Publisher：Proceedings of Science  

The atmospheric temperature and pressure effects on the measurements of the Solar Neutron Telescope (SNT) at Sierra Negra, Mexico, were studied. The SNT and a recently installed weather station are part of the Sierra Negra Cosmic Ray Observatory (SN-CRO), located at 4580 m a.s.l. We analyzed the data recorded by the SNT and the weather station during September and October, 2022 and applied a novel principal component analysis (PCA) method, developed in 2019 by Savic et al, to the SNT data. The PCA of the modeled temperature profile above SN-CRO allowed for a better correction than the traditional linear regression, that was also performed with the new weather station data.

DOI： 10.22323/1.501.1344

Open Access

Scopus

Publisher：Advances in Space Research  

The effects of atmospheric temperature and pressure on secondary cosmic rays (CRs) detected at high altitude were analyzed with data obtained by the Solar Neutron Telescope (SNT) and a recently installed weather station in the Sierra Negra Cosmic Ray Observatory (SN-CRO) located at 4580 m a.s.l. in Mexico. Measurements of barometric pressure and temperature were used to calculate the coefficients of atmospheric correction for the SNT data. A novel correction method based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was also performed, yielding better results. The PCA correction reduced 68.96% of the total variance in the C2 channel time series, and 76.52% of the variance in the N2 channel time series.

DOI： 10.1016/j.asr.2025.02.026

Scopus

Publisher：Proceedings of Science  

The effects of Space Weather events on cosmic rays detected by the Solar Neutron Telescope (SNT) at Sierra Negra, Mexico, were studied. The SNT is part of the Sierra Negra Cosmic Ray Observatory (SN-CRO), located at 4580 m a.s.l. We analyzed the data recorded by six SNT channels (C2, C3, C4, N2, N3, and N4) during geomagnetic storms from December 2015 to December 2022. Using the Dst and Kp indices, 30 moderate (Dst < -50 nT, Kp ≥ 5) and intense (Dst < -100 nT, Kp ≥ 7) geomagnetic storms were selected. The C2, C3, C4, N2, N3 and N4 channels detect charged and neutral particles, respectively, with energy deposition thresholds of E > 60, 90 and 120 MeV. The counting rates of these channels present diurnal variation, which was removed with the seasonal trend decomposition using Loess method. After data treatment, either significant decreases or enhancements were observed in the trend of at least one SNT channel for 21 of the analyzed events. Two confirmed Forbush decreases were also identified.

Scopus

Publisher：Proceedings of Science  

The Scibar Cosmic-Ray Telescope (SciCRT) is a brand new detector of the Sierra Negra Cosmic Rays Observatory (SN-CRO). It is designed to observe solar neutrons and the muon background produced by galactic cosmic rays. In this work we present a Geant4-based simulation of the muon detection efficiency of the SciCRT; for this purpose we injected 10⁵ muons, in an energy range from 100 to 1000 MeV, impinging the SciCRT array. Our results provide new information about the SciCRT performance and may be used to study variations in low energy galactic cosmic rays.

Scopus

Publisher：European Physical Journal C  

The Scibar Cosmic-Ray Telescope (SciCRT) is the most promising detector of the Sierra Negra Cosmic Rays Observatory (SN-CRO). At this location, being a target and a tracker of secondary cosmic rays, the SciCRT offers a high probability of observing solar energetic particles and lower energy galactic cosmic rays (LEGCR); also, it allows the identification of incoming particles by measuring their energy deposition. In this work we present a Geant4-based simulation of the energy deposited by neutrons, γ-rays, protons, electrons and muons in the optimally running SciCRT components. We also calculated the detection efficiency of the SciCRT at its current state. Our simulation results provide new information about the SciCRT detection response that may be used as a basis to estimate and analyze the energy spectra of primary particles.

DOI： 10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13325-0

Open Access

Scopus