研究者詳細 - 玉腰　浩司

論文 - 玉腰　浩司

分割表示 199 件中 161 - 180 件目／全件表示 >>

Glucose intolerance and colorectal cancer risk in a nested case-control study among Japanese People. 査読有り

Ozasa K, Ito Y, Suzuki K, Watanabe Y, Kojima M, Suzuki S, Tokudome S, Tamakoshi K, Toyoshima H, Kawado M, Hashimoto S, Hayakawa N, Wakai K, Tamakoshi A; JACC Study Group.

J Epidemiol. S2 巻頁： S180-184 2005年6月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

BACKGROUND: Glucose intolerance may increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer. METHODS: In a sero-epidemiological nested case-control study, conducted as part of the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study) for Evaluation of Cancer Risk, we measured serum glycoalbumin in 123 patients with colorectal cancer and 279 controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the risk of colorectal cancer. RESULTS: There were trends towards an association between high levels of glycoalbumin and an increased risk of colorectal cancer in men (odds ratio [OR]=2.39; 95% confidence interval [CI]; 0.89- 6.36) and between high levels of glycoalbumin and a decreased risk of colorectal cancer in women (OR=0.41; 95% CI, 0.14-1.04). CONCLUSIONS: A high level of glycoalbumin may increase the risk of colorectal cancer in men. The finding that high levels of glycoalbumin in women decreased their risk of colorectal cancer was inconsistent with previous reports, and may have been the result of limitations in the procedure in selecting samples and statistical power.

Alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer risk: findings from the JACC Study. 査読有り

Wakai K, Kojima M, Tamakoshi K, Watanabe Y, Hayakawa N, Suzuki K, Hashimoto S, Kawado M, Tokudome S, Suzuki S, Ozasa K, Toyoshima H, Ito Y, Tamakoshi A; JACC Study Group.

J Epidemiol. S2 巻頁： S173-179 2005年6月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

BACKGROUND: Because alcohol drinking is a potential risk factor for colorectal cancer, the trend in alcohol consumption in Japan may partly explain the increase in incidence and mortality rates of this malignancy until 1990-1995. METHODS: We analyzed data from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. From 1988 to 1990, 23,708 men and 34,028 women, aged 40-79 years, completed a questionnaire on lifestyle factors including drinking habits. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were estimated by using proportional hazards models. RESULTS: During the mean follow-up of 7.6 years through December 1997, we documented 418 incidents of colon cancer and 211 of rectal cancer. Male ex- or current drinkers demonstrated a twofold risk for colon cancer compared with nondrinkers: the multivariate-adjusted IRR was 2.01 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-3.68) for ex-drinkers and 1.97 (95% CI: 1.28-3.03) for current drinkers. The doseresponse relationship between alcohol consumption and the risk, however, was not clear. Female exdrinkers were at an increased risk without statistical significance. For rectal cancer, we found a slightly lower risk in light current drinkers who consumed less than 22 g ethanol per day: the multivariate IRR was 0.61 (95% CI: 0.33-1.13) for men and 0.69 (95% CI: 0.27-1.74) for women. Although the IRR for all current drinkers was almost unity in men, an increasing trend in risk was detected with increasing alcohol consumption in current drinkers (trend p=0.027). CONCLUSIONS: Taking the findings from our study and other prospective investigations into consideration, more attention should be paid to alcohol consumption in the prevention of colon cancer in Japan.

Effects of social relationships on mortality among the elderly in a Japanese rural area: an 88-month follow-up study. 査読有り

Murata C, Kondo T, Hori Y, Miyao D, Tamakoshi K, Yatsuya H, Sakakibara H, Toyoshima H.

J Epidemiol. 15 巻 ( 3 ) 頁： 78-84 2005年5月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

BACKGROUND: The association between social relationships and lower mortality has been well documented in Western countries. This study aims to investigate that association among elderly Japanese in a rural area. METHODS: An analysis was conducted with 1,994 subjects (58.1% women), 78.3% of the total elderly aged 65 and older in a town, who were independent in activities of daily living. A baseline survey was carried out in 1992, and subjects were followed until 1999. Cox proportional hazard models examined the association between social relationships (availability of casual friend/ support provider, group membership, job, living arrangement) and an 88-month mortality. RESULTS: A significant association between social relationships and mortality was observed among the old-old (aged 75 and older). Among men, having a job and group membership were significantly associated with lower mortality with hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 0.62 (0.41-0.94) and 0.60 (0.40-0.90), respectively, after adjustment for age, diagnosed illnesses, self-rated health, other social relationships, annual income, and home ownership. Among women, having a job and living alone were significantly associated with lower mortality with hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 0.67 (0.45-0.99) and 0.35 (0.13-0.97), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Social relationships such as having a job and group membership were associated with lower mortality among the old-old. In addition, old-old women living alone were better off in terms of mortality after adjustment for possible confounders. This suggests the importance of considering family relationships in terms of quality in areas where multi-generation households prevail.

Cigarette smoking and the risk of ovarian cancer in the Japanese population: findings from the Japanese Collaborate Cohort study. 査読有り

Niwa Y, Wakai K, Suzuki S, Tamakoshi K, Lin Y, Yatsuya H, Kondo T, Nishio K, Yamamoto A, Tokudome S, Hamajima N, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi A; JACC Study Group.

J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 31 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： 144-151 2005年4月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

AIM: The many studies into the relation between cigarette smoking and the risk of ovarian cancer have produced inconsistent results. Here we investigated this relation using data from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk, initiated in 1988. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire on smoking habits and other risk factors for cancer was completed by 34 639 Japanese women. After 7.6 years of follow up, 39 cases of ovarian cancer were available for analyses. Cox proportional-hazards models were used to compute relative risks (RR) and to adjust for confounders. RESULTS: Relative to those who had never smoked, the RR of ovarian cancer were 1.63 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.21-12.50) for former smokers and 2.27 (95% CI = 0.85-6.08) for current smokers. Among current smokers, the RR were 1.48 (95% CI = 0.20-10.92), 5.56 (95% CI = 1.68-19.06), and 1.86 (95% CI = 0.25-14.30) among women who smoked <10, 10-19, and at least 20 pack-years ([number of cigarettes smoked per day/20] x number of years subject has smoked), respectively, relative to those who had never smoked. A test for trend was statistically significant (P = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that cigarette smoking increases the risk of developing ovarian cancer in the Japanese population.

Lack of an association between serum level of transforming growth factor beta -1 and stomach cancer risk in the JACC study. 査読有り

Yatsuya H, Tamakoshi A, Tamakoshi K, Hoshiyama Y, Fujino Y, Tokui N, Mizoue T, Kikuchi S, Sakata K, Hayakawa N, Kondo T, Toyoshima H, Yoshimura T.

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 6 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： 170-176 2005年4月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Alterations in the serum concentration of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFbeta1) have been observed in gastric cancer patients. No study, however, has ever examined the association between the serum TGFbeta1 level and stomach cancer prospectively. We conducted a prospective, nested case-control analysis among apparently healthy men and women who were followed for up to 8 years in the JACC Study to assess whether serum level of total TGFbeta1 is associated with a subsequent risk of stomach cancer. The concentration of serum TGFbeta1 in previously collected blood samples was analyzed by ELISA for 209 individuals in whom a diagnosis of stomach cancer was documented, and for 409 controls matched with them for gender, age and study area. Baseline blood levels of TGFbeta1 were not related to the risk of stomach cancer in either men or women, a finding unchanged even after adjustment for potential confounders. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio of stomach cancer in men and women was 1.10 (95% CI, 0.82 to 1.48) and 1.09 (95% CI, 0.80 to 1.48), respectively, for each increase of 1 SD in the TGFbeta1 value. In conclusion, serum TGFbeta1 levels were not associated with increased risks of subsequent stomach cancer.gene A52C polymorphism related to the metabolism of long-chain fatty acids and oxidized LDL in the etiology of colorectal cancer.

Serum levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of colorectal cancer: a prospective study. 査読有り

Kojima M, Wakai K, Tokudome S, Suzuki K, Tamakoshi K, Watanabe Y, Kawado M, Hashimoto S, Hayakawa N, Ozasa K, Toyoshima H, Suzuki S, Ito Y, Tamakoshi A; JACC Study Group.

Am J Epidemiol. 161 巻 ( 5 ) 頁： 462-471 2005年3月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

To examine the relation between serum fatty acids and risk of colorectal cancer, the authors conducted a nested case-control study of 169 colorectal cancer cases and 481 controls matched by age and enrollment area as part of the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. Serum samples were donated by subjects at baseline (between 1988 and 1990) and were stored at -80 degrees C until 2002. Serum fatty acid levels were measured by using gas chromatography and were expressed as the weight percentage of total lipids. Conditional logistic regression analyses adjusted for lifestyle factors revealed that total omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (odds ratio = 0.24, 95% confidence interval: 0.08, 0.76), alpha-linolenic acid (odds ratio = 0.39, 95% confidence interval: 0.16, 0.91), docosapentaenoic acid (odds ratio = 0.30, 95% confidence interval: 0.11, 0.80), and docosahexaenoic acid (odds ratio = 0.23, 95% confidence interval: 0.07, 0.76) all showed a significantly decreased risk for the highest versus the lowest quartile levels for colorectal cancer in men. For women, a weak negative association was observed between docosapentaenoic acid and colorectal cancer risk, although it was not statistically significant. No adverse effects of high serum levels of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on colorectal cancer risk were detected.

Familial aggregation and coaggregation of history of hypertension and stroke. 査読有り

Kondo T, Toyoshima H, Tsuzuki Y, Hori Y, Yatsuya H, Tamakoshi K, Tamakoshi A, Ohno Y; JACC Study Group.

J Hum Hypertens. 19 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： 119-125 2005年2月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

We attempted to evaluate familial aggregation and coaggregation of history of hypertension and stroke. Past and family history of hypertension and stroke for 83 089 probands and their relatives were obtained from a data set for the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk sponsored by the Ministry of Education (JACC Study), which was initiated from 1988 to 1990. First, evaluation was performed for familial aggregation of each of two disorders using ordinal logistic regression of the generalized estimation equations (GEE) to account for dependence of observations within families. Secondly, in order to evaluate the familial congregation of the history of hypertension and stroke, a GEE-based multivariate probed predictive model was applied. After adjusting for the proband's age, level of obesity, smoking status, drinking status, habitation area, and the gender and type of the relatives, the estimated odds ratios for the intraindividual clustering and familial aggregation of the disease history showed statistically significant relationships. In addition, the history of the two disorders showed a significant relationship in terms of familial coaggregation independently of the aggregation of each disorder itself. Our results confirmed that hypertension and stroke coaggregate strongly within families through possible effects of genetic factors, which, alone or in conjunction with environmental factors, influence susceptibility to both hypertension and stroke.

Long-term body weight fluctuation is associated with metabolic syndrome independent of current body mass index among Japanese men. 査読有り

Zhang H, Tamakoshi K, Yatsuya H, Murata C, Wada K, Otsuka R, Nagasawa N, Ishikawa M, Sugiura K, Matsushita K, Hori Y, Kondo T, Toyoshima H.

Circ J. 69 巻 ( 1 ) 頁： 13-18 2005年1月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

BACKGROUND: The relation between weight fluctuation and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is fairly consistent, although the physiologic basis for the relationship is uncertain. In the present study the association between long-term weight fluctuation and the development of metabolic syndrome (MS), a potent CVD risk factor, was investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS: A cross-sectional study of 664 Japanese men aged 40-49 years was conducted. The root mean square error around the slope of weight on age (weight - RMSE) was calculated by a simple linear regression model, in which the subject's actual weights at ages 20, 25, 30 years and 5 years prior to the study, as well as current weight, were dependent variables against the subject's age as the independent variable. Weight-RMSE was significantly and positively associated with the prevalence of each MS components (high blood pressure, hypertriglyceridemia, low-high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high fasting glucose, and obesity). Such associations, as well as clustering of the MS component together with RMSE increase, were apparent among subjects with body mass index (BMI) <25 kg/m2, although the prevalence of MS or its components was much higher among overweight subjects (BMI >or=25 kg/m2). CONCLUSIONS: Development of MS possibly explains the risk of CVD not only in overweight or obese persons, but also in normal-weight persons with large weight fluctuation.

Perceived psychologic stress and colorectal cancer mortality: findings from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. 査読有り

Kojima M, Wakai K, Tokudome S, Tamakoshi K, Toyoshima H, Watanabe Y, Hayakawa N, Suzuki K, Hashimoto S, Kawado M, Suzuki S, Ito Y, Tamakoshi A; JACC Study Group.

Psychosom Med. 67 巻 ( 1 ) 頁： 72-77 2005年1月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between perceived psychologic stress and colorectal cancer mortality in a prospective large-scale study. METHODS: Between the years 1988 and 1990, 32,153 men and 45,854 women aged 40 to 79 years were enrolled. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire that addressed demographic, lifestyle, and psychosocial characteristics. Subjects were subsequently followed for mortality until the end of 1999. Perceived psychologic stress was assessed using the question "Do you feel stress during your daily life?" The 4 possible responses, ranging from "little or none" (1) to "extreme" (4), were dichotomized as low (1 or 2) or high (3 or 4) stress. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for colon and rectal cancer according to the perceived level of stress were estimated using Cox's proportional hazard model. RESULTS: During the follow-up period (average, 9.6 years), 193 colon cancer deaths (96 men and 97 women) and 127 rectal cancer deaths (88 men and 39 women) were confirmed within the study group. Women who reported high stress had a 1.64-fold higher risk of colon cancer mortality (multivariate-adjusted RR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.01-2.66) compared with those reporting low stress. There was no significant association between perceived stress and female rectal cancer or male colon and rectal cancer mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Perceived psychologic stress was weakly associated with increased mortality from colon cancer in women. No positive or inverse association was found in men. Further studies are needed to confirm our results.

Impact of menstrual and reproductive factors on breast cancer risk in Japan: results of the JACC study. 査読有り

Tamakoshi K, Yatsuya H, Wakai K, Suzuki S, Nishio K, Lin Y, Niwa Y, Kondo T, Yamamoto A, Tokudome S, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi A; JACC Study Group.

Cancer Sci. 96 巻 ( 1 ) 頁： 57-62 2005年1月

担当区分：筆頭著者記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The incidence of breast cancer among Japanese women, a traditionally low-risk population, has increased substantially. To evaluate the association of reproductive factors with breast cancer risk, we examined 38,159 Japanese women, aged 40-79 years, who responded to a questionnaire on reproductive and other lifestyle factors from 1988 to 1990 in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. During an average 7.6 years of follow-up, we documented 151 incidents of breast cancers. Cox proportional hazards modeling was employed to estimate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). There was a significant decline in the risk of breast cancer with increasing parity among parous women (trend P=0.01). Women with four or more parities had a 69% lower risk than uniparous women, a reduced risk was also evident among menopausal women. Breast cancer risk tended to rise with increasing age at first delivery (trend P=0.05), the association being very apparent among menopausal women (trend P=0.02). Compared to the women who had their first delivery before age 25, those who delayed this event until after age 34 had an RR of 2.12 (95% CI: 0.72-6.21) and 3.33 (1.07-10.3) among the overall subjects and the menopausal, respectively. There was no apparent association of breast cancer risk with age at menarche or menopause. Our study concerning reproductive risk factors suggests that breast cancer in Japan is similar to that in Western countries, and that reproductive factors, particularly the number of parity and age at first delivery, might be important in the etiology of breast cancer among Japanese women.

Serum carotenoids, retinol, and tocopherols, and colorectal cancer risk in a Japanese cohort: effect modification by sex for carotenoids. 査読有り

Wakai K, Suzuki K, Ito Y, Kojima M, Tamakoshi K, Watanabe Y, Toyoshima H, Hayakawa N, Hashimoto S, Tokudome S, Suzuki S, Kawado M, Ozasa K, Tamakoshi A; Japan Collaborative Cohort Study Group.

Nutr Cancer. 51 巻 ( 1 ) 頁： 13-24 2005年

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

To examine associations of serum carotenoids, retinol, and tocopherols with colorectal cancer risk, we conducted a case-control study nested within the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. These micronutrients were measured in prediagnostic serum samples from 116 men and women who developed colorectal cancer during an 8-yr follow-up period and from 298 matched controls. In men, the higher level of serum total carotenoids was associated with a decreased risk: The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) for the highest vs. the lowest tertile was 0.34 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.11-1.00; trend P over tertiles = 0.040). In women, the higher levels of alpha- and and total carotenoids were instead related to an increased risk: The corresponding ORs were 4.72 (95% CI = 1.29-17.3), 2.00 (0.70-5.73), and 2.47 (0.73-8.34), respectively (trend P = 0.007, 0.040, and 0.064, respectively). We also found a somewhat decreasing risk with increased serum retinol in all subjects and alpha-tocopherol in men: The ORs (95% CI) for the highest tertiles were 0.29 (0.11-0.78; trend P over tertiles = 0.010) and 0.29 (0.07-1.17; trend P = 0.098), respectively. The effects of some carotenoids on colorectal cancer risk may be modified by sex or by factors associated with sex, including smoking and drinking habits.

出生時体重と成人期の生活習慣病との関連査読有り

玉腰浩司、八谷寛、大塚礼、和田恵子、張恵明、豊嶋英明

現代医学 52 巻頁： 321-325 2005年

職域コホート男性における血清レプチン濃度と生活習慣との関連

大塚礼, 豊嶋英明, 八谷寛, 張恵明, 和田恵子, 村田千代栄, 堀容子, 近藤高明, 玉腰浩司

日本循環器病予防学会誌 40 巻頁： 123-130 2005年

Serum oxidized low-density lipoprotein levels and risk of colorectal cancer: a case-control study nested in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. 査読有り

Suzuki K, Ito Y, Wakai K, Kawado M, Hashimoto S, Toyoshima H, Kojima M, Tokudome S, Hayakawa N, Watanabe Y, Tamakoshi K, Suzuki S, Ozasa K, Tamakoshi A; Japan Collaborative Cohort Study Group.

Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 13 巻 ( 11 ) 頁： 1781-1787 2004年11月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Oxidative stress plays an important role in carcinogenesis, but few epidemiologic studies have examined associations with risk of colorectal cancer. Relationships between serum levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and oxLDL antibody (oLAB) and colorectal cancer risk were investigated in a case-control study nested in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk. Serum samples and lifestyle information were collected at baseline from 39,242 men and women between 1988 and 1990. Of these, 161 incidents and deaths from colorectal cancer were identified through 1999, and 395 controls were matched for gender, age, and study area. Measurements were taken of serum oxLDL levels in 119 cases and 316 controls and serum oLAB levels in 153 cases and 376 controls. Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) across quartiles, adjusted for confounding factors, were 1.55 (0.70-3.46), 1.90 (0.84-4.28), and 3.65 (1.50-8.92) for oxLDL (P(trend) = 0.004) and 0.98 (0.54-1.80), 0.75 (0.39-1.48), and 1.68 (0.90-3.13) for oLAB (P(trend) = 0.140). Further adjustment for serum total cholesterol and alpha-tocopherol did not materially change these associations. Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of the highest quartile of serum oxLDL compared with the lowest quartile was 3.40 (1.09-10.58; P(trend) = 0.045). Analyses restricted to colon cancer cases and corresponding controls yielded similar relationships between serum oxLDL and oLAB levels and risk. In conclusion, higher levels of serum oxLDL may increase risk of colorectal cancer.

Association of white blood cell count and clustered components of metabolic syndrome in Japanese men. 査読有り

Nagasawa N, Tamakoshi K, Yatsuya H, Hori Y, Ishikawa M, Murata C, Zhang H, Wada K, Otsuka R, Mabuchi T, Kondo T, Toyoshima H.

Circ J. 68 巻 ( 10 ) 頁： 892-897 2004年10月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

BACKGROUND: The role of inflammation in the genesis of cardiovascular disease has attracted attention and in the present study the association among metabolic syndrome (MS), white blood cell (WBC) count, and insulin concentration was investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS: A cross-sectional study of 3,594 Japanese men aged 34-69 years evaluated the MS components (high blood pressure, hypo-high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperglycemia), as defined by the criteria given in the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults, except for obesity [body mass index (BMI) >/=25 kg/m(2)]. WBC count had a positive correlation with BMI, blood pressure, triglyceride, glucose and insulin, and a negative correlation with HDL-cholesterol. The multi-adjusted means of WBC count and insulin concentration were significantly higher in MS subjects defined as having 3 or more of the components than in non-MS subjects with no more than 2 components. Both means also increased with the number of MS components (p<0.001 for trend). In the multiple linear regression analysis, BMI, HDL-cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, glucose and triglyceride had a significant and independent association with WBC count, but the insulin concentration did not. CONCLUSIONS: The cluster of MS components based on insulin resistance may cause low-grade inflammation.

Individual and joint impact of family history and Helicobacter pylori infection on the risk of stomach cancer: a nested case-control study. 査読有り

Yatsuya H, Toyoshima H, Tamakoshi A, Kikuchi S, Tamakoshi K, Kondo T, Mizoue T, Tokui N, Hoshiyama Y, Sakata K, Hayakawa N, Yoshimura T; Japan Collaborative Cohort Study Group.

Br J Cancer. 91 巻 ( 5 ) 頁： 929-934 2004年8月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

We used 202 cases of stomach cancer and 394 controls nested within the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study For Evaluation of Cancer Risk (JACC study) to investigate whether family history has an independent effect on the risk of stomach cancer after controlling for the Helicobacter pylori infection. A positive history of stomach cancer in one or more first-degree relatives was associated with an increased risk of the disease in women, but not in men after controlling for H. pylori infection and other confounding variables. Women with both a family history and H. pylori infection were associated with more than five-fold increased risk of the disease (OR 5.10, 95% CI 1.58-16.5) compared to those without these factors. These results suggest the existence of inherited susceptibility to the disease in women, and that measurements of H. pylori infection together with the family history allow meaningful evaluation of risk beyond that provided by either factor alone.

A prospective study of reproductive and menstrual factors and colon cancer risk in Japanese women: findings from the JACC study. 査読有り

Tamakoshi K, Wakai K, Kojima M, Watanabe Y, Hayakawa N, Toyoshima H, Yatsuya H, Kondo T, Tokudome S, Hashimoto S, Suzuki K, Suzuki S, Kawado M, Ozasa K, Ito Y, Tamakoshi A; JACC Study Group.

Cancer Sci. 95 巻 ( 7 ) 頁： 602-607 2004年7月

担当区分：筆頭著者記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The effects of reproductive factors on the etiology of colon cancer in Asian populations remain unexplored. So we examined 38,420 Japanese women aged 40-79 years who responded to a questionnaire on reproductive and other lifestyle factors from 1988 to 1990 in the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk. During an average 7.6 years of follow-up, we documented 207 incident colon cancers. Multivariate analysis indicated that colon cancer risk was likely to be lower among parous women than among nulliparous. Women who had two abortions or more had a 72% higher risk of developing colon cancer [relative risk (RR) 1.72; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16-2.55; trend P < 0.01] compared with women who never had an abortion. The RR of colon cancer among postmenopausal women significantly decreased with increasing age at menarche (trend P = 0.01). No apparent association between colon cancer and gravida, age at first birth, age at menopause, or duration of menstruation was seen. These prospective data support the hypothesis that female reproductive events modify colon cancer risk, and suggest that reproductive factors, particularly age at menarche and having an abortion, may be of importance in the etiology of colon cancer among Japanese women.

Suppression of invasion and peritoneal carcinomatosis of ovarian cancer cells by overexpression of AP-2alpha. 査読有り

Sumigama S, Ito T, Kajiyama H, Shibata K, Tamakoshi K, Kikkawa F, Williams T, Tainsky MA, Nomura S, Mizutani S.

Oncogene. 15 巻 ( 32 ) 頁： 5496-5504 2004年7月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

A previous report demonstrated that AP-2alpha favors the survival of ovarian cancer patients by clinical findings. However, the functional roles of AP-2alpha in human ovarian cancers have not been determined. To clarify the roles, we overexpressed AP-2alpha in SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cells, which originally possess little AP-2alpha. AP-2alpha overexpression changed cell morphology from spindle to epithelioid type and suppressed cell proliferation and invasion, which would be partially correlated with decreased phosphorylation levels of the erbB2, Akt and ERK pathways, increased E-cadherin and reduced pro-matrix metalloproteinase-2 levels. Moreover, nude mice intraperitoneally injected with AP-2alpha-overexpressing cells survived longer than those with neo-transfected cells. The present data represent the first direct evidence that AP-2alpha plays a tumor suppressive role in ovarian cancer.

A prospective study of body size and colon cancer mortality in Japan: The JACC Study. 査読有り

Tamakoshi K, Wakai K, Kojima M, Watanabe Y, Hayakawa N, Toyoshima H, Yatsuya H, Kondo T, Tokudome S, Hashimoto S, Suzuki K, Ito Y, Tamakoshi A; JACC Study Group.

Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 28 巻 ( 4 ) 頁： 551-558 2004年4月

担当区分：筆頭著者記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether body size measurements are risk factors for colon cancer death among the Japanese. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: A nationwide prospective study, the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study from 1988 to 1999. The present analysis included 43 171 men and 58 775 women aged 40-79 y who respond to a questionnaire on current weight and height, weight around 20 y of age, and other lifestyle factors. Body mass index (BMI) at baseline and 20 y of age (B-BMI and 20-BMI, respectively) were calculated. RESULTS: We identified 127 deaths from colon cancer during the follow-up of 424 698 person-years among men and 122 deaths during the follow-up of 591 787 person-years among women. After adjustments for the lifestyle factors known to modify the risk of colon cancer, weight at baseline showed a significant positive association in women, while no such association was seen in men. There was also a significant trend of increasing risk with the increase in B-BMI among women. Women with B-BMI >/=28 kg/m(2) had a relative risk (RR) of 3.41 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.44-8.06) compared with those with BMI of 20-<22 kg/m(2). 20-BMI also presented the same trend of increasing risk as B-BMI. Women with 20-BMI of <22 and B-BMI of >26 kg/m(2), that is, excessive BMI gain, had a high RR of 3.41 (95% CI 1.29-9.02) compared with those with 20-BMI of <22 and B-BMI of <22 kg/m(2). There were no corresponding trends of colon cancer risk for B-BMI, 20-BMI, or BMI change among men. CONCLUSIONS: These study data suggest that obesity and excessive weight gain are associated with the risk of colon cancer death in Japanese women but no such relationship was found in Japanese men.

Bowel movement frequency and risk of colorectal cancer in a large cohort study of Japanese men and women. 査読有り

Kojima M, Wakai K, Tokudome S, Tamakoshi K, Toyoshima H, Watanabe Y, Hayakawa N, Suzuki K, Hashimoto S, Ito Y, Tamakoshi A; JACC Study Group.

Br J Cancer 90 巻 ( 7 ) 頁： 1397-1401 2004年4月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The relationship between bowel movement (BM) frequency and the risk of colorectal cancer was examined in a large cohort of 25 731 men and 37 198 women living in 24 communities in Japan. At enrolment, each participant completed a self-administrated questionnaire on BM frequency and laxative use. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Cox's proportional-hazard model. During the follow-up period (average length 7.6 years), 649 cases of colorectal cancer, including 429 cases of colon cancer, were identified. Among women, subjects who reported a BM every 2-3 days had the lowest risk of developing colorectal (IRR=0.71, 95% CI=0.52-0.97) and colon cancer (IRR=0.70, 95% CI=0.49-1.00), whereas those reporting a BM every 6 days or less had an increased risk of developing colorectal (IRR=2.47, 95% CI=1.01-6.01) and colon cancer (IRR=2.52, 95% CI=0.93-6.82) compared with those reporting >or=1 BM per day. A similar, but nonsignificant, association between the frequency of BM and cancer risk was observed in men. There was no association between colorectal or colon cancer risk and laxative use. Regulating BM frequency might therefore have a role in the prevention of colorectal cancer.

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