Faculty Profiles - OGI Tomoo

Hereditary Mucoepithelial Dysplasia and Autosomal-Dominant IFAP Syndrome Is a Clinical Spectrum Due to SREBF1 Variants. International journal Open Access

Chiaki Murase, Takuya Takeichi, Toshifumi Nomura, Tomoo Ogi, Masashi Akiyama

The Journal of investigative dermatology Vol. 141 ( 6 ) page： 1596 - 1598 2021.6

ELOF1 is a transcription-coupled DNA repair factor that directs RNA polymerase II ubiquitylation. International journal Open Access

Yana van der Weegen, Klaas de Lint, Diana van den Heuvel, Yuka Nakazawa, Tycho E T Mevissen, Janne J M van Schie, Marta San Martin Alonso, Daphne E C Boer, Román González-Prieto, Ishwarya V Narayanan, Noud H M Klaassen, Annelotte P Wondergem, Khashayar Roohollahi, Josephine C Dorsman, Yuichiro Hara, Alfred C O Vertegaal, Job de Lange, Johannes C Walter, Sylvie M Noordermeer, Mats Ljungman, Tomoo Ogi, Rob M F Wolthuis, Martijn S Luijsterburg

Nature cell biology Vol. 23 ( 6 ) page： 595 - 607 2021.6

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Cells employ transcription-coupled repair (TCR) to eliminate transcription-blocking DNA lesions. DNA damage-induced binding of the TCR-specific repair factor CSB to RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) triggers RNAPII ubiquitylation of a single lysine (K1268) by the CRL4CSA ubiquitin ligase. How CRL4CSA is specifically directed towards K1268 is unknown. Here, we identify ELOF1 as the missing link that facilitates RNAPII ubiquitylation, a key signal for the assembly of downstream repair factors. This function requires its constitutive interaction with RNAPII close to K1268, revealing ELOF1 as a specificity factor that binds and positions CRL4CSA for optimal RNAPII ubiquitylation. Drug-genetic interaction screening also revealed a CSB-independent pathway in which ELOF1 prevents R-loops in active genes and protects cells against DNA replication stress. Our study offers key insights into the molecular mechanisms of TCR and provides a genetic framework of the interplay between transcriptional stress responses and DNA replication.

DOI： 10.1038/s41556-021-00688-9

Transcription-Coupled DNA Repair: From Mechanism to Human Disorder

van den Heuvel Diana, van der Weegen Yana, Boer Daphne E. C., Ogi Tomoo, Luijsterburg Martijn S.

TRENDS IN CELL BIOLOGY Vol. 31 ( 5 ) page： 359 - 371 2021.5

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Trends in Cell Biology

DNA lesions pose a major obstacle during gene transcription by RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) enzymes. The transcription-coupled DNA repair (TCR) pathway eliminates such DNA lesions. Inherited defects in TCR cause severe clinical syndromes, including Cockayne syndrome (CS). The molecular mechanism of TCR and the molecular origin of CS have long remained enigmatic. Here we explore new advances in our understanding of how TCR complexes assemble through cooperative interactions between repair factors stimulated by RNAPII ubiquitylation. Mounting evidence suggests that RNAPII ubiquitylation activates TCR complex assembly during repair and, in parallel, promotes processing and degradation of RNAPII to prevent prolonged stalling. The fate of stalled RNAPII is therefore emerging as a crucial link between TCR and associated human diseases.

DOI： 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.02.007

MEDNIK-like syndrome due to compound heterozygous mutations in AP1B1

Successful dupilumab treatment for ichthyotic and atopic features of Netherton syndrome. International journal Open Access

Chiaki Murase, Takuya Takeichi, Tomoki Taki, Takenori Yoshikawa, Akiko Suzuki, Tomoo Ogi, Yasushi Suga, Masashi Akiyama

Journal of dermatological science Vol. 102 ( 2 ) page： 126 - 129 2021.5

Ito Y., Takeichi T., Igari S., Mori T., Ono A., Suyama K., Takeuchi S., Muro Y., Ogi T., Hosoya M., Yamamoto T., Akiyama M.

JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY Vol. 35 ( 5 ) page： E345 - E347 2021.5

Odontogenic keratocysts are an important clue for diagnosing basal cell nevus syndrome. Open Access

Kaori Kaibuchi-Ando, Takuya Takeichi, Yasutoshi Ito, So Takeuchi, Yuta Yamashita, Motohito Yamada, Yoshinao Muro, Tomoo Ogi, Masashi Akiyama

Nagoya journal of medical science Vol. 83 ( 2 ) page： 393 - 396 2021.5

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS) is an autosomal dominant skin disorder characterized by multiple basal cell nevi. Patients with BCNS tend to develop basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and frequently show skeletal abnormalities. Most cases of BCNS are caused by mutations in patched 1 (PTCH1). PTCH1 encodes a transmembrane receptor protein for the secreted molecule sonic hedgehog, which plays a key role in the development of animals ranging from insects to mammals. We analyzed two Japanese BCNS patients from two independent families. Both of our patients had multiple jaw keratocysts. In one patient, these were the key to noticing his BCNS, as he had no skin tumors. The early detection of PTCH1 mutations would enable BCNS patients to be carefully followed up for the occurrence of BCC. The diagnosis of BCC at the early stage leads to prompt surgical treatments, resulting in a good prognosis. The present cases suggest that keratocysts of the jaw might be an important clue for diagnosing BCNS.

DOI： 10.18999/nagjms.83.2.393

[A case of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2Z caused by MORC2 S87L mutation mimicking spinal muscular atrophy].

Yamamoto D, Oda R, Hisahara S, Ishikawa A, Ogi T, Shimohama S

Rinsho shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology Vol. 61 ( 4 ) page： 262 - 264 2021.4

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Clinical Neurology

A 33-year-old man with an unremarkable family history has had limb muscle weakness, joint contracture and skeleton deformation from early childhood. He was diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) by a pediatrician. He needed assistance and used orthoses in his daily life. There was no subjective sensory disturbance. However, physical examination showed slight sensory impairment, and nerve conduction study indicated sensory motor axonal neuropathy. This finding suggested Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT). Gene analysis detected MORC2 S87L mutation, leading to a diagnosis of CMT type 2Z. Patients with MORC2 S87L mutation are known to exhibit a severe phenotype, and may mimic SMA. It is important to demonstrate subclinical sensory neuropathy in patients with MORC2 S87L mutation mimicking SMA.

DOI： 10.5692/clinicalneurol.cn-001542

Temporal dynamics of the plasma microbiome in recipients at early post-liver transplantation: a retrospective study Open Access

Okumura Toshihiko, Horiba Kazuhiro, Kamei Hideya, Takeuchi Suguru, Suzuki Takako, Torii Yuka, Kawada Jun-ichi, Takahashi Yoshiyuki, Ogura Yasuhiro, Ogi Tomoo, Ito Yoshinori

BMC MICROBIOLOGY Vol. 21 ( 1 ) page： 104 2021.4

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：BMC Microbiology

Background: Immunosuppression during liver transplantation (LT) enables the prevention and treatment of organ rejection but poses a risk for severe infectious diseases. Immune modulation and antimicrobials affect the plasma microbiome. Thus, determining the impact of immunosuppression on the microbiome may be important to understand immunocompetence, elucidate the source of infection, and predict the risk of infection in LT recipients. We characterized the plasma microbiome of LT recipients at early post-LT and assessed the association between the microbiome and clinical events. Results: In this study, 51 patients who received LT at Nagoya University Hospital from 2016 to 2018 were enrolled. Plasma samples were retrospectively collected at the following time points: 1) within a week after LT; 2) 4 ± 1 weeks after LT; 3) 8 ± 1 weeks after LT; and 4) within 2 days after a positive blood culture. A total of 111 plasma samples were analyzed using shotgun next-generation sequencing (NGS) with the PATHDET pipeline. Relative abundance of Anelloviridae, Nocardiaceae, Microbacteriaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae significantly changed during the postoperative period. Microbiome diversity was higher within a week after LT than that at 8 weeks after LT. Antimicrobials were significantly associated with the microbiome of LT recipients. In addition, the proportion of Enterobacteriaceae was significantly increased and the plasma microbiome diversity was significantly lower in patients with acute cellular rejection (ACR) than non-ACR patients. Sequencing reads of bacteria isolated from blood cultures were predominantly identified by NGS in 8 of 16 samples, and human herpesvirus 6 was detected as a causative pathogen in one recipient with severe clinical condition. Conclusions: The metagenomic NGS technique has great potential in revealing the plasma microbiome and is useful as a comprehensive diagnostic procedure in clinical settings. Temporal dynamics of specific microorganisms may be used as indirect markers for the determination of immunocompetence and ACR in LT recipients.

DOI： 10.1186/s12866-021-02154-w

The wide-ranging clinical and genetic features in Japanese families with valosin-containing protein proteinopathy. International journal Open Access

Takashi Ando, Ryoichi Nakamura, Satoshi Kuru, Daichi Yokoi, Naoki Atsuta, Haruki Koike, Masashi Suzuki, Kazuhiro Hara, Yohei Iguchi, Yumiko Harada, Yusuke Yoshida, Makoto Hattori, Ayuka Murakami, Seiya Noda, Seigo Kimura, Jun Sone, Tomohiko Nakamura, Yoji Goto, Kazuo Mano, Hisashi Okada, Satoshi Okuda, Ichizo Nishino, Tomoo Ogi, Gen Sobue, Masahisa Katsuno

Neurobiology of aging Vol. 100 page： 120.e1 - 120.e6 2021.4

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Mutations in the valosin-containing protein (VCP) gene are known to cause various neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we report 8 Japanese patients [6 men, 2 women; median age at onset: 49.5 (range, 35-58) years] from 5 unrelated families with VCP missense mutations. Although 7 of 8 patients were diagnosed with either inclusion body myopathy or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 1 patient showed demyelinating polyneuropathy, which was confirmed by longitudinal nerve conduction studies. Sural nerve biopsy of the patient revealed intranuclear ubiquitin staining in Schwann cells. Three known pathogenic VCP mutations (p.Arg191Gln, p.Arg155Cys, and p.Ile126Phe) were detected. A novel mutation, c.293 A>T (p.Asp98Val), was also identified in a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. This mutation was predicted to be "deleterious" or "disease causing" using in silico mutation analyses. In conclusion, demyelinating polyneuropathy may be a novel phenotype caused by VCP mutations. The p.Asp98Val mutation was found to be a novel pathogenic mutation of VCP proteinopathy. We believe our cases represent a wide clinical spectrum of VCP mutations.

DOI： 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.10.028

Two Cases of Porokeratosis with MVD Mutations, in Association with Bullous Pemphigoid. International journal Open Access

Yuki Arisawa, Yasutoshi Ito, Kana Tanahashi, Yoshinao Muro, Tomoo Ogi, Takuya Takeichi, Masashi Akiyama

Acta dermato-venereologica Vol. 101 ( 3 ) page： adv00423 2021.3

Identification of a novel causative mutation in KRT1 in diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma, facilitated by whole-exome sequencing. International journal Open Access

So Takeuchi, Takuya Takeichi, Yasutoshi Ito, Kana Tanahashi, Yoshinao Muro, Tomoo Ogi, Masashi Akiyama

European journal of dermatology : EJD Vol. 31 ( 2 ) page： 264 - 265 2021.3

Microglial gene signature reveals loss of homeostatic microglia associated with neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's disease. International journal Open Access

Akira Sobue, Okiru Komine, Yuichiro Hara, Fumito Endo, Hiroyuki Mizoguchi, Seiji Watanabe, Shigeo Murayama, Takashi Saito, Takaomi C Saido, Naruhiko Sahara, Makoto Higuchi, Tomoo Ogi, Koji Yamanaka

Acta neuropathologica communications Vol. 9 ( 1 ) page： 1 - 1 2021.1

Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although microglia in aging and neurodegenerative disease model mice show a loss of homeostatic phenotype and activation of disease-associated microglia (DAM), a correlation between those phenotypes and the degree of neuronal cell loss has not been clarified. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing of microglia isolated from three representative neurodegenerative mouse models, AppNL-G-F/NL-G-F with amyloid pathology, rTg4510 with tauopathy, and SOD1G93A with motor neuron disease by magnetic activated cell sorting. In parallel, gene expression patterns of the human precuneus with early Alzheimer's change (n = 11) and control brain (n = 14) were also analyzed by RNA sequencing. We found that a substantial reduction of homeostatic microglial genes in rTg4510 and SOD1G93A microglia, whereas DAM genes were uniformly upregulated in all mouse models. The reduction of homeostatic microglial genes was correlated with the degree of neuronal cell loss. In human precuneus with early AD pathology, reduced expression of genes related to microglia- and oligodendrocyte-specific markers was observed, although the expression of DAM genes was not upregulated. Our results implicate a loss of homeostatic microglial function in the progression of AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, analyses of human precuneus also suggest loss of microglia and oligodendrocyte functions induced by early amyloid pathology in human.

DOI： 10.1186/s40478-020-01099-x

Expanding the phenotype of biallelic loss-of-function variants in the NSUN2 gene: Description of four individuals with juvenile cataract, chronic nephritis, or brain anomaly as novel complications. International journal

Kohji Kato, Seiji Mizuno, Jenny Morton, Miho Toyama, Yuichiro Hara, Evangeline Wasmer, Alan Lehmann, Tomoo Ogi

American journal of medical genetics. Part A Vol. 185 ( 1 ) page： 282 - 285 2021.1

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The NSUN2 gene encodes a tRNA cytosine methyltransferase that functions in the maturation of leucyl tRNA (Leu) (CAA) precursors, which is crucial for the anticodon-codon pairing and correct translation of mRNA. Biallelic loss of function variants in NSUN2 are known to cause moderate to severe intellectual disability. Microcephaly, postnatal growth retardation, and dysmorphic facial features are common complications in this genetic disorder, and delayed puberty is occasionally observed. Here, we report four individuals, two sets of siblings, with biallelic loss-of-function variants in the NSUN2 gene. The first set of siblings have compound heterozygous frameshift variants: c.546_547insCT, p.Met183Leufs*13; c.1583del, p.Pro528Hisfs*19, and the other siblings carry a homozygous frameshift variant: c.1269dup, p.Val424Cysfs*14. In addition to previously reported clinical features, the first set of siblings showed novel complications of juvenile cataract and chronic nephritis. The other siblings showed hypomyelination and simplified gyral pattern in neuroimaging. NSUN2-related intellectual disability is a very rare condition, and less than 20 cases have been reported previously. Juvenile cataract, chronic nephritis, and brain anomaly shown in the present patients have not been previously described. Our report suggests clinical diversity of NSUN2-related intellectual disability.

DOI： 10.1002/ajmg.a.61927