研究者詳細 - 西堀　正洋

論文 - 西堀　正洋

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Superselective Angiography of Vasa Vasorum Within Partially Thrombosed Vertebral Aneurysm: A Case Report

Kawasaki, Y; Izumi, T; Nishihori, M; Goto, S; Araki, Y; Yokoyama, K; Saito, R

NEUROSURGERY 96 巻 ( 3 ) 頁： e52 - e57 2025年3月

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：Neurosurgery

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:Partially thrombosed vertebral artery aneurysms (PTVAs) are rare, most of which are not easy to treat. Furthermore, endovascular treatment of PTVAs may not have favorable outcomes. The relationship between PTVAs and well-developed vasa vasorum (VV), including the mechanism of aneurysm growth, has been reported, but there are no reports of imaging findings by digital subtraction angiography (DSA). In this case, we successfully performed superselective angiography of well-developed VV and evaluated its imaging characteristics. We present the first DSA report of a well-developed VV of PTVA.CLINICAL PRESENTATION:A 54-year-old patient presented with a PTVA that exerted a mass effect on the medulla oblongata. The aneurysm had no cavity due to thrombosis. The 3-dimensional DSA images indicated VV. Superselective angiography of the VV indicated staining of the thrombosed aneurysm and draining into the suboccipital cavernous sinus through the venous VV. Thus, VV embolization with n-butyl cyanoacrylate was performed. After 3 months, the contrast effect of the aneurysm on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging disappeared and aneurysm shrinkage was observed.CONCLUSION:We successfully identified a VV within PTVA. Superselective VV angiography showed staining of the thrombosed component and venous return draining into the suboccipital cavernous sinus. In this case, the embolization of the VV proved to be an effective endovascular treatment of PTVA, but the safety of this method is a challenge. Further case studies are required to validate this method, and we hope it will evolve into a new treatment of PTVA.

DOI： 10.1227/neu.0000000000003115

Postoperative fragmentation and distal migration of Carotid Stent in vascular Eagle Syndrome☆ Open Access

Nishihori, M; Izumi, T; Goto, S; Muraoka, S; Kogame, H; Saito, R

JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES 34 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： 108202 2025年2月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases

Objectives: Vascular Eagle syndrome (ES) is a rare condition involving vessel compression by an elongated styloid process, leading to neurologic symptoms. Here, we present the case of a patient with a complication of carotid artery stenting for vascular ES and discuss the implications of treatment of this rare condition. Case description: A 35-year-old previously healthy male patient presented with transient aphasia and right-sided hemiparesis following ischemic stroke in left frontal lobe. Digital subtraction angiography revealed a large aneurysm with stenosis of the left cervical internal carotid artery, and computed tomography (CT) demonstrated elongated ipsilateral styloid process. Progressive aneurysm enlargement required coil embolization and carotid artery stenting (CAS). Cervical X-ray obtained 1 year later revealed the fracture and fragmentation of the carotid stent. Imaging studies identified multiple stent fragments dispersed in distal arteries and a dissecting aneurysm with an irregular wall at the site of the stent site. Dynamic cone-beam CT scan without contrast performed during neck movement, revealed that the styloid process tip was adjacent to the stent fracture line, confirming vascular ES. The symptomatic left styloid process was resected, followed by repeat CAS. The dissecting aneurysm was thrombosed post-CAS, and the patient remained asymptomatic without complications at 6-month follow-up. Conclusion: In patients with vascular ES, diagnostic imaging should include dynamic evaluations to assess cervical dynamics and the resection of styloid process is essential to prevent chronic stent fracture.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.108202

Regression of bilateral persistent primitive ophthalmic artery: a case report Open Access

Takeuchi, I; Izumi, T; Nishihori, M; Goto, S; Hanyu, T; Suzuki, K; Takayanagi, K; Kawasaki, Y; Saito, R

SURGICAL AND RADIOLOGIC ANATOMY 47 巻 ( 1 ) 頁： 42 2024年12月

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy

Purpose: We report a case of regression of a 2-year-old girl with bilateral primitive ophthalmic arteries (POAs). Case report: The patient presented with a headache and had no visual impairment or visual field abnormalities. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) revealed arteries originating bilaterally from the cavernous internal carotid artery segments, diagnosed as persistent POAs. Conclusion: Six months later, MRA revealed decreased origin delineation and five years later, MRA revealed bilateral origin disappearance from the orbit to the periphery.

DOI： 10.1007/s00276-024-03522-7

Efficacy and safety of endovascular coil embolization for unruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysms: middle-term clinical and imaging outcomes with 3 years mean follow-up periods, a 16-year experience Open Access

Hanyu, T; Izumi, T; Tanei, T; Nishihori, M; Goto, S; Araki, Y; Yokoyama, K; Miyachi, S; Saito, R

NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 86 巻 ( 4 ) 頁： 596 - 607 2024年11月

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：Nagoya Journal of Medical Science

The anatomical characteristics of middle cerebral artery aneurysms make endovascular treatment difficult. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment of unruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm in preventing rupture. A retrospective review of patients who underwent coil embolization for unruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm between 2006 and 2022 at Nagoya University Hospital with at least 12 months followed up was conducted. Imaging and clinical outcomes were described using the Raymond classification and the modified Rankin Scale, respectively. Good imaging outcome was defined as complete occlusion or neck remnant and clinical outcome as modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2. Patients were divided into initial and recurrent group based on the number of treatments, pre- and post-stent groups based on when stents became available in Japan. A total of 77 patients (80 with aneurysms) were included in the final analysis. Their average age was 60.3 years, and their average follow-up period was 38 months. Favorable clinical outcomes were achieved for 96.2% among 66 (97.0%) initial and 11 (91.7%) recurrent aneurysms. Furthermore, good imaging outcomes were obtained in 90.0 %, and 5% had permanent symptomatic ischemic complications. The pre-stent group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with narrow-neck aneurysms than the post-stent group. There were no significant differences in terms of imaging and clinical outcomes or complication rates. The present study demonstrated that endovascular treatment of unruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm was safe and effective in preventing rupture. The wide-neck aneurysm was also well embolized by using adjunctive technique.

DOI： 10.18999/nagjms.86.4.596

Three-dimensional spiral-shaping method of microcatheter for paraclinoid aneurysms: assessment using silicone models Open Access

Imaoka, E; Nishihori, M; Izumi, T; Goto, S; Araki, Y; Yokoyama, K; Uda, K; Kanamori, F; Saito, R

NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 86 巻 ( 4 ) 頁： 655 - 664 2024年11月

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：Nagoya Journal of Medical Science

Selecting an appropriate microcatheter tip shape for paraclinoid aneurysms is difficult. Therefore, we devised an original simple and uniform three-dimensional (3D) spiral-shaping method of microcatheter and validated the characteristics and usefulness of this method for coil embolization of paraclinoid aneurysms using patient-specific silicone models. These silicone models were produced based on clinical data from four patients with four paraclinoid aneurysms that underwent endovascular treatment using the 3D spiral-shaping method. These models were classified into four types: superior, medial, inferior, and lateral corresponding to the aneurysm protrusion and locations (C3 or C2 segments by Fisher’s classification). Employing a pulsatile pump setup, two operators assessed the following items: navigation methods (pull and wire guiding), catheterization times, microcatheter tip position in the aneurysm, and the feasibility of inserting a framing coil by simple technique compared with three other shapes (straight, 90, pigtail). Three-dimensional spiral-shaped microcatheter could be placed in the medial and inferior type models of C3 segments and superior type model of C2 segment by the pullback method. Catheterization times using a 3D spiral-shaped catheter were significantly shorter than other shaped ones in the superior type models. No significant difference was found in another silicone model. Three-dimensional spiral- and pigtail-shaped catheters tended to position the tip at the center of the aneurysm. In conclusion, 3D spiral-shaped microcatheter was especially effective for the superior projected aneurysm at the C2 segment. The 3D spiral-shaping method can provide easy and secure navigation of the microcatheter into the paraclinoid aneurysms, ensuring optimal positioning for coil insertion.

DOI： 10.18999/nagjms.86.4.655

Four-dimensional digital subtraction angiography for the vascular anatomical diagnosis of dural arteriovenous malformation: Comparison with the conventional method 国際誌 Open Access

Ishikawa, K; Nishihori, M; Izumi, T; Oshima, R; Uemura, T; Kanamori, F; Uda, K; Yokoyama, K; Araki, Y; Saito, R

INTERVENTIONAL NEURORADIOLOGY 30 巻 ( 5 ) 頁： 738 - 745 2024年10月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Interventional Neuroradiology

Background: Two-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (2D-DSA) and conventional three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (3D-DSA) are used for the detailed analysis of dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF). Recently, four-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (4D-DSA), a novel technology, has been attracting attention. The current study aimed to evaluate the capability of 4D-DSA in assessing anatomical angioarchitecture in DAVF. Methods: In total, 10 consecutive patients with DAVF who underwent 3D-DSA and 4D-DSA at a single institution were included in the analysis. Initially, one-slice multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) images obtained via 4D-DSA and 3D-DSA were compared to investigate the visibility of the feeding artery, fistulous point, and draining vein. Next, 4D-DSA images alone were compared and evaluated with and the MPR images of conventional 3D-DSA in terms of diagnosis of the angioarchitecture. Results: In total, six men and four women (with a mean age of 65.6 ± 10.0 years) were included in the study. The MPR image obtained via 3D-DSA had a significantly better visibility of the feeding artery and fistulous point than that acquired via 4D-DSA (p < 0.05). As for the draining vein, the score was equivalent and not significant. The diagnosis of the vascular architecture of only 4D-DSA images was nearly equivalent to that of MPR images of 3D-DSA. There were no inter-rater differences. Conclusion: The MPR images obtained via 4D-DSA may be slightly inferior to those acquired via 3D-DSA in identifying fine angioarchitecture in DAVF. However, they were comparable in terms of diagnostic accuracy.

DOI： 10.1177/15910199221145526

A Combination Technique of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate and Minimal Coils with Flow Control for Parent Artery Occlusion of a Giant Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysm: A Technical Note Open Access

Hanyu, T; Izumi, T; Tanei, T; Nishihori, M; Gotoh, S; Araki, Y; Yokoyama, K; Saito, R

NEUROLOGIA MEDICO-CHIRURGICA 64 巻 ( 9 ) 頁： 347 - 351 2024年9月

記述言語：英語出版者・発行元：一般社団法人日本脳神経外科学会

Parent artery occlusion for large or giant internal carotid artery aneurysms remains a necessary procedure in the era of flow diverters. Endovascular parent artery occlusion is currently performed using detachable balloons or coils, which are difficult to obtain or costly. At our institution, we have devised a technique for combining n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate and coils with flow control to solve this problem. Patients who underwent parent artery occlusion for large or giant internal carotid artery aneurysms with a follow-up period of more than 12 months were included. Imaging outcomes were evaluated for complete or incomplete aneurysmal occlusion and with or without aneurysmal shrinkage. The clinical outcome was based on changes in the modified Rankin Scale. Ten patients (ten aneurysms) were in-cluded. Their average age and average follow-up period were 68.4 years and 36 months, respectively. Complete occlusion and favorable clinical outcome were observed in all cases. The parent artery occlusion using a combination of coils and n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate with flow control technique is effective for both imaging and clinical outcomes.

DOI： 10.2176/jns-nmc.2024-0046

The Potential Role of Preoperative Posterior Cerebral Artery Involvement in Predicting Postoperative Transient Neurological Deficits and Ischemic Stroke After Indirect Revascularization in Patients With Moyamoya Disease

Araki, Y; Yokoyama, K; Uda, K; Kanamori, F; Takayanagi, K; Ishii, K; Nishihori, M; Goto, S; Tsukada, T; Takeuchi, K; Tanahashi, K; Nagata, Y; Nishimura, Y; Tanei, T; Nagashima, Y; Muraoka, S; Izumi, T; Seki, Y; Saito, R

WORLD NEUROSURGERY 187 巻頁： E610 - E619 2024年7月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：World Neurosurgery

Objective: Transient neurological deficits (TNDs) are known to develop after direct bypass for Moyamoya disease and may be risk factors for subsequent stroke. However, the factors involved in the development of TNDs and stroke after indirect revascularization alone, including their association with subsequent stroke, remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate this issue. Methods: The subjects of the study were 30 patients with Moyamoya disease who underwent a total of 40 indirect revascularization procedures at our institution. Clinical and radiological data were collected retrospectively. To examine factors associated with the development of postoperative TND/stroke/asymptomatic disease, the clinical characteristics of each group were statistically compared. Results: The mean age at surgery was 7 years (range 1–63). TNDs developed after surgery in 9 out of 40 patients (22.5%). Stroke in the acute postoperative period occurred in 3 patients (7.5%), all of whom experienced cerebral infarctions. Demographic data and preoperative clinical information were not different between the groups. However, posterior cerebral artery involvement on preoperative imaging was significantly associated with the development of TNDs and stroke (P = 0.006). Furthermore, postoperative stroke was associated with unfavorable outcomes (P = 0.025). Conclusions: Posterior cerebral artery involvement is significantly associated with the occurrence of TNDs. In contrast, TNDs after indirect revascularization have little relationship with the subsequent development of stroke. TNDs usually resolve without new strokes, and a better understanding of this particular pathology could help establish an optimal treatment regimen.

DOI： 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.04.135

Hormone Concentration Measurement in Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae Open Access

Kropp, AE; Nishihori, M; Izumi, T; Goto, S; Yokoyama, K; Saito, R

WORLD NEUROSURGERY 185 巻頁： E451 - E460 2024年5月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：World Neurosurgery

Objective: Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulae (DAVFs) represent a subset of cerebral vascular malformations associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In Japan, DAVF exhibits sex-based differences in anatomical distribution, with female predominance in the cavernous sinus (CS) and male predominance in the transverse sinus (TS). Nevertheless, the pathophysiology of DAVF is not fully understood, and hormonal influences are hypothesized to play a role in its development. This study aimed to investigate changes in the concentrations of sex steroid hormones between intracranial and peripheral sampling sites in patients with CS- and TS-DAVF. Methods: We recruited 19 patients with CS-DAVF (n = 12) and TS-DAVF (n = 7) in this study. Blood hormone measurements were obtained from peripheral and jugular bulb samples during endovascular intervention. Hormone concentrations were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits, and statistical analyses were performed. Results: Our study revealed a higher prevalence of CS-DAVF in females and TS-DAVF in males, which is consistent with previous studies. Estradiol concentration was significantly lower in the jugular bulb compared with in the periphery in both patients with CS- and TS-DAVF. This decrease in estradiol was observed irrespective of the patient's sex and independent of follicle-stimulating hormone levels. Conclusions: These findings indicate a local decrease in estradiol levels within the intracranial vasculature of patients with DAVF. This suggests a potential multifactorial role of estradiol in the pathomechanism of DAVFs, warranting further investigation to understand its influence on DAVF formation and potential targeted therapies, thereby enhancing patient outcomes.

DOI： 10.1016/J.WNEu.2024.02.052

先天性無フィブリノゲン血症患者の多発動脈血栓の評価にSuperb microvascular imaging（SMI）を活用した1例 Open Access

服部真代, 西堀正洋, 石津洋二, 荒木芳生, 泉孝嗣, 松原宏紀, 佐藤浩司, 加藤千秋, 古澤健司, 鈴木伸明, 松下正

超音波検査技術 49 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： 131 - 137 2024年4月

記述言語：日本語出版者・発行元：一般社団法人日本超音波検査学会

<p>症例は50代，女性．先天性無フィブリノゲン血症にて通院，加療されていた．202X年10月，C型慢性肝炎の既往に対する腹部超音波検査において腹部大動脈の右腎動脈分岐部付近に偶発的に11×6 mmの血管壁と等輝度の構造物を認め，腹部大動脈の壁在血栓が疑われた．その後施行した胸腹部造影CTにおいても腹部大動脈の壁在血栓が疑われたが，治療適応はなく経過観察となった．同年11月，塞栓源不明の脳梗塞を発症し，MRIにおいて右中大脳動脈領域に散在性梗塞巣，右頸動脈洞に軽度狭窄を認め，入院加療となった．入院中に行った頸動脈超音波検査では，右頸動脈洞に4 mmの低輝度プラークを認めたが，血液検査では高脂血症，糖尿病などの動脈硬化因子は認めず，12誘導心電図検査ならびに経胸壁心臓超音波検査においても異常所見は認めなかった．脳梗塞の原因は頸動脈低輝度プラークに起因することが疑われたため，フィブリノゲン製剤の定期補充とともに，アスピリンによる抗血栓療法が開始され，翌年の超音波検査で腹部大動脈壁在血栓の縮小，右頸動脈洞のプラークにおいても縮小を認めた．右頸動脈洞の低輝度プラークは，治療開始から2週間後に明らかに退縮を認めた臨床経過から，先天性無フィブリノゲン血症が要因で生じた血栓であると推測された．今回の症例では，Superb microvascular imaging（SMI）の活用により従来法であるBモードやカラードプラ法では得られなかった動脈血栓の性状ならびにプラーク内出血を評価したことが，適切な診断や治療効果判定に繋がった．</p>

DOI： 10.11272/jss.404

Efficacy of intraoperative irrigation with artificial cerebrospinal fluid in chronic subdural hematoma surgery: study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial 国際誌 Open Access

Nagashima, Y; Araki, Y; Nishida, K; Kuramitsu, S; Wakabayashi, K; Shimato, S; Kinkori, T; Nishizawa, T; Kano, T; Hasegawa, T; Noda, A; Maeda, K; Yamamoto, Y; Suzuki, O; Koketsu, N; Okada, T; Iwasaki, M; Nakabayashi, K; Fujitani, S; Maki, H; Kuwatsuka, Y; Nishihori, M; Tanei, T; Nishikawa, T; Nishimura, Y; Saito, R

TRIALS 25 巻 ( 1 ) 頁： 6 - 6 2024年1月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Trials

Background: The surgical techniques for treatment of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH), a common neurosurgical condition, have been discussed in a lot of clinical literature. However, the recurrence proportion after CSDH surgery remains high, ranging from 10 to 20%. The standard surgical procedure for CSDH involves a craniostomy to evacuate the hematoma, but irrigating the hematoma cavity during the procedure is debatable. The authors hypothesized that the choice of irrigation fluid might be a key factor affecting the outcomes of surgery. This multicenter randomized controlled trial aims to investigate whether intraoperative irrigation using artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACF) followed by the placement of a subdural drain would yield superior results compared to the placement of a subdural drain alone for CSDH. Methods: The study will be conducted across 19 neurosurgical departments in Japan. The 1186 eligible patients will be randomly allocated to two groups: irrigation using ACF or not. In either group, a subdural drain is to be placed for at least 12 h postoperatively. Similar to what was done in previous studies, we set the proportion of patients that meet the criteria for ipsilateral reoperation at 7% in the irrigation group and 12% in the non-irrigation group. The primary endpoint is the proportion of patients who meet the criteria for ipsilateral reoperation within 6 months of surgery (clinical worsening of symptoms and increased hematoma on imaging compared with the postoperative state). The secondary endpoints are the proportion of reoperations within 6 months, the proportion being stratified by preoperative hematoma architecture by computed tomography (CT) scan, neurological symptoms, patient condition, mortality at 6 months, complications associated with surgery, length of hospital stay from surgery to discharge, and time of the surgical procedure. Discussion: We present the study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial to investigate our hypothesis that intraoperative irrigation with ACF reduces the recurrence proportion after the removal of chronic subdural hematomas compared with no irrigation. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov jRCT1041220124. Registered on January 13, 2023.

DOI： 10.1186/s13063-023-07889-7

Characteristics of donor vessels and cerebral blood flow in the chronic phase after combined revascularization surgery for moyamoya disease 国際誌 Open Access

Mamiya, T; Araki, Y; Taoka, T; Fujita, N; Yokoyama, K; Uda, K; Muraoka, S; Kanamori, F; Takayanagi, K; Ishii, K; Nishihori, M; Izumi, T; Kato, K; Saito, R

CLINICAL NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY 236 巻頁： 108110 - 108110 2024年1月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery

Objective: This study aimed to analyze whether the development of donor vessels after combined revascularization surgery for moyamoya disease (MMD) is related to cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 11 adult (12 hemispheres) and 13 pediatric (19 hemispheres) patients who underwent combined revascularization in our department. The total vessel cross-sectional area (TVA) was the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the superficial temporal, middle meningeal, and deep temporal arteries imaged using time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography. The ipsilateral relative CBF (RCBF) on the brain surface in the craniotomy area was calculated by single-photon emission computed tomography. ΔTVA and ΔRCBF were defined as the preoperative and postoperative ratios of TVA and RCBF, and their correlations were analyzed in adult and pediatric patients. Results: The TVA and RCBF showed a significant increase after surgery, regardless of the age group. However, there was no significant correlation between ΔTVA and ΔRCBF in either the adult or pediatric groups. While the adult group exhibited significantly higher ΔRCBF values compared to the pediatric group (p < 0.01, r = −0.44), the ΔTVA values were higher in the pediatric group compared to the adult group (p = 0.06). Conclusions: In the chronic phase after combined revascularization surgery for MMD, the development of measurable TVA of donor vessels does not necessarily correlate with an increase in CBF around the craniotomy area.

DOI： 10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.108110

Effect of thin-split encephalomyosynangiosis on transient neurological events in revascularization surgery for pediatric patients with moyamoya disease 国際誌 Open Access

Ishii, K; Kanamori, F; Araki, Y; Uda, K; Yokoyama, K; Mamiya, T; Takayanagi, K; Goto, S; Nishihori, M; Izumi, T; Saito, R

JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY-PEDIATRICS 33 巻 ( 1 ) 頁： 29 - 34 2024年1月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics

OBJECTIVE Transient neurological events (TNEs) are among the most important events after revascularization surgery in pediatric patients with moyamoya disease (MMD). Although hemodynamic changes and crying are representative factors of TNEs, brain compression by encephalomyosynangiosis (EMS) is another important cause of TNEs. Therefore, the authors assumed that making the EMS as thin as possible reduces the frequency of TNEs. However, thin-split EMS can lead to insufficient development of collateral vessels. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of thin-split EMS in combined revascularization surgery on postoperative outcomes in pediatric patients with MMD. METHODS The authors retrospectively included 56 consecutive combined revascularization surgeries in the anterior cerebral circulation in pediatric patients with MMD. These surgeries were classified into the former group and thin-split EMS group. The temporal muscle was halved in the former EMS group and split as thinly as possible in the thin-split EMS group. The authors performed between-group comparisons of postoperative stroke events and TNEs during the acute period and the development of collateral flow and stroke events during the chronic period. RESULTS Former and thin-split EMS procedures were performed in 37 and 19 patients, respectively. TNEs without crying or hemodynamic changes were observed significantly less frequently in the thin-split EMS group than in the former EMS group (0 [0.0%] in the thin-split EMS group vs 9 [24.3%] in the former EMS group, p= 0.021). There were no significant between-group differences in the development of indirect bypass during the chronic period (good: 34 [91.9%] and poor: 3 [8.1%] in the former EMS group vs good: 16 [84.2%] and poor: 3 [15.8%] in the thin-split EMS group; p= 0.397). Additionally, there were no significant between-group differences in the incidence of chronic clinical events, including death or stroke. CONCLUSIONS Thin-split EMS can reduce TNEs that do not accompany crying or hemodynamic changes. Furthermore, the procedure has sufficient prevention effects against stroke events during the chronic postoperative period in pediatric patients with MMD.

DOI： 10.3171/2023.8.PEDS23295

Clinical Efficiency of an Artificial Intelligence-Based 3D-Angiography for Visualization of Cerebral Aneurysm: Comparison with the Conventional Method 国際誌 Open Access

Ishikawa, K; Izumi, T; Nishihori, M; Imaizumi, T; Goto, S; Suzuki, K; Yokoyama, K; Kanamori, F; Uda, K; Araki, Y; Saito, R

CLINICAL NEURORADIOLOGY 33 巻 ( 4 ) 頁： 1143 - 1150 2023年12月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Clinical Neuroradiology

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI)-based three-dimensional angiography (3D-A) was reported to demonstrate visualization of cerebral vasculature equivalent to that of three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (3D-DSA). However, the applicability and efficacy of the AI-based 3D‑A algorithm have not yet been investigated for 3D-DSA micro imaging. In this study, we evaluated the usefulness of the AI-based 3D‑A in 3D-DSA micro imaging. Materials and Methods: The 3D-DSA micro datasets of 20 consecutive patients with cerebral aneurysm (CA) were reconstructed with 3D-DSA and 3D‑A. Three reviewers compared 3D-DSA and 3D‑A in terms of qualitative parameters (degrees of visualization of CA and the anterior choroidal artery [AChA]) and quantitative parameters (aneurysm diameter, neck diameter, parent vessel diameter, and visible length of AChA). Results: Qualitative evaluation of diagnostic potential revealed that visualization of CA and the proximal to middle parts of the AChA with 3D‑A was equal to that with conventional 3D-DSA; in contrast, visualization of the distal part of the AChA was lower with 3D‑A than with 3D-DSA. Further, regarding quantitative evaluation, the aneurysm diameter, neck diameter, and parent vessel diameter were comparable between 3D‑A and 3D-DSA; in contrast, the visible length of the AChA was lower with 3D‑A than with 3D-DSA. Conclusions: The AI-based 3D‑A technique is feasible and evaluable visualization of cerebral vasculature with respect to quantitative and qualitative parameters in 3D-DSA micro imaging. However, the 3D‑A technique offers lower visualization of such as the distal portion of the AChA than 3D-DSA.

DOI： 10.1007/s00062-023-01325-8

Difference of coil distribution made by finishing coils in large size aneurysm model with radiolucent coils Open Access

Matsuno, H; Izumi, T; Nishihori, M; Goto, S; Araki, Y; Yokoyama, K; Uda, K; Saito, R

NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 85 巻 ( 4 ) 頁： 725 - 732 2023年11月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Nagoya Journal of Medical Science

We conducted a study to understand the characteristics of the finishing coils to select the appropriate coil for the final stage of embolization. Consequently, experimental embolization was performed on a 10 mm spherical silicone aneurysm filled with radiolucent coils, which simulated a volume embolization ratio of 20%. Nine different coils (i-ED complex ∞ SilkySoft, SilkySoft, ExtraSoft, V-Trak HyperSoft helical, Barricade 10 complex finishing, Optima complex 10 soft, Target 360 Ultra, Galaxy G3 mini, and Axium prime 3D ExtraSoft) were analyzed six times at random. After each coil insertion, indices that include area, Feret diameter, circularity, and centroid center of mass were calculated using biplane x-ray images. Furthermore, these data were analyzed using the spring constant k, which represents the stiffness of the coil. In multiple comparisons, a significant difference was observed in the area analysis. The i-ED complex ∞ SilkySoft was more widespread than Target 360 Ultra (p < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in the other indices. The spring constant k value of Target 360 Ultra was 2.5 times larger than that of the i-ED complex ∞ SilkySoft, and it negatively correlated with the area index rather than with the other indices. Notably, it was suggested that the smaller the spring constant k, the wider the distribution of the finishing coils. Although there was little difference between the coils, some coils had characteristics suggesting that good embolization could be expected using appropriate finishing coils.

DOI： 10.18999/nagjms.85.4.725

Higher abundance of Campylobacter in the oral microbiome of Japanese patients with moyamoya disease Open Access

Takayanagi, K; Kanamori, F; Ishii, K; Yokoyama, K; Araki, Y; Sumitomo, M; Maeda, S; Goto, S; Ota, S; Nagata, Y; Nishihori, M; Maesawa, S; Izumi, T; Takasu, S; Saito, R

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 13 巻 ( 1 ) 頁： 18545 2023年10月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Scientific Reports

Genetic factors alone cannot explain the pathophysiology of moyamoya disease (MMD), and environmental factors such as an immune response are thought to be involved. Oral and gut microbiomes have attracted attention as environmental factors in the pathophysiology of some vascular and autoimmune diseases. However, the relationship between MMD and these microbiomes is yet to be thoroughly investigated. This prospective case–control study aimed to compare the microbiomes of Japanese patients with MMD with those of healthy individuals to identify the specific bacteria involved in MMD. Saliva and fecal samples were collected from 16 patients with MMD who had not undergone revascularization surgery. Fifteen healthy individuals were matched for age, sex, and body mass index. The microbiomes were determined using 16S rRNA sequencing and analyzed using QIIME2. Differentially abundant microbes were identified using LEfSE and ANCOM-BC. In the oral microbiome, the two analytical methods showed that Campylobacter was more abundant in patients with MMD than in healthy individuals. Differences in the gut microbiome were smaller than those in the oral microbiome. In conclusion, the oral microbiome profiles of patients with MMD significantly differ from those of healthy individuals. Campylobacter spp. could be a substantial environmental factor in the pathophysiology of MMD.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-023-45755-3

A Case of Bilateral Vertebral Artery Dissecting Aneurysm Treated With Multimodality Therapy Under Superficial Temporal Artery Assistance-Posterior Cerebral Artery Bypass.

Sakamoto Y, Kabeya R, Nishihori M

Cureus 15 巻 ( 9 ) 頁： e45326 2023年9月

Transarterial embolization and transvenous embolization for transverse-sigmoid sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas with cortical venous reflux: A comparative study 国際誌

Tsukada, T; Izumi, T; Nishihori, M; Araki, Y; Uda, K; Yokoyama, K; Saito, R

INTERVENTIONAL NEURORADIOLOGY 頁： 15910199231195135 - 15910199231195135 2023年8月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Interventional Neuroradiology

Background: Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) with cortical venous reflux (CVR) carry a high risk for neurological sequelae or death. Recently, transverse-sigmoid sinus DAVFs were shown as good indications for transarterial embolization (TAE) with ONYX. Here, we compared the effectiveness and safety of conventional transvenous embolization (TVE) with those of TAE with ONYX for transverse-sigmoid sinus DAVFs with CVR. Methods: Sixty-one patients with transverse-sigmoid sinus DAVFs were treated from April 2013 to May 2020. Among them, 37 patients with CVR were included. Transarterial embolization and TVE were compared in terms of complete occlusion and residual CVR immediately after treatment, complications with worsening modified Rankin Scale (mRS) ≥ 1, amount of contrast media used during treatment, radiation exposure, and surgical procedure time. Results: Ten patients were treated with 10 TAEs using ONYX and 27 patients with 29 TVEs. Transarterial embolization and TVE showed no differences in the overall complete occlusion rate (80% [8/10 patients] vs. 80% [23/27], respectively), whereas the residual rate of existing CVR was 10% (1/10 patient) vs. 3.4% (1/27) in the TAE and TVE groups, respectively. No complications with worsening mRS ≥1 occurred in either group. Among the parameters of amount of contrast media, radiation dose, and operative time, only radiation dose in the TAE group was lower than that in the TVE group (median: 2239 mGy vs. 3268 mGy, respectively; p = 0.07). Conclusion: For transverse-sigmoid sinus DAVFs with CVR, TAE treatment reduced radiation exposure. However, both TAE and TVE achieved high complete occlusion rates and low complication rates.

DOI： 10.1177/15910199231195135

Butterfly needle tap and suction (BTS) technique: a treatment for recurrent chronic subdural hematoma after burr hole craniostomy 国際誌 Open Access

Yamamoto, S; Nagashima, Y; Maki, H; Nishimura, Y; Araki, Y; Nishihori, M; Noda, T; Imai, T; Kawabata, T; Ueno, M; Nishida, Y; Saito, R

ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA 165 巻 ( 4 ) 頁： 841 - 848 2023年4月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Acta Neurochirurgica

Background: In this study, we propose a butterfly needle tap and suction (BTS) technique for recurrent chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) as an alternative to reoperation with burr hole craniostomy (BHC) and investigate its efficacy and safety. The procedure involves percutaneous puncture through the burr hole created during the previous surgery and subsequent hematoma evacuation using a butterfly needle. Methods: This retrospective study included patients who underwent BTS for CSDH at Ogaki Municipal Hospital between January 2017 and December 2020. The follow-up CT scans were reviewed after several weeks. We evaluated the number of percutaneous punctures required to resolve CSDH during the BTS technique, the volume of the evacuated hematoma, and procedure-related complications. Results: Twenty-six patients were enrolled in the study, 21 of whom achieved resolution of the hematoma using punctures with the BTS technique alone (mean, 2.2 ± 1.5). Five patients had a recurrence of hematoma after one or more punctures during the BTS technique, and they underwent reoperation with BHC according to the surgeon’s decision or patient requests. Among the 55 punctures, 43.0 ± 16.0 ml of hematoma was evacuated per puncture. The evacuated hematoma volume was 41.9 ± 16.4 ml in the BTS-alone group and 49.4 ± 12.9 ml in the reoperation group, with no significant difference (p = 0.25). Three patients complained of a headache during the puncture procedure, and no other complications, including intracranial hemorrhage or infection, were reported therein. Conclusions: The BTS technique is an effective alternative to reoperation with BHC.

DOI： 10.1007/s00701-023-05543-4

Antiplatelet therapy discontinuation after stent-assisted coil embolization for intracranial aneurysms: a single-center, long-term, retrospective, observational study 国際誌

Goto, S; Izumi, T; Nishihori, M; Imai, T; Araki, Y; Kanamori, F; Uda, K; Yokoyama, K; Saito, R

JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY 138 巻 ( 3 ) 頁： 724 - 731 2023年3月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Journal of Neurosurgery

OBJECTIVE The protocol for antiplatelet therapy after stent-assisted coil embolization (SACE) for intracranial aneurysms is not well established. In particular, the indications for single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) discontinuation remain controversial. The authors investigated the long-term outcomes of SAPT discontinuation after SACE among patients at a single institution. METHODS Patients who underwent SACE during the period from 2010 to 2020 and who were followed up for > 1 year were included in this study. The delayed ischemic and hemorrhagic complication rates were examined during follow-up. Moreover, the risk factors of antiplatelet therapy reduction or discontinuation and the outcomes of SAPT discontinuation were examined. RESULTS In total, 240 patients were included in the analysis. The average patient age was 60.3 years, and the average follow-up period was 46.7 months. Nine (3.8%) patients presented with symptomatic delayed ischemic complication, and 3 (1.3%) patients experienced a decline in modified Rankin Scale score. The stent configuration (T- or Y-stent) was the only risk factor associated with delayed ischemic complication (p < 0.001). SAPT was discontinued in 147 (71.7%) of 205 patients who were followed up for > 2 years, and no ischemic complications were observed. CONCLUSIONS It is safe to discontinue SAPT in patients without ischemic complications and with stable intraaneurysmal signals on MRA 2 years after SACE. The T- or Y-stent is a high-risk factor for delayed ischemic complications, and antiplatelet therapy reduction or discontinuation should be cautiously considered.

DOI： 10.3171/2022.6.JNS22815

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