Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Informa UK Limited  

DOI： 10.1080/10400435.2025.2508264

Authorship：Lead author   Publisher：Center for Open Science  

<p>Humans flexibly allocate attention depending on the given context. The dominant view posits that attention is guided by spatial and temporal sensory contextual cues that directly specify the target location. In real-world scenarios, however, such contextual cues are not always accessible, posing a problem for identifying the current context. Here, using a visual search paradigm combined with eye movement measurement, we show that humans also rely on the history of the previous context to infer the most probable context for guiding attention proactively. Participants searched for a visual target among the distractors. On one side of the display, targets were consistently associated with a particular fixed distractor configuration (Repeated condition), while on the other side, targets appeared with non-repeated, novel configurations (Novel condition). The Repeated condition represented a highly probable context, while the Novel condition represented rare contexts. Regardless of the current condition, participants’ initial saccade was biased toward the target direction of the Repeated condition, showing attentional guidance toward the location indicated by the most encountered context. Importantly, this attentional bias already existed before the onset of the search display, indicating the proactive use of contextual history to guide attention. We confirm that the probability of the target location or the movement parameters to report the target could not explain this context-history bias. Our study shows that, together with the sensory cue-based context detection mechanism, the context-history is also proactively used to robustly guide attention in the yet-unknown forthcoming context.</p>

DOI： 10.31234/osf.io/k4sha_v1

Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Informa UK Limited  

DOI： 10.1080/17483107.2023.2244977

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：SAGE Publications  

<sec><title>Objective/background:</title> Agitation is a common behaviour of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Although healing robots have previously been used for alleviating agitation for people with dementia in hospitals and other healthcare facilities, its effects remain unclear whether an information-support robot capable of disseminating information with user needs may have similar effects when it is applied in community dwellings. This study was to investigate the effects of information-support robots for reducing agitation in older people with AD residing alone in community-dwellings.

</sec><sec><title>Methods</title> One participant with AD who lived alone in a community-dwelling was recruited. Participant’s frequencies, durations, and time courses of four patterns of agitation at home at baseline and during intervention were analysed. In this study, agitation was defined as: (a) restlessness going to the corridor (RLtoC), (b) restlessness going to the toilet (RLtoT), (c) restlessness going to the entrance (RLtoE), and (d) restlessness going to multiple places (RLtoMP). In the intervention phase, the information-support robot disseminated daily schedule or date information to the participant.

</sec><sec><title>Results</title> RLtoC and RLtoMP were significantly reduced in frequency during the intervention. The durations of each episode of RLtoT and RLtoMP in the intervention were slightly reduced than those at the baseline. There were no differences in time courses of episodes of RLtoC and RLtoMP after the intervention.

</sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title> This case study showed that information-support robot was useful to alleviate agitation of an older adult with AD living alone in a community-dwelling. Further study is warranted.

</sec>

DOI： 10.1177/15691861211005059

PubMed

Other Link： http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1177/15691861211005059

J-GLOBAL

J-GLOBAL

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本作業療法士協会  

J-GLOBAL

Language：Japanese   Publisher：(一社)日本作業療法士協会