記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Carbon  

Developing an effective method for synthesizing high-performance and durable catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction is of great importance for cost reduction and the wide application of fuel cells. This study presents a simple and effective strategy using a plasma reaction in the liquid phase to synthesize carbon-shell-encapsulated Pt and PtFe catalysts. A carbon-shell-encapsulated PtFe catalyst alloyed with up to 29 at.% Fe exhibits a mass activity of 730 mA·mgpt−1 and a specific activity of 1772 μA cm−1, which are 2.4 and 5 times higher than that of commercial Pt/C, respectively. The carbon shell effectively maintained the low oxidation state of Pt by suppressing the formation of Pt–OH and significantly improved the durability of the catalyst in accelerated durability tests, increasing the gap in mass activity with Pt/C by a factor of up to six after 50,000 cycles. In addition, the decrease in the electrochemical surface area by the carbon shell enabled a more stable 4-electron reaction over a wide potential range. This study may provide fascinating insights into the effect of the carbon shell contributing to the improvement of the catalytic activity and durability of fuel cells as well as the novel plasma-based synthesis strategy of core-shell catalyst.

DOI： 10.1016/j.carbon.2023.118364

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ACS Applied Energy Materials  

Electrochemical reduction of CO2comprising the CO2reduction reactuib (CO2RR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is one of the most promising technologies for electrification of the chemical process industry. Here, the performance of a electrocatalyst with a three-dimensional structure of InZnCu on Cu foam (CF) is presented. This electrocatalyst was fabricated by electrodeposition of In and Zn over Cu and exhibited a superior reduction of CO2to CO at a Faradaic efficiency of 93.7% at -0.7 V and an excellently long duration of 100 h. Due to the synergy of the thin In layer, the Zn nanosheets provided a high surface-active area and strong mechanical robustness during the reaction. Additionally, a two-electrode system was constructed based on the CF-modified surface, which provided valuable guidelines on the overall CO2RR-OER system for further evolution. Furthermore, due to the facile synthesis, the bimetal-layer double hydroxide (LDH) exhibited high conductivity and high OER performance. Hence, the two-electrode system assembled excellent electrocatalysts for the CO2RR-OER (InZnCu/CF||Cu(OH)2NWs@NiCo-LDH/CF) with high conversions of CO2to CO of 67% and 88% at 2 and 50 mA cm-2, respectively. Notably, the CO2RR-OER system exhibited excellent stability in a 40 h CO2conversion with a constant current density of 2 mA cm-2at an ultralow voltage of 1.59 V. Moreover, the calculation of the energy input converting CO per ton of CO2resulted in a low energy input range for further development in scalability. This overall CO2RR-OER proposes development in electrochemical CO2reduction for industrial applications.

DOI： 10.1021/acsaem.2c01564

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担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

担当区分：筆頭著者   掲載種別：研究論文（大学，研究機関等紀要）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（大学，研究機関等紀要）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1149/2.0491605jes

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記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（研究会，シンポジウム資料等）  

DOI： https://doi.org/10.11316/jpsgaiyo.69.2.4.0_522_1

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（大学，研究機関等紀要）  

その他リンク： https://www.tytlabs.co.jp/en/review/issue/files/454_059fujita.pdf

担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1149/05801.0253ecst

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1021/cm303950u

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Journal of Physical Chemistry C  

Highly dense sulfonic acid-functionalized mesoporous electrolytes with high proton conductivity under dry conditions were prepared using tetramethoxysilane and 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane in the presence of surfactants. Impedance spectroscopy and quasielastic neutron scattering measurements showed that the proton conductive properties of the mesoporous electrolytes depended significantly on the sulfonic acid densities on the surface of the mesoporous walls. This finding was also supported by molecular dynamics simulations. The proton conductivity of the mesoporous electrolyte with the highest acid density of 3.1 SO3H molecules/nm2 showed a value of 0.3 mS/cm at 433 K even under dry conditions. This value was higher than that for Nafion by about 2 orders of magnitude. Such high proton conductivity is thought to be induced by proton hopping in the hydrogen-bonded networks that were predominantly formed by neighboring sulfonic acid groups. © 2013 American Chemical Society.

DOI： 10.1021/jp307058s

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Polymer Journal  

A nylon 6-clay hybrid (nanocomposite, NCH) was developed by Toyota CRDL group. In the NCH, the silicate layers of clay mineral are dispersed on a nanometer level and are strongly interacted with the matrix, and then significant improvements in the mechanical properties of the material or the discovery of unexpected new properties were realized. Polypropylene (PP) is the most widely used polymer, and then an appearance of a PP-clay nanocomposite has been desired for a long time. As a PP does not include any polar groups in its backbone, it was thought that the homogeneous dispersion of the silicate layers would not be realized. But we have developed successfully PP-clay nanocomposite using organoclay and modified PP. That is, organophilic clay, PP oligomer carrying polar groups and PP were melt-blended. This is a direct polymer intercalation process for preparing polymer nanocomposites by melt compounding, a useful process from an industrial standpoint. We have also developed successfully other polyolefin polymers (polyethylene), polyolefin rubbers (ethylene-propylene elastomer, ethylene-propylene diene monomer) and nanocomposites by this direct polymer intercalation process or by techniques based on direct polymer intercalation process. These prepared polyolefin nanocomposites exhibit superior mechanical, thermal and gas barrier properties. © The Society of Polymer Science, Japan (SPSJ) All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1038/pj.2011.44

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記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（研究会，シンポジウム資料等）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces and Films  

The angular distributions of elemental composition of films prepared by laser ablation of perovskite oxide SrZrO3 have been investigated using electron probe microanalysis with wavelength-dispersive spectroscopy. Each constituent element showed two modal distribution composed of a broad cos m θ (m=2-3) distribution and a sharp cosn θ (n=8-23) distribution. Oxygen showed a broader distribution than that of Sr and Zr. At the polar angle close to surface normal direction (polar angle <12°), Zr concentration was higher than that of Sr in vacuum whereas in oxygen-containing atmosphere their concentrations were about the same. Below oxygen pressure of 1.3 Pa, Sr and Zr concentration increased and decreased with the increase in polar angle, respectively, whereas in oxygen partial pressure of 10 Pa, both elements showed no angular dependences. Broadening of angular distribution of all the elements was observed when deposition was performed under oxygen partial pressure of 10 Pa, which is considered to be caused by collisional scatterings of more than ten times with ambient gas molecules. © 2008 American Vacuum Society.

DOI： 10.1116/1.2987952

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1149/1.2982036

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ECS Transactions  

DOI： 10.1149/1.2982012

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担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

DOI： 10.1149/1.2780972

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）  

DOI： 10.1149/MA2005-02/33/1185

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1002/pola.10961

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/S0016-2361(02)00164-3

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Macromolecular Materials and Engineering  

A novel and general approach to prepare polyolefin-clay hybrids by using the maleic anhydride modified polyolefins and organophilic clay during melt-blending was reported. The silicate layers of the clay were exfoliated and homogeneously dispersed at the monolayers in the hybrids. The hybrids exhibited remarkable reinforcement compared to conventional composites filled with talc which were dispersed at micrometer level.

DOI： 10.1002/1439-2054(20000801)280:1<76::aid-mame76>3.0.co;2-#

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記述言語：英語  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4628(19991227)74:14<3359::AID-APP9>3.0.CO;2-2

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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記述言語：英語  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/S0928-4931(98)00045-9

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1021/ma961786h

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記述言語：英語  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Liquid Crystals  

Novel liquid crystalline composites composed of a nematic two-frequency-addressing liquid crystal and organized clay mineral (about 1 wt %) have been prepared. The particles of clay mineral were dispersed homogeneously in the liquid crystal. The composite cells became transparent within 50ms when a 60 Hz electric field was applied. The transparent state was maintained after the field was switched off. It transformed into a turbid light scattering state by applying 1.5kHz electric field which caused dynamic scattering in the cell. The light transmittance of both memory states did not change after 20 h without the electric field. © 2006 Taylor & Francis.

DOI： 10.1080/02678299608032892

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記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（研究会，シンポジウム資料等）   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本液晶学会  

A memory type PDLC have been prepared by sandwiching a mixture of two-frequency-addressing liquid crystals and acrylate monomers with hydoroxy group between two glass substrates with ITO electrodes followed by the UV irradiation. This PDLC can be electrically switched between the transparent state and the light scattering state, which are maintained over months without electric field. This PDLC exhibited a polymer ball morphology according to SEM observation.

DOI： 10.11538/ekitouyokou.22.0_399

CiNii Research

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（研究会，シンポジウム資料等）   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本液晶学会  

The novel liquid crystalline composites cell based on a nematic two-frequency-driving liquid crystal and organized clay exhibited reversible and bistable electro-optic effects between the transparent and light scattering states. In this paper, the factors affecting the electro-optic effect of the composites were investigated. The wettability of the liquid crystal on the organized clay strongly affected to their memory capability. The memory effect decreased drastically with decreasing the clay content in the composites with clay content below 1 wt.%. Not only the composites themselves but also the treatment of the substrates affected to the electro-optic effect. The treatment for the homogeneous alignment gave the better memory effect for the transparent state.

DOI： 10.11538/ekitouyokou.22.0_397

CiNii Research

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：公益社団法人 高分子学会  

DOI： 10.1295/kobunshi.45.729

CiNii Research

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1080/10587259608042236

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記述言語：英語  

担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1557/PROC-425-311

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Liquid Crystals  

A memory type PDLC has been prepared by sandwiching a mixture of two-frequencyaddressing liquid crystals and acrylate monomers with a hydoroxy group between two glass substrates with IT0 electrodes followed by UV irradiation. This PDLC can be electrically switched between a transparent state and a light scattering state, which are maintained over several months without electric fields. © 2006 Taylor & Francis.

DOI： 10.1080/02678299608032890

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics  

Nylon 6‐clay hybrid (NCH) is a molecular composite of Nylon 6 and uniformly dispersed silicate monolayers of montmorillonite. In this study the preferred orientation of montmorillonite and Nylon‐6 crystallites in a thick (3 mm) injection‐molded bar of NCH has been investigated using x‐ray diffraction and electron micrography (TEM). It is clear that this bar has a triple layer structure consisting of surface, intermediate, and middle layers which have different preferred orientation. In the surface layer both the silicate monolayers and the chain axes of Nylon‐6 crystallites are parallel to the bar surface though the latter are randomly oriented within the plane. In the intermediate layer the silicate monolayers remain parallel to the bar surface but the Nylon‐6 crystallites rotate by 90° so that the chain axes would be perpendicular to the bar surface or the silicate monolayers. In the middle layer the silicate monolayers are randomly oriented around the flow axis of the NCH bar while remaining parallel to it, and the Nylon crystallites are randomly oriented around the flow axis while keeping their chain axes perpendicular to the silicate monolayers. It may be concluded that such preferred orientation of Nylon 6 crystallites is induced by the clay because the crystallites in the pure Nylon 6 bar have no preferred orientation. ©1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Copyright © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

DOI： 10.1002/polb.1995.090330707

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Journal of Applied Polymer Science  

We synthesized nylon 6‐clay hybrid materials using four types of clay minerals, montmorillonite, saponite, hectrite, and synthetic mica. The mechanical properties of their injection molded specimens were measured according to ASTM. Nylon 6‐clay hybrid using montmorillonite was superior to the other hybrids in mechanical properties. This might result from the difference in the interaction between nylon molecules and silicates in the hybrids. To clarify this hypothesis, we synthesized intercalated compounds of the clay minerals with glycine as the model of the hybrids, and analyzed the interaction using 15N cross polarization magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) NMR spectroscopy. The 15N‐NMR result reveals that the positive charge density on the nitrogen of the intercalated compound based on montmorillonite was largest in all the intercalated compounds. It was suggested that montmorillonite interacted strongly with nylon 6 by ionic interaction. This ionic interaction was one of the reasons why these hybrid materials had superior mechanical properties. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Copyright © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

DOI： 10.1002/app.1995.070550113

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：公益社団法人 高分子学会  

DOI： 10.1295/kobunshi.44.448

CiNii Research

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：公益社団法人 高分子学会  

今までに, 12-アミノラウリン酸で有機化した粘土を用い, その層間でカプロラクタムを重合し, 粘土のシリケート層が1層ごとはく離して均一に分散したナイロン6-粘土ハイブリッド (NCH) を合成した. 今回, NCHの重合時に, ジアミンを添加することにより, ナイロン6中にシリケート層が数層積層して分散した新しいハイブリッド材料が合成できた. これをジァミン変性NCHと呼ぶ. ジァミン変性NCHの力学的性質は従来のNCHに比べ, 強度, 弾性率はやや低下するが, 伸びと衝撃強度が大幅に向上した. これはNCHの合成時に, 粘土のシリケート層が, ジアミンから生成したジアンモニウムイオンで架橋して積層し, この状態でナイロン6中に分散したためと考えられる. そのためジアミン変性NCHでは, シリケート層とナイロン6の界面が減少し, 双方のイオン相互作用が低下することにより, ハイブリッド材料の強度, 弾性率が低下したと考察した.

DOI： 10.1295/koron.52.440

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記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：KOBUNSHI RONBUNSHU  

The molecular structure of nylon in nylon 6-clay hybrid (NCH), in which clay silicates were dispersed uniformly, was analyzed using a field desorption mass spectrometer. The main peaks of fragment ions from the mass spectrum of NCH, were classified into ion groups. Two possible molecular structures of NCH were postulated supposing different locations of the copolymerized nylon 12 monomer unit (12-aminolauric acid) which was intercalated in the clay prior to the polymerization to enhance the miscibility between the clay and nylon 6. We compared the experimental fragment ion groups with those from the expected structures. From these results, it became clear that nylon 12 monomer units did not exist only at the end of nylon 6, but also occur randomly along the nylon 6 main chain. NCH without having any 12-aminolauric acid units was proved to have improved thermal properties. © 1995, The Society of Polymer Science, Japan. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1295/koron.52.299

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1002/polb.1994.090320404

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記述言語：英語  

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1002/app.1993.070490715

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry  

Nylon 6–clay hybrid is a molecular composite of nylon 6 and uniformly dispersed silicate layers of montmorillonite. One‐pot synthesis of the hybrid was carried out by the following procedures. Montmorillonite was dispersed in water, and then ε‐caprolactam, acid (phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, benzenesulfonic acid, isophthalic acid, trichloroacetic acid, or acetic acid), and 6‐aminocaproic acid were added to the dispersion. The mixtures were reacted at 260°C for 6 h, yielding the nylon 6–clay hybrids (1potNCHs). X‐ray diffraction revealed that the silicate layers of 1potNCH by phosphoric acid were uniformly dispersed in the nylon 6 matrix. The 1potNCH had excellent mechanical properties. The strength and the modulus of the hybrid increased compared with previously reported nylon 6–clay hybrid (NCH) synthesized by montmorillonite intercalated with 12‐aminolauric acid. The heat distortion temperature (HDT) of the 1potNCH was 160°C, which was 8°C higher than that of NCH. In other 1potNCHs, montmorillonite had a smaller effect on the increase of those properties, and interlayer spacing of montmorillonite was observed at ca. 20 Å. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Copyright © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

DOI： 10.1002/pola.1993.080310714

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1557/JMR.1993.1185

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1557/JMR.1993.1174

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1557/JMR.1993.1179

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry  

It was found that montmorillonite was intercalated with ϵ‐caprolactam. X‐ray diffraction revealed that the chain axes of the ϵ‐caprolactam were parallel to the montmorillonite plates. The intercalated montmorillonite was swollen by molten ϵ‐caprolactam at 200°C. ϵ‐Caprolactam and 6‐aminocaproic acid (accelerator) were polymerized with the intercalated montmorillonite at 260°C for 6 h, yielding a nylon 6‐clay hybrid. X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron micrography revealed that the silicate layers of the hybrid were uniformly dispersed in the nylon 6 matrix. Mechanical properties of the hybrid were improved. The strength and the modulus of the hybrid increased compared with the previously reported nylon 6 clay‐hybrid (NCH) synthesized by montmorillonite intercalated with 12‐aminolauric acid. The heat distortion temperature (HDT) of the hybrid was 164°C, which was 12°C higher than that of NCH. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Copyright © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

DOI： 10.1002/pola.1993.080310418

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記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：マテリアルライフ学会  

ナイロン6-粘土ハイブリッド (NCH) とはナイロン6と層状粘土鉱物であるモンモリロナイト単位結晶層との分子複合材であり、ナイロン6に比べ強さ、弾性率、熱変形温度に優れている。このNCHをフィルムに成形し、ガスバリア性の評価を行った。NCHフィルム中でモンモリロナイト単位結晶層は面配向しており、その結晶化度はナイロン6に比べやや高い値を示した。モンモリロナイト量がわずか0.74vol%のNCHの気体透過係数はナイロン6の70%以下となり、ガスバリア性に優れていた。このNCHのガスバリア性はモンモリロナイト量の増加に伴い大きくなり、モンモリロナイト単位結晶層の面配向に基づく曲路率の増大によって説明できた。

DOI： 10.11338/mls1989.5.13

CiNii Research

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人 日本液晶学会  

DOI： 10.11538/ekitouyokou.19.0_208

CiNii Research

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（大学，研究機関等紀要）  

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：英語  

記述言語：英語  

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記述言語：英語  

記述言語：英語  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Journal of Applied Polymer Science  

High‐resolution 13C‐NMR spectra were studied for two different crystalline structures of nylon 6 in the solid state by the cross polarization/magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) method. Two crystalline structures, α‐form and γ‐form, gave different chemical shifts for methylene carbons. The results showed that the hydrogen bonds between intermolecular chains are stronger in the γ‐form than in the α‐form. This strongly supports the results of the X‐ray study of nylon 6 by Malta et al. Our results also showed that interamolecular delocalization of positive charges occurs in the γ‐form through hyperconjugation in which the dihedral angle between the π bond and neighboring σ bonds is 30° while no such effect can be expected in the α‐form in which the angle is 0°. Copyright © 1989 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

DOI： 10.1002/app.1989.070370519

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1180/claymin.1988.023.1.03

Web of Science

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Polymer Journal  

Vinylbenzyl-type polyamide macromers (1) of various average molecular weights (Mn; 3900, 5400, and 8400) were prepared by the anionic ring-opening polymerization of a bicyclic oxalactam, 8-oxa-6-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-7-one (abbreviated as BOL, 2) followed by a reaction with p-vinylbenzylamine. The relative reactivity of the macromer (M1) in the radical copolymerization with styrene (M2) was found to be lower than that of p-methylstyrene from the estimation of the reciprocal monomer reactivity ratio (1/r2). The resulting graft copolymer composed of a polystyrene stock and polyamide branches was characterized by structural analysis, solubility test, and determination of moisture sorption. Two kinds of transparent binary blend films, which were i) the graft copolymer and homopolystyrene and ii) the graft copolymer and polyBOL, were cast on a glass plate from the corresponding chloroform and chloroform-methanol (9:1) solutions, respectively. In the case of the former film comprising mainly polystyrene, the hydrophilic polyamide segment of the graft copolymer as a really minor component was found to be located on the glass-side surface from the contact angle measurement and the attenuated total reflection-infrared spectroscopy. © 1985 The Society of Polymer Science, Japan.

DOI： 10.1295/polymj.17.1045

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Scopus

CiNii Research

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Polymer Bulletin  

A new polyamide macromer having a vinylbenzyl end group (1), of which molecular weight was 3700-3800, was prepared by the anionic polymerization of bicyclic oxalactam (2) followed by the reaction with p-vinylbenzylamine. Its radical copolymerization with styrene was conducted to obtain a novel graft copolymer consisting of a polystyrene stock-chain and hydrophilic polyamide branches. © 1984 Springer-Verlag.

DOI： 10.1007/BF00258018

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