記述言語：日本語  

Web of Science

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：Scientific Reports  

Pachyvessels are pathologically dilated large choroidal vessels and are associated with the pathogenesis of several pachychoroid-related disorders, including central serous chorioretinopathy. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for pachyvessels in the Japanese population. We included 316 participants (aged ≥ 40 years) with normal right eyes. The presence of pachyvessels (vertical diameter > 300 µm, distance to the retinal pigment epithelium < 50 µm) was determined using 6 × 6 mm macular swept-source optical coherence tomography images, and associated risk factors were investigated. Subfoveal choroidal thickness was measured, and its associated risk factors investigated. The overall prevalence of pachychoroids was 9.5%. Regression analysis showed that a younger age, shorter axial length, male sex, and smoking were significantly associated with the presence of pachyvessels (p = 0.047; odds ratio [OR] 0.96 per year, p = 0.021; OR 0.61 per 1 mm, p = 0.012; OR 3.08 vs. female, and p = 0.011; OR 3.15 vs. non-smoker, respectively) and greater choroidal thickness (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.003, and p < 0.017, respectively). The results were consistent with other research findings which showed that pachychoroid-related disorders such as central serous chorioretinopathy were associated with younger age, male sex, shorter axial length, and smoking. Smoking may be associated with choroidal circulatory disturbance in the Japanese population.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-021-90493-z

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.)  

PURPOSE: To describe the intraoperative and postoperative morphological and functional outcomes after autologous neurosensory retinal flap transplantation (ART) for a high myopia-related refractory macular hole (MH). METHODS: This prospective interventional study enrolled five eyes of five patients (age range 54-84 years) with highly myopic refractory MHs who underwent ART. All cases were evaluated with intraoperative optical coherence tomography and postoperative optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomography angiography, and microperimetry for at least 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Intraoperatively, the MH was covered by an ART flap with a persistent small subretinal space that was filled with the ART flap after 4 days to 6 days. Optical coherence tomography discriminated the original from the transplanted retina. The mean basal diameter of the original MH decreased from 1,504 ± 684 µm preoperatively to 1,111 ± 356 µm postoperatively. The best-corrected visual acuity improved in two cases, was stable in two cases, and deteriorated in one case. Microperimetry demonstrated no obvious postoperative changes in the fixation points and the absolute scotoma corresponding to the base of MHs with chorioretinal atrophy. In two eyes, choroidal neovascularization developed beneath the transplanted retinas. CONCLUSION: Transplanted tissue was in a fixed position by 1 week postoperatively with a decreased diameter of the original MH. Postoperative fixation points were on the original retina at the MH edge. Because choroidal neovascularization may develop, detailed monitoring is required.

DOI： 10.1097/IAE.0000000000003000

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記述言語：英語   出版者・発行元：American Journal of Ophthalmology  

In the July 2020 issue, in incorrect reference was inadvertently switched with the correct reference. Reference 11 should read: Pinilla I, Idoipe M, Perdices L, et al. Changes in total and inner retinal thicknesses in type 1 diabetes with no retinopathy after 8 years of follow-up. Retina 2020; 40:1379–1386. The publisher would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.12.017

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DOI： 10.1097/ICB.0000000000001130

PubMed

記述言語：日本語  

Web of Science

記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1097/IAE.0000000000002760

PubMed

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology  

Purpose: To study the changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) and aqueous flare in eyes with multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) during the disease course. Study design: Retrospective observational study. Methods: Twenty-one patients with unilateral MEWDS were retrospectively evaluated. IOP values were compared between the affected and fellow eyes 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months following disease onset in 17 patients, and within 7 days from disease onset in 11 patients. Aqueous flare values measured using a laser flare-cell meter in ten eyes between 1 weeks and 1 month from disease onset were compared between the affected and fellow eyes. Results: IOP values were significantly lower in the affected eyes than in the fellow eyes at both 2 weeks (P=0.002) and 1 month from disease onset (P=0.02). However, IOP values of affected eyes did not show significant differences from the fellow eyes within 7 days ((P=0.11) and 3 months of onset (P=0.30). Aqueous flare values were significantly increased in the affected eyes compared to those in the fellow eyes (P=0.010) and significantly correlated with IOP values (r=−0.67, P=0.035). Conclusion: IOP values mildly decreased in association with aqueous flare values in the acute phase in eyes with MEWDS.

DOI： 10.1007/s10384-020-00738-z

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：American Journal of Ophthalmology  

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the association between changes in retinal layer thickness and perfusion status in the extramacular areas of eyes with diabetic retinopathy. Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Methods: The medical records of 70 eyes from 55 patients with diabetes were reviewed. The status of retinal perfusion in extramacular areas was evaluated using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography. Retinal layer thickness was measured in nonperfused areas (NPA) larger than 2 optic disc areas, areas of sparse capillaries (SC), and perfused areas (PA-DR) in eyes with diabetic retinopathy. Retinal layer thickness was also measured in perfused areas in eyes without diabetic retinopathy (PA-NDR), and the thicknesses were then compared. In addition, swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography images and retinal thickness maps were compared to investigate the distribution of retinal thickness changes and spatial relationships to areas of retinal perfusion. Results: The inner retinal thickness in NPA was significantly thinner than the inner retinal thicknesses in SC, PA-DR, and PA-NDR (all P < .001), and the inner retinal thickness in PA-NDR and SC was significantly thinner than that in PA-DR (P = .006 and .031, respectively). In a distribution analysis of the extramacular areas, NPA spatially overlapped with areas of severe retinal thinning in all locations. Local thickening with smooth shapes and gentle borders overlapped with areas of capillary abnormalities. Neovascularization was present at sites of local thickening with irregular shapes and unnatural clear borders. Conclusions: Changes in retinal layer thickness were associated with perfusion status, suggesting that retinal thickness maps can reflect perfusion status.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.03.019

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology  

Purpose: To evaluate macular shape in normal eyes using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Study design: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 77 normal eyes of 48 subjects. Curvature of retinal pitment epithelium (RPE) and choroid/scleral interface (CSI) was measured in vertical and horizontal SS-OCT 16-mm scanned images. After correcting the optical distortion of OCT images, curvatures of superior, central, and inferior sectors in the vertical scan, and temporal, central, and nasal sectors in the horizontal scan (each 4-mm length) were compared. Factors associated with overall RPE and CSI curvatures were investigated. Results: RPE and CSI curvatures of superior, central, and inferior sectors in the vertical scan were 16.6±3.1, 13.8±2.1, 17.7±3.2 and 17.8±3.0, 13.8±3.3, 18.4±3.3 (×10−5 μm−1), respectively. Central curvature was significantly flatter than superior and inferior curvatures in both RPE and CSI (all P<0.001). The RPE and CSI curvatures of temporal, central, and nasal sectors in the horizontal scan were 17.2±2.3, 15.2±2.5, 18.8±2.7 and 18.3±2.7, 16.7±2.9,14.4±2.9 (×10−5 μm−1), respectively. While central curvature was significantly flatter than nasal and temporal curvatures in RPE (P<0.001 and P=0.025), nasal curvature was significantly flatter than central and temporal curvatures (P=0.027 and P<0.001) in CSI. Overall CSI curvature was significantly associated with axial length (AL) (P<0.001), whereas overall RPE curvature was significantly associated with overall CSI curvature (P<0.001), choroidal thickness (P<0.001), and AL (P=0.038) Conclusions: This study revealed that RPE curvature is associated with CSI curvature, choroidal thickness, and AL, suggesting that choroidal and scleral structures affect macular RPE curvature.

DOI： 10.1007/s10384-020-00721-8

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：Retina  

Purpose: To study B-scan flow overlay and en face flow optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) images of Type 3 neovascularization (NV) and to characterize a staging system for Type 3 NV based on the OCT-A findings. Methods: We retrospectively collected data on consecutive treatment-naive eyes with Type 3 NV. All eyes underwent fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, structural spectral domain OCT, and OCT-A (AngioPlex). Localization and extension of abnormal flows detected by B-scan flow overlay and en face OCT-A images were assessed. Results: Of 24 eyes of 22 patients with Type 3 NV, B-scan flow overlay images showed that 4.2% had telangiectatic flow in the deep retinal layer without outer plexiform layer disruption (Stage 1), 8.3% had downward intraretinal flow and subretinal flow without retinal pigment epithelium disruption (Stage 2), and 87.5% had downward flow and retinal pigment epithelium disruption (Stage 3). Of the Stage 3 eyes, 95.2% showed flow signal penetrating at the site of the retinal pigment epithelium disruption on the B-scan flow overlay images. Conclusion: We showed the characteristics of Type 3 NV using B-scan flow overlay and en face OCT-A images. B-scan flow overlay OCT-A images seem useful to improve the detection and accurate diagnosis of Type 3 NV.

DOI： 10.1097/IAE.0000000000002357

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：Acta Ophthalmologica  

Purpose: Based on the hypothesis that silicone oil (SO) with a higher refractive index than water induces unexpected vignetting effects during surgeries, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the volume of SO and light intensity using a surgical microscope. Methods: Using a light-sensitive paper and model eye filled with varying volumes (0%, 50%, 62.5%, 75%, 87.5% and 100%) of SO, the light intensity of intraocular lens (IOL) with various refractive powers (0, 10 and 20 dioptres) illuminated by a surgical microscope was measured. Results: Light exposure density with 1.0% coaxial and oblique light was approximately 22-fold higher than that with 0.1% coaxial and oblique light. Further, it was approximately 34-fold higher in eyes with +20 D IOL than in those with no IOL. The density in eyes with 75% SO was the highest among all groups followed by that with 0% SO. Light exposure densities in the eyes with 75% and 0% SO were significantly higher than those with other volumes of SO. In SO-filled eyes, a microscope set with only an oblique light and a filter successfully reduced light exposure. Conclusion: Silicone oil-related vision loss (SORVL) during SO removal surgeries might be due to increased light exposure on the macular retina caused by the SO-associated vignetting effect. SORVL could be prevented by placing a filter in the microscope during SO removal surgeries.

DOI： 10.1111/aos.14038

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記述言語：日本語  

Web of Science

記述言語：日本語  

Web of Science

記述言語：日本語  

Web of Science

記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：PLoS ONE  

Purpose Vessel maturation is considered to proceed by pruning branches resulting in less branching vessels. This study investigated the vessel junction densities of type 1 and type 2 choroidal neovascularizations (CNVs) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods We collected consecutive data from treatment-naïve eyes diagnosed with typical age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The OCTA images with CNV were analyzed to calculate vessel areas, vessel lengths, and vessel junction densities. Results Of 60 eyes in 60 patients, type 1 CNV diagnoses had been made in 40 eyes, and type 2 CNV in 20 eyes. We found no significant difference in vessel areas between type 1 CNV and type 2 CNV (type 1 CNV, 0.44 ± 0.37 mm2; type 2 CNV, 0.37 ± 0.48 mm2), and no significant difference in vessel lengths (type 1 CNV, 18.24 ± 15.96 mm; type 2 CNV, 16.13 ± 21.45 mm). However, the vessel junction density of type 1 CNV was significantly lower than that of type 2 CNV by 16.0% (P = 0.008). Conclusion OCTA revealed that the vessel junction densities of type 1 CNVs were lower than those of type 2 CNVs, suggesting type 1 CNV vessels are more mature than type 2 CNV vessels.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0216304

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：Retina  

Purpose: To assess predictive factors and surgical outcomes for myopic traction maculopathy. Methods: This retrospective observational case study enrolled 73 patients who underwent vitrectomy for myopic traction maculopathy. The 79 eyes obtained from our study sample were divided into 4 types: Retinoschisis, lamellar macular hole (lamellar MH), foveal retinal detachment (FRD), and FRD + lamellar MH, or into 2 types according to the presence of FRD preoperatively. Dependent variables of interest were age, sex, pre- and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 6 months, and axial length. Results: All the four types showed moderately strong-to-strong positive correlations with pre- and postoperative BCVA (retinochisisi: R = 0.61; lamellar MH: R = 0.62; FRD: R = 0.51; FRD + lamellar MH; r = 0.83). Preoperative BCVA was associated with postoperative BCVA (P , 0.0001), but age, axial length, and the types of preoperative foveal status were not. Eyes with FRD had significantly worse pre- and postoperative BCVA than eyes without FRD (P = 0.036 and P = 0.046, respectively). Postoperative full-thickness macular holes developed in 5.1% of cases and in all types but retinoschisis. Conclusion: Preoperative visual acuity and the presence of FRD should be considered for surgical indication of myopic traction maculopathy.

DOI： 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001927

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：Ophthalmologica  

Purpose: To investigate the microvascular changes in choroidal neovascularization (CNV) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) during anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies. Methods: We retrospectively collected data on consecutive treatment-naïve eyes with typical age-related macular degeneration that initially received 3 aflibercept injections. OCTA was performed at baseline and at 1, 2, and 4 months of follow-up. The CNV images were analyzed using open-source software to assess vessel area and junction density. Results: Fifteen eyes of 15 patients were included. The mean vessel area at baseline was 0.50 ± 0.33 mm2; at 1, 2, and 4 months, the ratios of change in vessel area from baseline were 66.6 ± 38.8%, 80.5 ± 25.5%, and 94.0 ± 29.3%, respectively. The vessel area was significantly reduced at 1 month from that at baseline (p = 0.0015) but significantly increased at 4 months from that at 1 month (p = 0.011). The mean junction density was also significantly reduced from 4.70 ± 1.30/mm at baseline to 3.82 ± 1.06/mm at 1 month (p = 0.00084). However, junction density did not continue to decrease at 2 and 4 months. Conclusion: OCTA quantification revealed that CNV rebounded after repeat aflibercept injections despite shrinking in response to the first injection.

DOI： 10.1159/000487611

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