyama, S., Kretschmar, P., Krimm, H.A., Kubota, A., Kunieda, H., Laurent, P., Lee, S.-H., Leutenegger, M.A., Limousin, O., Loewenstein, M., Long, K.S., Lumb, D., Madejski, G., Maeda, Y., Maier, D., Makishima, K., Markevitch, M., Matsumoto, H., Matsushita, K., McCammon, D., McNamara, B.R., Mehdipour, M., Miller, E.D., Miller, J.M., Mineshige, S., Mitsuda, K., Mitsuishi, I., Miyazawa, T., Mizuno, T., Mori, H., Mori, K., Mukai, K., Murakami, H., Mushotzky, R.F., Nakagawa, T., Nakajima, H., Nakamori, T., Nakashima, S., Nakazawa, K., Nobukawa, K.K., Nobukawa, M., Noda, H., Odaka, H., Ohashi, T., Ohno, M., Okajima, T., Ota, N., Ozaki, M., Paerels, F., Paltani, S., Petre, R., Pinto, C., Porter, F.S., Pottschmidt, K., Reynolds, C.S., Safi-Harb, S., Saito, S., Sakai, K., Sasaki, T., Sato, G., Sato, K., Sato, R., Sato, T., Sawada, M., Schartel, N., Serlemtsos, P.J., Seta, H., Shidatsu, M., Simionescu, A., Smith, R.K., Soong, Y., Stawarz, ?., Sugawara, Y., Sugita, S., Szymkowiak, A., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Takeda, S., Takei, Y., Tamagawa, T., Tamura, T., Tanaka, T., Tanaka, Y., Tanaka, Y.T., Tashiro, M.S., Tawara, Y., Terada, Y., Terashima, Y., Tombesi, F., Tomida, H., Tsuboi, Y., Tsujimoto, M., Tsunemi, H., Tsuru, T.G., Uchida, H., Uchiyama, H., Uchiyama, Y., Ueda, S., Ueda, Y., Uno, S., Urry, C.M., Ursino, E., Watanabe, S., Werner, N., Wilkins, D.R., Williams, B.J., Yamada, S., Yamaguchi, H., Yamaoka, K., Yamasaki, N.Y., Yamauchi, M., Yamauchi, S., Yaqoob, T., Yatsu, Y., Yonetoku, D., Zhuravleva, I., Zoghbi, A.

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    DOI: 10.1093/pasj/psx151

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  219. Hitomi observation of radio galaxy NGC 1275: The first X-ray microcalorimeter spectroscopy of Fe-Kα line emission from an active galactic nucleus Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Aharonian, F., Akamatsu, H., Akimoto, F., Allen, S.W., Angelini, L., Audard, M., Awaki, H., Axelsson, M., Bamba, A., Bautz, M.W., Bl, ford, R., Brenneman, L.W., Brown, G.V., Bulbul, E., Cackett, E.M., Chernyakova, M., Chiao, M.P., Coppi, P.S., Costantini, E., De Plaa, J., De Vries, C.P., Den Herder, J.-W., Done, C., Dotani, T., Ebisawa, K., Eckart, M.E., Enoto, T., Ezoe, Y., Fabian, A.C., Ferrigno, C., Foster, A.R., Fujimoto, R., Fukazawa, Y., Furuzawa, A., Galeazzi, M., Gallo, L.C., G, hi, P., Giustini, M., Goldwurm, A., Gu, L., Guainazzi, M., Haba, Y., Hagino, K., Hamaguchi, K., Harrus, I.M., Hatsukade, I., Hayashi, K., Hayashi, T., Hayashida, K., Hiraga, J.S., Hornschemeier, A., Hoshino, A., Hughes, J.P., Ichinohe, Y., Iizuka, R., Inoue, H., Inoue, Y., Ishida, M., Ishikawa, K., Ishisaki, Y., Iwai, M., Kaastra, J., Kallman, T., Kamae, T., Kataoka, J., Katsuda, S., Kawai, N., Kelley, R.L., Kilbourne, C.A., Kitaguchi, T., Kitamoto, S., Kitayama, T., Kohmura, T., Kokubun, M., Koyama, K., Koyama, S., Kretschmar, P., Krimm, H.A., Kubota, A., Kunieda, H., Laurent, P., Lee, S.-H., Leutenegger, M.A., Limousin, O.O., Loewenstein, M., Long, K.S., Lumb, D., Madejski, G., Maeda, Y., Maier, D., Makishima, K., Markevitch, M., Matsumoto, H., Matsushita, K., McCammon, D., McNamara, B.R., Mehdipour, M., Miller, E.D., Miller, J.M., Mineshige, S., Mitsuda, K., Mitsuishi, I., Miyazawa, T., Mizuno, T., Mori, H., Mori, K., Mukai, K., Murakami, H., Mushotzky, R.F., Nakagawa, T., Nakajima, H., Nakamori, T., Nakashima, S., Nakazawa, K., Nobukawa, K.K., Nobukawa, M., Noda, H., Odaka, H., Ohashi, T., Ohno, M., Okajima, T., Ota, N., Ozaki, M., Paerels, F., Paltani, S., Petre, R., Pinto, C., Porter, F.S., Pottschmidt, K., Reynolds, C.S., Safi-Harb, S., Saito, S., Sakai, K., Sasaki, T., Sato, G., Sato, K., Sato, R., Sawada, M., Schartel, N., Serlemitsos, P.J., Seta, H., Shidatsu, M., Simionescu, A., Smith, R.K., Soong, Y., Stawarz, ?., Sugawara, Y., Sugita, S., Szymkowiak, A., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Takeda, S., Takei, Y., Tamagawa, T., Tamura, T., Tanaka, T., Tanaka, Y., Tanaka, Y.T., Tashiro, M.S., Tawara, Y., Terada, Y., Terashima, Y., Tombesi, F., Tomida, H., Tsuboi, Y., Tsujimoto, M., Tsunemi, H., Tsuru, T.G., Uchida, H., Uchiyama, H., Uchiyama, Y., Ueda, S., Ueda, Y., Uno, S., Urry, C.M., Ursino, E., Watanabe, S., Werner, N., Wilkins, D.R., Williams, B.J., Yamada, S., Yamaguchi, H., Yamaoka, K., Yamasaki, N.Y., Yamauchi, M., Yamauchi, S., Yaqoob, T., Yatsu, Y., Yonetoku, D., Zhuravleva, I., Zoghbi, A., Kawamuro, T.

    Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan   Vol. 70 ( 2 )   2018.3

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    DOI: 10.1093/pasj/psx147

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  220. Glimpse of the highly obscured HMXB IGR J16318-4848 with Hitomi Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Alle, S.W., Aharonian, F., Akamatsu, H., Akimoto, F., Allen, S.W., Angelini, L., Audard, M., Awaki, H., Axelsson, M., Bamba, A., Bautz, M.W., Bl, ford, R., Brenneman, L.W., Brown, G.V., Bulbul, E., Cackett, E.M., Chernyakova, M., Chiao, M.P., Coppi, P.S., Costantini, E., De Plaa, J., De Vries, C.P., Den Herder, J.-W., Done, C., Dotani, T., Ebisawa, K., Eckart, M.E., Enoto, T., Ezoe, Y., Fabian, A.C., Ferrigno, C., Foster, A.R., Fujimoto, R., Fukazawa, Y., Furuzawa, A., Galeazzi, M., Gallo, L.C., G, hi, P., Giustini, M., Goldwurm, A., Gu, L., Guainazzi, M., Haba, Y., Hagino, K., Hamaguchi, K., Harrus, I.M., Hatsukade, I., Hayashi, K., Hayashi, T., Hayashida, K., Hiraga, J.S., Hornschemeier, A., Hoshino, A., Hughes, J.P., Ichinohe, Y., Iizuka, R., Inoue, H., Inoue, Y., Ishida, M., Ishikawa, K., Ishisaki, Y., Iwai, M., Kaastra, J., Kallman, T., Kamae, T., Kataoka, J., Katsuda, S., Kawai, N., Kelley, R.L., Kilbourne, C.A., Kitaguchi, T., Kitamoto, S., Kitayama, T., Kohmura, T., Kokubun, M., Koyama, K., Koyama, S., Kretschmar, P., Krimm, H.A., Kubota, A., Kunieda, H., Laurent, P., Lee, S.-H., Leutenegger, M.A., Limousin, O.O., Loewenstein, M., Long, K.S., Lumb, D., Madejski, G., Maeda, Y., Maier, D., Makishima, K., Markevitch, M., Matsumoto, H., Matsushita, K., Mccammon, D., Mcnamara, B.R., Mehdipour, M., Miller, E.D., Miller, J.M., Mineshige, S., Mitsuda, K., Mitsuishi, I., Miyazawa, T., Mizuno, T., Mori, H., Mori, K., Mukai, K., Murakami, H., Mushotzky, R.F., Nakagawa, T., Nakajima, H., Nakamori, T., Nakashima, S., Nakazawa, K., Nobukawa, K.K., Nobukawa, M., Noda, H., Odaka, H., Ohashi, T., Ohno, M., Okajima, T., Ota, N., Ozaki, M., Paerels, F., Paltani, S., Petre, R., Pinto, C., Porter, F.S., Pottschmidt, K., Reynolds, C.S., Safi-Harb, S., Saito, S., Sakai, K., Sasaki, T., Sato, G., Sato, K., Sato, R., Sawada, M., Schartel, N., Serlemtsos, P.J., Seta, H., Shidatsu, M., Simionescu, A., Smith, R.K., Soong, Y., Stawarz, ?., Sugawara, Y., Sugita, S., Szymkowiak, A., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Takeda, S., Takei, Y., Tamagawa, T., Tamura, T., Tanaka, T., Tanaka, Y., Tanaka, Y.T., Tashiro, M.S., Tawara, Y., Terada, Y., Terashima, Y., Tombesi, F., Tomida, H., Tsuboi, Y., Tsujimoto, M., Tsunemi, H., Suru, T.G., Uchida, H., Uchiyama, H., Uchiyama, Y., Ueda, S., Ueda, Y., Uno, S., Urry, C.M., Ursino, E., Watanabe, S., Werner, N., Wilkins, D.R., Williams, B.J., Yamada, S., Yamaguchi, H., Yamaoka, K., Yamasaki, N.Y., Yamauchi, M., Yamauchi, S., Yaqoob, T., Yatsu, Y., Yonetoku, D., Zhuravleva, I., Zoghbi, A., Nakaniwa, N.

    Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan   Vol. 70 ( 2 )   2018.3

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    DOI: 10.1093/pasj/psx154

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  221. Atomic data and spectral modeling constraints from high-resolution X-ray observations of the Perseus cluster with Hitomi Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Aharonian, F., Akamatsu, H., Akimoto, F., Allen, S.W., Angelini, L., Audard, M., Awaki, H., Axelsson, M., Bamba, A., Bautz, M.W., Bl, ford, R., Brenneman, L.W., Brown, G.V., Bulbul, E., Cackett, E.M., Chernyakova, M., Chiao, M.P., Coppi, P.S., Costantini, E., De Plaa, J., De Vries, C.P., Den Herder, J.-W., Done, C., Dotani, T., Ebisawa, K., Eckart, M.E., Enoto, T., Ezoe, Y., Fabian, A.C., Ferrigno, C., Foster, A.R., Fujimoto, R., Fukazawa, Y., Furuzawa, A., Galeazzi, M., Gallo, L.C., G, hi, P., Giustini, M., Goldwurm, A., Gu, L., Guainazzi, M., Haba, Y., Hagino, K., Hamaguchi, K., Harrus, I.M., Hatsukade, I., Hayashi, K., Hayashi, T., Hayashida, K., Hell, N., Hiraga, J.S., Hornschemeier, A., Hoshino, A., Hughes, J.P., Ichinohe, Y., Iizuka, R., Inoue, H., Inoue, Y., Ishida, M., Ishikawa, K., Ishisaki, Y., Iwai, M., Kaastra, J., Kallman, T., Kamae, T., Kataoka, J., Katsuda, S., Kawai, N., Kelley, R.L., Kilbourne, C.A., Kitaguchi, T., Kitamoto, S., Kitayama, T., Kohmura, T., Kokubun, M., Koyama, K., Koyama, S., Kretschmar, P., Krimm, H.A., Kubota, A., Kunieda, H., Laurent, P., Lee, S.-H., Leutenegger, M.A., Limousin, O., Loewenstein, M., Long, K.S., Lumb, D., Madejski, G., Maeda, Y., Maier, D., Makishima, K., Markevitch, M., Matsumoto, H., Matsushita, K., McCammon, D., McNamara, B.R., Mehdipour, M., Miller, E.D., Miller, J.M., Mineshige, S., Mitsuda, K., Mitsuishi, I., Miyazawa, T., Mizuno, T., Mori, H., Mori, K., Mukai, K., Murakami, H., Mushotzky, R.F., Nakagawa, T., Nakajima, H., Nakamori, T., Nakashima, S., Nakazawa, K., Nobukawa, K.K., Nobukawa, M., Noda, H., Odaka, H., Ohashi, T., Ohno, M., Okajima, T., Ota, N., Ozaki, M., Paerels, F., Paltani, S., Petre, R., Pinto, C., Porter, F.S., Pottschmidt, K., Reynolds, C.S., Safi-Harb, S., Saito, S., Sakai, K., Sasaki, T., Sato, G., Sato, K., Sato, R., Sawada, M., Schartel, N., Serlemtsos, P.J., Seta, H., Shidatsu, M., Simionescu, A., Smith, R.K., Soong, Y., Stawarz, ?., Sugawara, Y., Sugita, S., Szymkowiak, A., Tajima, H., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, T., Takeda, S., Takei, Y., Tamagawa, T., Tamura, T., Tanaka, T., Tanaka, Y., Tanaka, Y.T., Tashiro, M.S., Tawara, Y., Terada, Y., Terashima, Y., Tombesi, F., Tomida, H., Tsuboi, Y., Tsujimoto, M., Tsunemi, H., Tsuru, T.G., Uchida, H., Uchiyama, H., Uchiyama, Y., Ueda, S., Ueda, Y., Uno, S., Urry, C.M., Ursino, E., Watanabe, S., Werner, N., Wilkins, D.R., Williams, B.J., Yamada, S., Yamaguchi, H., Yamaoka, K., Yamasaki, N.Y., Yamauchi, M., Yamauchi, S., Yaqoob, T., Yatsu, Y., Yonetoku, D., Zhuravleva, I., Zoghbi, A., Raassen, A.J.J.

    Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan   Vol. 70 ( 2 )   2018.3

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    DOI: 10.1093/pasj/psx156

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    Web of Science

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  222. In-orbit performance of the soft X-ray imaging system aboard Hitomi Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Nakajima Hiroshi, Maeda Yoshitomo, Uchida Hiroyuki, Tanaka Takaaki, Tsunemi Hiroshi, Hayashida Kiyoshi, Tsuru Takeshi G, Dotani Tadayasu, Nagino Ryo, Inoue Shota, Ozaki Masanobu, Tomida Hiroshi, Natsukari Chikara, Ueda Shutaro, Mori Koji, Yamauchi Makoto, Hatsukade Isamu, Nishioka Yusuke, Sakata Miho, Beppu Tatsuhiko, Honda Daigo, Nobukawa Masayoshi, Hiraga Junko S, Kohmura Takayoshi, Murakami Hiroshi, Nobukawa, Kumiko K, Bamba Aya, Doty John P, Iizuka Ryo, Sato Toshiki, Kurashima Sho, Nakaniwa Nozomi, Asai Ryota, Ishida Manadu, Mori Hideyuki, Soong Yang, Okajima Takashi, Serlemitsos Peter, Tawara Yuzuru, Mitsuishi Ikuyuki, Ishibashi Kazunori, Tamura Keisuke, Hayashi Takayuki, Furuzawa Akihiro, Sugita Satoshi, Miyazawa Takuya, Awaki Hisamitsu, Miller Eric D, Yamaguchi Hiroya

    Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan   Vol. 70 ( 2 )   2018.3

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    We describe the in-orbit performance of the soft X-ray imaging system consisting of the Soft X-ray Telescope and the Soft X-ray Imager aboard Hitomi. Verification and calibration of imaging and spectroscopic performance are carried out, making the best use of the limited data of less than three weeks. Basic performance, including a large field of view of 38′<br />
    38<br />
    ′<br />
    × 38′<br />
    38<br />
    ′<br />
    ⁠, is verified with the first-light image of the Perseus cluster of galaxies. Amongst the small number of observed targets, the on-minus-off pulse image for the out-of-time events of the Crab pulsar enables us to measure the half-power diameter of the telescope as ∼1′.3<br />
    1<br />
    .<br />
    ′<br />
    3<br />
    ⁠. The average energy resolution measured with the onboard calibration source events at 5.89 keV is 179 ± 3 eV in full width at half maximum. Light leak and crosstalk issues affected the effective exposure time and the effective area, respectively, because all the observations were performed before optimizing an observation schedule and the parameters for the dark-level calculation. Screening the data affected by these two issues, we measure the background level to be 5.6 × 10−6 counts s−1 arcmin−2 cm−2 in the energy band of 5–12 keV, which is seven times lower than that of the Suzaku XIS-BI.

    DOI: 10.1093/pasj/psx116

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  223. Solar Neutron and Gamma-ray Spectrometer For a Small Satellite Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Yamaoka Kazutaka, Tajima Hiroyasu, Itow Yoshitaka, Fujii Hirosame, Nakanishi Yuta, Kamei Yuhei, Yamakawa Takeharu, Niwa Takumi, Okui Itsuki, Miyata Kikuko, Inamori Takaya

    HARD X-RAY, GAMMA-RAY, AND NEUTRON DETECTOR PHYSICS XX   Vol. 10762   2018

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    DOI: 10.1117/12.2323451

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    J-GLOBAL

  224. Final characterisation and design of the Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope (GCT) for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Le Blanc O, Fasola G, Huet J. M, White R, Dmytriiev A, Sol H, Zech A, Abchiche A, Amans J. P, Armstrong T. P, Barcelo M, Berge D, Brown A. M, Buchholtz G, Chadwick P. M, Clark P, Cotter G, Dangeon L, De Frondat F, Deiml P, Dournaux J. L, Duffy C, Einecke S, Flis S, Funk S, Giavitto G, Gironnet J, Graham J. A, Greenshaw T, Hinton J. A, Jegouzo I, Kraus M, Lapington J. S, Laporte P, Leach S. A, Lloyd S, Minaya I. A, Morier R, Okumura A, Prokoph H, Ross D., R

    GROUND-BASED AND AIRBORNE TELESCOPES VII   Vol. 10700   2018

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1117/12.2313158

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  225. CTA Project 130: General Report International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Teshima Masahiro, Kubo Hidetoshi, Totani Tomonori, Consortium for, the CTA-Japan

    Meeting Abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan   Vol. 73 ( 0 ) page: 412-412   2018

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    DOI: 10.11316/jpsgaiyo.73.1.0_412

    Open Access

    CiNii Research

  226. Space-based solar neutron observations for cubesat project Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Kikuko Miyata, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Hiroyasu Tajima

    Proceedings of the International Astronautical Congress, IAC   Vol. 2018-   2018

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher:International Astronautical Federation, IAF  

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  227. Shedding new light on the Crab with polarized X-rays Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    M. Chauvin, H. G. Florén, M. Friis, M. Jackson, T. Kamae, J. Kataoka, T. Kawano, M. Kiss, V. Mikhalev, T. Mizuno, N. Ohashi, T. Stana, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, N. Uchida, M. Pearce

    Scientific Reports   Vol. 8 ( 1 ) page: 7975   2017.12

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:Nature Publishing Group  

    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24853-7

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    Web of Science

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    PubMed

  228. The GCT camera for the Cherenkov Telescope Array International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    J. S. Lapington, A. Abchiche, D. Allan, J. -P. Amans, T. P. Armstrong, A. Balzer, D. Berge, C. Boisson, J. -J. Bousquet, R. Bose, A. M. Brown, M. Bryan, G. Buchholtz, J. Buckley, P. M. Chadwick, H. Costantini, G. Cotter, M. K. Daniel, A. De Franco, F. De Frondat, J. -L. Dournaux, D. Dumas, J. -P. Ernenwein, G. Fasola, S. Funk, J. Gironnet, J. A. Graham, T. Greenshaw, O. Hervet, N. Hidaka, J. A. Hinton, J. -M. Huet, D. Jankowsky, I. Jegouzo, T. Jogler, T. Kawashima, M. Kraus, P. Laporte, S. Leach, J. Lefaucheur, S. Markoff, T. Melse, I. A. Minaya, L. Mohrmann, P. Molyneux, P. Moore, S. J. Nolan, A. Okumura, J. P. Osborne, R. D. Parsons, S. Rosen, D. Ross, G. Rowell, C. B. Rulten, Y. Sato, F. Sayede, J. Schmoll, H. Schoorlemmer, M. Servillat, H. Sol, V. Stamatescu, M. Stephan, R. Stuik, J. Sykes, H. Tajima, J. Thornhill, L. Tibaldo, C. Trichard, G. Varner, J. Vink, J. J. Watson, R. White, N. Yamane, A. Zech, A. Zink, J. Zorn

    NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT   Vol. 876   page: 1 - 4   2017.12

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2016.12.010

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  229. Solar abundance ratios of the iron-peak elements in the Perseus cluster International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Felix Aharonian, Hiroki Akamatsu, Fumie Akimoto, Steven W. Allen, Lorella Angelini, Marc Audard, Hisamitsu Awaki, Magnus Axelsson, Aya Bamba, Marshall W. Bautz, Roger Blandford, Laura W. Brenneman, Gregory V. Brown, Esra Bulbul, Edward M. Cackett, Maria Chernyakova, Meng P. Chiao, Paolo S. Coppi, Elisa Costantini, Jelle De Plaa, Jan-Willem den Herder, Chris Done, Tadayasu Dotani, Ken Ebisawa, Megan E. Eckart, Teruaki Enoto, Yuichiro Ezoe, Andrew C. Fabian, Carlo Ferrigno, Adam R. Foster, Ryuichi Fujimoto, Yasushi Fukazawa, Akihiro Furuzawa, Massimiliano Galeazzi, Luigi C. Gallo, Poshak Gandhi, Margherita Giustini, Andrea Goldwurm, Liyi Gu, Matteo Guainazzi, Yoshito Haba, Kouichi Hagino, Kenji Hamaguchi, Ilana M. Harrus, Isamu Hatsukade, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Takayuki Hayashi, Kiyoshi Hayashida, Junko S. Hiraga, Ann Hornschemeier, Akio Hoshino, John P. Hughes, Yuto Ichinohe, Ryo Iizuka, Hajime Inoue, Yoshiyuki Inoue, Manabu Ishida, Kumi Ishikawa, Yoshitaka Ishisaki, Masachika Iwai, Jelle Kaastra, Tim Kallman, Tsuneyoshi Kamae, Jun Kataoka, Satoru Katsuda, Nobuyuki Kawai, Richard L. Kelley, Caroline A. Kilbourne, Takao Kitaguchi, Shunji Kitamoto, Tetsu Kitayama, Takayoshi Kohmura, Motohide Kokubun, Katsuji Koyama, Shu Koyama, Peter Kretschmar, Hans A. Krimm, Aya Kubota, Hideyo Kunieda, Philippe Laurent, Shiu-Hang Lee, Maurice A. Leutenegger, Olivier Limousine, Michael Loewenstein, Knox S. Long, David Lumb, Greg Madejski, Yoshitomo Maeda, Daniel Maier, Kazuo Makishima, Maxim Markevitch, Hironori Matsumoto, Kyoko Matsushita, Dan McCammon, Brian R. McNamara, Missagh Mehdipour, Eric D. Miller, Jon M. Miller, Shin Mineshige, Kazuhisa Mitsuda, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Takuya Miyazawa, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Hideyuki Mori, Koji Mori, Koji Mukai, Hiroshi Murakami, Richard F. Mushotzky, Takao Nakagawa, Hiroshi Nakajima, Takeshi Nakamori, Shinya Nakashima, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Kumiko K. Nobukawa, Masayoshi Nobukawa, Hirofumi Noda, Hirokazu Odaka, Takaya Ohashi, Masanori Ohno, Takashi Okajima, Naomi Ota, Masanobu Ozaki, Frits Paerels, StPhane Paltani, Robert Petre, Ciro Pinto, Frederick S. Porter, Katja Pottschmidt, Christopher S. Reynolds, Samar Safi-Harb, Shinya Saito, Kazuhiro Sakai, Toru Sasaki, Goro Sato, Kosuke Sato, Rie Sato, Makoto Sawada, Norbert Schartel, Peter J. Serlemitsos, Hiromi Seta, Megumi Shidatsu, Aurora Simionescu, Randall K. Smith, Yang Soong, Lukasz Stawarz, Yasuharu Sugawara, Satoshi Sugita, Andrew Szymkowiak, Hiroyasu Tajima, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Tadayuki Takahashi, Shin'ichiro Takeda, Yoh Takei, Toru Tamagawa, Takayuki Tamura, Takaaki Tanaka, Yasuo Tanaka, Yasuyuki T. Tanaka, Makoto S. Tashiro, Yuzuru Tawara, Yukikatsu Terada, Yuichi Terashima, Francesco Tombesi, Hiroshi Tomida, Yohko Tsuboi, Masahiro Tsujimoto, Hiroshi Tsunemi, Takeshi Go Tsuru, Hiroyuki Uchida, Hideki Uchiyama, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Shutaro Ueda, Yoshihiro Ueda, Shin'ichiro Uno, C. Megan Urry, Eugenio Ursino, Cor P. de Vries, Shin Watanabe, Norbert Werner, Daniel R. Wik, Dan R. Wilkins, Brian J. Williams, Shinya Yamada, Hiroya Yamaguchi, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Noriko Y. Yamasaki, Makoto Yamauchi, Shigeo Yamauchi, Tahir Yaqoob, Yoichi Yatsu, Daisuke Yonetoku, Irina Zhuravleva, Abderahmen Zoghbi

    NATURE   Vol. 551 ( 7681 ) page: 478 - +   2017.11

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    DOI: 10.1038/nature24301

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  230. Clinical Application of Insertion Force Sensor System for Coil Embolization of Intracranial Aneurysms. Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Matsubara N, Miyachi S, Izumi T, Yamada H, Marui N, Ota K, Tajima H, Shintai K, Ito M, Imai T, Nishihori M, Wakabayashi T

    World neurosurgery   Vol. 105   page: 857 - 863   2017.9

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.06.092

    PubMed

  231. Shedding new light on the Crab with polarized X-rays Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    M. Chauvin, H. -G. Floren, M. Friis, M. Jackson, T. Kamae, J. Kataoka, T. Kawano, M. Kiss, V. Mikhalev, T. Mizuno, N. Ohashi, T. Stana, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, N. Uchida, M. Pearce

    SCIENTIFIC REPORTS   Vol. 7 ( 1 ) page: 7816   2017.8

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    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07390-7

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    Web of Science

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    PubMed

  232. TARGET 5: A new multi-channel digitizer with triggering capabilities for gamma-ray atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    A. Albert, S. Funk, H. Katagiri, T. Kawashima, M. Murphy, A. Okumura, R. Quagliani, L. Sapozhnikov, A. Shigenaka, H. Tajima, L. Tibaldo, J. Vandenbroucke, G. Varner, T. Wu

    ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS   Vol. 92   page: 49 - 61   2017.6

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2017.05.003

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  233. The Fermi Galactic Center GeV Excess and Implications for Dark Matter International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Albert, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, T. J. Brandt, Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, T. H. Burnett, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, M. Caragiulo, P. A. Caraveo, E. Cavazzuti, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, J. Chiang, A. Chiappo, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, J. Conrad, F. Costanza, A. Cuoco, S. Cutini, F. D'Ammando, F. de Palmai, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, N. Di Lalla, M. Di Mauro, L. Di Venere, P. S. Drell, C. Favuzzi, J. Fegan, E. C. Ferrara, W. B. Fockes, A. Franckowiak, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gaspanini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, G. A. Gomez-Vargas, D. Green, I. A. Grenier, J. E. Grove, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, M. Gustafsson, A. K. Harding, E. Hays, J. W. Hewitt, D. Horan, T. Jogler, A. S. Johnson, T. Kamae, D. Kocevski, M. Kuss, G. La Mura, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, J. D. Magill, S. Maldera, D. Malyshev, A. Manfreda, P. Martin, M. N. Mazziottam, P. F. Michelson, N. Mirabal, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, M. Negro, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, M. Orienti, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, J. S. Perkins, M. Persic, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, G. Principe, S. Raino, R. Rando, M. Razzano, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, M. Sanchez-Conde, C. Sgro, D. Simone, E. J. Siskind, F. Spada, G. Spandrel, P. Spinelli, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, K. Tanaka, J. B. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, Y. Uchiyama, G. Vianello, K. S. Wood, M. Wood, G. Zaharijas, S. Zimmer

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL   Vol. 840 ( 1 )   2017.5

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa6cab

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  234. Prospects for Cherenkov Telescope Array Observations of the Young Supernova Remnant RX J1713.7-3946 Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    F. Acero, R. Aloisio, J. Amans, E. Amato, L. A. Antonelli, C. Aramo, T. Armstrong, F. Arqueros, K. Asano, M. Ashley, M. Backes, C. Balazs, A. Balzer, A. Bamba, M. Barkov, J. A. Barrio, W. Benbow, K. Bernloehr, V. Beshley, C. Bigongiari, A. Biland, A. Bilinsky, E. Bissaldi, J. Biteau, O. Blanch, P. Blasi, J. Blazek, C. Boisson, G. Bonanno, A. Bonardi, C. Bonavolonta, G. Bonnoli, C. Braiding, S. Brau-Nogue, J. Bregeon, A. M. Brown, V. Bugaev, A. Bulgarelli, T. Bulik, M. Burton, A. Burtovoi, G. Busetto, M. Bottcher, R. Cameron, M. Capalbi, A. Caproni, P. Caraveo, R. Carosi, E. Cascone, M. Cerruti, S. Chaty, A. Chen, X. Chen, M. Chernyakova, M. Chikawa, J. Chudoba, J. Cohen-Tanugi, S. Colafrancesco, V. Conforti, J. L. Contreras, A. Costa, G. Cotter, S. Covino, G. Covone, P. Cumani, G. Cusumano, F. D'Ammando, D. D'Urso, M. Daniel, F. Dazzi, A. De Angelis, G. De Cesare, A. De Franco, F. De Frondat, E. M. de Gouveia Dal Pino, C. De Lisio, R. de los Reyes Lopez, B. De Lotto, M. de Naurois, F. De Palma, M. Del Santo, C. Delgado, D. della Volpe, T. Di Girolamo, C. Di Giulio, F. Di Pierro, L. Di Venere, M. Doro, J. Dournaux, D. Dumas, V. Dwarkadas, C. Diaz, J. Ebr, K. Egberts, S. Einecke, D. Elsaesser, S. Eschbach, D. Falceta-Goncalves, G. Fasola, E. Fedorova, A. Fernandez-Barral, G. Ferrand, M. Fesquet, E. Fiandrini, A. Fiasson, M. D. Filipovic, V. Fioretti, L. Font, G. Fontaine, F. J. Franco, L. Freixas Coromina, Y. Fujita, Y. Fukui, S. Funk, A. Forster, A. Gadola, R. Garcia Lopez, M. Garczarczyk, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, A. Giuliani, J. Glicenstein, R. Gnatyk, P. Goldoni, T. Grabarczyk, R. Graciani, J. Graham, P. Grandi, J. Granot, A. J. Green, S. Griffiths, S. Gunji, H. Hakobyan, S. Hara, T. Hassan, M. Hayashida, M. Heller, J. C. Helo, J. Hinton, B. Hnatyk, J. Huet, M. Huetten, T. B. Humensky, M. Hussein, J. Horandel, Y. Ikeno, T. Inada, Y. Inome, S. Inoue, T. Inoue, Y. Inoue, K. Ioka, M. Iori, J. Jacquemier, P. Janecek, D. Jankowsky, I. Jung, P. Kaaret, H. Katagiri, S. Kimeswenger, S. Kimura, J. Knodlseder, B. Koch, J. Kocot, K. Kohri, N. Komin, Y. Konno, K. Kosack, S. Koyama, M. Kraus, H. Kubo, G. Kukec Mezek, J. Kushida, N. La Palombara, K. Lalik, G. Lamanna, H. Landt, J. Lapington, P. Laporte, S. Lee, J. Lees, J. Lefaucheur, J. -P. Lenain, G. Leto, E. Lindfors, T. Lohse, S. Lombardi, F. Longo, M. Lopez, F. Lucarelli, P. L. Luque-Escamilla, R. Lopez-Coto, M. C. Maccarone, G. Maier, G. Malaguti, D. Mandat, G. Maneva, S. Mangano, A. Marcowith, J. Marti, M. Martinez, G. Martinez, S. Masuda, G. Maurin, N. Maxted, C. Melioli, T. Mineo, N. Mirabal, T. Mizuno, R. Moderski, M. Mohammed, T. Montaruli, A. Moralejo, K. Mori, G. Morlino, A. Morselli, E. Moulin, R. Mukherjee, C. Mundell, H. Muraishi, K. Murase, S. Nagataki, T. Nagayoshi, T. Naito, D. Nakajima, T. Nakamori, R. Nemmen, J. Niemiec, D. Nieto, M. Nievas-Rosillo, M. Nikolajuk, K. Nishijima, K. Noda, L. Nogues, D. Nosek, B. Novosyadlyj, S. Nozaki, Y. Ohira, M. Ohishi, S. Ohm, A. Okumura, R. A. Ong, R. Orito, A. Orlati, M. Ostrowski, I. Oya, M. Padovani, J. Palacio, M. Palatka, J. M. Paredes, S. Pavy, A. Pe'er, M. Persic, P. Petrucci, O. Petruk, A. Pisarski, M. Pohl, A. Porcelli, E. Prandini, J. Prast, G. Principe, M. Prouza, E. Pueschel, G. Puelhofer, A. Quirrenbach, M. Rameez, O. Reimer, M. Renaud, M. Ribo, J. Rico, V. Rizi, J. Rodriguez, G. Rodriguez Fernandez, J. J. Rodriguez Vazquez, P. Romano, G. Romeo, J. Rosado, J. Rousselle, G. Rowell, B. Rudak, I. Sadeh, S. Safi-Harb, T. Saito, N. Sakaki, D. Sanchez, P. Sangiorgi, H. Sano, M. Santander, S. Sarkar, M. Sawada, E. J. Schioppa, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovanek, F. Schussler, O. Sergijenko, M. Servillat, A. Shalchi, R. C. Shellard, H. Siejkowski, A. Sillanpaa, D. Simone, V. Sliusar, H. Sol, S. Stanic, R. Starling, L. Stawarz, S. Stefanik, M. Stephan, T. Stolarczyk, M. Szanecki, T. Szepieniec, G. Tagliaferri, H. Tajima, M. Takahashi, J. Takeda, M. Tanaka, S. Tanaka, L. A. Tejedor, I. Telezhinsky, P. Temnikov, Y. Terada, D. Tescaro, M. Teshima, V. Testa, S. Thoudam, F. Tokanai, D. F. Torres, E. Torresi, G. Tosti, C. Townsley, P. Travnicek, C. Trichard, M. Trifoglio, S. Tsujimoto, V. Vagelli, P. Vallania, L. Valore, W. van Driel, C. van Eldik, J. Vandenbroucke, V. Vassiliev, M. Vecchi, S. Vercellone, S. Vergani, C. Vigorito, S. Vorobiov, M. Vrastil, M. L. Vazquez Acosta, S. J. Wagner, R. Wagner, S. P. Wakely, R. Walter, J. E. Ward, J. J. Watson, A. Weinstein, M. White, R. White, A. Wierzcholska, P. Wilcox, D. A. Williams, R. Wischnewski, P. Wojcik, T. Yamamoto, H. Yamamoto, R. Yamazaki, S. Yanagita, L. Yang, T. Yoshida, M. Yoshida, S. Yoshiike, T. Yoshikoshi, M. Zacharias, L. Zampieri, R. Zanin, M. Zavrtanik, D. Zavrtanik, A. Zdziarski, A. Zech, H. Zechlin, V. Zhdanov, A. Ziegler, J. Zorn

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL   Vol. 840 ( 2 )   2017.5

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  235. Cosmic-ray electron-positron spectrum from 7 GeV to 2 TeV with the Fermi Large Area Telescope Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    S. Abdollahi, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, T. J. Brandt, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, M. Caragiulo, D. Castro, E. Cavazzuti, C. Cecchi, A. Chekhtman, S. Ciprini, J. Cohen-Tanugi, F. Costanza, A. Cuoco, S. Cutini, F. D'Ammando, F. de Palma, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, N. Di Lalla, M. Di Mauro, L. Di Venere, P. S. Drell, A. Drlica-Wagner, C. Favuzzi, W. B. Focke, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, D. Green, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, A. K. Harding, T. Jogler, G. Johannesson, T. Kamae, M. Kuss, G. La Mura, L. Latronico, F. Longo, F. Loparco, P. Lubrano, S. Maldera, D. Malyshev, A. Manfreda, M. N. Mazziotta, P. F. Michelson, N. Mirabal, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, M. Negro, E. Nuss, E. Orlando, D. Paneque, J. S. Perkins, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, G. Pivato, T. A. Porter, G. Principe, S. Raino, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, C. Sgro, D. Simone, E. J. Siskind, F. Spada, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, H. Tajima, J. B. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, M. Wood, A. Worley, G. Zaharijas, S. Zimmer

    PHYSICAL REVIEW D   Vol. 95 ( 8 )   2017.4

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  236. Search for Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Anisotropies with Seven Years of Fermi Large Area Telescope Data Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    S. Abdollahi, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Albert, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, T. J. Brandt, P. Bruel, S. Buson, M. Caragiulo, E. Cavazzuti, A. Chekhtman, S. Ciprini, F. Costanza, A. Cuoco, S. Cutini, F. D'Ammando, F. de Palma, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, N. Di Lalla, M. Di Mauro, L. Di Venere, B. Donaggio, P. S. Drell, C. Favuzzi, W. B. Focke, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, D. Green, S. Guiriec, A. K. Harding, T. Jogler, G. Johannesson, T. Kamae, M. Kuss, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, F. Longo, F. Loparco, P. Lubrano, J. D. Magill, D. Malyshev, A. Manfreda, M. N. Mazziotta, M. Meehan, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, M. Negro, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, N. Omodei, D. Paneque, J. S. Perkins, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, G. Pivato, G. Principe, S. Raino, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, C. Sgro, D. Simone, E. J. Siskind, F. Spada, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, A. W. Strong, H. Tajima, J. B. Thayer, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, J. Vandenbroucke, G. Zaharijas, S. Zimmer

    PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS   Vol. 118 ( 9 ) page: 091103   2017.3

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  237. Hitomi Constraints on the 3.5 keV Line in the Perseus Galaxy Cluster Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    F. A. Aharonian, H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, K. A. Arnaud, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba, M. W. Bautz, R. D. Blandford, E. Bulbul, L. W. Brenneman, G. V. Brown, E. M. Cackett, M. Chernyakova, M. P. Chiao, P. Coppi, E. Costantini, J. de Plaa, J. -W. den Herder, C. Done, T. Dotani, K. Ebisawa, M. E. Eckart, T. Enoto, Y. Ezoe, A. C. Fabian, C. Ferrigno, A. R. Foster, R. Fujimoto, Y. Fukazawa, A. Furuzawa, M. Galeazzi, L. C. Gallo, P. Gandhi, M. Giustini, A. Goldwurm, L. Gu, M. Guainazzi, Y. Haba, K. Hagino, K. Hamaguchi, I. Harrus, I. Hatsukade, K. Hayashi, T. Hayashi, K. Hayashida, J. Hiraga, A. E. Hornschemeier, A. Hoshino, J. P. Hughes, Y. Ichinohe, R. Iizuka, H. Inoue, S. Inoue, Y. Inoue, K. Ishibashi, M. Ishida, K. Ishikawa, Y. Ishisaki, M. Itoh, M. Iwai, N. Iyomoto, J. S. Kaastra, T. Kallman, T. Kamae, E. Kara, J. Kataoka, S. Katsuda, J. Katsuta, M. Kawaharada, N. Kawai, R. L. Kelley, D. Khangulyan, C. A. Kilbourne, A. L. King, T. Kitaguchi, S. Kitamoto, T. Kitayama, T. Kohmura, M. Kokubun, S. Koyama, K. Koyama, P. Kretschmar, H. A. Krimm, A. Kubota, H. Kunieda, P. Laurent, F. Lebrun, S. -H. Lee, M. A. Leutenegger, O. Limousin, M. Loewenstein, K. S. Long, D. H. Lumb, G. M. Madejski, Y. Maeda, D. Maier, K. Makishima, M. Markevitch, H. Matsumoto, K. Matsushita, D. McCammon, B. R. McNamara, M. Mehdipour, E. D. Miller, J. M. Miller, S. Mineshige, K. Mitsuda, I. Mitsuishi, T. Miyazawa, T. Mizuno, H. Mori, K. Mori, H. Moseley, K. Mukai, H. Murakami, T. Murakami, R. F. Mushotzky, T. Nakagawa, H. Nakajima, T. Nakamori, T. Nakano, S. Nakashima, K. Nakazawa, K. Nobukawa, M. Nobukawa, H. Noda, M. Nomachi, S. L. O'Dell, H. Odaka, T. Ohashi, M. Ohno, T. Okajima, N. Ota, M. Ozaki, F. Paerels, S. Paltani, A. Parmar, R. Petre, C. Pinto, M. Pohl, F. S. Porter, K. Pottschmidt, B. D. Ramsey, C. S. Reynolds, H. R. Russell, S. Safi-Harb, S. Saito, K. Sakai, H. Sameshima, T. Sasaki, G. Sato, K. Sato, R. Sato, M. Sawada, N. Schartel, P. J. Serlemitsos, H. Seta, M. Shidatsu, A. Simionescu, R. K. Smith, Y. Soong, L. Stawarz, Y. Sugawara, S. Sugita, A. E. Szymkowiak, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, T. Takahashi, S. Takeda, Y. Takei, T. Tamagawa, K. Tamura, T. Tamura, T. Tanaka, Yasuo Tanaka, Yasuyuki Tanaka, M. Tashiro, Y. Tawara, Y. Terada, Y. Terashima, F. Tombesi, H. Tomida, Y. Tsuboi, M. Tsujimoto, H. Tsunemi, T. Tsuru, H. Uchida, H. Uchiyama, Y. Uchiyama, S. Ueda, Y. Ueda, S. Ueno, S. Uno, C. M. Urry, E. Ursino, C. P. de Vries, S. Watanabe, N. Werner, D. R. Wik, D. R. Wilkins, B. J. Williams, S. Yamada, H. Yamaguchi, K. Yamaoka, N. Y. Yamasaki, M. Yamauchi, S. Yamauchi, T. Yaqoob, Y. Yatsu, D. Yonetoku, A. Yoshida, I. Zhuravleva, A. Zoghbi

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS   Vol. 837 ( 1 )   2017.3

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  238. Operating performance of the gamma-ray Cherenkov telescope: An end-to-end Schwarzschild-Couder telescope prototype for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    J. L. Dournaux, A. De Franco, P. Laporte, R. White, T. Greenshaw, H. Sol, A. Abchiche, D. Allan, J. P. Amans, T. P. Armstrong, A. Balzer, D. Berge, C. Boisson, J. J. Bousquet, A. M. Brown, M. Bryan, G. Buchholtz, P. M. Chadwick, H. Costantini, G. Cotter, M. Daniel, F. De Frondat, D. Dumas, J. P. Ernenwein, G. Fasola, S. Funk, J. Gaudemard, J. A. Graham, J. Gironnet, O. Hervet, N. Hidaka, J. A. Hinton, J. M. Huet, I. Jegouzo, T. Jogler, T. Kawashima, M. Kraus, J. S. Lapington, J. Lefaucheur, S. Markoff, T. Melse, L. Morhrmann, P. Molnyeux, S. J. Nolan, A. Okumura, R. D. Parsons, D. Ross, G. Rowell, Y. Sato, F. Sayede, J. Schmoll, H. Schoorlemmer, M. Servillat, V. Stamatescu, M. Stephan, R. Stuik, J. Sykes, H. Tajima, J. Thornhill, L. Tibaldo, C. Trichard, J. Vinkh, J. Watson, N. Yamane, A. Zech, A. Zink

    NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT   Vol. 845   page: 355 - 358   2017.2

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  239. Fermi-LAT Observations of High-energy Behind-the-limb Solar Flares Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    M. Ackermann, A. Allafort, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, R. A. Cameron, M. Caragiulo, P. A. Caraveo, E. Cavazzuti, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, S. Ciprini, F. Costanza, S. Cutini, F. D'Ammando, F. de Palma, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, N. Di Lalla, M. Di Mauro, L. Di Venere, P. S. Drell, C. Favuzzi, Y. Fukazawa, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, I. A. Grenier, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, T. Jogler, G. Johannesson, L. Kashapova, S. Krucker, M. Kuss, G. La Mura, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, W. Liu, F. Longo, F. Loparco, P. Lubrano, J. D. Magill, S. Maldera, A. Manfreda, M. N. Mazziotta, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, M. Negro, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, V. Pal'shin, D. Paneque, J. S. Perkins, M. Pesce-Rollins, V. Petrosian, F. piron, G. Principe, S. Raino, R. Rando, M. Razzano, O. Reimer, F. Rubio da Costa, C. Sgro, D. Simone, E. J. Sisikind, F. Sapada, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, H. Tajima, J. B. Thayer, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, G. Vianello

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL   Vol. 835 ( 2 )   2017.2

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  240. Coiling of a Ruptured Large Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysm via Extracranial-Intracranial Saphenous Vein Bypass Graft Just After Proximal Ligation of the Internal Carotid Artery. Reviewed International coauthorship International journal

    Tajima H, Araki Y, Izumi T, Nishihori M, Okamoto S, Wakabayashi T

    World neurosurgery   Vol. 98   page: 879.e1 - 879.e4   2017.2

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  241. The Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    L. Tibaldo, A. Abchiche, D. Allan, J. -P. Amans, T. P. Armstrong, A. Balzer, D. Bergey, C. Boisson, J. -J. Bousquet, A. M. Brown, M. Bryan, G. Buchholtz, P. M. Chadwick, H. Costantini, G. Cotter, M. K. Daniels, A. De Franco, F. De Frondat, J. -L. Dournaux, D. Dumas, J. -P. Ernenwein, G. Fasola, S. Funk, J. Gironnet, J. A. Graham, T. Greenshaws, O. Hervet, N. Hidaka, J. A. Hintoni, J. -M. Huet, D. Jankowsky, I. Jegouzo, T. Jogler, M. Kraus, J. S. Lapington, P. Laporte, J. Lefaucheur, S. Markoff, T. Melse, L. Mohrmann, P. Molyneux, S. J. Nolan, A. Okumura, J. P. Osborne, R. D. Parsons, S. Rosen, D. Ross, G. Rowell, C. B. Rulten, Y. Sato, F. Sayede, J. Schmoll, H. Schoorlemmer, M. Servillat, H. Sol, V. Stamatescu, M. Stephan, R. Stuik, J. Sykes, H. Tajima, J. Thornhill, C. Trichard, J. Vink, J. J. Watson, R. White, N. Yamane, A. Zech, A. Zink, J. Zorn

    HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY   Vol. 1792   2017.1

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  242. SEARCHING THE GAMMA-RAY SKY FOR COUNTERPARTS TO GRAVITATIONAL WAVE SOURCES: FERMI GAMMA-RAY BURST MONITOR. AND LARGE AREA TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS OF LVT151012 AND GW151226 International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    J. L. Racusin, E. Burns, A. Goldstein, V. Connaughton, C. A. Wilson-Hodge, P. Jenke, L. Blackburn, M. S. Briggs, J. Broida, J. Camp, N. Christensen, C. M. Hui, T. Littenberg, P. Shawhan, L. Singer, J. Veitch, P. N. Bhat, W. Cleveland, G. Fitzpatrick, M. H. Gibby, A. von Kienlin, S. McBreen, B. Mailyan, C. A. Meegan, W. S. Paciesas, R. D. Preece, O. J. Roberts, M. Stanbro, P. Veres, B. -B. Zhang, M. Ackermann, A. Albert, W. B. Atwood, M. Axelsson, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, M. G. Baring, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, M. Caragiulo, P. A. Caraveo, E. Cavazzuti, E. Charles, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, F. Costanza, A. Cuoco, S. Cutini, F. D'Ammando, F. de Palma, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, N. Di Lalla, M. Di Mauro, L. Di Venere, P. S. Drell, C. Favuzzi, E. C. Ferrara, W. B. Focke, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, R. Gill, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, J. Granot, D. Green, J. E. Grove, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, A. K. Harding, T. Jogler, G. Johannesson, T. Kamae, S. Kensei, D. Kocevski, M. Kuss, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, F. Longo, F. Loparco, P. Lubrano, J. D. Magill, S. Maldera, D. Malyshev, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, P. F. Michelson, T. Mizuno, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, M. Negro, E. Nuss, N. Omodei, M. Orienti, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, J. S. Perkins, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, G. Pivato, T. A. Porter, G. Principe, S. Raino, R. Rando, M. Razzano, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, P. M. Saz Parkinson, J. D. Scargle, C. Sgro, D. Simone, E. J. Siskind, D. A. Smith, F. Spada, P. Spinelli, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, J. B. Thayer, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, Y. Uchiyama, G. Vianello, K. S. Wood, M. Wood

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL   Vol. 835 ( 1 )   2017.1

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  243. Inauguration and First Light of the GCT-M Prototype for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    J. J. Watson, A. De Franco, A. Abchiche, D. Allan, J. -P. Amans, T. P. Armstrong, A. Balzer, D. Berge, C. Boisson, J. -J. Bousquet, A. M. Brown, M. Bryan, G. Buchholtz, P. M. Chadwick, H. Costantini, G. Cotter, M. K. Daniel, F. De Frondat, J. -L. Dournaux, D. Dumas, J. -P. Ernenwein, G. Fasola, S. Funk, J. Gironnet, J. A. Graham, T. Greenshaw, O. Hervet, N. Hidaka, J. A. Hinton, J. -M. Huet, I. Jegouzo, T. Jogler, M. Kraus, J. S. Lapington, P. Laporte, J. Lefaucheur, S. Markoff, T. Melse, L. Mohrmann, P. Molyneux, S. J. Nolan, A. Okumura, J. P. Osborne, R. D. Parsons, S. Rosen, D. Ross, G. Rowell, C. B. Rulten, Y. Sato, F. Sayede, J. Schmoll, H. Schoorlemmer, M. Servillat, H. Sol, V. Stamatescu, M. Stephan, R. Stuik, J. Sykes, H. Tajima, J. Thornhill, L. Tibaldo, C. Trichard, J. Vink, R. White, N. Yamane, A. Zech, A. Zink, J. Zorn

    HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY   Vol. 1792   2017

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

    DOI: 10.1063/1.4969027

    Web of Science

    Scopus

  244. TARGET: A Digitizing And Trigger ASIC For The Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    S. Funk, D. Jankowsky, H. Katagiri, M. Kraus, A. Okumura, H. Schoorlemmer, A. Shigenaka, H. Tajima, L. Tibaldo, G. Varner, A. Zink, J. Zorn

    HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY   Vol. 1792   2017

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

    DOI: 10.1063/1.4969033

    Web of Science

    Scopus

  245. CTA Report 119: Integration test of the focal plane camera of the first CTA Large Size Telescope Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Nakajima D., Kushida J., Gunji S., Konno Y., Saito T., Sakurai S., Takahashi M., Takeda J., Tanigawa S., Tan D.V., Tsujimoto S., Inome Y., Teshima M., Terada Y., Tokanai F., Nakamori T., Nagayoshi T., Nishijima K., Nishiyama G., Nozaki S., Hayashida M., Bamba A., Ohoka H., Masuda S., Yamamoto T., Yoshida T., Yoshida M., Mazine D., Hadasch D., CTA-Japan consortium, Okumura Akira, Orito R., Katagiri H., Kishida S., Kimura S., Kubo H.

    Meeting Abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan   Vol. 72 ( 0 ) page: 466 - 466   2017

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    Language:Japanese   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:The Physical Society of Japan  

    DOI: 10.11316/jpsgaiyo.72.1.0_466

    Open Access

    CiNii Research

  246. In-Flight Performance of the Soft Gamma-ray Detector (SGD) onboard Hitomi International coauthorship International journal

    Fukazawa Y, Tajima H, Watanabe S

        page: 297   2017

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  247. Study of Interstellar Medium and Cosmic Rays in MBM 53-55 Molecular Clouds and the Pegasus Loop using Fermi-LAT Gamma-ray Observations International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Mizuno T, Abdollahi S, Fukui Y, Hayashi K, Okumura A, Tajima H, Yamamoto H

    Meeting Abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan   Vol. 72 ( 0 ) page: 461-461   2017

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.11316/jpsgaiyo.72.1.0_461

    Open Access

    CiNii Research

  248. Study of the polarimetric performance of a Si/CdTe semiconductor Compton camera for the Hitomi satellite Reviewed International coauthorship Open Access

    J. Katsuta et al.

    Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A   Vol. 840   page: 51-58   2016.12

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2016.09.057

  249. The quiescent intracluster medium in the core of the Perseus cluster Reviewed International coauthorship Open Access

    Hitomi collaboration

    Nature   Vol. 535 ( 7610 ) page: 117-121   2016.7

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1038/nature18627

  250. The First Fermi LAT Supernova Remnant Catalog Reviewed International coauthorship

    Fermi LAT collaboration

    The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series   Vol. 224 ( 1 ) page: article id. 8   2016.5

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.3847/0067-0049/224/1/8

  251. Fermi-LAT Observations of High-Energy Gamma-Ray Emission toward the Galactic Center Reviewed International coauthorship Open Access

    Fermi LAT collaboration

    The Astrophysical Journal   Vol. 819 ( 1 ) page: article id. 44   2016.3

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.3847/0004-637X/819/1/44

  252. The first demonstration of the concept of "narrow-FOV Si/CdTe semiconductor Compton camera" Reviewed International coauthorship Open Access

    Y. Ichinohe, et al.

    Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A   Vol. 806   page: 5-13   2016.1

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2015.09.081

  253. Searching for Dark Matter Annihilation from Milky Way Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies with Six Years of Fermi Large Area Telescope Data Reviewed International coauthorship Open Access

    Fermi LAT collaboration

    Physical Review Letters   Vol. 115   page: 231301   2015.11

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    The dwarf spheroidal satellite galaxies (dSphs) of the Milky Way are some of the most dark matter (DM) dominated objects known. We report on gamma-ray observations of Milky Way dSphs based on six years of Fermi Large Area Telescope data processed with the new Pass8 event-level analysis. None of the dSphs are significantly detected in gamma rays, and we present upper limits on the DM annihilation cross section from a combined analysis of 15 dSphs. These constraints are among the strongest and most robust to date and lie below the canonical thermal relic cross section for DM of mass <100 GeV annihilating via quark and tau-lepton channels.

    DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.231301

  254. First Images from the Focusing Optics X-Ray Solar Imager Reviewed International coauthorship

    FOXSI collaboration

    The Astrophysical Journal Letters   Vol. 793   page: L32   2014.9

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    The Focusing Optics X-ray Solar Imager (FOXSI) sounding rocket payload flew for the first time on 2012 November 2, producing the first focused images of the Sun above 5 keV. To enable hard X-ray (HXR) imaging spectroscopy via direct focusing, FOXSI makes use of grazing-incidence replicated optics combined with fine-pitch solid-state detectors. On its first flight, FOXSI observed several targets that included active regions, the quiet Sun, and a GOES-class B2.7 microflare. This Letter provides an introduction to the FOXSI instrument and presents its first solar image. These data demonstrate the superiority in sensitivity and dynamic range that is achievable with a direct HXR imager with respect to previous, indirect imaging methods, and illustrate the technological readiness for a spaceborne mission to observe HXRs from solar flares via direct focusing optics.

    DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/793/2/L32

  255. Introducing the CTA concept Reviewed International coauthorship Open Access

    CTA consortium

    Astroparticle Physics   Vol. 43   page: 3-18   2013.3

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    The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a new observatory for very high-energy (VHE) gamma rays. CTA has ambitions science goals, for which it is necessary to achieve full-sky coverage, to improve the sensitivity by about an order of magnitude, to span about four decades of energy, from a few tens of GeV to above 100 TeV with enhanced angular and energy resolutions over existing VHE gamma-ray observatories. An international collaboration has formed with more than 1000 members from 27 countries in Europe, Asia, Africa and North and South America. In 2010 the CTA Consortium completed a Design Study and started a three-year Preparatory Phase which leads to production readiness of CTA in 2014. In this paper we introduce the science goals and the concept of CTA, and provide an overview of the project.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2013.01.007

  256. Detection of the Characteristic Pion-Decay Signature in Supernova Remnants Reviewed International coauthorship Open Access

    Fermi LAT collaboration

    Science   Vol. 339   page: 807-811   2013.2

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    Cosmic rays are particles (mostly protons) accelerated to relativistic speeds. Despite wide agreement that supernova remnants (SNRs) are the sources of galactic cosmic rays, unequivocal evidence for the acceleration of protons in these objects is still lacking. When accelerated protons encounter interstellar material, they produce neutral pions, which in turn decay into gamma rays. This offers a compelling way to detect the acceleration sites of protons. The identification of pion-decay gamma rays has been difficult because high-energy electrons also produce gamma rays via bremsstrahlung and inverse Compton scattering. We detected the characteristic pion-decay feature in the gamma-ray spectra of two SNRs, IC 443 and W44, with the Fermi Large Area Telescope. This detection provides direct evidence that cosmic-ray protons are accelerated in SNRs.

    DOI: 10.1126/science.1231160

  257. TARGET: A multi-channel digitizer chip for very-high-energy gamma-ray telescopes Reviewed International coauthorship Open Access

    Bechtol, K.; Funk, S.; Okumura, A.; Ruckman, L. L.; Simons, A.; Tajima, H.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Varner, G. S.

    Astroparticle Physics   Vol. 36   page: 156-165   2012.8

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    The next-generation very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray observatory, the Cherenkov Telescope Array, will feature dozens of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs), each with thousands of pixels of photo-sensors. To be affordable and reliable, reading out such an array of up to a million channels requires event recording technology that is highly integrated and modular, with a low cost per channel. We present the design and performance of a chip targeted to this application: the TeV Array Readout with GSa/s sampling and Event Trigger (TARGET). This application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) has 16 parallel input channels, a 4096-sample buffer for each channel, adjustable input termination, self-trigger functionality, and tight window-selected readout. We report the performance of the first-generation version of this chip (TARGET 1) in terms of sampling frequency, power consumption, dynamic range, current-mode gain, analog bandwidth, and cross talk. The large number of channels per chip allows a low cost per channel (10 to 20 including front-end and back-end electronics but not including photosensors) to be achieved with a TARGET-based IACT readout system. In addition to basic performance parameters of the TARGET 1 chip, we present a camera module prototype as well as a second-generation chip (TARGET 2), both of which have now been produced.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.05.016

  258. Fermi Large Area Telescope Discovery of GeV Gamma-Ray Emission from the Vicinity of SNR W44 Reviewed International coauthorship Open Access

    Uchiyama, Yasunobu; Funk, Stefan; Katagiri, Hideaki; Katsuta, Junichiro; Lemoine-Goumard, Marianne; Tajima, Hiroyasu; Tanaka, Takaaki; Torres, Diego F.

    The Astrophysical Journal Letters   Vol. 749   page: L35   2012.4

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    We report the detection of GeV gamma-ray emission from the molecular cloud complex that surrounds the supernova remnant (SNR) W44 using the Large Area Telescope on board Fermi. While the previously reported gamma-ray emission from SNR W44 is likely to arise from the dense radio-emitting filaments within the remnant, the gamma-ray emission that appears to come from the surrounding molecular cloud complex can be ascribed to the cosmic rays (CRs) that have escaped from W44. The non-detection of synchrotron radio emission associated with the molecular cloud complex suggests the decay of pi0 mesons produced in hadronic collisions as the gamma-ray emission mechanism. The total kinetic energy channeled into the escaping CRs is estimated to be Wesc ~ (0.3-3) x 10^50 erg, in broad agreement with the conjecture that SNRs are the main sources of Galactic CRs.

    DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/749/2/L35

  259. Gamma-Ray Observations of the Supernova Remnant RX J0852.0-4622 with the Fermi Large Area Telescope Reviewed International coauthorship Open Access

    Tanaka, T.; Allafort, A.; Ballet, J.; Funk, S.; Giordano, F.; Hewitt, J.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Tajima, H.; Tibolla, O.; Uchiyama, Y.

    The Astrophysical Journal Letters   Vol. 740   page: L51   2011.10

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    We report on gamma-ray observations of the supernova remnant (SNR) RX J0852.0-4622 with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. In the Fermi-LAT data, we find a spatially extended source at the location of the SNR. The extension is consistent with the SNR size seen in other wavelengths such as X-rays and TeV gamma rays, leading to the identification of the gamma-ray source with the SNR. The spectrum is well described as a power law with a photon index of 1.85±0.06 (stat)+0.18-0.19 (sys), which smoothly connects to the H.E.S.S. spectrum in the TeV energy band. We discuss the gamma-ray emission mechanism based on multiwavelength data. The broadband data can be fit well by a model in which the gamma rays are of hadronic origin. We also consider a scenario with inverse Compton scattering of electrons as the emission mechanism of the gamma rays. Although the leptonic model predicts a harder spectrum in the Fermi-LAT energy range, the model can fit the data considering the statistical and systematic errors.

    DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/740/2/L51

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Books 2

  1. Silicon Detectors for Gamma-Ray Astronomy

    Caputo R., Fukazawa Y., Johnson R.P., Longo F., Prest M., Tajima H., Vallazza E.( Role: Sole author)

    Handbook of X Ray and Gamma Ray Astrophysics  2024.1  ( ISBN:9789811969591, 9789811969607

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    Language:Japanese

    Silicon semiconductor detectors have heralded a worldwide revolution in gamma-ray astrophysics. Because of their ease of fabrication, abundance, and functionality at room temperature, silicon detectors have become the to-go detector for large-scale use in gamma-ray telescopes. This chapter will discuss the principles of silicon detectors, including the interaction of photons in silicon, their operating principles, and various detector technologies. Finally the chapter will overview a sample of past and currently operating space-based gamma-ray missions which have implemented various silicon detector technologies and briefly discuss the future outlook.

    DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-6960-7_160

    Scopus

  2. Silicon Strip Detectors

    Tajima H., Hagino K.( Role: Sole author)

    Handbook of X Ray and Gamma Ray Astrophysics  2024.1  ( ISBN:9789811969591, 9789811969607

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    Language:Japanese

    Silicon strip detector is an excellent technology for X-ray imaging and spectroscopic applications thanks to good energy resolution due to a small energy band gap and good detection efficiency up to 20 keV due to a thick detector. This chapter describes the basic principles, structures, properties, radiation damage, and expected performances of silicon strip detectors. Silicon strip detectors are suitable for X-ray applications which require good timing resolutions and detection efficiencies with moderate energy resolutions. Double-sided silicon strip detectors utilized in two major X-ray missions demonstrate performance achievable with this technology.

    DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-6960-7_173

    Scopus

MISC 39

  1. Proton radiation resistance of photodetector MPPC for space use

    今澤遼, 眞武寛人, 内田悠介, 高橋弘充, 内田和海, 水野恒史, 深澤泰司, 大野雅功, 大野雅功, 田島宏康, 山岡和貴, 羽鳥聡, 久米恭, 水嶋慧

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   Vol. 76 ( 1 )   2021

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  2. Development of solar neutron and gamma-ray detector for 3U CubeSat

    野橋大輝, 山岡和貴, 田島宏康, 宮田喜久子, 稲守孝哉, PARK Ji Hyun, 中澤知洋, 増田智, 伊藤和也, 松下幸司, 高橋弘充, 渡邉恭子

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   Vol. 75 ( 1 )   2020

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  3. 3Uキューブサットによる太陽中性子・ガンマ線観測

    山岡和貴, 田島宏康, 宮田喜久子, 稲守孝哉, 佐々井義矩, 中澤知洋, 増田智, 松下幸司, 伊藤和也, 高橋弘充, 渡邉恭子

    日本地球惑星科学連合大会予稿集(Web)   Vol. 2019   2019

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  4. Solar neutron and gamma-ray detector for a 3U Cubesat

    Kazutaka Yamaoka, Hiroyasu Tajima, Kikuko Miyata, Takaya Inamori, Yoshinori Sasai, Hiroaki Kawahara, Ji Hyun Park, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Satoshi Masuda, Koji Matsushita, Kazuya Itoh, Daiki Nobashi, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Kyoko Watanabe

    Proceedings of Science   Vol. 358   2019

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  5. 超小型衛星による,宇宙空間からの太陽中性子の観測(III)

    山岡和貴, 田島宏康, 宮田喜久子, 稲守孝哉, PARK Ji Hyun, 野橋大輝, 中澤知洋, 増田智, 伊藤和也, 松下幸司, 高橋弘充, 渡邉恭子

    日本天文学会年会講演予稿集   Vol. 2019   2019

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  6. Report on a current thermal design plan for SONGS (SOlar Neutron and Gamma-ray Spectroscopy) mission

    宮田喜久子, 山岡和貴, 稲守孝哉, 田島宏康, PARK Ji Hyun

    日本航空宇宙学会中部・関西支部合同秋期大会講演論文集(CD-ROM)   Vol. 56th   2019

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  7. Overview and Current Status Report of the SONGS (SOlar Neutron and Gamma-ray Spectroscopy) Mission

    宮田喜久子, 山岡和貴, 稲守孝哉, 田島宏康, PARK Ji Hyun

    宇宙科学技術連合講演会講演集(CD-ROM)   Vol. 63rd   2019

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  8. Characterisation and testing of CHEC-M-A camera prototype for the small-sized telescopes of the Cherenkov telescope array Reviewed

    Zorn J, White R, Watson J. J, Armstrong T. P, Balzer A, Barcelo M, Berge D, Bose R, Brown A. M, Bryan M, Chadwick P. M, Clark P, Costantini H, Cotter G, Dangeon L, Daniel M, De Franco A, Deiml P, Fasola G, Funk S, Gebyehu M, Gironnet J, Graham J. A, Greenshaw T, Hinton J. A, Kraus M, Lapington J. S, Laporte P, Leach S. A, Le Blanc O, Malouf A, Molyneux P, Moore P, Prokoph H, Okumura A, Ross D, Rowell G, Sapozhnikov L, Schoorlemmer H, Sol H, Stephan M, Tajima H, Tibaldo L, Varner G, Zink A

    NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT   Vol. 904   page: 44-63   2018.10

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2018.06.078

  9. Accretion geometry of the black-hole binary Cygnus X-1 from X-ray polarimetry Reviewed

    Chauvin M, Floren H-G, Friis M, Jackson M, Kamae T, Kataoka J, Kawano T, Kiss M, Mikhalev V, Mizuno T, Ohashi N, Stana T, Tajima H, Takahashi H, Uchida N, Pearce M

    NATURE ASTRONOMY   Vol. 2 ( 8 ) page: 652-655 - 655   2018.8

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    DOI: 10.1038/s41550-018-0489-x

    Scopus

  10. Fermi-LAT Observations of LIGO/Virgo Event GW170817 Reviewed

    Ajello M, Allafort A, Axelsson M, Baldini L, Barbiellini G, Baring M. G, Bastieri D, Bellazzini R, Berenji B, Bissaldi E, Blandford R. D, Bloom E. D, Bonino R, Bottacini E, Brandt T. J, Bregeon J, Bruel P, Buehler R, Burnett T. H, Buson S, Cameron R. A, Caputo R, Caraveo P. A, Casandjian J. M, Cavazzuti E, Chekhtman A, Cheung C. C, Chiang J, Chiaro G, Ciprini S, Cohen-Tanugi J, Cominsky L. R, Costantin D, Cuoco A, Cutini S, D'Ammando F, de Palma F, Di Lalla N, Di Mauro M, Di Venere L, Dubois R, Dumora D, Favuzzi C, Ferrara E. C, Franckowiak A, Fukazawa Y, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Gasparrini D, Giglietto N, Gill R, Giordano F, Giroletti M, Glanzman T, Granot J, Green D, Grenier I. A, Grondin M. -H, Guillemot L, Guiriec S, Harding A. K, Hays E, Horan D, Imazato F, Johannesson G, Kamae T, Kensei S, Kocevski D, Kuss M, La Mura G, Larsson S, Latronico L, Li J, Longo F, Loparco F, Lovellette M. N, Lubrano P, Magill J. D, Maldera S, Manfreda A, Mazziotta M. N, Michelson P. F, Mizuno T, Moiseev A. A, Monzani M. E, Moretti E, Morselli A, Moskalenko I. V, Negro M, Nuss E, Ojha R, Omodei N, Orlando E, Ormes J. F, Palatiello M, Paliya V. S, Paneque D, Persic M, Pesce-Rollins M, Petrosian V, Piron F, Porter T. A, Principe G, Racusin J. L, Raino S, Rando R, Razzano M, Razzaque S, Reimer A, Reimer O, Ritz S, Rochester L. S, Ryde F, Parkinson P, M. Saz, Sgro C, Siskind E. J, Spada F, Spandre G, Spinelli P, Suson D. J, Tajima H, Takahashi M, Tak D, Thayer J. G, Thayer J. B, Torres D. F, Torresi E, Tosti G, Troja E, Valverde J, Venters T. M, Vianello G, Wood K, Yang C, Zaharijas G

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL   Vol. 861 ( 2 )   2018.7

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aac515

  11. Soft x-ray imaging telescope (Xtend) onboard X-ray Astronomy Recovery Mission (XARM)

    Hayashida, Kiyoshi, Tomida, Hiroshi, Mori, Koji, Nakajima, Hiroshi, Tanaka, Takaaki, Uchida, Hiroyuki, Tsuru, Takeshi G, Murakami, Hiroshi, Okajima, Takashi, Kohmura, Takayoshi, Hagino, Kouichi, Kobayashi, Shogo B, Ishida, Manabu, Maeda, Yoshitomo, Uchiyama, Hideki, Yamaoka, Kazutaka, Matsumoto, Hironori, Nobukawa, Masayoshi, Nobukawa, Kumiko K, Hiraga, Junko, S, Yamauchi, Makoto, Hatsukade, Isamu, Soong, Yang, Mori, Hideyuki, Hayashi, Takayuki, Tsunemi, Hiroshi, Ozaki, Masanobu, Dotani, Tadayasu, Iwagaki, Junichi, Yoneyama, Tomokage, Okazaki, Koki, Asakura, Kazunori, Onishi, Satomi, Kanemaru, Yoshiaki, Sato, Jin, Nishioka, Yusuke, Takeda, Ayaki, Okon, Hiromichi, Yoshida, Masayuki, Shimoi, Takeo

    Proceedings of the SPIE   Vol. 10699   2018.7

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    Language:English  

    DOI: 10.1117/12.2311446

  12. Search for Gamma-Ray Emission from the Coma Cluster with Six Years of Fermi-LAT Data (vol 819, 149, 2016) Reviewed

    Ackermann M, Ajello M, Albert A, Atwood W. B, Baldini L, Ballet J, Barbiellini G, Bastieri D, Bechtol K, Bellazzini R, Bissaldi E, Blandford R. D, Bloom E. D, Bonino R, Bottacini E, Bregeon J, Bruel P, Buehler R, Caliandro G. A, Cameron R. A, Caragiulo M, Caraveo P. A, Casandjian J. M, Cavazzuti E, Cecchi C, Charles E, Chekhtman A, Chiaro G, Ciprini S, Cohen-Tanugi J, Conrad J, Cutini S, D'Ammando F, de Angelis A, de Palma F, Desiante R, Digel S. W, Di Venere

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL   Vol. 860 ( 1 )   2018.6

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aac7c3

  13. Modeling of proton-induced radioactivation background in hard X-ray telescopes: Geant4-based simulation and its demonstration by Hitomi's measurement in a low Earth orbit Reviewed

    Hirokazu Odaka, Makoto Asai, Kouichi Hagino, Tatsumi Koi, Greg Madejski, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Masanori Ohno, Shinya Saito, Tamotsu Sato, Dennis H. Wright, Teruaki Enoto, Yasushi Fukazawa, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Jun Kataoka, Junichiro Katsuta, Madoka Kawaharada, Shogo B. Kobayashi, Motohide Kokubun, Philippe Laurent, Francois Lebrun, Olivier Limousin, Daniel Maier, Kazuo Makishima, Taketo Mimura, Katsuma Miyake, Kunishiro Mori, Hiroaki Murakami, Takeshi Nakamori, Toshio Nakano, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Hirofumi Noda, Masayuki Ohta, Masanobu Ozaki, Goro Sato, Rie Sato, Hiroyasu Tajima, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Tadayuki Takahashi, Shin'ichiro Takeda, Takaaki Tanaka, Yasuyuki Tanaka, Yukikatsu Terada, Hideki Uchiyama, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Shin Watanabe, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Tetsuya Yasuda, Yoichi Yatsu, Takayuki Yuasa, Andreas Zoglauer

    NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT   Vol. 891   page: 92 - 105   2018.5

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2018.02.071

    Web of Science

  14. Search for Gamma-Ray Emission from Local Primordial Black Holes with the Fermi Large Area Telescope Reviewed

    M. Ackermann, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, P. A. Caraveo, E. Cavazzuti, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, C. C. Cheung, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, J. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, D. Costantin, F. D'Ammando, F. De Palma, S. W. Digel, N. Di Lalla, M. Di Mauro, L. Di Venere, C. Favuzzi, S. J. Fegan, W. B. Focke, A. Franckowiak, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, D. Green, I. A. Grenier, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, D. Horan, G. Jóhannesson, C. Johnson, S. Kensei, D. Kocevski, M. Kuss, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, J. D. Magill, S. Maldera, D. Malyshev, A. Manfreda, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, M. Meyer, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, M. E. Monzani, E. Moretti, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, M. Negro, E. Nuss, R. Ojha, N. Omodei, M. Orienti, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, M. Palatiello, V. S. Paliya, D. Paneque, M. Persic, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, G. Principe, S. Rainò, R. Rando, M. Razzano, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, S. Ritz, M. Sánchez-Conde, C. Sgrò, E. J. Siskind, F. Spada, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, J. G. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, D. F. Torres, G. Tosti, E. Troja, J. Valverde, G. Vianello, K. Wood, M. Wood, G. Zaharijas

    Astrophysical Journal   Vol. 857 ( 1 )   2018.4

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aaac7b

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  15. Design and performance of Soft Gamma-ray Detector onboard the Hitomi (ASTRO-H) satellite Reviewed

    Hiroyasu Tajima, Shin Watanabe, Yasushi Fukazawa, Roger Blandford, Teruaki Enoto, Andrea Goldwurm, Kouichi Hagino, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Yuto Ichinohe, Jun Kataoka, Junichiro Katsuta, Takao Kitaguchi, Motohide Kokubun, Philippe Laurent, François Lebrun, Olivier Limousin, Grzegorz M. Madejski, Kazuo Makishima, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Kunishiro Mori, Takeshi Nakamori, Toshio Nakano, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Hirofumi Noda, Hirokazu Odaka, Masanori Ohno, Masayuki Ohta, Shinya Saito, Goro Sato, Rie Sato, Shinichiro Takeda, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Tadayuki Takahashi, Takaaki Tanaka, Yasuyuki Tanaka, Yukikatsu Terada, Hideki Uchiyama, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Yoichi Yatsu, Daisuke Yonetoku, Takayuki Yuasa

    Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems   Vol. 4 ( 2 )   2018.4

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    DOI: 10.1117/1.JATIS.4.2.021411

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  16. In-orbit performance and calibration of the Hard X-ray Imager onboard Hitomi (ASTRO-H) Reviewed

    Kouichi Hagino, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Goro Sato, Motohide Kokubun, Teruaki Enoto, Yasushi Fukazawa, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Jun Kataoka, Junichiro Katsuta, Shogo B. Kobayashi, Philippe Laurent, Francois Lebrun, Olivier Limousin, Daniel Maier, Kazuo Makishima, Taketo Mimura, Katsuma Miyake, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Kunishiro Mori, Hiroaki Murakami, Takeshi Nakamori, Toshio Nakano, Hirofumi Noda, Hirokazu Odaka, Masanori Ohno, Masayuki Ohta, Shinya Saito, Rie Sato, Hiroyasu Tajima, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Tadayuki Takahashi, Shin'ichiro Takeda, Takaaki Tanaka, Yukikatsu Terada, Hideki Uchiyama, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Shin Watanabe, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Yoichi Yatsu, Takayuki Yuasa

    Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems   Vol. 4 ( 2 )   2018.4

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    DOI: 10.1117/1.JATIS.4.2.021409

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  17. HITOMI (ASTRO-H) X-ray astronomy satellite Reviewed

    Tadayuki Takahashi, Motohide Kokubun, Kazuhisa Mitsuda, Richard L. Kelley, Takaya Ohashi, Felix Aharonian, Hiroki Akamatsu, Fumie Akimoto, Steven W. Allen, Naohisa Anabuki, Lorella Angelini, Keith Arnaud, Makoto Asai, Marc Audard, Hisamitsu Awaki, Magnus Axelsson, Philipp Azzarello, Chris Baluta, Aya Bamba, Nobutaka Bando, Marshall W. Bautz, Thomas Bialas, Roger Blandford, Kevin Boyce, Laura W. Brenneman, Gregory V. Brown, Esra Bulbul, Edward M. Cackett, Edgar Canavan, Maria Chernyakova, Meng P. Chiao, Paolo S. Coppi, Elisa Costantini, Steve O' Dell, Michael DiPirro, Chris Done, Tadayasu Dotani, John Doty, Ken Ebisawa, Megan E. Eckart, Teruaki Enoto, Yuichiro Ezoe, Andrew C. Fabian, Carlo Ferrigno, Adam R. Foster, Ryuichi Fujimoto, Yasushi Fukazawa, Stefan Funk, Akihiro Furuzawa, Massimiliano Galeazzi, Luigi C. Gallo, Poshak Gandhi, Kirk Gilmore, Margherita Giustini, Andrea Goldwurm, Liyi Gu, Matteo Guainazzi, Daniel Haas, Yoshito Haba, Kouichi Hagino, Kenji Hamaguchi, Ilana M. Harrus, Isamu Hatsukade, Takayuki Hayashi, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Kiyoshi Hayashida, Jan Willem Den Herder, Junko S. Hiraga, Kazuyuki Hirose, Ann Hornschemeier, Akio Hoshino, John P. Hughes, Yuto Ichinohe, Ryo Iizuka, Hajime Inoue, Yoshiyuki Inoue, Kazunori Ishibashi, Manabu Ishida, Kumi Ishikawa, Kosei Ishimura, Yoshitaka Ishisaki, Masayuki Itoh, Masachika Iwai, Naoko Iwata, Naoko Iyomoto, Chris Jewell, Jelle Kaastra, Tim Kallman, Tsuneyoshi Kamae, Erin Kara, Jun Kataoka, Satoru Katsuda, Junichiro Katsuta, Madoka Kawaharada, Nobuyuki Kawai, Taro Kawano, Shigeo Kawasaki, Dmitry Khangulyan, Caroline A. Kilbourne, Mark Kimball

    Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems   Vol. 4 ( 2 )   2018.4

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    DOI: 10.1117/1.JATIS.4.2.021402

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  18. X線衛星「ひとみ」搭載軟ガンマ線検出器(SGD)によるかに星雲のガンマ線偏光観測

    渡辺伸, 渡辺伸, 内田悠介, 内田悠介, 田島宏康, 深沢泰司, 一戸悠人, 内山秀樹, 内山泰伸, 榎戸輝揚, 太田方之, 大野雅功, 小高裕和, 片岡淳, 勝田隼一郎, 北口貴雄, 国分紀秀, GOLDWURM A, 斉藤新也, 佐藤悟朗, 佐藤理江, 高橋忠幸, 高橋忠幸, 高橋弘充, 武田伸一郎, 田中孝明, 田中康之, 寺田幸功, 中澤知洋, 中澤知洋, 中野俊男, 中森健之, 野田博文, 萩野浩一, 林克洋, 林克洋, BLANDFORD R, 牧島一夫, MADEJSKI G, 水野恒史, 森國城, 谷津陽一, 山岡和貴, 湯浅孝行, 米徳大輔, LAURENT P, LIMOUSIN O, LEBRUN F

    日本物理学会講演概要集(CD-ROM)   Vol. 73 ( 1 ) page: ROMBUNNO.25pK307‐5   2018.3

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  19. X線天文衛星「ひとみ」搭載SGDによるかに星雲からの偏光ガンマ線の観測

    内田悠介, 渡辺伸, 田島宏康, 深沢泰司, 国分紀秀, 太田方之, 佐藤悟朗, 佐藤理江, 森國城, 高橋忠幸, 高橋忠幸, 水野恒史, 高橋弘充, 大野雅功, 田中康之, 勝田隼一郎, 中澤知洋, 牧島一夫, 小高裕和, 北口貴雄, 中野俊男, 湯浅孝行, 片岡淳, 一戸悠人, 内山秀樹, 内山泰伸, 斉藤新也, 榎戸輝揚, 田中孝明, GOLDWURM A, LAURENT P, LIMOUSIN O, LEBRUN F, 武田伸一郎, 寺田幸功, 中森健之, 野田博文, 萩野浩一, 山岡和貴, 林克洋, 林克洋, BLANDFORD R, MADEJSKI G, 谷津陽一, 米徳大輔

    日本天文学会年会講演予稿集   Vol. 2018   page: 148   2018.2

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  20. CTA report 143: Evaluation of the sensitivity of the Small-Sized Telescopes under moonlight

    Sasai Yoshinori, Sakaki Naoto, Takahashi Tomoya, Tajima Hiroyasu, Taneda Yuki, Chikawa Michiyuki, Nakamura Yuki, Nakamori Takeshi, Nishijina Kyoshi, Fujihara Chikako, Miura Chika, Ohishi Michiko, Yoshikoshi Takanori, Yoshida Tatsuo, Ri Ken, Zenin Anatolii, the CTA-Japan Consortium, Okumura Akira, Orito Reiko, Katagiri Hideaki, Kamimoto Takumi, Kushida Junko, Gunji Shuichi, Saito Takayuki

    Meeting Abstracts of the Physical Society of Japan   Vol. 73   page: 192 - 192   2018

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    DOI: 10.11316/jpsgaiyo.73.2.0_192

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  21. 超小型衛星による,宇宙空間からの太陽中性子の観測

    山岡和貴, 田島宏康, 宮田喜久子, 田村啓輔, 伊藤和也, 稲守孝哉, 高橋弘充

    日本天文学会年会講演予稿集   Vol. 2018   2018

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  22. Shedding new light on the Crab with polarized X-rays Reviewed

    M. Chauvin, H. G. Florén, M. Friis, M. Jackson, T. Kamae, J. Kataoka, T. Kawano, M. Kiss, V. Mikhalev, T. Mizuno, N. Ohashi, T. Stana, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, N. Uchida, M. Pearce

    Scientific Reports   Vol. 8 ( 1 )   2017.12

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    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24853-7

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  23. The GCT camera for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

    J. S. Lapington, A. Abchiche, D. Allan, J. -P. Amans, T. P. Armstrong, A. Balzer, D. Berge, C. Boisson, J. -J. Bousquet, R. Bose, A. M. Brown, M. Bryan, G. Buchholtz, J. Buckley, P. M. Chadwick, H. Costantini, G. Cotter, M. K. Daniel, A. De Franco, F. De Frondat, J. -L. Dournaux, D. Dumas, J. -P. Ernenwein, G. Fasola, S. Funk, J. Gironnet, J. A. Graham, T. Greenshaw, O. Hervet, N. Hidaka, J. A. Hinton, J. -M. Huet, D. Jankowsky, I. Jegouzo, T. Jogler, T. Kawashima, M. Kraus, P. Laporte, S. Leach, J. Lefaucheur, S. Markoff, T. Melse, I. A. Minaya, L. Mohrmann, P. Molyneux, P. Moore, S. J. Nolan, A. Okumura, J. P. Osborne, R. D. Parsons, S. Rosen, D. Ross, G. Rowell, C. B. Rulten, Y. Sato, F. Sayede, J. Schmoll, H. Schoorlemmer, M. Servillat, H. Sol, V. Stamatescu, M. Stephan, R. Stuik, J. Sykes, H. Tajima, J. Thornhill, L. Tibaldo, C. Trichard, G. Varner, J. Vink, J. J. Watson, R. White, N. Yamane, A. Zech, A. Zink, J. Zorn

    NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT   Vol. 876   page: 1 - 4   2017.12

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2016.12.010

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  24. Solar abundance ratios of the iron-peak elements in the Perseus cluster

    Felix Aharonian, Hiroki Akamatsu, Fumie Akimoto, Steven W. Allen, Lorella Angelini, Marc Audard, Hisamitsu Awaki, Magnus Axelsson, Aya Bamba, Marshall W. Bautz, Roger Blandford, Laura W. Brenneman, Gregory V. Brown, Esra Bulbul, Edward M. Cackett, Maria Chernyakova, Meng P. Chiao, Paolo S. Coppi, Elisa Costantini, Jelle De Plaa, Jan-Willem den Herder, Chris Done, Tadayasu Dotani, Ken Ebisawa, Megan E. Eckart, Teruaki Enoto, Yuichiro Ezoe, Andrew C. Fabian, Carlo Ferrigno, Adam R. Foster, Ryuichi Fujimoto, Yasushi Fukazawa, Akihiro Furuzawa, Massimiliano Galeazzi, Luigi C. Gallo, Poshak Gandhi, Margherita Giustini, Andrea Goldwurm, Liyi Gu, Matteo Guainazzi, Yoshito Haba, Kouichi Hagino, Kenji Hamaguchi, Ilana M. Harrus, Isamu Hatsukade, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Takayuki Hayashi, Kiyoshi Hayashida, Junko S. Hiraga, Ann Hornschemeier, Akio Hoshino, John P. Hughes, Yuto Ichinohe, Ryo Iizuka, Hajime Inoue, Yoshiyuki Inoue, Manabu Ishida, Kumi Ishikawa, Yoshitaka Ishisaki, Masachika Iwai, Jelle Kaastra, Tim Kallman, Tsuneyoshi Kamae, Jun Kataoka, Satoru Katsuda, Nobuyuki Kawai, Richard L. Kelley, Caroline A. Kilbourne, Takao Kitaguchi, Shunji Kitamoto, Tetsu Kitayama, Takayoshi Kohmura, Motohide Kokubun, Katsuji Koyama, Shu Koyama, Peter Kretschmar, Hans A. Krimm, Aya Kubota, Hideyo Kunieda, Philippe Laurent, Shiu-Hang Lee, Maurice A. Leutenegger, Olivier Limousine, Michael Loewenstein, Knox S. Long, David Lumb, Greg Madejski, Yoshitomo Maeda, Daniel Maier, Kazuo Makishima, Maxim Markevitch, Hironori Matsumoto, Kyoko Matsushita, Dan McCammon, Brian R. McNamara, Missagh Mehdipour, Eric D. Miller, Jon M. Miller, Shin Mineshige, Kazuhisa Mitsuda, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, Takuya Miyazawa, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Hideyuki Mori, Koji Mori, Koji Mukai, Hiroshi Murakami, Richard F. Mushotzky, Takao Nakagawa, Hiroshi Nakajima, Takeshi Nakamori, Shinya Nakashima, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Kumiko K. Nobukawa, Masayoshi Nobukawa, Hirofumi Noda, Hirokazu Odaka, Takaya Ohashi, Masanori Ohno, Takashi Okajima, Naomi Ota, Masanobu Ozaki, Frits Paerels, StPhane Paltani, Robert Petre, Ciro Pinto, Frederick S. Porter, Katja Pottschmidt, Christopher S. Reynolds, Samar Safi-Harb, Shinya Saito, Kazuhiro Sakai, Toru Sasaki, Goro Sato, Kosuke Sato, Rie Sato, Makoto Sawada, Norbert Schartel, Peter J. Serlemitsos, Hiromi Seta, Megumi Shidatsu, Aurora Simionescu, Randall K. Smith, Yang Soong, Lukasz Stawarz, Yasuharu Sugawara, Satoshi Sugita, Andrew Szymkowiak, Hiroyasu Tajima, Hiromitsu Takahashi, Tadayuki Takahashi, Shin'ichiro Takeda, Yoh Takei, Toru Tamagawa, Takayuki Tamura, Takaaki Tanaka, Yasuo Tanaka, Yasuyuki T. Tanaka, Makoto S. Tashiro, Yuzuru Tawara, Yukikatsu Terada, Yuichi Terashima, Francesco Tombesi, Hiroshi Tomida, Yohko Tsuboi, Masahiro Tsujimoto, Hiroshi Tsunemi, Takeshi Go Tsuru, Hiroyuki Uchida, Hideki Uchiyama, Yasunobu Uchiyama, Shutaro Ueda, Yoshihiro Ueda, Shin'ichiro Uno, C. Megan Urry, Eugenio Ursino, Cor P. de Vries, Shin Watanabe, Norbert Werner, Daniel R. Wik, Dan R. Wilkins, Brian J. Williams, Shinya Yamada, Hiroya Yamaguchi, Kazutaka Yamaoka, Noriko Y. Yamasaki, Makoto Yamauchi, Shigeo Yamauchi, Tahir Yaqoob, Yoichi Yatsu, Daisuke Yonetoku, Irina Zhuravleva, Abderahmen Zoghbi

    NATURE   Vol. 551 ( 7681 ) page: 478 - +   2017.11

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    DOI: 10.1038/nature24301

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  25. Supernova Remnant Paradigm for Cosmic-Ray Origin

      Vol. 72 ( 9 ) page: 649 - 657   2017.9

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  26. 「ひとみ(ASTRO‐H)」搭載軟ガンマ線検出器における軌道上バックグラウンドの理解

    大野雅功, 深沢泰司, 水野恒史, 高橋弘充, 北口貴雄, 田中康之, 勝田隼一郎, 河野貴文, 幅田翔, 岡田千穂, 大橋礼恵, 寺前拓人, 田中晃司, 高橋忠幸, 国分紀秀, 渡辺伸, 佐藤悟朗, 太田方之, 内田悠介, 都丸亮太, 米田浩基, 小高裕和, 小高裕和, 中澤知洋, 村上浩章, 田島宏康, 木下将臣, 山岡和貴, 林克洋

    日本天文学会年会講演予稿集   Vol. 2017   page: 246   2017.8

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  27. Shedding new light on the Crab with polarized X-rays

    M. Chauvin, H. -G. Floren, M. Friis, M. Jackson, T. Kamae, J. Kataoka, T. Kawano, M. Kiss, V. Mikhalev, T. Mizuno, N. Ohashi, T. Stana, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, N. Uchida, M. Pearce

    SCIENTIFIC REPORTS   Vol. 7   2017.8

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    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07390-7

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  28. TARGET 5: A new multi-channel digitizer with triggering capabilities for gamma-ray atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes

    A. Albert, S. Funk, H. Katagiri, T. Kawashima, M. Murphy, A. Okumura, R. Quagliani, L. Sapozhnikov, A. Shigenaka, H. Tajima, L. Tibaldo, J. Vandenbroucke, G. Varner, T. Wu

    ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS   Vol. 92   page: 49 - 61   2017.6

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2017.05.003

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  29. Prospects for Cherenkov Telescope Array Observations of the Young Supernova Remnant RX J1713.7-3946 Reviewed

    F. Acero, R. Aloisio, J. Amans, E. Amato, L. A. Antonelli, C. Aramo, T. Armstrong, F. Arqueros, K. Asano, M. Ashley, M. Backes, C. Balazs, A. Balzer, A. Bamba, M. Barkov, J. A. Barrio, W. Benbow, K. Bernloehr, V. Beshley, C. Bigongiari, A. Biland, A. Bilinsky, E. Bissaldi, J. Biteau, O. Blanch, P. Blasi, J. Blazek, C. Boisson, G. Bonanno, A. Bonardi, C. Bonavolonta, G. Bonnoli, C. Braiding, S. Brau-Nogue, J. Bregeon, A. M. Brown, V. Bugaev, A. Bulgarelli, T. Bulik, M. Burton, A. Burtovoi, G. Busetto, M. Bottcher, R. Cameron, M. Capalbi, A. Caproni, P. Caraveo, R. Carosi, E. Cascone, M. Cerruti, S. Chaty, A. Chen, X. Chen, M. Chernyakova, M. Chikawa, J. Chudoba, J. Cohen-Tanugi, S. Colafrancesco, V. Conforti, J. L. Contreras, A. Costa, G. Cotter, S. Covino, G. Covone, P. Cumani, G. Cusumano, F. D'Ammando, D. D'Urso, M. Daniel, F. Dazzi, A. De Angelis, G. De Cesare, A. De Franco, F. De Frondat, E. M. de Gouveia Dal Pino, C. De Lisio, R. de los Reyes Lopez, B. De Lotto, M. de Naurois, F. De Palma, M. Del Santo, C. Delgado, D. della Volpe, T. Di Girolamo, C. Di Giulio, F. Di Pierro, L. Di Venere, M. Doro, J. Dournaux, D. Dumas, V. Dwarkadas, C. Diaz, J. Ebr, K. Egberts, S. Einecke, D. Elsaesser, S. Eschbach, D. Falceta-Goncalves, G. Fasola, E. Fedorova, A. Fernandez-Barral, G. Ferrand, M. Fesquet, E. Fiandrini, A. Fiasson, M. D. Filipovic, V. Fioretti, L. Font, G. Fontaine, F. J. Franco, L. Freixas Coromina, Y. Fujita, Y. Fukui, S. Funk, A. Forster, A. Gadola, R. Garcia Lopez, M. Garczarczyk, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, A. Giuliani, J. Glicenstein, R. Gnatyk, P. Goldoni, T. Grabarczyk, R. Graciani, J. Graham, P. Grandi, J. Granot, A. J. Green, S. Griffiths, S. Gunji, H. Hakobyan, S. Hara, T. Hassan, M. Hayashida, M. Heller, J. C. Helo, J. Hinton, B. Hnatyk, J. Huet, M. Huetten, T. B. Humensky, M. Hussein, J. Horandel, Y. Ikeno, T. Inada, Y. Inome, S. Inoue, T. Inoue, Y. Inoue, K. Ioka, M. Iori, J. Jacquemier, P. Janecek, D. Jankowsky, I. Jung, P. Kaaret, H. Katagiri, S. Kimeswenger, S. Kimura, J. Knodlseder, B. Koch, J. Kocot, K. Kohri, N. Komin, Y. Konno, K. Kosack, S. Koyama, M. Kraus, H. Kubo, G. Kukec Mezek, J. Kushida, N. La Palombara, K. Lalik, G. Lamanna, H. Landt, J. Lapington, P. Laporte, S. Lee, J. Lees, J. Lefaucheur, J. -P. Lenain, G. Leto, E. Lindfors, T. Lohse, S. Lombardi, F. Longo, M. Lopez, F. Lucarelli, P. L. Luque-Escamilla, R. Lopez-Coto, M. C. Maccarone, G. Maier, G. Malaguti, D. Mandat, G. Maneva, S. Mangano, A. Marcowith, J. Marti, M. Martinez, G. Martinez, S. Masuda, G. Maurin, N. Maxted, C. Melioli, T. Mineo, N. Mirabal, T. Mizuno, R. Moderski, M. Mohammed, T. Montaruli, A. Moralejo, K. Mori, G. Morlino, A. Morselli, E. Moulin, R. Mukherjee, C. Mundell, H. Muraishi, K. Murase, S. Nagataki, T. Nagayoshi, T. Naito, D. Nakajima, T. Nakamori, R. Nemmen, J. Niemiec, D. Nieto, M. Nievas-Rosillo, M. Nikolajuk, K. Nishijima, K. Noda, L. Nogues, D. Nosek, B. Novosyadlyj, S. Nozaki, Y. Ohira, M. Ohishi, S. Ohm, A. Okumura, R. A. Ong, R. Orito, A. Orlati, M. Ostrowski, I. Oya, M. Padovani, J. Palacio, M. Palatka, J. M. Paredes, S. Pavy, A. Pe'er, M. Persic, P. Petrucci, O. Petruk, A. Pisarski, M. Pohl, A. Porcelli, E. Prandini, J. Prast, G. Principe, M. Prouza, E. Pueschel, G. Puelhofer, A. Quirrenbach, M. Rameez, O. Reimer, M. Renaud, M. Ribo, J. Rico, V. Rizi, J. Rodriguez, G. Rodriguez Fernandez, J. J. Rodriguez Vazquez, P. Romano, G. Romeo, J. Rosado, J. Rousselle, G. Rowell, B. Rudak, I. Sadeh, S. Safi-Harb, T. Saito, N. Sakaki, D. Sanchez, P. Sangiorgi, H. Sano, M. Santander, S. Sarkar, M. Sawada, E. J. Schioppa, H. Schoorlemmer, P. Schovanek, F. Schussler, O. Sergijenko, M. Servillat, A. Shalchi, R. C. Shellard, H. Siejkowski, A. Sillanpaa, D. Simone, V. Sliusar, H. Sol, S. Stanic, R. Starling, L. Stawarz, S. Stefanik, M. Stephan, T. Stolarczyk, M. Szanecki, T. Szepieniec, G. Tagliaferri, H. Tajima, M. Takahashi, J. Takeda, M. Tanaka, S. Tanaka, L. A. Tejedor, I. Telezhinsky, P. Temnikov, Y. Terada, D. Tescaro, M. Teshima, V. Testa, S. Thoudam, F. Tokanai, D. F. Torres, E. Torresi, G. Tosti, C. Townsley, P. Travnicek, C. Trichard, M. Trifoglio, S. Tsujimoto, V. Vagelli, P. Vallania, L. Valore, W. van Driel, C. van Eldik, J. Vandenbroucke, V. Vassiliev, M. Vecchi, S. Vercellone, S. Vergani, C. Vigorito, S. Vorobiov, M. Vrastil, M. L. Vazquez Acosta, S. J. Wagner, R. Wagner, S. P. Wakely, R. Walter, J. E. Ward, J. J. Watson, A. Weinstein, M. White, R. White, A. Wierzcholska, P. Wilcox, D. A. Williams, R. Wischnewski, P. Wojcik, T. Yamamoto, H. Yamamoto, R. Yamazaki, S. Yanagita, L. Yang, T. Yoshida, M. Yoshida, S. Yoshiike, T. Yoshikoshi, M. Zacharias, L. Zampieri, R. Zanin, M. Zavrtanik, D. Zavrtanik, A. Zdziarski, A. Zech, H. Zechlin, V. Zhdanov, A. Ziegler, J. Zorn

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL   Vol. 840 ( 2 )   2017.5

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  30. The Fermi Galactic Center GeV Excess and Implications for Dark Matter

    M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Albert, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, T. J. Brandt, Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, T. H. Burnett, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, M. Caragiulo, P. A. Caraveo, E. Cavazzuti, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, J. Chiang, A. Chiappo, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, J. Conrad, F. Costanza, A. Cuoco, S. Cutini, F. D'Ammando, F. de Palmai, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, N. Di Lalla, M. Di Mauro, L. Di Venere, P. S. Drell, C. Favuzzi, J. Fegan, E. C. Ferrara, W. B. Fockes, A. Franckowiak, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gaspanini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, G. A. Gomez-Vargas, D. Green, I. A. Grenier, J. E. Grove, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, M. Gustafsson, A. K. Harding, E. Hays, J. W. Hewitt, D. Horan, T. Jogler, A. S. Johnson, T. Kamae, D. Kocevski, M. Kuss, G. La Mura, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette, P. Lubrano, J. D. Magill, S. Maldera, D. Malyshev, A. Manfreda, P. Martin, M. N. Mazziottam, P. F. Michelson, N. Mirabal, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, M. Negro, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, M. Orienti, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, J. S. Perkins, M. Persic, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, G. Principe, S. Raino, R. Rando, M. Razzano, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, M. Sanchez-Conde, C. Sgro, D. Simone, E. J. Siskind, F. Spada, G. Spandrel, P. Spinelli, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, K. Tanaka, J. B. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, Y. Uchiyama, G. Vianello, K. S. Wood, M. Wood, G. Zaharijas, S. Zimmer

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL   Vol. 840 ( 1 )   2017.5

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  31. Cosmic-ray electron-positron spectrum from 7 GeV to 2 TeV with the Fermi Large Area Telescope Reviewed

    S. Abdollahi, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, T. J. Brandt, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, M. Caragiulo, D. Castro, E. Cavazzuti, C. Cecchi, A. Chekhtman, S. Ciprini, J. Cohen-Tanugi, F. Costanza, A. Cuoco, S. Cutini, F. D'Ammando, F. de Palma, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, N. Di Lalla, M. Di Mauro, L. Di Venere, P. S. Drell, A. Drlica-Wagner, C. Favuzzi, W. B. Focke, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, D. Green, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, A. K. Harding, T. Jogler, G. Johannesson, T. Kamae, M. Kuss, G. La Mura, L. Latronico, F. Longo, F. Loparco, P. Lubrano, S. Maldera, D. Malyshev, A. Manfreda, M. N. Mazziotta, P. F. Michelson, N. Mirabal, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, M. Negro, E. Nuss, E. Orlando, D. Paneque, J. S. Perkins, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, G. Pivato, T. A. Porter, G. Principe, S. Raino, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, C. Sgro, D. Simone, E. J. Siskind, F. Spada, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, H. Tajima, J. B. Thayer, L. Tibaldo, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, M. Wood, A. Worley, G. Zaharijas, S. Zimmer

    PHYSICAL REVIEW D   Vol. 95 ( 8 )   2017.4

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    DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.95.082007

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  32. Hitomi Constraints on the 3.5 keV Line in the Perseus Galaxy Cluster Reviewed

    F. A. Aharonian, H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, K. A. Arnaud, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba, M. W. Bautz, R. D. Blandford, E. Bulbul, L. W. Brenneman, G. V. Brown, E. M. Cackett, M. Chernyakova, M. P. Chiao, P. Coppi, E. Costantini, J. de Plaa, J. -W. den Herder, C. Done, T. Dotani, K. Ebisawa, M. E. Eckart, T. Enoto, Y. Ezoe, A. C. Fabian, C. Ferrigno, A. R. Foster, R. Fujimoto, Y. Fukazawa, A. Furuzawa, M. Galeazzi, L. C. Gallo, P. Gandhi, M. Giustini, A. Goldwurm, L. Gu, M. Guainazzi, Y. Haba, K. Hagino, K. Hamaguchi, I. Harrus, I. Hatsukade, K. Hayashi, T. Hayashi, K. Hayashida, J. Hiraga, A. E. Hornschemeier, A. Hoshino, J. P. Hughes, Y. Ichinohe, R. Iizuka, H. Inoue, S. Inoue, Y. Inoue, K. Ishibashi, M. Ishida, K. Ishikawa, Y. Ishisaki, M. Itoh, M. Iwai, N. Iyomoto, J. S. Kaastra, T. Kallman, T. Kamae, E. Kara, J. Kataoka, S. Katsuda, J. Katsuta, M. Kawaharada, N. Kawai, R. L. Kelley, D. Khangulyan, C. A. Kilbourne, A. L. King, T. Kitaguchi, S. Kitamoto, T. Kitayama, T. Kohmura, M. Kokubun, S. Koyama, K. Koyama, P. Kretschmar, H. A. Krimm, A. Kubota, H. Kunieda, P. Laurent, F. Lebrun, S. -H. Lee, M. A. Leutenegger, O. Limousin, M. Loewenstein, K. S. Long, D. H. Lumb, G. M. Madejski, Y. Maeda, D. Maier, K. Makishima, M. Markevitch, H. Matsumoto, K. Matsushita, D. McCammon, B. R. McNamara, M. Mehdipour, E. D. Miller, J. M. Miller, S. Mineshige, K. Mitsuda, I. Mitsuishi, T. Miyazawa, T. Mizuno, H. Mori, K. Mori, H. Moseley, K. Mukai, H. Murakami, T. Murakami, R. F. Mushotzky, T. Nakagawa, H. Nakajima, T. Nakamori, T. Nakano, S. Nakashima, K. Nakazawa, K. Nobukawa, M. Nobukawa, H. Noda, M. Nomachi, S. L. O'Dell, H. Odaka, T. Ohashi, M. Ohno, T. Okajima, N. Ota, M. Ozaki, F. Paerels, S. Paltani, A. Parmar, R. Petre, C. Pinto, M. Pohl, F. S. Porter, K. Pottschmidt, B. D. Ramsey, C. S. Reynolds, H. R. Russell, S. Safi-Harb, S. Saito, K. Sakai, H. Sameshima, T. Sasaki, G. Sato, K. Sato, R. Sato, M. Sawada, N. Schartel, P. J. Serlemitsos, H. Seta, M. Shidatsu, A. Simionescu, R. K. Smith, Y. Soong, L. Stawarz, Y. Sugawara, S. Sugita, A. E. Szymkowiak, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, T. Takahashi, S. Takeda, Y. Takei, T. Tamagawa, K. Tamura, T. Tamura, T. Tanaka, Yasuo Tanaka, Yasuyuki Tanaka, M. Tashiro, Y. Tawara, Y. Terada, Y. Terashima, F. Tombesi, H. Tomida, Y. Tsuboi, M. Tsujimoto, H. Tsunemi, T. Tsuru, H. Uchida, H. Uchiyama, Y. Uchiyama, S. Ueda, Y. Ueda, S. Ueno, S. Uno, C. M. Urry, E. Ursino, C. P. de Vries, S. Watanabe, N. Werner, D. R. Wik, D. R. Wilkins, B. J. Williams, S. Yamada, H. Yamaguchi, K. Yamaoka, N. Y. Yamasaki, M. Yamauchi, S. Yamauchi, T. Yaqoob, Y. Yatsu, D. Yonetoku, A. Yoshida, I. Zhuravleva, A. Zoghbi

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS   Vol. 837 ( 1 )   2017.3

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  33. Search for Cosmic-Ray Electron and Positron Anisotropies with Seven Years of Fermi Large Area Telescope Data Reviewed

    S. Abdollahi, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, A. Albert, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, T. J. Brandt, P. Bruel, S. Buson, M. Caragiulo, E. Cavazzuti, A. Chekhtman, S. Ciprini, F. Costanza, A. Cuoco, S. Cutini, F. D'Ammando, F. de Palma, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, N. Di Lalla, M. Di Mauro, L. Di Venere, B. Donaggio, P. S. Drell, C. Favuzzi, W. B. Focke, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, D. Green, S. Guiriec, A. K. Harding, T. Jogler, G. Johannesson, T. Kamae, M. Kuss, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, F. Longo, F. Loparco, P. Lubrano, J. D. Magill, D. Malyshev, A. Manfreda, M. N. Mazziotta, M. Meehan, P. F. Michelson, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, A. A. Moiseev, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, M. Negro, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, N. Omodei, D. Paneque, J. S. Perkins, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, G. Pivato, G. Principe, S. Raino, R. Rando, M. Razzano, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, C. Sgro, D. Simone, E. J. Siskind, F. Spada, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, A. W. Strong, H. Tajima, J. B. Thayer, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, J. Vandenbroucke, G. Zaharijas, S. Zimmer

    PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS   Vol. 118 ( 9 )   2017.3

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    DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.091103

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  34. Fermi-LAT Observations of High-energy Behind-the-limb Solar Flares Reviewed

    M. Ackermann, A. Allafort, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. Bonino, E. Bottacini, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, R. A. Cameron, M. Caragiulo, P. A. Caraveo, E. Cavazzuti, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, S. Ciprini, F. Costanza, S. Cutini, F. D'Ammando, F. de Palma, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, N. Di Lalla, M. Di Mauro, L. Di Venere, P. S. Drell, C. Favuzzi, Y. Fukazawa, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, I. A. Grenier, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, T. Jogler, G. Johannesson, L. Kashapova, S. Krucker, M. Kuss, G. La Mura, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, W. Liu, F. Longo, F. Loparco, P. Lubrano, J. D. Magill, S. Maldera, A. Manfreda, M. N. Mazziotta, W. Mitthumsiri, T. Mizuno, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, M. Negro, E. Nuss, T. Ohsugi, N. Omodei, E. Orlando, V. Pal'shin, D. Paneque, J. S. Perkins, M. Pesce-Rollins, V. Petrosian, F. piron, G. Principe, S. Raino, R. Rando, M. Razzano, O. Reimer, F. Rubio da Costa, C. Sgro, D. Simone, E. J. Sisikind, F. Sapada, G. Spandre, P. Spinelli, H. Tajima, J. B. Thayer, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, G. Vianello

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL   Vol. 835 ( 2 )   2017.2

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    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/835/2/219

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  35. Operating performance of the gamma-ray Cherenkov telescope: An end-to-end Schwarzschild-Couder telescope prototype for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed

    J. L. Dournaux, A. De Franco, P. Laporte, R. White, T. Greenshaw, H. Sol, A. Abchiche, D. Allan, J. P. Amans, T. P. Armstrong, A. Balzer, D. Berge, C. Boisson, J. J. Bousquet, A. M. Brown, M. Bryan, G. Buchholtz, P. M. Chadwick, H. Costantini, G. Cotter, M. Daniel, F. De Frondat, D. Dumas, J. P. Ernenwein, G. Fasola, S. Funk, J. Gaudemard, J. A. Graham, J. Gironnet, O. Hervet, N. Hidaka, J. A. Hinton, J. M. Huet, I. Jegouzo, T. Jogler, T. Kawashima, M. Kraus, J. S. Lapington, J. Lefaucheur, S. Markoff, T. Melse, L. Morhrmann, P. Molnyeux, S. J. Nolan, A. Okumura, R. D. Parsons, D. Ross, G. Rowell, Y. Sato, F. Sayede, J. Schmoll, H. Schoorlemmer, M. Servillat, V. Stamatescu, M. Stephan, R. Stuik, J. Sykes, H. Tajima, J. Thornhill, L. Tibaldo, C. Trichard, J. Vinkh, J. Watson, N. Yamane, A. Zech, A. Zink

    NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT   Vol. 845   page: 355 - 358   2017.2

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    DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2016.05.059

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  36. SEARCHING THE GAMMA-RAY SKY FOR COUNTERPARTS TO GRAVITATIONAL WAVE SOURCES: FERMI GAMMA-RAY BURST MONITOR. AND LARGE AREA TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS OF LVT151012 AND GW151226

    J. L. Racusin, E. Burns, A. Goldstein, V. Connaughton, C. A. Wilson-Hodge, P. Jenke, L. Blackburn, M. S. Briggs, J. Broida, J. Camp, N. Christensen, C. M. Hui, T. Littenberg, P. Shawhan, L. Singer, J. Veitch, P. N. Bhat, W. Cleveland, G. Fitzpatrick, M. H. Gibby, A. von Kienlin, S. McBreen, B. Mailyan, C. A. Meegan, W. S. Paciesas, R. D. Preece, O. J. Roberts, M. Stanbro, P. Veres, B. -B. Zhang, M. Ackermann, A. Albert, W. B. Atwood, M. Axelsson, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, M. G. Baring, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, R. Bonino, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, R. Caputo, M. Caragiulo, P. A. Caraveo, E. Cavazzuti, E. Charles, J. Chiang, S. Ciprini, F. Costanza, A. Cuoco, S. Cutini, F. D'Ammando, F. de Palma, R. Desiante, S. W. Digel, N. Di Lalla, M. Di Mauro, L. Di Venere, P. S. Drell, C. Favuzzi, E. C. Ferrara, W. B. Focke, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, N. Giglietto, R. Gill, M. Giroletti, T. Glanzman, J. Granot, D. Green, J. E. Grove, L. Guillemot, S. Guiriec, A. K. Harding, T. Jogler, G. Johannesson, T. Kamae, S. Kensei, D. Kocevski, M. Kuss, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, J. Li, F. Longo, F. Loparco, P. Lubrano, J. D. Magill, S. Maldera, D. Malyshev, M. N. Mazziotta, J. E. McEnery, P. F. Michelson, T. Mizuno, M. E. Monzani, A. Morselli, I. V. Moskalenko, M. Negro, E. Nuss, N. Omodei, M. Orienti, E. Orlando, J. F. Ormes, D. Paneque, J. S. Perkins, M. Pesce-Rollins, F. Piron, G. Pivato, T. A. Porter, G. Principe, S. Raino, R. Rando, M. Razzano, S. Razzaque, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, P. M. Saz Parkinson, J. D. Scargle, C. Sgro, D. Simone, E. J. Siskind, D. A. Smith, F. Spada, P. Spinelli, D. J. Suson, H. Tajima, J. B. Thayer, D. F. Torres, E. Troja, Y. Uchiyama, G. Vianello, K. S. Wood, M. Wood

    ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL   Vol. 835 ( 1 )   2017.1

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/835/1/82

    Web of Science

  37. Inauguration and First Light of the GCT-M Prototype for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed

    J. J. Watson, A. De Franco, A. Abchiche, D. Allan, J. -P. Amans, T. P. Armstrong, A. Balzer, D. Berge, C. Boisson, J. -J. Bousquet, A. M. Brown, M. Bryan, G. Buchholtz, P. M. Chadwick, H. Costantini, G. Cotter, M. K. Daniel, F. De Frondat, J. -L. Dournaux, D. Dumas, J. -P. Ernenwein, G. Fasola, S. Funk, J. Gironnet, J. A. Graham, T. Greenshaw, O. Hervet, N. Hidaka, J. A. Hinton, J. -M. Huet, I. Jegouzo, T. Jogler, M. Kraus, J. S. Lapington, P. Laporte, J. Lefaucheur, S. Markoff, T. Melse, L. Mohrmann, P. Molyneux, S. J. Nolan, A. Okumura, J. P. Osborne, R. D. Parsons, S. Rosen, D. Ross, G. Rowell, C. B. Rulten, Y. Sato, F. Sayede, J. Schmoll, H. Schoorlemmer, M. Servillat, H. Sol, V. Stamatescu, M. Stephan, R. Stuik, J. Sykes, H. Tajima, J. Thornhill, L. Tibaldo, C. Trichard, J. Vink, R. White, N. Yamane, A. Zech, A. Zink, J. Zorn

    HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY   Vol. 1792   2017

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1063/1.4969027

    Web of Science

  38. The Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope for the Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed

    L. Tibaldo, A. Abchiche, D. Allan, J. -P. Amans, T. P. Armstrong, A. Balzer, D. Bergey, C. Boisson, J. -J. Bousquet, A. M. Brown, M. Bryan, G. Buchholtz, P. M. Chadwick, H. Costantini, G. Cotter, M. K. Daniels, A. De Franco, F. De Frondat, J. -L. Dournaux, D. Dumas, J. -P. Ernenwein, G. Fasola, S. Funk, J. Gironnet, J. A. Graham, T. Greenshaws, O. Hervet, N. Hidaka, J. A. Hintoni, J. -M. Huet, D. Jankowsky, I. Jegouzo, T. Jogler, M. Kraus, J. S. Lapington, P. Laporte, J. Lefaucheur, S. Markoff, T. Melse, L. Mohrmann, P. Molyneux, S. J. Nolan, A. Okumura, J. P. Osborne, R. D. Parsons, S. Rosen, D. Ross, G. Rowell, C. B. Rulten, Y. Sato, F. Sayede, J. Schmoll, H. Schoorlemmer, M. Servillat, H. Sol, V. Stamatescu, M. Stephan, R. Stuik, J. Sykes, H. Tajima, J. Thornhill, C. Trichard, J. Vink, J. J. Watson, R. White, N. Yamane, A. Zech, A. Zink, J. Zorn

    HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY   Vol. 1792   2017

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1063/1.4969025

    Web of Science

  39. TARGET: A Digitizing And Trigger ASIC For The Cherenkov Telescope Array Reviewed

    S. Funk, D. Jankowsky, H. Katagiri, M. Kraus, A. Okumura, H. Schoorlemmer, A. Shigenaka, H. Tajima, L. Tibaldo, G. Varner, A. Zink, J. Zorn

    HIGH ENERGY GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY   Vol. 1792   2017

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (scientific journal)  

    DOI: 10.1063/1.4969033

    Web of Science

▼display all

Presentations 20

  1. Suppressing Optical Cross Talk in Silicon Photomultipliers International conference

    H. Tajima, A. Okumura, N. Hidaka, Y. Nakamura, N. Yamane, A. Zenin

    International Conference on the Advancement of Silicon Photomultipliers 

     More details

    Event date: 2018.6

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (general)  

    Venue:Schwetzingen, Germany   Country:Germany  

    Compared to conventional photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) based on multi-cell geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (GAPDs) have advantages with regards to photon detection efficiency, compactness, robustness and tolerance of both magnetic fields and intense light sources. In addition, SiPMs can be cost effective for applications that require many channels with small unit area. Because of these advantages, SiPMs are starting to replace PMs in many applications.
    When used in the cameras of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, the optical crosstalk of SiPMs needs to be reduced in order to suppress accidental triggers due to the high rate of night sky background caused by scattered starlight and moonlight, and the fluorescence of excited molecules in the atmosphere.
    In this contribution, the propagation properties of optical photons in SiPMs are investigated through systematic measurements of the optical crosstalk with varying SiPM pixel and GAPD cell sizes and with and without coatings on the SiPMs. It was observed that a significant portion of the optical crosstalk is mediated by the coating. The propagation of optical photons in the bulk silicon of the SiPM is also discussed.

  2. Indirect searches for dark matter with gamma rays and other messengers Invited

    Hiroyasu Tajima

    The first KMI School 

     More details

    Event date: 2018.2 - 2018.3

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (general)  

    Venue:Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University   Country:Japan  

  3. Evaluation of Silicon Photomultipliers for Dual-Mirror Small-Sized Telescopes of CTA International conference

    Hiro Tajima for CTA ASTRI and GCT projects

    8th International Conference on New Development in Photodetection 

     More details

    Event date: 2017.7

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (general)  

    Venue:Tours, France   Country:France  

    All camera designs for Small-Sized telescopes (SSTs) proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) utilise silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) as their baseline photon sensor technology. The dual-mirror SST (SST-2M) has a smaller plate scale (i.e. image size) than the single-mirror SST, allowing it to employ 2,000 square SiPMs with pixel sizes of approximately 6 mm, close to the mainstream SiPM sizes.
    In CTA, the night sky background level of typically ~25 Mcount/s/pixel (> 100 Mcounts/s/pixel at maximum) places severe constraints on the trigger capability due to accidental coincidence on neighbouring pixels. In order to suppress such events, it is necessary to reduce optical crosstalk, a mechanism whereby a single optical photon can produce multiple avalanches in the SiPM, while keeping good photon detection efficiency. These are, in general, contradicting requirements.
    In this talk, we report on characterisation of a variety of SiPM technologies for SST-2M cameras and compare results obtained at different participating institutions. We assess the harmonisation of results and discuss the likely performance that will be achieved for the first production cameras.

  4. Search for PeVatrons with Imaging Cherenkov Telescopes Invited

    田島宏康

    CRC将来計画タウンミーティング 

     More details

    Event date: 2017.3

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (invited, special)  

    Venue:東京大学   Country:Japan  

  5. Indirect Searches for WIMP Dark Matter Invited

    Hiroyasu Tajima

    Physics in LHC and the Early Universe 

     More details

    Event date: 2017.1

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (invited, special)  

    Venue:University of Tokyo   Country:Japan  

    Indirect dark matter search by gamma-ray and cosmic anti-particle observations are reviewed.

  6. Quest for the Origin of Cosmic Rays with Gamma-Ray Observations Invited

    Hiroyasu Tajima

    The 3rd International Symposium on "Quest for the Origin of Particles and the Universe" 

     More details

    Event date: 2017.1

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (invited, special)  

    Venue:Nagoya University   Country:Japan  

    Cosmic rays are among long standing mysteries of the Universe since the origin and the acceleration mechanism of cosmic rays are not known well. Gamma-ray observations are expected to play a prominent role in probing into those questions since gamma rays are produced by interaction of cosmic rays. In fact, the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope found the first undeniable evidence of cosmic ray acceleration in supernova remnants (SNRs) in 2013. However, it is not yet conclusive whether the SNRs is the sole origin of Galactic cosmic rays and we also have no credible clues on the extragalactic origins. In this talk, recent progresses and future prospects on uncovering the origins of Galactic and extragalatic cosmic rays are reviewed.

  7. Tracking with Fermi LAT International conference

    Hiroyasu Tajima

    23rd International Workshop on Vertex Detectors 

     More details

    Event date: 2014.9

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (invited, special)  

    Country:Czech Republic  

  8. Quest for Dark Matter with Cosmic Gamma-ray Observations International conference

    Hiroyasu Tajima

    KMI International Symposium 2013 on Quest for the Origin of Particles and the Universe" 

     More details

    Event date: 2013.12

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (invited, special)  

    Country:Japan  

  9. Particle Physics and Astrophysics by Cosmic Gamma-ray Observations International conference

    Hiroyasu Tajima

    KMI Inauguration Conference on "Quest for the Origin of Particles and the Universe" 

     More details

    Event date: 2011.10

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (invited, special)  

    Country:Japan  

  10. Soft gamma-ray detector for the ASTRO-H Mission International conference

    ASTRO-H SGD team

    SPIE Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray 

     More details

    Event date: 2010.6 - 2010.7

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (general)  

    Country:United States  

    ASTRO-H is the next generation JAXA X-ray satellite, intended to carry instruments with broad energy coverage and exquisite energy resolution. The Soft Gamma-ray Detector (SGD) is one of ASTRO-H instruments and will feature wide energy band (40-600 keV) at a background level 10 times better than the current instruments on orbit. SGD is complimentary to ASTRO-H's Hard X-ray Imager covering the energy range of 5-80 keV. The SGD achieves low background by combining a Compton camera scheme with a narrow field-of-view active shield where Compton kinematics is utilized to reject backgrounds. The Compton camera in the SGD is realized as a hybrid semiconductor detector system which consists of silicon and CdTe (cadmium telluride) sensors. Good energy resolution is afforded by semiconductor sensors, and it results in good background rejection capability due to better constraints on Compton kinematics. Utilization of Compton kinematics also makes the SGD sensitive to the gamma-ray polarization, opening up a new window to study properties of gamma-ray emission processes. The ASTRO-H mission is approved by ISAS/JAXA to proceed to a detailed design phase with an expected launch in 2014. In this paper, we present science drivers and concept of the SGD instrument followed by detailed description of the instrument and expected performance.

  11. Fermi Observations of High-energy Emission from Gamma-Ray Bursts International conference

    Hiroyasu Tajima

    TeV Particle Astrophysics 2009 

     More details

    Event date: 2009.7

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (invited, special)  

    Country:United States  

  12. Polarimetry with ASTRO-H Soft Gamma-ray Detector International conference

    Hiroyasu Tajima

    The coming of age of X-ray polarimetry 

     More details

    Event date: 2009.4

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (invited, special)  

    Country:Italy  

    ASTRO-H is a next generation JAXA X-ray satellite to be launched in 2014. Soft Gamma-ray Detector (SGD) onboard ASTRO-H is a semiconductor Compton camera with a narrow field-of-view (FOV) to achieve very low background. Although the SGD is primarily a spectrometer in the 40-600 keV energy band, it is also sensitive to polarization in the 50-200 keV energy band. This paper describes instrument design, expected performance, and experimental validation of polarimetric performance of the SGD.

  13. Compton Camera for Space and Security Applications International conference

    Hiroyasu Tajima

    IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, Compton Camera Workshop 

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    Event date: 2008.10

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (invited, special)  

    Country:Germany  

  14. Detectors for Cosmic Rays on Ground and in Space International conference

    Hiroyasu Tajima

    11th Vienna Conference on Instrumentation 

     More details

    Event date: 2007.2

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (invited, special)  

    Country:Austria  

    The origin of the cosmic rays has been a great mystery since it was discovered by Victor Hess in 1912.
    AGASA observation of ultra-high-energy cosmic-rays (UHECR) possibly beyond GZK (Greisen, Zatsepin and Kuzmin) cutoff stimulated the field in great deal.
    In addition, Kamiokande detection of neutrinos from SN1987A and H.E.S.S. detection of TeV gamma-rays from supernova remnants demonstrated viability of neutrino and TeV gamma-ray astronomy for cosmic-ray research.
    New generation of currently-operating or soon-to-be-operating detectors for charged particles, gamma-rays and neutrinos from cosmos will get us even closer to understanding the nature and origin of cosmic-rays.
    Detectors for UHECRs, gamma-rays and neutrinos are of particular importance in order to study the origins of cosmic-rays since these particles are free from the deflection due to magnetic fields.
    Detectors for antiparticles and gamma-rays would be useful to detect cosmic-rays originated from the decay of the dark matter in the Universe.
    I will review these cosmic-ray detectors with particular attention on the differences of ground-based, balloon-borne and satellite-borne detectors.

  15. Suppressing Optical Cross Talk in Silicon Photomultipliers

    H. Tajima, A. Okumura, N. Hidaka, Y. Nakamura, N. Yamane, A. Zenin

    International Conference on the Advancement of Silicon Photomultipliers  2018.6.11 

     More details

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (general)  

    Venue:Schwetzingen, Germany  

    Compared to conventional photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) based on multi-cell geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (GAPDs) have advantages with regards to photon detection efficiency, compactness, robustness and tolerance of both magnetic fields and intense light sources. In addition, SiPMs can be cost effective for applications that require many channels with small unit area. Because of these advantages, SiPMs are starting to replace PMs in many applications.
    When used in the cameras of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, the optical crosstalk of SiPMs needs to be reduced in order to suppress accidental triggers due to the high rate of night sky background caused by scattered starlight and moonlight, and the fluorescence of excited molecules in the atmosphere.
    In this contribution, the propagation properties of optical photons in SiPMs are investigated through systematic measurements of the optical crosstalk with varying SiPM pixel and GAPD cell sizes and with and without coatings on the SiPMs. It was observed that a significant portion of the optical crosstalk is mediated by the coating. The propagation of optical photons in the bulk silicon of the SiPM is also discussed.

  16. Indirect Searches for WIMP Dark Matter Invited International conference

    Hiroyasu Tajima

    Physics in LHC and the Early Universe  2017.1.9  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas "New expansion of particle physics of post-Higgs era by LHC revealing the vacuum and space-time structure"

     More details

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (invited, special)  

    Venue:University of Tokyo  

    Indirect dark matter search by gamma-ray and cosmic anti-particle observations are reviewed.

  17. Indirect searches for dark matter with gamma rays and other messengers Invited International conference

    Hiroyasu Tajima

    The first KMI School  2018.2.28 

     More details

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (general)  

    Venue:Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University  

  18. Evaluation of Silicon Photomultipliers for Dual-Mirror Small-Sized Telescopes of CTA

    Hiro Tajima for, CTA ASTRI, GCT projects

    8th International Conference on New Development in Photodetection  2017.7.3 

     More details

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (general)  

    Venue:Tours, France  

    All camera designs for Small-Sized telescopes (SSTs) proposed for the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) utilise silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) as their baseline photon sensor technology. The dual-mirror SST (SST-2M) has a smaller plate scale (i.e. image size) than the single-mirror SST, allowing it to employ 2,000 square SiPMs with pixel sizes of approximately 6 mm, close to the mainstream SiPM sizes.
    In CTA, the night sky background level of typically ~25 Mcount/s/pixel (> 100 Mcounts/s/pixel at maximum) places severe constraints on the trigger capability due to accidental coincidence on neighbouring pixels. In order to suppress such events, it is necessary to reduce optical crosstalk, a mechanism whereby a single optical photon can produce multiple avalanches in the SiPM, while keeping good photon detection efficiency. These are, in general, contradicting requirements.
    In this talk, we report on characterisation of a variety of SiPM technologies for SST-2M cameras and compare results obtained at different participating institutions. We assess the harmonisation of results and discuss the likely performance that will be achieved for the first production cameras.

  19. Search for PeVatrons with Imaging Cherenkov Telescopes Invited International conference

    田島宏康

    CRC将来計画タウンミーティング  2017.3.24  宇宙線研究者会議

     More details

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (invited, special)  

    Venue:東京大学  

  20. Quest for the Origin of Cosmic Rays with Gamma-Ray Observations Invited International conference

    Hiroyasu Tajima

    The 3rd International Symposium on "Quest for the Origin of Particles and the Universe"  2017.1.5  Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Partivles and the Universe

     More details

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (invited, special)  

    Venue:Nagoya University  

    Cosmic rays are among long standing mysteries of the Universe since the origin and the acceleration mechanism of cosmic rays are not known well. Gamma-ray observations are expected to play a prominent role in probing into those questions since gamma rays are produced by interaction of cosmic rays. In fact, the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope found the first undeniable evidence of cosmic ray acceleration in supernova remnants (SNRs) in 2013. However, it is not yet conclusive whether the SNRs is the sole origin of Galactic cosmic rays and we also have no credible clues on the extragalactic origins. In this talk, recent progresses and future prospects on uncovering the origins of Galactic and extragalatic cosmic rays are reviewed.

▼display all

Research Project for Joint Research, Competitive Funding, etc. 2

  1. Development of photon sensors for Cherenkov Telescope Array

    2015.10

    Cooperative Research within an Affiliated University or Institute 

  2. 革新的超広角高感度ガンマ線可視化装置の開発

    2012.5 - 2015.3

    研究成果展開事業 (先端計測分析技術・機器開発プログラム) 

      More details

    Grant type:Competitive

KAKENHI (Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research) 5

  1. Search for Dark Matter in Galactic Center with Cosmic Gamma-ray Observations

    Grant number:15H02086  2015.4 - 2019.3

    Tajima Hiroyasu

      More details

    Authorship:Principal investigator  Grant type:Competitive

    Grant amount:\39910000 ( Direct Cost: \30700000 、 Indirect Cost:\9210000 )

    Galactic diffuse gamma rays are the main background for the dark matter searches near the Galactic center. We have improved uncertainties of the galactic diffuse background by verifying the modeling the interstellar medium using dust radiance, opacity and temperature data and identifying several undetected gamma-ray objects by our image restoration software. In parallel, we have improved the crosstalk problem of the novel photon sensor for the next generation gamma-ray instrument, CTA. We found further improvement may be possible by reducing delayed crosstalk. We also successfully developed integrated circuits to provers signals from dense photon sensor and verified the performance by test observations using prototype telescope.

  2. Epithermal Neutron Spin Optics in Spin Polarized Nuclear Target for the Study of the Breaking of Space-time Inversion

    Grant number:24H00222  2024.4 - 2027.3

    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

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    Authorship:Coinvestigator(s) 

  3. Exploration of Energy Frontier in Cosmic Gamma-ray Observations

    Grant number:21H04468  2021.4 - 2026.3

    Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

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    Authorship:Principal investigator  Grant type:Competitive

    Grant amount:\41340000 ( Direct Cost: \31800000 、 Indirect Cost:\9540000 )

  4. Dark Matter Search in the Galactic Center Region with Cosmic Gamma-ray Observations

    2015.4 - 2019.3

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(A)

      More details

    Grant type:Competitive

  5. 大面積・半導体チェレンコフ・カメラの開発研究とその実証

    2011.4 - 2015.3

    科学研究費補助金  基盤研究(A)

      More details

    Authorship:Principal investigator 

    本質的に量子効率の高い半導体光電子増倍素子を高密度に配列した開口率が高く大面積のモジュールを組み立てる技術を開発し、高密度読み出しを可能とする高速波形記録集積回路を組み合わせた大面積・半導体チェレンコフ・カメラを実用化する。

 

Social Contribution 31

  1. S-NETセミナー2021 in 愛知

    Role(s):Lecturer

    日本宇宙フォーラム  ~躍進する宇宙ビジネス産業の最前線~  2021.2

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    Audience: General

    Type:Seminar, workshop

  2. 東北大・宇宙航空研究連携拠点 第二回シンポジウム

    Role(s):Lecturer

    東北大学  〜大学ベースの宇宙航空研究教育:その現在と方向〜  2020.12

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    Audience: College students, Graduate students, Teachers, Researchesrs

    Type:Seminar, workshop

  3. 愛知県主催宇宙産業講演会

    Role(s):Lecturer

    愛知県 産業労働部 産業振興課  宇宙ビジネス促進セミナー  愛知県産業労働センター(ウインクあいち)  2019.2

     More details

    Audience: Researchesrs, General, Company, Governmental agency, Media

    Type:Seminar, workshop

    愛知県 産業労働部 産業振興課が主催した宇宙ビジネス促進セミナーにおいて、超小型衛星による宇宙の民間利用について、名古屋大学における取り組みを紹介した。

  4. 第27回公開セミナー「天文学の最前線」

    Role(s):Lecturer

    名古屋大学理学研究科、名古屋市科学館  第27回公開セミナー「天文学の最前線」  2018.8

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    Audience: High school students, College students, Graduate students, General

    Type:Lecture

    「宇宙ガンマ線観測で解き明かす暗黒物質の正体」に関する講演をした。

  5. 図書館サイエンス夜話~シリーズ宇宙~

    Role(s):Lecturer

    鶴舞図書館・名古屋大学  超小型衛星で切り開く宇宙フロンティア  鶴舞図書館  2017.10

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    Audience: General

  6. 日米宇宙フォーラム

    Role(s):Lecturer, Organizing member

    モーリーン・アンド・マイク・マンスフィールド財団  「日米宇宙フォーラム」~安倍-トランプ時代の日米宇宙協力~  名古屋大学  2017.3

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    Audience: General, Company

    Type:Lecture

  7. 半田高校サイエンスコミュニケーション

    Role(s):Lecturer

    半田高校  半田高校サイエンスコミュニケーション  2016.6

     More details

    Audience: High school students, General

    Type:Lecture

    「放射能除染に活かされる宇宙放射線観測技術」というタイトルで講演

  8. 系統別ガイダンス

    Role(s):Lecturer

    大学新聞社 名古屋支局  系統別ガイダンス  岐阜県立岐阜北高校  2016.6

     More details

    Audience: High school students

    Type:Visiting lecture

    名古屋大学理学部の紹介および宇宙観測・実験分野の研究について出前授業を実施した。

  9. 半田高校サイエンスコミュニケーション

    Role(s):Lecturer

    半田高校  半田高校サイエンスコミュニケーション  2016.6

     More details

    Audience: High school students, General

    Type:Lecture

    「放射能除染に活かされる宇宙放射線観測技術」というタイトルで講演

  10. 系統別ガイダンス

    Role(s):Lecturer

    大学新聞社 名古屋支局  系統別ガイダンス  岐阜県立岐阜北高校  2016.6

     More details

    Audience: High school students

    Type:Visiting lecture

    名古屋大学理学部の紹介および宇宙観測・実験分野の研究について出前授業を実施した。

  11. 社会人サポーター講演会

    2015.12

     More details

    名古屋西高校において宇宙観測・実験分野の研究と社会貢献について講演した。

  12. 大学系統別出張講座

    2015.10

     More details

    岐阜県立岐阜北高校にて、研究対象となる宇宙物理現象や、それを観測するための機器の名古屋大学における開発、その開発によって得られた技術を社会の発展に応用している事例を紹介した。

  13. 「関戸弥太郎と宇宙線望遠鏡」展・特別講演会

    2015.8

     More details

    「チェレンコフ望遠鏡で探る宇宙線のふるさと」という題目で講演した。

  14. 笠松町歴史未来館開館記念講演会

    2015.6

     More details

    「超小型衛星で広がる宇宙利用」という題目で講演した。

  15. 半田高校 SSHサイエンスコミュニケーション

    2014.12

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    「放射能除染に活かされる宇宙観測技術」というタイトルで講演

  16. 羽島郡立志塾

    2014.10

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    超小型衛星で夢を拓く

  17. 「宇宙科学の最前線:天体観測衛星がひらく未知の宇宙」

    2014.6

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    フェルミ衛星とAstro-H計画で迫る高エネルギー天体の謎

  18. 大空や宇宙へ羽ばたく夢の扉

    2013.10

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    中部発の人工衛星“金シャチ1号”

  19. 2013名古屋大学公開講座

    2013.10

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    放射能除染に活かされる宇宙放射線観測技術

  20. 先端イノベーション研修

    2013.9

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    先端技術で解き明かす高エネルギー宇宙

  21. 第22回公開セミナー「天文学の最前線」

    2013.8

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    ガンマ線で探る高エネルギーの宇宙

  22. 宇宙技術講演会・航空宇宙フェア特別講演会

    2013.6

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    名古屋市科学館で開催された宇宙技術講演会・航空宇宙フェア特別講演会において、「中部地区発人工衛星、ChubuSat-1の開発と将来の展望」と題する講演を行った。

  23. 時習館高校理科講演会

    2013.2

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    「中部発の人工衛星への挑戦」と題した講演を行った。

  24. 中部航空宇宙技術センター主催「超小型衛星が拓くニュービジネスセミナー」

    2013.1

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    中部航空宇宙技術センターが主催した「超小型衛星が拓くニュービジネスセミナー」で「中部発超小型衛星ChubuSat-1(金シャチ1号)の開発と将来のニュービジネスの可能性」と題する講演を行った。

  25. 2012年国際航空宇宙展

    2012.10

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    2012年国際航空宇宙展においてChubuSat-1のレプリカを展示した。

  26. 名大カフェ“Science, and Me”

    2012.10

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    名大カフェ“Science, and Me”第27回において「中部発人工衛星”金シャチ1
    号”の挑戦」と題する講演を行った。

  27. NPO法人「子供達と最先端科学技術の架け橋」主催「子どもの世界に先端技術を!」講演会

    2012.10

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    NPO法人「子供達と最先端科学技術の架け橋」主催の「子どもの世界に先端技術を!」講演会において「金シャチ1号にかける夢」に関して講演した。また、その後霧箱を用いた宇宙線の観測実験を実施した。

  28. 東海高校・中学校第20回サタデープログラム

    2012.2

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    東海高校・中学校第20回サタデープログラムにおいて「中部地方発50kg級小型人工衛星による科学観測への挑戦」に関する講演をした。

  29. 中部航空宇宙技術センター主催「超小型衛星利用に関するセミナー」

    2012.1

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    中部航空宇宙技術センター主催「超小型衛星利用に関するセミナー」において「航空宇宙産業の拠点である中部地区の衛星分野への取組み」に関する講演をした。

  30. NHK文化センター 23年度宇宙講座

    2011.9

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    NHK文化センター 23年度宇宙講座「先端宇宙2011」~最新研究で宇宙解明~ にて「高エネルギーの宇宙」に関する講演をした。

  31. クリスマスレクチャーズ2010

    2010.12

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    昭和女子大学オーロラホールで名大南半球宇宙観測研究センターが主催したクリスマスレクチャーズ2010において「ガンマ線でみた超新星爆発」に関する一般向け講演をした。

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