Updated on 2025/11/01

写真a

 
NAGANO Atsushi J
 
Organization
Bioscience and Biotechnology Center Professor
Graduate School
Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences
Title
Professor

Research Areas 1

  1. Life Science / Plants: molecular biology and physiology

To the head of Research Areas.▲

Research History 3

  1. Nagoya University   Bioscience and Biotechnology Center   Professor

    2025.4

  2. Keio University   Institute for Advanced Biosciences   Project Professor

    2022.4

  3. Ryukoku University   Faculty of Agriculture Department of Plant Life Sciences   Professor

    2022.4 - 2025.3

To the head of Research History.▲

Awards 1

  1. Bioindustry Research Award

    2024.10   Japan Bioindustry Association  

    Atsushi J. Nagano

To the head of Awards.▲
 

Papers 27

  1. Coincidence of the threshold temperature of seasonal switching for diel transcriptomic oscillations and growth. Reviewed International coauthorship Open Access

    Tomoaki Muranaka, Genki Yumoto, Mie N Honjo, Atsushi J Nagano, Ji Zhou, Hiroshi Kudoh

    Plant & cell physiology   Vol. 66 ( 10 ) page： 1412 - 1425   2025.10

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1093/pcp/pcaf092

    Web of Science

    PubMed

  2. Exploring genetic diversity and population structure of Myanmar indigenous chickens using double digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing. Reviewed International journal Open Access

    Su Lai Yee Mon, Moe Lwin, Aye Aye Maw, Lat Lat Htun, Saw Bawm, Yukio Nagano, Atsushi J Nagano, Kotaro Kawabe, Yasuhiko Wada, Shin Okamoto, Takeshi Shimogiri

    Animal genetics   Vol. 56 ( 4 ) page： e70038   2025.8

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1111/age.70038

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    PubMed

  3. Field-crop transcriptome models are enhanced by measurements in systematically controlled environments Reviewed International journal Open Access

    Yoichi Hashida, Daisuke Kyogoku, Suguru E Tanaka, Naoya Mori, Takanari Tanabata, Hiroyuki Watanabe, Atsushi J Nagano

    Genome biology   Vol. 26 ( 1 ) page： 225 - 225   2025.7

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    Authorship：Last author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1101/2024.09.21.614268

    Open Access

    Web of Science

    PubMed

  4. Genetic isolation of an amphidromous goby species, Luciogobius ryukyuensis, highlights limited gene flow in small island populations. Reviewed International journal Open Access

    Ken Maeda, Hirozumi Kobayashi, Taiga Uchida, Chuya Shinzato, Ryo Koyanagi, Atsushi J Nagano, Noriyuki Satoh, Vincent Laudet

    Scientific reports   Vol. 15 ( 1 ) page： 24193 - 24193   2025.7

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1038/s41598-025-09050-7

    Open Access

    Web of Science

    PubMed

  5. Convergent acquisition of disulfide-forming enzymes in malodorous flowers. Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Yudai Okuyama, Kenji Fukushima, Satoshi Kakishima, Anna K Valchanova, Kohei Takenaka Takano, Yasuko Ito-Inaba, Takeru Nakazato, Atsushi J Nagano

    Science (New York, N.Y.)   Vol. 388 ( 6747 ) page： 656 - 661   2025.5

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    Authorship：Last author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1126/science.adu8988

    Open Access

    Web of Science

    PubMed

  6. Non-human primate seasonal transcriptome atlas reveals seasonal changes in physiology and diseases Reviewed International journal Open Access

    Junfeng Chen, Kousuke Okimura, Liang Ren, Yusuke Nakane, Tomoya Nakayama, Yang Chen, Kai Fukawa, Soutarou Sugiyama, Takayoshi Natsume, Naoko Suda-Hashimoto, Mayumi Morimoto, Takako Miyabe-Nishiwaki, Takao Oishi, Yuma Katada, Manhui Zhang, Kohei Kobayashi, Shoko Matsumoto, Taiki Yamaguchi, Ying-Jey Guh, Issey Takahashi, Taeko Nishiwaki-Ohkawa, Daiki X. Sato, Yoshiharu Murata, Kenta Sumiyama, Atsushi J. Nagano, Hiroo Imai, Takashi Yoshimura

    Nature Communications   Vol. 16 ( 1 ) page： 3906 - 3906   2025.4

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1038/s41467-025-57994-1

    Open Access

    Web of Science

    PubMed

    Other Link： https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-57994-1

  7. Allopatric Divergence and Secondary Contact Within a Single River System in a Freshwater Fish Group Reviewed Open Access

    Ilham V. Utama, Ixchel F. Mandagi, Sjamsu A. Lawelle, Kawilarang W. A. Masengi, Atsushi J. Nagano, Junko Kusumi, Kazunori Yamahira

    Freshwater Biology   Vol. 70 ( 2 )   2025.2

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1111/fwb.70004

    Open Access

    Web of Science

  8. Genome-Assisted Gene-Flow Rescued Genetic Diversity Without Hindering Growth Performance in an Inbred Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) Population Selected for High Growth Phenotype Reviewed International journal Open Access

    Junya Kobayashi, Ryo Honda, Sho Hosoya, Yuki Nochiri, Keisuke Matsuzaki, Koichi Sugimoto, Atsushi J. Nagano, Akira Kumagai, Kiyoshi Kikuchi, Tadahide Kurokawa

    Marine Biotechnology   Vol. 27 ( 1 ) page： 38 - 38   2025.2

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1007/s10126-025-10416-1

    Open Access

    Web of Science

    PubMed

    Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10126-025-10416-1/fulltext.html

  9. Differential Stress Responses to Rice Blast Fungal Infection Associated with the Vegetative Growth Phase in Rice. Reviewed International journal Open Access

    Takuma Koyama, Takumi Tezuka, Atsushi J Nagano, Jiro Murakami, Takanori Yoshikawa

    Plants (Basel, Switzerland)   Vol. 14 ( 2 )   2025.1

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.3390/plants14020241

    Open Access

    Web of Science

    PubMed

  10. QTL‐Based Evidence of Population Genetic Divergence in Male Territorial Aggressiveness of the Japanese Freshwater Threespine Stickleback Reviewed International journal Open Access

    Haruka Yamazaki, Seiichi Mori, Osamu Kishida, Atsushi J. Nagano, Tomoyuki Kokita

    Ecology and Evolution   Vol. 15 ( 1 ) page： e70795   2025.1

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1002/ece3.70795

    Open Access

    Web of Science

    PubMed

  11. Phenotypic and Genomic Signatures of Latitudinal Local Adaptation Along With Prevailing Ocean Current in a Coastal Goby. Reviewed International journal Open Access

    Shotaro Hirase, Atsushi J Nagano, Kenji Nohara, Kiyoshi Kikuchi, Tomoyuki Kokita

    Molecular ecology   Vol. 34 ( 2 ) page： e17599   2025.1

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1111/mec.17599

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    PubMed

  12. DeLTa-Seq: High-Throughput Targeted RNA-Seq of Rice Leaves Without RNA Purification. Invited Reviewed International journal

    Makoto Kashima, Yasuyuki Nomura, Atsushi J Nagano

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)   Vol. 2869   page： 113 - 121   2025

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DeLTa-seq is a high-throughput RNA-seq library preparation method that enables quantification of the expression of hundreds of arbitrarily selected genes without RNA purification. This method involves direct reverse transcription using rice leaf lysate and targeted RNA-seq library preparation. DeLTa-seq enables the precise quantification of gene expression with a small number of sequencing reads. This chapter provides detailed information on the design of gene-specific primers, sampling of rice leaves, preparation of lysates, direct-lysate reverse transcription, targeted RNA-seq library preparation, and bioinformatic analysis of DeLTa-seq data.

    DOI： 10.1007/978-1-0716-4204-7_12

    PubMed

  13. Lasy-Seq: A High-Throughput 3' RNA-Seq Method for Large-Scale Transcriptome Profiling in Rice. Invited Reviewed International journal

    Natsumi Mori-Moriyama, Atsushi J Nagano

    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)   Vol. 2869   page： 123 - 134   2025

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Lasy-Seq (low-cost and easy RNA-seq) is a high-throughput library preparation method for 3' RNA-seq. Usage of oligo(dT) primers with unique index sequences allows simultaneous reverse transcription (RT) reaction and sample indexing. Therefore, each post-RT step, which was performed on a sample-by-sample basis in a conventional method, can be performed on a large number of samples together in a single tube. With the Lasy-Seq, the sequencing-ready library pool can be prepared from a few to several hundred samples in a few days.

    DOI： 10.1007/978-1-0716-4204-7_13

    PubMed

  14. Differences in the genetic diversity and genome size between two ecotypes of <i>Imperata cylindrica</i> in <scp>Japan</scp> Reviewed Open Access

    Yasuyuki Nomura, Yoshiko Shimono, Atsushi J. Nagano, Junichi Imanishi, Tohru Tominaga

    Plant Species Biology   Vol. 40 ( 2 ) page： 175 - 189   2024.11

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1111/1442-1984.12502

    Open Access

    Web of Science

  15. Reducing herbivory in mixed planting by genomic prediction of neighbor effects in the field. Reviewed International coauthorship International journal Open Access

    Yasuhiro Sato, Rie Shimizu-Inatsugi, Kazuya Takeda, Bernhard Schmid, Atsushi J Nagano, Kentaro K Shimizu

    Nature communications   Vol. 15 ( 1 ) page： 8467 - 8467   2024.10

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    Authorship：Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1038/s41467-024-52374-7

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    Web of Science

    PubMed

  16. Cy-1, a major QTL for tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus resistance, harbors a gene encoding a DFDGD-Class RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Reviewed International journal Open Access

    Sota Koeda, Chihiro Yamamoto, Hiroto Yamamoto, Kohei Fujishiro, Ryoma Mori, Momoka Okamoto, Atsushi J Nagano, Takaaki Mashiko

    BMC plant biology   Vol. 24 ( 1 ) page： 879 - 879   2024.10

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1186/s12870-024-05591-7

    Open Access

    Web of Science

    PubMed

  17. Time and dose selective glucose metabolism for glucose homeostasis and energy conversion in the liver. Reviewed International journal Open Access

    Yifei Pan, Atsushi Hatano, Satoshi Ohno, Keigo Morita, Toshiya Kokaji, Yunfan Bai, Hikaru Sugimoto, Riku Egami, Akira Terakawa, Dongzi Li, Saori Uematsu, Hideki Maehara, Suguru Fujita, Hiroshi Inoue, Yuka Inaba, Atsushi J Nagano, Akiyoshi Hirayama, Tomoyoshi Soga, Shinya Kuroda

    NPJ systems biology and applications   Vol. 10 ( 1 ) page： 107 - 107   2024.9

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1038/s41540-024-00437-2

    Open Access

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  18. Transcriptomic dynamics of petal development in the one-day flower species, Japanese morning glory (Ipomoea nil) Reviewed

    Soya Nakagawa, Atsushi Hoshino, Kazuyo Ito, Hiroyo Nishide, Katsuhiro Shiratake, Atsushi J Nagano, Yasubumi Sakakibara

    Plant & cell physiology     2024.8

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.1101/2024.08.29.610218

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  19. Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationships of Capsicum frutescens in the Asia–Pacific Region: The Pacific Dispersal Route Reviewed Open Access

    Sota Yamamoto, Sota Koeda, Ryutaro Nakano, Shota Sakaguchi, Atsushi J. Nagano, Yoshiyuki Tanaka, Fumiya Kondo, Kenichi Matsushima, Nobuhiko Komaki

    International Journal of Historical Archaeology     2024.8

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

    Abstract

    Capsicum peppers are among the oldest domesticated crops in the Americas. Columbus introduced them to Europe, from where they spread to the Far East via Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. However, the details of how Capsicum peppers were introduced into the Asia–Pacific region and their subsequent dispersal remain unknown. Therefore, we investigated the genetic diversity and relationships of Capsicum frutescens in the Asia–Pacific region through restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) and the sequencing of a variable chloroplast genome locus. The RAD-seq analysis showed that three accessions from Japan are most closely related to those from the Americas and Micronesia, and are distant from most of those from islands and continental Southeast Asia. Although C. frutescens has two chloroplast haplotypes (T and TC), only the T type was found in the Americas and Japan, whereas both types were distributed in other regions. Therefore, we postulate that some C. frutescens accessions were introduced into the Asia–Pacific region from the Americas via the Pacific dispersal route, whereas only the T type was introduced into Japan. Evidence for this Pacific dispersal route of C. frutescens could lead to a reconsideration of the dispersal routes of other crops native to the Americas.

    DOI： 10.1007/s10761-024-00750-w

    Open Access

    Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10761-024-00750-w/fulltext.html

  20. Comprehensive genetic analysis reveals the genetic structure and diversity of Calanthe hoshii (Orchidaceae), an endemic species of the Ogasawara Islands: Implications for appropriate conservation of a critically endangered species Reviewed Open Access

    Mayu Katafuchi, Satoshi Narita, Yoshiteru Komaki, Atsushi J. Nagano, Tomohisa Yukawa, Yoshihisa Suyama, Shun K. Hirota, Michimasa Yamasaki, Yuji Isagi

    Plant Species Biology     2024.7

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The Ogasawara Islands, isolated from the continent throughout their geological history, harbor abundant endemic species. However, 32% of the native plant species are on the Japanese Red List, signaling their endangered status. Among these endangered species, <jats:italic>Calanthe hoshii</jats:italic> stands out as highly susceptible to extinction. Two wild and 89 ex situ individuals were alive in 2020, but the last known wild individual died in October 2021, indicating this species may have become extinct in the wild. Despite the conservation efforts under the Act for the Conservation of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, the lack of essential information regarding genetic diversity and population structure among the remaining individuals poses a significant obstacle to developing effective conservation measures. In this research, we conducted a genetic analysis of the wild and ex situ individuals, which revealed notably reduced genetic diversity between individuals, with individual heterozygosity levels (1.0 × 10<jats:sup>−5</jats:sup>) measuring one‐ninth of those observed within a closely related species <jats:italic>Calanthe triplicata</jats:italic> (1.5 × 10<jats:sup>−4</jats:sup>). Comprehensive genetic analysis revealed that <jats:italic>C. hoshii</jats:italic> consisted of three genetic clusters of different sizes: cluster 1 comprised 95% of the total population, while clusters 2 and 3, with few individuals, were only found in the ex situ populations at Koishikawa Botanical Garden. Since extant <jats:italic>C. hoshii</jats:italic> maintains a remarkably low genetic diversity at both individual and population levels, it is necessary to consider future management strategies, such as artificial breeding among different clades identified in this study, to safeguard the stability and resilience of this species.</jats:p>

    DOI： 10.1111/1442-1984.12479

    Open Access

  21. 1-Butanol treatment enhances drought stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Reviewed International journal

    Thi Nhu Quynh Do, Daisuke Todaka, Maho Tanaka, Satoshi Takahashi, Junko Ishida, Kaori Sako, Atsushi J Nagano, Yumiko Takebayashi, Yuri Kanno, Masanori Okamoto, Xuan Hoi Pham, Motoaki Seki

    Plant molecular biology   Vol. 114 ( 4 ) page： 86 - 86   2024.7

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Abiotic stress is a major factor affecting crop productivity. Chemical priming is a promising strategy to enhance tolerance to abiotic stress. In this study, we evaluated the use of 1-butanol as an effectual strategy to enhance drought stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. We first demonstrated that, among isopropanol, methanol, 1-butanol, and 2-butanol, pretreatment with 1-butanol was the most effective for enhancing drought tolerance. We tested the plants with a range of 1-butanol concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mM) and further determined that 20 mM was the optimal concentration of 1-butanol that enhanced drought tolerance without compromising plant growth. Physiological tests showed that the enhancement of drought tolerance by 1-butanol pretreatment was associated with its stimulation of stomatal closure and improvement of leaf water retention. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between water- and 1-butanol-pretreated plants. The DEGs included genes involved in oxidative stress response processes. The DEGs identified here partially overlapped with those of ethanol-treated plants. Taken together, the results show that 1-butanol is a novel chemical priming agent that effectively enhances drought stress tolerance in Arabidopsis plants, and provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of alcohol-mediated abiotic stress tolerance.

    DOI： 10.1007/s11103-024-01479-0

    PubMed

  22. Enhanced decreases in rice evapotranspiration in response to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide under warmer environments Reviewed International journal

    Hiroki Ikawa, Toshihiro Hasegawa, Etsushi Kumagai, Hitomi Wakatsuki, Yasuyo Sekiyama, Atsushi J. Nagano, Tsuneo Kuwagata

    Plant, Cell & Environment   Vol. 47 ( 9 ) page： 3514 - 3527   2024.6

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>A short period of exposure to elevated CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> is known to decrease evapotranspiration via stomatal closure. Based on theoretical evaluation of a canopy transpiration model, we hypothesized that this decrease in the evapotranspiration of rice under elevated CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> was greater under higher temperature conditions due to an increased sensitivity of transpiration to changes in CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> induced by the greater vapour pressure deficit. In a temperature gradient chamber‐based experiment, a 200 ppm increase in CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> concentration led to 0.4 mm (−7%) and 1.5 mm (−15%) decreases in 12 h evapotranspiration under ambient temperature and high temperature (+3.7°C) conditions, respectively. Model simulations revealed that the greater vapour pressure deficit under higher temperature conditions explained the variations in the reduction of evapotranspiration observed under elevated CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> levels between the temperature treatments. Our study suggests the utility of a simple modelling framework for mechanistic understanding of evapotranspiration and crop energy balance system under changing environmental conditions.</jats:p>

    DOI： 10.1111/pce.15013

    PubMed

  23. Rediscovery of Oryzias hubbsi with notes on its reproductive isolation with O. javanicus Reviewed

    Daniel F. Mokodongan, Ilham V. Utama, Atsushi J. Nagano, Sau Pinn Woo, Shau Hwai Tan, Satoshi Ansai, Yusuke Takehana, Kazunori Yamahira

    Ichthyological Research     2024.5

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    Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

    DOI： 10.1007/s10228-024-00976-y

    Other Link： https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10228-024-00976-y/fulltext.html

  24. Distribution and Population Genetic Structure of the Hau Giang Medaka, Oryzias haugiangensis, Along the East Coast of the Indochinese Peninsula Reviewed

    Huong T. T. Dang, Ilham V. Utama, Atsushi J. Nagano, Hirozumi Kobayashi, Ken Maeda, Huy D. Hoang, Hau D. Tran, Kazunori Yamahira

    Zoological Science   Vol. 41 ( 3 ) page： 251 - 256   2024.4

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Zoological Society of Japan  

    The east coast of the Indochinese Peninsula is a well-known transition zone from subtropical to tropical systems, yet only a small number of studies have been conducted on the biogeography and phylogeography of aquatic organisms in this region. The Hau Giang medaka, Oryzias haugiangensis, was originally described from the Mekong Delta in southern Vietnam, and later reported also from southeastern Thailand, west of the Mekong Delta region. However, the species' full geographic range and population genetic structures remain unknown. Field surveys showed a widespread distribution of this species along the east coast of the Indochinese Peninsula, as far as northern Vietnam. A mitochondrial gene phylogeny and population genetic structure analysis using genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms revealed that the populations of O. haugiangensis are highly structuralized along the east coast of Vietnam, with the southernmost Mekong Delta population clearly separated from three populations north of central Vietnam. Further field collections are necessary to determine the boundary between the southern and northern populations, and the presence or absence of a hybrid zone.

    DOI： 10.2108/zs230121

    PubMed

  25. Plant Molecular Phenology and Climate Feedbacks Mediated by BVOCs. Reviewed International journal Open Access

    Akiko Satake, Tomika Hagiwara, Atsushi J Nagano, Nobutoshi Yamaguchi, Kanako Sekimoto, Kaori Shiojiri, Kengo Sudo

    Annual review of plant biology   Vol. 75 ( 1 ) page： 605 - 627   2024.2

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Climate change profoundly affects the timing of seasonal activities of organisms, known as phenology. The impact of climate change is not unidirectional; it is also influenced by plant phenology as plants modify atmospheric composition and climatic processes. One important aspect of this interaction is the emission of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), which link the Earth's surface, atmosphere, and climate. BVOC emissions exhibit significant diurnal and seasonal variations and are therefore considered essential phenological traits. To understand the dynamic equilibrium arising from the interplay between plant phenology and climate, this review presents recent advances in comprehending the molecular mechanisms underpinning plant phenology and its interaction with climate. We provide an overview of studies investigating molecular phenology, genome-wide gene expression analyses conducted in natural environments, and how these studies revolutionize the concept of phenology, shifting it from observable traits to dynamic molecular responses driven by gene-environment interactions. We explain how this knowledge can be scaled up to encompass plant populations, regions, and even the globe by establishing connections between molecular phenology, changes in plant distribution, species composition, and climate. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Plant Biology, Volume 75 is May 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

    DOI： 10.1146/annurev-arplant-060223-032108

    Open Access

    PubMed

  26. Single candidate gene for salt tolerance of &lt;i&gt;Vigna nakashimae&lt;/i&gt; (Ohwi) Ohwi &amp; Ohashi identified by QTL mapping, whole genome sequencing and triplicated RNA-seq analyses Reviewed Open Access

    Miho Ito, Honami Ohashi, Masahiro Takemoto, Chiaki Muto, Takashi Seiko, Yusaku Noda, Eri Ogiso-Tanaka, Atsushi J. Nagano, Yu Takahashi, Jun Furukawa, Yuki Monden, Ken Naito

    Breeding Science   Vol. 74 ( 2 ) page： 93 - 102   2024

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japanese Society of Breeding  

    Salt tolerance has been an important issue as a solution for soil salinization and groundwater depletion. To challenge this issue, genetic diversity of wild plants must be harnessed. Here we report a discovery of a candidate gene for salt tolerance in Vigna nakashimae, one of the coastal species in the genus Vigna. Using intraspecific variation, we performed a forward genetic analysis and identified a strong QTL region harboring ~200 genes. To further narrow down the candidate genes, we performed a comparative transcriptome analysis, using the genome sequence of azuki bean (V. angularis) as a reference. However the detected differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) did not include those related to salt tolerance. As we suspected that the target gene in V. nakashimae is missing in V. angularis, we sequenced the whole genome sequence of V. nakashimae with long-reads. By re-analyzing the transcriptome data with the new reference genome, we successfully identified POCO1 as a candidate gene, which was missing not only in V. angularis but also in the salt-sensitive accession of V. nakashimae. Further comparative analysis revealed that the tolerant genotypes conserved the ancestral form of the locus, while the sensitive genotypes did not. We also emphasize the pitfalls in our study, such as position effect in a growth chamber, missing important genes in the reference genome, and limited reproducibility of RNA-seq experiments.

    DOI： 10.1270/jsbbs.23053

    Open Access

    PubMed

  27. Differences in the Aroma Profiles of Seedless-treated and Nontreated 'Shine Muscat' Grape Berries Decrease with Ripening Reviewed Open Access

    Chikako Honda, Fukuyo Tanaka, Yoshihiro Ohmori, Amane Tanaka, Kotone Komazaki, Kengo Izumi, Ken-ichiro Ichikawa, Saneyuki Kawabata, Atsushi J. Nagano

    HORTICULTURE JOURNAL   Vol. 93 ( 4 ) page： 363 - 376   2024

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    Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI： 10.2503/hortj.SZD-002

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    Web of Science

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To the head of Papers.▲

MISC 63

  1. アキノキリンソウをモデルとした蛇紋岩環境における植物の平行適応と集団動態の進化的背景

    高添清登, 阪口翔太, 永野惇, 永野惇, 石川直子, 伊藤元己, 瀬戸口浩彰

    日本植物分類学会大会研究発表要旨集   Vol. 24th   2025

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  2. 多様な性表現を示す日本産シライトソウ属の系統進化

    吉田涼香, 瀬戸口浩彰, 山本将也, 長澤耕樹, 増田和俊, 永野惇, 永野惇, 田金秀一郎, 井上康彦, 倉田薫子

    日本植物分類学会大会研究発表要旨集   Vol. 24th   2025

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  3. Molecular mechanism of interspecific diversity in the isoprene-emission capacity in Fagaceae plants

    小板青空, 棟方涼介, 福島健児, 永野惇, 永野惇, 斉藤拓也, 池崎由佳, 佐竹暁子, 三浦謙治, 杉山暁史, 矢崎一史

    日本植物生理学会年会(Web)   Vol. 66th   2025

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  4. Clarifying the genomic background of the tetraploid Nepalese chili pepper ‘Dalle Khursani’ (Capsicum sp.)

    近藤文哉, 亀山魁人, 田中沙智, 遠藤勝紀, 番匠弘美, 田中義行, 小枝壮太, 山本宗立, 永野惇, 根本和洋, 松島憲一

    園芸学研究 別冊   Vol. 24 ( 1 )   2025

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  5. Analysis of SA & JA Dose-dependent responses and development of transcriptomic biomarkers

    冨田敦幹, 冨田敦幹, 前田太郎, 前田太郎, 森山奈津美, 野村康之, 栗田悠子, 鹿島誠, 別役重之, 永野惇, 永野惇

    日本植物生理学会年会(Web)   Vol. 66th   2025

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  6. クロクモソウ(ユキノシタ科チシマイワブキ属)の進化過程の推定と形態・生育条件との対応

    福田知子, 玉木一郎, LINNIK Elena, 中村剛, 中村剛, 永野惇, 永野惇

    日本植物分類学会大会研究発表要旨集   Vol. 24th   2025

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  7. Changes in xylem structure and gene expression in response to changes in day length and/or temperature using shortened annual cycle system of Populus alba L.

    馬場啓一, 栗田悠子, 永野惇, 永野惇

    日本木材学会大会研究発表要旨集(完全版)(CD-ROM)   Vol. 75th   2025

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  8. Cy-1, a major QTL for ToLCNDV resistance, harbors a gene encoding an RDR in cucumber (Cucumis sativus)

    小枝壮太, 小枝壮太, 山本千尋, 山本浩登, 藤代康平, 森涼馬, 岡本桃花, 永野惇, 永野惇, 益子嵩章

    園芸学研究 別冊   Vol. 24 ( 1 )   2025

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  9. Genetic basis of robustness of species identity in the face of hybridization in sticklebacks

    細木拓也, 細木拓也, 森誠一, 香川幸太郎, 西田翔太郎, 久米学, 神部飛雄, 神部飛雄, 柿岡諒, 中本健太, 飯野佑樹, 小玉将史, 大場理幹, 壁谷尚樹, 石川麻乃, 吉田恒太, 山崎曜, 山崎曜, 永野惇, 永野惇, 北野潤, 北野潤

    日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web)   Vol. 72nd   2025

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  10. Temporal transcriptome analysis and database construction in the petals of Japanese morning glory (Ipomoea nil)

    星野敦, 星野敦, 中川颯也, 中川颯也, 西出浩世, 白武勝裕, 永野惇, 永野惇

    日本植物生理学会年会(Web)   Vol. 66th   2025

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  11. Activity of Novel Callus-inducing Compounds

    藤野宏太郎, 小川拓水, LEE Hayoung, 永野惇, 永野惇, 園田素啓, 岡澤敦司

    日本植物生理学会年会(Web)   Vol. 66th   2025

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  12. 野外環境におけるトランスクリプトーム変動の解明・予測とその応用

    永野惇, 永野惇

    バイオサイエンスとインダストリー   Vol. 83 ( 3 )   2025

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  13. Prediction of Leaf Photosynthetic Rate and Biomass Accumulation Using Predicted Field Transcriptome in Rice

    本田爽太郎, 宮下大輝, 大久保智司, 鹿島誠, 大川泰一郎, 永野惇, 永野惇, 安達俊輔

    日本作物学会講演会要旨集   Vol. 259th   2025

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  14. AtTRB3 enhances ethanol-induced salt stress tolerance by activating transcription of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 and 2

    漆原晃太, 松井章浩, 田中真帆, 藤原すみれ, 光田展隆, 高木優, 永野惇, 永野惇, 関原明, 佐古香織, 佐古香織

    日本植物生理学会年会(Web)   Vol. 66th   2025

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  15. 石川県沿岸におけるキツネメバルとタヌキメバルの生殖隔離機構の解明

    稲垣志峰, 藤原弘貴, 佐久間啓, 三澤遼, 永野惇, 永野惇, 白井厚太朗, 朝日田卓, 武藤望生

    日本水産学会大会講演要旨集(CD-ROM)   Vol. 2025   2025

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  16. 畑跡地と二次林のコナラによる放射性セシウム吸収と細根

    三浦覚, 小河澄香, 辻井悠希, 栗田悠子, 永野惇, 永野惇, 小林奈通子

    日本森林学会大会学術講演集   Vol. 136th   2025

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  17. Functional analysis of the cysteine-rich peptide involved in the environmental stress response

    丹羽智子, 丹羽智子, 後藤綾乃, 和久茉厘那, 神谷岳洋, 大石俊輔, 水多陽子, 水多陽子, 筒井大貴, 三輪京子, 永野惇, 永野惇, 東山哲也, 木羽隆敏, 榊原均, 田畑亮

    日本植物生理学会年会(Web)   Vol. 66th   2025

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  18. Differences in inflorescence architecture according to sex expression in Japanese maples

    加藤拓磨, 名波哲, 奥野聖也, 永野惇, 永野惇, 伊東明

    日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web)   Vol. 72nd   2025

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  19. 日本および極東ロシアにおけるカラマツ属の遺伝的変異

    渡辺洋一, 北村颯太, 内山憲太郎, 永野惇, 石塚航, MARCHUK Elena A, TSARENKO Nataliya A, SHEIKO Viktor V, 中村剛, 百原新, 戸丸信弘

    日本森林学会大会学術講演集   Vol. 136th   2025

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  20. Are there differences in ecological characteristics between dioecious and cosexual plants?: Interspecific comparison among Japanese maples

    加藤拓磨, 名波哲, 荒堀由希奈, 田中大樹, 大矢樹, 永野惇, 永野惇, 伊東明

    日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web)   Vol. 71st   2024

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  21. アゴハゼの複数の交雑帯に着目した全ゲノムクライン解析

    加藤柊也, 永野惇, 永野惇, 菊池潔, 平瀬祥太朗

    日本水産学会大会講演要旨集(CD-ROM)   Vol. 2024   2024

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  22. Simulation study of sampling strategies for prediction of field transcriptome

    永壽暖, 前田太郎, 大久保智司, 鹿島誠, 京極大助, 橋田庸一, 渡邊渡邊, 安達俊輔, 永野惇, 永野惇, 永野惇

    日本植物生理学会年会(Web)   Vol. 65th   2024

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  23. Functional analysis of growth inhibition by ethanol treatment in plants

    羽間莉温, 松井章浩, 永野惇, 関原明, 佐古香織, 佐古香織

    日本植物生理学会年会(Web)   Vol. 65th   2024

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  24. キンギョにおける眼周辺の浮腫形成機構の理解

    高橋太一, 吉見紳吾, 永野惇, 野口英樹, 豊田敦, 大森義裕, 大森義裕

    日本分子生物学会年会プログラム・要旨集(Web)   Vol. 47th   2024

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  25. キンギョの茶色変異をモデルとした体色形成機構の解明

    佐藤優里奈, 湯瑞, 伏木宗一郎, 松本沙織, 吉見紳吾, 永野惇, 野口英樹, 豊田敦, 大森義裕, 大森義裕

    日本分子生物学会年会プログラム・要旨集(Web)   Vol. 47th   2024

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  26. キンギョ鱗形態変異体を用いた鱗発生と再生メカニズムの理解

    松本沙織, 湯瑞, 伏木宗一郎, 村宮一紀, 永野惇, 野口英樹, 豊田敦, 大森義裕, 大森義裕

    日本分子生物学会年会プログラム・要旨集(Web)   Vol. 47th   2024

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  27. Unraveling species divergence patterns in endemic tree taxa of the Bonin islands using genome-wide SNPs

    鈴木節子, 常木静河, 成田智史, 須貝杏子, 玉木一郎, 永野惇, 永野惇, 伊原徳子, 井鷺裕司, 加藤英寿, 村上哲明

    日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web)   Vol. 71st   2024

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  28. ゲノム情報を活用したチャ遺伝資源の表現型予測手法の開発とその検証

    石黒雄大, 山下寛人, 山下寛人, 山下寛人, 川木純平, 永野惇, 永野惇, 一家崇志, 一家崇志, 一家崇志, 一家崇志

    茶業研究報告   ( 138 )   2024

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  29. Molecular mechanisms of isoprene production in Quercus

    小板青空, 福島健児, 永野惇, 永野惇, 佐竹暁子, 三浦謙治, 棟方涼介, 棟方涼介, 矢崎一史

    日本農芸化学会大会講演要旨集(Web)   Vol. 2024   2024

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  30. シイタケ原木林において樹木の放射性セシウム濃度を決める新規要因の探索

    栗田悠子, 辻井悠希, 小河澄香, 永野惇, 永野惇, 田野井慶太朗, 小林奈通子, 三浦覚

    日本植物学会大会研究発表記録(CD-ROM)   Vol. 88th   2024

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  31. Exploration of novel factors determining radiocesium concentration in trees in a shiitake mushroom log forest.

    栗田悠子, 辻井悠希, 永野惇, 永野惇, 三浦覚, 小林奈通子

    アイソトープ・放射線研究発表会(Web)   Vol. 61st   2024

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  32. Analysis of Growth Arrest Phenotype of kam2 Seedlings on Sucrosefree Solid Medium

    細川智佳, 八木宏樹, 瀬上紹嗣, 瀬上紹嗣, 永野惇, 永野惇, 河本恭子, 田村謙太郎, 岡義人, 松下智直, 嶋田知生

    日本植物生理学会年会(Web)   Vol. 65th   2024

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  33. チャ休眠芽の萌芽過程における植物ホルモン動態

    大貫真弥, 川木純平, 小嶋美紀子, 竹林裕美子, 榊原均, 榊原均, 永野惇, 永野惇, 一家崇志, 一家崇志, 一家崇志, 山下寛人, 山下寛人

    茶業研究報告   ( 138 )   2024

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  34. Plant hormonomics during the breaking bud-dormancy in tea plants

    大貫真弥, 川木純平, 小嶋美紀子, 竹林裕美子, 榊原均, 榊原均, 永野惇, 永野惇, 一家崇志, 一家崇志, 一家崇志, 山下寛人, 山下寛人

    植物の生長調節   Vol. 59 ( Supplement )   2024

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  35. Identification of new resistance QTL regions in loquat cultivar ’Champagne’ against loquat canker

    古賀翔吾, 川口琉生, 田中つなみ, 森谷茂樹, 稗圃直史, 椛島弘治, 永野惇, 永野幸生, 福田伸二, 福田伸二, 福田伸二

    園芸学研究 別冊   Vol. 23 ( 1 )   2024

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  36. Comparative transcriptome analysis of rice accessions in response to the fairy chemical AOH

    吉見瑠偉, 品田遵詞, 永野惇, 永野惇, 呉静, 崔宰熏, 崔宰熏, 崔宰熏, 河岸洋和, 山下寛人, 一家崇志, 一家崇志

    植物の生長調節   Vol. 59 ( Supplement )   2024

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  37. Identification of QTLs for ToLCNDV resistance in melon (Cucumis melo)

    西川拓, 山本千尋, 永野惇, 小枝壮太

    園芸学研究 別冊   Vol. 23 ( 1 )   2024

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  38. The phenology of transcriptome reveals the physiological status during spring bud-break in tea plants

    大貫真弥, 川木純平, 永野惇, 永野惇, 一家崇志, 一家崇志, 一家崇志, 山下寛人, 山下寛人

    日本植物生理学会年会(Web)   Vol. 65th   2024

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  39. Functional analysis of AtTRB3 involved in the salt stress tolerance by low-concentration ethanol

    漆原晃太, 松井章浩, 田中真帆, 藤原すみれ, 光田展隆, 高木優, 永野惇, 永野惇, 田茂井政宏, 関原明, 佐古香織, 佐古香織

    日本植物生理学会年会(Web)   Vol. 65th   2024

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  40. Individuals, nests and polydomous colonies: multilevel modularity in parthenogenetic ant societies

    井戸川直人, 永野惇, 永野惇, 土畑重人

    日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web)   Vol. 71st   2024

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  41. 分子系統解析に基づく日本産シライトソウ属の分類学的再検討

    吉田涼香, 瀬戸口浩彰, 山本将也, 長澤耕樹, 永野惇, 永野惇, 田金秀一郎, 井上康彦, 倉田薫子

    日本植物分類学会大会研究発表要旨集   Vol. 23rd   2024

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  42. 塩生植物ハマサジの第四紀における集団動態と分布域形成の歴史

    江田悠河, CHOI Hyeok Jae, 阪口翔太, 長澤耕樹, 増田和俊, 黒田有寿茂, 永野惇, 陶山佳久, 廣田峻, 高橋大樹, 瀬戸口浩彰

    日本植物学会大会研究発表記録(CD-ROM)   Vol. 88th   2024

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  43. Stepwise chemical transcriptomics for large-scale identification of chemicals involved in diverse plant physiological functions

    LEE Hayoung, 森山奈津美, 佐藤綾人, 永野惇, 永野惇

    日本植物生理学会年会(Web)   Vol. 65th   2024

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  44. Validation of genomic estimated breeding values in large-scale tea germplasm

    石黒雄大, 山下寛人, 山下寛人, 山下寛人, 川木純平, 永野惇, 永野惇, 一家崇志, 一家崇志, 一家崇志, 一家崇志

    育種学研究   Vol. 26   2024

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  45. Analysis of SA & JA Dose-dependent responses of Arabidopsis by large-scale transcriptome

    冨田敦幹, 冨田敦幹, 前田太郎, 前田太郎, 森山(毛利)奈津美, 野村康之, 栗田悠子, 鹿島誠, 冨田勝, 別役重之, 永野惇, 永野惇, 永野惇

    日本植物生理学会年会(Web)   Vol. 65th   2024

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  46. 家畜化されたキンギョ(Carassius auratus)の形態形成と行動変化に対するゲノムワイド関連解析(GWAS)

    大森義裕, 大森義裕, 松本沙織, 藤本拓巳, 今鉄男, 湯瑞, 吉見紳吾, 今琴, 伏木宗一郎, 永野惇, 野口英樹, 豊田敦

    日本生化学会大会(Web)   Vol. 97th   2024

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  47. 小笠原産ムラサキシキブ属における雌雄異株性の獲得過程で起こったゲノム進化

    増田和俊, 瀬戸口浩彰, 長澤耕樹, 鈴木節子, 久保田渉誠, 佐藤真, 永野惇, 永野惇, 阪口翔太

    日本植物分類学会大会研究発表要旨集   Vol. 23rd   2024

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  48. Genomics of sex determination in the genus Callicarpa: a study of plant species that acquired a dioecious breeding system on oceanic islands

    増田和俊, 瀬戸口浩彰, 長澤耕樹, 鈴木節子, 久保田渉誠, 佐藤真, 永野惇, 永野惇, 阪口翔太

    日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web)   Vol. 71st   2024

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  49. Speciation patterns in the genus Machilus endemic to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan: two instances of simultaneous divergence and allopatric speciation.

    鈴木節子, 常木静河, 玉木一郎, 永野惇, 永野惇, 加藤英寿, 村上哲明

    日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web)   Vol. 71st   2024

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  50. 日本鶏の従順性行動に関する遺伝子座マッピング

    後藤達彦, NYIRIMANA Prudence, 佐々木凌玖, GYAWALI Dipson, 永野惇, 石川明

    日本家禽学会誌   Vol. 61   2024

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  51. Exploration of sex-determining factors in dioecious Callicarpa genus by comparative transcriptome analysis

    増田和俊, 瀬戸口浩彰, 長澤耕樹, 鈴木節子, 久保田渉誠, 佐藤真, 永野惇, 永野惇, 阪口翔太

    日本生態学会大会講演要旨(Web)   Vol. 71st   2024

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  52. Study of complex environmental responses

    橋田庸一, 永野惇, 永野惇

    アグリバイオ   Vol. 8 ( 8 )   2024

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  53. Environmental response of kleptoplastic sea slug based on comparative omics analysis

    前田太郎, 森大, 永野惇, 永野惇

    日本植物生理学会年会(Web)   Vol. 65th   2024

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  54. 短日条件下の出穂に対する温度応答性に関するタカナリ-コシヒカリ間の変異と関連遺伝子群

    小梶裕之, 小梶裕之, 西村和紗, 西村和紗, 齊藤大樹, 清水顕史, 永野惇, 永野惇, 岩橋優, 井上博茂, 中野龍平, 中川博視, 中崎鉄也

    作物研究   ( 69 )   2024

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  55. Hybridization dynamics between two pairs of pufferfish species (Takifugu spp.) under natural conditions

    高橋洋, 熊谷英紀, 沖村未和子, 永野惇, 武藤望生, 柿岡諒

    日本魚類学会年会講演要旨   Vol. 58th (CD-ROM)   2024

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  56. Identification of expressed biomarkers to explain the nitrogen nutritional status in tea plants

    浅野光琉, 山下寛人, 山下寛人, 永野惇, 永野惇, 廣野祐平, 廣野祐平, 一家崇志, 一家崇志, 一家崇志

    日本植物生理学会年会(Web)   Vol. 65th   2024

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  57. Possible cases of hybrid speciation in marine fishes in the western Pacific

    武藤望生, 稲垣志峰, 勝見健太, 藤原弘貴, 畑晴陵, 佐久間啓, 三澤遼, 永野惇, 永野惇, 熊澤慶伯, 本村浩之, 白井厚太朗

    日本魚類学会年会講演要旨   Vol. 58th (CD-ROM)   2024

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  58. 遺伝子発現を指標とした茶葉中の窒素含量を説明するモデルの開発

    浅野光琉, 永野惇, 永野惇, 廣野祐平, 廣野祐平, 一家崇志, 一家崇志, 一家崇志, 山下寛人, 山下寛人

    茶業研究報告   ( 138 )   2024

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  59. 遺伝解析と形態形質に基づく山陰型タチツボスミレの検証と新種記載

    YU Jiaxin, いがり まさし, 須山知香, 植田邦彦, 永野惇, 陶山佳久, 廣田峻, 矢原徹一, 田金秀一郎, 藤原正人, 増田和俊, 瀬戸口浩彰, 阪口翔太

    日本植物分類学会大会研究発表要旨集   Vol. 23rd   2024

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  60. 雌雄異株植物と両性植物の生態特性の違い:日本産カエデ属樹種における種間比較

    加藤拓磨, 名波哲, 荒堀由希奈, 田中大樹, 大矢樹, 永野惇, 永野惇, 伊東明

    日本植物学会大会研究発表記録(CD-ROM)   Vol. 88th   2024

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  61. Toward quantitative modeling of environmental responses in BVOC emissions

    永野惇, 永野惇

    日本植物生理学会年会(Web)   Vol. 65th   2024

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  62. QTL analysis for petal length using interspecific crosses among Eustoma species

    川勝恭子, 永野惇, 福田直子, 川勝泰二

    育種学研究   Vol. 26   2024

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  63. ddRad-seq解析によるシベリアイタチの地理的変異

    土橋健太郎, 遠藤優, 鈴木和男, 鈴木聡, 永野惇, 西田義憲, 増田隆一

    日本哺乳類学会大会プログラム・講演要旨集   Vol. 2024   2024

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To the head of MISC.▲

KAKENHI (Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research) 6

  1. Analysis of stochastic expression variation among plant individuals

    Grant number：23K18156  2023.6 - 2025.3

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)

  2. Estimation of environment response function for genes driving BVOC emission phenology

    Grant number：23H04967  2023.4 - 2028.3

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas (A)

  3. Support activities to promote plant-climate feedbacks

    Grant number：23H04965  2023.4 - 2028.3

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas (A)

  4. JA and SA responses in biotic interactions under the field

    Grant number：23H00386  2023.4 - 2026.3

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

  5. 野外トランスクリプトームの化学的制御手法の確立

    2022 - 2028

    科学技術振興機構  戦略的な研究開発の推進 創発的研究支援事業 

    永野 惇

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    Authorship：Principal investigator 

    生物本来の生育場所であり、主たる農業生産の場でもある野外では、温度や光などが刻一刻と複雑に変化します。本研究では、独自の遺伝子発現予測技術と、大規模な環境制御、ケミカルトランスクリプトミクスを組み合わせることで、複雑な野外環境下における遺伝子発現の化学的制御を合理的に設計する技術の開発を目指します。この技術によって、野外における環境応答の分子機構の解明、その自在な制御につながることが期待されます。

  6. Plant growth instability originated from disturbance of circadian rhythm and optimization of nonparametric cultivation environment

    Grant number：20H00423  2020.4 - 2024.3

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

    Fukuda Hirokazu

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    The aim of this study was to elucidate the amplification of noise and instability within plant organisms in the advanced automation of plant production systems and to establish stability in automatic control. This research focused on three main aspects: (A) Development of a new technology to reduce instability through non-parametric cultivation environment optimization, (B) Establishment of mathematical and informatics foundations (mathematical models of multiperiodicity and instability), and (C) Elucidation of physiological mechanisms (clarification of the physiological mechanisms of growth instability). As a result, we achieved: (A) A theory of growth instability due to circadian rhythm disruption based on an improved production flow mathematical model in mass-production artificial light plant factories, (B) Development of a digital model for VR-operated robots, and (C) Development of a coupled model of growth and circadian clocks.

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To the head of KAKENHI (Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research).▲