Faculty Profiles - OGAWA Kohei

Papers - OGAWA Kohei

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An Attitude of a Teleoperator Manipulating a Part of an Android’s Body Gets Close to an Attitude the Android Autonomously Expresses

Tomonori Kubota, Kohei Ogawa, Yuichiro Yoshikawa, Hiroshi Ishiguro

2019.1

Can a Humanoid Robot Engage in Heartwarming Interaction Service at a Hotel? Reviewed

Junya Nakanishi, Itaru Kuramoto, Jun Baba, Ogawa Kohei, Yuichiro Yoshikawa, Hiroshi Ishiguro

Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Human-Agent Interaction 2018.12

AIがもたらすつながり市民サービスとしての対話システム

冨永善視, 小川浩平, 田中秀樹, 石黒浩

行政&情報システム Vol. 54 ( 6 ) page： 34-38 2018.12

Improvement of Japanese adults’ English speaking skills via experiences speaking to a robot, Journal of Computer Assisted Learning Reviewed

Takamasa Iio, Ryota Maeda, Kohei Ogawa, Yuichiro Yoshikawa, Hiroshi Ishiguro, Kaori Suzuki, Tomohiro Aoki, Miharu Maesaki, Mika Hama

Journal of Computer Assisted Learning Vol. 35 ( 2 ) 2018.11

Improving Teacher–Student Communication During Lectures Using a Robot and an Online Messaging/Voting System Reviewed

Oskar Palinko, Jiro Shimaya, Nobuhiro Jinnai, Kohei Ogawa, Yuichiro Yoshikawa, Hiroshi Ishiguro

2018.8

意思決定時の自己決定感を維持向上させるためのエージェント間対話の周辺提示による情報推薦

前田健太郎, 中西惇也, 馬場惇, 倉本到, 小川浩平, 吉川雄一郎, 石黒浩

2018.6

At the department store-can androids be salespeople in the real world?

Miki Watanabe, Kohei Ogawa, Hiroshi Ishiguro

Geminoid Studies: Science and Technologies for Humanlike Teleoperated Androids page： 429 - 439 2018.4

Language：English Publishing type：Part of collection (book) Publisher：Springer Singapore

The roles of robots in the real world have become more diverse according to the bodily properties with which they are endowed. In this study, we aimed to determine the roles that androids, the bodily properties of which resemble those of humans, could serve in the real world. Selling and purchasing are common human activities. Therefore, we propose the use of an android as a salesperson utilizing cognitive and affective strategies that exploit the advantages of online- and counterselling methods. We conducted a field study to investigate whether androids can sell goods in a department store. The results show that the sales strategies were effective and that over 10 days the android sold 43 sweaters that cost approximately $100 each. These results provide important knowledge for determining how androids may fill new roles and communicate with humans in the real world.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-10-8702-8_28

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Effect of perspective change on body ownership transfer

Kohei Ogawa, Koichi Taura, Shuichi Nishio, Hiroshi Ishiguro

Geminoid Studies: Science and Technologies for Humanlike Teleoperated Androids page： 305 - 316 2018.4

Language：English Publishing type：Part of collection (book) Publisher：Springer Singapore

We previously investigated body ownership transfer to a teleoperated android body caused by motion synchronization between the robot and its operator. Although visual feedback is the only information provided from the robot side, as a result of body ownership transfer, some operators feel as if they are touched when the robot's body is touched. This illusion can help operators transfer their presence to the robotic body during teleoperation. By enhancing this phenomenon, we can improve the communication interface and the quality of the interaction between the operator and interlocutor. In this study, we examined the effect of a change in the operator's perspective on the body ownership transfer during teleoperation. According to the results of past studies on the rubber hand illusion (RHI), we hypothesized that a perspective change would suppress the body owner transfer. Our results, however, showed that under any perspective condition, the participants felt the body ownership transfer. This shows that its generation process differs for teleoperated androids and the RHI.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-10-8702-8_19

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Do robot appearance and speech affect people's attitude? Evaluation through the ultimatum game

Shuichi Nishio, Kohei Ogawa, Yasuhiro Kanakogi, Shoji Itakura, Hiroshi Ishiguro

Geminoid Studies: Science and Technologies for Humanlike Teleoperated Androids page： 263 - 277 2018.4

Language：English Publishing type：Part of collection (book) Publisher：Springer Singapore

In this study, we examined the factors that influence humans recognition of robots as social beings. Participants took part in sessions of the Ultimatum Game, a procedure frequently used in the fields of both economics and social psychology for examining peoples' attitudes toward others. In the experiment, several agents having different appearances were used, and speech stimuli, which were expected to induce a mentalizing effect on the participants' attitude toward the agents, were utilized. The results show that, while appearance per se did not elicit a significant difference in the participants attitudes, the mentalizing stimuli affected their attitudes in different fashions, depending on the robots' appearance. These results showed that elements such as a simple conversation with an agent and the agents' appearance are important factors that cause people to treat robots in a more humanlike fashion and as social beings.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-10-8702-8_16

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Body ownership transfer to a teleoperated android

Shuichi Nishio, Tetsuya Watanabe, Kohei Ogawa, Hiroshi Ishiguro

Geminoid Studies: Science and Technologies for Humanlike Teleoperated Androids page： 293 - 303 2018.4

Language：English Publishing type：Part of collection (book) Publisher：Springer Singapore

Teleoperators of android robots occasionally feel as if the robotic bodies are extensions of their own bodies. When others touch the android that they are teleoperating, even without tactile feedback, some operators feel as if they themselves have been touched. In the past, a similar phenomenon named the "Rubber Hand Illusion" was studied because it reflects the three-way interaction between vision, touch, and proprioception. In this study, we examined whether a similar three-way interaction occurs when the tactile sensation is replaced with android robot teleoperation. The results show that when the operator and the android motions are synchronized, operators feel as if their sense of body ownership is transferred to the android robot.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-10-8702-8_18

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At the theater-possibilities of androids as poetry-reciting agents

Kohei Ogawa, Hiroshi Ishiguro

Geminoid Studies: Science and Technologies for Humanlike Teleoperated Androids page： 455 - 466 2018.4

Language：English Publishing type：Part of collection (book) Publisher：Springer Singapore

In recent years, research on very humanlike androids has increased, in general investigating the following: (1) the manner in which people treat these very humanlike androids and (2) whether it is possible to replace existing communication media, such as telephones or TV conference systems, with androids as a communication medium. We found that androids have advantages over humans in specific contexts. For example, in a collaborative theatrical project between artists and androids, audiences were impressed by the androids that read poetry. We therefore experimentally compared androids and humans in a poetry-reciting context by conducting an experiment to illustrate the influence of an android who recited poetry. Participants listened to poetry that was read by three poetry-reciting agents: An android, a human model on which the android was based, and a box. The experimental results show that the participants scored their enjoyment of the poetry highest under the android condition, indicating that the android has an advantage for communicating the meaning of poetry.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-10-8702-8_30

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At the theater-designing robot behavior in conversations based on contemporary colloquial theatre theory

Kohei Ogawa, Takenobu Chikaraishi, Yuichiro Yoshikawa, Oriza Hirata, Hiroshi Ishiguro

Geminoid Studies: Science and Technologies for Humanlike Teleoperated Androids page： 441 - 454 2018.4

Language：English Publishing type：Part of collection (book) Publisher：Springer Singapore

The design of humanlike behavior for a robot that interacts with humans remains a central issue in the human-robot interaction (HRI) field because of humans sensitivity to humanlike objects. This issue is very challenging, because humanlikeness is an important factor in designing better interactions, since an imperfect design can easily cause negative impressions, as reflected by the uncanny valley phenomenon. This paper addresses this issue using a novel approach that utilizes implicit know-how for performing on stage dedicated to the stage representation of human beings. Contemporary colloquial theatre theory (CCTT), which is a theory applied in a method of directing plays, is appropriate for this purpose, since its reality-oriented instructions are directly applicable to improving robot behavior. In this paper, we report a case study involving the performance of a play in which both humans and a robot played roles. The play in our study was evaluated by the audiences of public performances in Japan. We also report a detailed analysis of HRI or human-human-robot interaction in comparable short plays. Our analysis implies that the robots utterances and motion timings should be tuned according to the situation. In future work, a motion capture system will be applied to obtain more precise data and more useful knowledge.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-10-8702-8_29

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Can an android persuade you?

Kohei Ogawa, Christoph Bartneck, Daisuke Sakamoto, Takayuki Kanda, Tetsuo Ono, Hiroshi Ishiguro

Geminoid Studies: Science and Technologies for Humanlike Teleoperated Androids page： 235-247 2018.4

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018. The first robotic copies of real humans have become available. They enable their users to be physically present in multiple locations simultaneously. This study investigates the influence that the embodiment of an agent has on its persuasiveness and its perceived personality. Is a robotic copy as persuasive as its human counterpart? Does it have the same personality? We performed an experiment in which the embodiment of the agent was the independent variable and the persuasiveness and perceived personality were the dependent measurements. The persuasive agent advertised a Bluetooth headset. The results show that an android is perceived as being as persuasive as a real human or a video recording of a real human. The personality of the participant had a considerable influence on the measurements. Participants who were more open to new experiences rated the persuasive agent lower on agreeableness and extroversion. They were also more willing to spend money on the advertised product.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-10-8702-8_14

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ロボットの情動的かつ社会的表情による人の親密さの強化 Reviewed

田中一晶, 小山直毅, 小川浩平, 石黒浩

情報処理学会論文誌 Vol. 59 ( 2 ) page： 622 - 632 2018.2

音楽による操作者と移動ロボットとの一体感の創出 Reviewed

小原宗一郎, 田中一晶, 小川浩平, 吉川雄一郎, 石黒浩, 岡夏樹

インタラクション2018 page： 106 - 114 2018.2

Implementation and Evaluation of Chat-oriented Dialogue System for an Android Robot in Live Streaming Media in Which Users Can Speak at Any Time Reviewed

Kubota Tomonori, Ogawa Kohei, Ishiguro Hiroshi

Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence Vol. 33 ( 1 ) page： 1 - 13 2018.1

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：The Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence

<p>In this study, we developed and evaluated a dialogue system which enables an android robot to have a chat with users on Niconico Live provided by Dwango Co., Ltd. which is a live streaming service. In Niconico Live, broadcasters can talk to users who write comments displayed on the video stream. Therefore, by using Niconico Live chat, we eliminated speech recognition errors which can occur during speech conversations. In addition, the dialogue system can keep consistency of conversation by selecting the comment to which it can correctly respond because many comments are shown simultaneously on the video stream. The dialogue system was designed as a retrieval-based one which finds the appropriate response to user's utterance from a dialogue corpus. Therefore, we collected a dialogue corpus containing 4,460 pairs of comments and robot responses by teleoperating the android robot talking with users, as a first step. In the next step, we completed the dialogue system on Niconico Live integrating the dialogue corpus into it. To evaluate the performance of the dialogue system, we recorded the conversation between the android and users while running the designed system. After that, we showed the recorded conversation to evaluators and asked them how they feel about the naturalness and consistency of the conversation. Results of the experiment indicate that Niconico Live users perceived the responses of the dialogue system to be natural and found the chat with the android entertaining. Through this study, we demonstrated the applicability of the dialogue system on Niconico Live. However, it is difficult to discuss its effectiveness when applying it to other situations or other communication media such as a humanoid robot or a virtual agent. Therefore, as a future work, conducting a comparative experiment might lead to better understanding of the effectiveness of the dialogue system for androids.</p>

DOI： 10.1527/tjsai.DSH-G

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テキストチャットによるクレーム対応における話者の怒り感情を抑制する対話エージェント

倉本到, 馬場惇, 小川浩平, 吉川雄一郎, 川端貴幸, 石黒浩

page： 1 - 8 2018.1

Recommendation by peripheral representation of conservation of agents for improving self-determination sense in decision making Reviewed

Kentaro MAEDA, Junya NAKANISHI, Jun BABA, Itaru KURAMOTO, Kohei OGAWA, Yuichiro YOSHIKAWA, Hiroshi ISHIGURO

The Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) Vol. 2018 ( 0 ) page： 2A1 - C14 2018

How should a robot interrupt a conversation between multiple humans

Oskar Palinko, Kohei Ogawa, Yuichiro Yoshikawa, Hiroshi Ishiguro

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) Vol. 11357 page： 149 - 159 2018

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings) Publisher：Springer Verlag

This paper addresses the question of how and when a robot should interrupt a meeting-style conversation between humans. First, we observed one-to-one human-human conversations. We then employed raters to estimate how easy it was to interrupt each participant in the video. At the same time, we gathered behavioral information about the collocutors (presence of speech, head pose and gaze direction). After establishing that the raters’ ratings were similar, we trained a neural network with the behavioral data as input and the interruptibility measure as output of the system. Once we validated the similarity between the output of our estimator and the actual interruptiblitiy ratings, we proceeded to implement this system on our desktop social robot, CommU. We then used CommU in a human-robot interaction environment, to investigate how the robot should barge-in into a conversation between multiple humans. We compared different approaches to interruption and found that users liked the interruptibility estimation system better than a baseline system which doesn’t pay attention to the state of the speakers. They also preferred the robot to give advance non-verbal notifications of its intention to speak.

DOI： 10.1007/978-3-030-05204-1_15

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Creation and staging of android theatre "Sayonara" towards developing highly human-like robots Reviewed

Takenobu Chikaraishi, Yuichiro Yoshikawa, Kohei Ogawa, Oriza Hirata, Hiroshi Ishiguro

Future Internet Vol. 9 ( 4 ) page： 1 - 17 2017.11

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：MDPI AG

Even after long-term exposures, androids with a strikingly human-like appearance evoke unnatural feelings. The behavior that would induce human-like feelings after long exposures is difficult to determine, and it often depends on the cultural background of the observers. Therefore, in this study, we generate an acting performance system for the android, in which an android and a human interact in a stage play in the real world. We adopt the theatrical theory called Contemporary Colloquial Theatre Theory to give the android natural behaviors so that audiences can comfortably observe it even after long-minute exposure. A stage play is created and shown in various locations, and the audiences are requested to report their impressions of the stage and their cultural and psychological backgrounds in a self-evaluating questionnaire. Overall analysis indicates that the audience had positive feelings, in terms of attractiveness, towards the android on the stage even after 20 min of exposure. The singularly high acceptance of the android by Japanese audiences seems to be correlated with a high animism tendency, rather than to empathy. We also discuss how the stage play approach is limited and could be extended to contribute to realization of human-robot interaction in the real world.

DOI： 10.3390/fi9040075

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Papers - OGAWA Kohei