Faculty Profiles - YOKOYAMA Satoshi

Books - YOKOYAMA Satoshi

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'Population dynamics and livelihood change of small-scale society in Laos.' S. Yokoyama et al. (eds) "Population Dynamics and Livelihood Changes of Small-Scale Societies in Laos" Reviewed

Satoshi YOKOYAMA（ Role： Contributor）

Springer Singapore 2025.6 （ ISBN:9819629551 ）

Total pages：251 Responsible for pages：1-15 Language：English Book type：Scholarly book

This prologue reviews previous studies on the relationship between population dynamics and livelihood change, and provides background on the research and an overview of this book. To date, discussions of the relationship between population and livelihoods, particularly food supply, have been conducted from a global perspective. It has been argued that even as population increases, innovations in agricultural technology will prevent food shortages. However, it is difficult to apply discussions at the macro-global level to the micro-village level because people’s real lives are led in small-scale societies. Each small-scale social group has its own unique population dynamics, reproduction, and livelihood structure, and the complex interrelationships among them need to be elucidated. Despite the fact that small-scale social groups in emerging and developing countries constitute the majority of the world’s population, it has been difficult to understand population dynamics in these countries where statistics are not well developed. In this book, we discuss the population dynamics of small-scale social groups in Laos, which still have subsistence livelihood structures, by reconstructing the population, reproduction, and livelihoods of the past three generations and discussing the actual village dynamics where people live.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-96-2956-5_1

'Population dynamics and paddy holdings in remote rural villages of Northern Laos.' S. Yokoyama et al. (eds) "Population Dynamics and Livelihood Changes of Small-Scale Societies in Laos" Reviewed

Satoshi YOKOYAMA, Shinichi TAKAHASHI, Takahito NIWA, Futoshi NISHIMOTO（ Role： Contributor）

Springer Singapore 2025.6 （ ISBN:9819629551 ）

Total pages：251 Responsible for pages：141-170 Language：English Book type：Scholarly book

This study investigated changes in population dynamics and paddy holdings over three generations in two villages established by the Lao people in a basin in northern Laos. In the study area, government policy has promoted migration from mountainous areas since the 1970s. However, there was limited land for new paddy reclamation in the basin, and therefore many residents who migrated from mountainous areas, mainly Khmu people, had limited opportunities to engage in wet-rice cultivation in the basin villages where they resided and ultimately continued the subsistence swidden agriculture they had practiced in the mountainous areas. The common method of acquiring new paddies in basin villages, where it is difficult to develop new paddies, is to purchase paddies from residents who have moved away from the villages. Many residents waited for such opportunities and worked in urban areas to make money to purchase paddies. Migrants from mountainous areas in these basin villages are faced with the choice of staying in the basin, where paddy fields are scarce, or migrating to urban areas. We found that the basin villages functioned as intermediate points for migration between mountainous and urban areas.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-96-2956-5_7

'Growth in the use of modern contraceptive methods and the related social context in a central Laotian farming village.' S. Yokoyama et al. (eds) "Population Dynamics and Livelihood Changes of Small-Scale Societies in Laos" Reviewed

Chihiro SHIRAKAWA, Futoshi NISHIMOTO, Shinichi TAKAHASHI, Satoshi YOKOYAMA（ Role： Contributor）

Springer Singapore 2025.6 （ ISBN:9819629551 ）

Total pages：251 Responsible for pages：117-137 Language：English Book type：Scholarly book

The purpose of this chapter is to reveal the process and characteristics of the growth in the use of modern contraceptive methods in a central Laotian farming village, as well as to consider the social context and background against which that spread took place. In the village that is the subject of this study, the birth rate has fallen since the second half of the 1990s, and the average number of births per woman has been declining as well. It is essential to examine the spread of the use of modern contraceptive methods when seeking to understand such changes. It has become evident that most women in the studied village use such methods, the use of which spread starting in the second half of the 1990s. Meanwhile, in understanding the societal context that led to this spread, a key point is the Lao government’s family planning program that began in 1996. Many women may have begun to use contraceptive methods because of this program. However, a considerable number of women had started using it before this point, the trigger for which can be identified as working abroad in Thailand.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-96-2956-5_6

'Population Growth and Generational Response to Livelihoods in a Rain-fed Paddy Farming Village of Central Laos.' S. Yokoyama et al. (eds) "Population Dynamics and Livelihood Changes of Small-Scale Societies in Laos" Reviewed

Shinichi TAKAHASHI, Satoshi YOKOYAMA, Futoshi NISHIMOTO, Takahito NIWA（ Role： Contributor）

Springer Singapore 2025.6 （ ISBN:9819629551 ）

Total pages：251 Responsible for pages：73-97 Language：English Book type：Scholarly book

In a rain-fed rice farming village located in central Laos, we clarified the relationship between long-term population growth exceeding 2% per year and changes in livelihoods and various activities of villagers by generation. From the first to the fourth generation in the village that was established in the late 1920s, the acquisition of the paddy fields, which was the key to livelihoods, changed from opening paddies to inheritance and then to purchase along with the population growth. Migration to other rural villages increased from the third generation who did not acquire sufficient paddy fields due to population growth. In the fourth generation who experienced continued population growth, the shortage of paddy fields was alleviated by the emergence of circular migrant workers to Thailand. The responses to population growth in this village did not improve agricultural productivity or migration to urban areas instead of the acceleration of rural-to-rural migration against the background of the expansion of paddy fields in central Laos and the increase in number of circular migrant workers to Thailand. In recent years, the spread of family planning has contributed to the end of population growth, which will likely change the direction of rural livelihood transition in this region.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-96-2956-5_4

'Temporal-spatial distribution of swidden agriculturists’ daily activities in Central Laos.' S. Yokoyama et al. (eds) "Population Dynamics and Livelihood Changes of Small-Scale Societies in Laos" Reviewed

Hongwei JiIANG, Ren’ya SATO, Satoshi YOKOYAMA, Futoshi NISHIMOTO（ Role： Contributor）

Springer Singapore 2025.6 （ ISBN:9819629551 ）

Total pages：251 Responsible for pages：45-69 Language：English Book type：Scholarly book

The authors conducted three time-allocation surveys in a Mankhong ethnic minority hamlet in Central Laos, where swidden cultivation, fishing, hunting, and gathering are the main subsistence of the residents. In the surveys, three types of data were collected using the recall method to collect information on daily activities, a GPS logger and accelerometer to collect the spatial information, and energy consumption of daily activities. The results of the data analysis clarified the temporal-spatial pattern of daily activities, such as labor division between male and female adults in working-time allocation and activity space and its gender difference. Furthermore, from the balance of time allocation between various subsistence of swidden agriculturalists in Central Laos, where plantation development is progressing at a rapid pace, the authors tried to provide important clues for understanding the changes in land use and subsistence in the study area.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-96-2956-5_3

'Food procurement strategy of swidden agriculturalists in Central Laos.' S. Yokoyama et al. (eds) "Population Dynamics and Livelihood Changes of Small-Scale Societies in Laos" Reviewed

Ren’ya SATO, Hongwei JIANG, Futoshi NISHIMOTO, Satoshi YOKOYAMA（ Role： Contributor）

Springer Singapore 2025.6 （ ISBN:9819629551 ）

Total pages：251 Responsible for pages：19-43 Language：English Book type：Scholarly book

We conducted a study on the seasonal diet and food acquisition strategies of households in a hamlet inhabited by an ethnic minority (Mankhong) in Xepon district in central Laos, who maintain a subsistence economy by engaging in swidden agriculture, fishing, animal rearing, hunting, and gathering. We adopted the food diary method by which we collected the data of each day’s side dish variety and regarding who acquired the main ingredients for the side dishes. It was concluded that the production-consumption balance in household food acquisition turns from negative to positive when the children are in their teens, suggesting that the contribution of children to household food acquisition as they grow up plays an important role.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-96-2956-5_2

'Rural-rural migration in a rural village, Luang Phabang province, Northern Laos.' S. Yokoyama et al. (eds) "Population Dynamics and Livelihood Changes of Small-Scale Societies in Laos" Reviewed

Takahito NIWA, Futoshi NISHIMOTO, Shinichi TAKAHASHI, Satoshi YOKOYAMA（ Role： Contributor）

Springer Singapore 2025.6 （ ISBN:9819629551 ）

Total pages：251 Responsible for pages：171-189 Language：English Book type：Scholarly book

This study revealed the demographic characteristics of rural regions of Laos from the perspective of rural–rural migration of the population focusing both on immigration and emigration in HB village, Luang Phabang Province. The results showed that both social changes associated with rural–rural migration, such as relocation policies and marriage migration, and natural changes after migration have a significant impact on population dynamics. In order to maximize the livelihood potential in destination villages, migrants consider the possibility of acquiring new farmland, the accessibility of farmland in their previous village, and the availability of kinship networks. The reason for active rural migration is that there is no significant change in livelihoods, mainly agriculture, before and after migration, and therefore migrants are able to continue supporting themselves. However, lowland rice paddies are limited. When it is difficult for relocated households to produce enough rice to sustain their families, they aim to earn cash by migrating to cities.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-96-2956-5_8

Population Dynamics and Livelihood Changes of Small-Scale Societies in Laos Reviewed

Satoshi YOKOYAMA , Takahito NIWA , Hongwei JIANG（ Role： Joint editor）

Springer Singapore 2025.6 （ ISBN:9819629551 ）

Total pages：251 Language：English Book type：Scholarly book

This book examines various trends in small-scale societies in Laos by linking population changes to livelihood changes. The primary research issues addressed in the book are as follows:
- How are population dynamics and livelihood changes in small-scale societies interrelated?
- What are the current demographic trends in rural areas of Laos?
- How are the livelihoods of small-scale societies maintained?
- How is the rapid population growth common in developing countries managed?
In order to investigate these issues in developing countries where statistical data are not well developed, it was necessary to collect information through detailed and distinctive fieldwork. To this end, a multidisciplinary study of geography, cultural anthropology, human ecology, and demography was conducted in three villages in Laos and compiled as an ethnography. The study included a four-generation retrospective survey of population and land use change, a two-year survey of food dairies, and a survey of the spatiotemporal distribution of residents' daily activities using GIS and GPS, etc.
The book provides valuable information on the slowdown in the rate of population growth in contemporary rural Laos. Livelihoods, family planning and population migration are explored in the context of the decreasing population growth rate. In addition, the book describes the process of adopting modern contraceptive methods in rural areas, as well as the Lao government's reproductive policies and villagers' responses to them. It also illustrates rural–rural and rural–urban population migration influenced by the government's resettlement policies, which encourages people to move from the highlands to the lowlands.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-96-2956-5

'The implications for the study on population dynamics and livelihood changes in small-scale communities in Laos.' S. Yokoyama et al. (eds) "Population Dynamics and Livelihood Changes of Small-Scale Societies in Laos" Reviewed

Takahito NIWA, Futoshi NISHIMOTO, Shinichi TAKAHASHI, Satoshi YOKOYAMA（ Role： Contributor）

Springer Singapore 2025.6 （ ISBN:9819629551 ）

Total pages：251 Responsible for pages：237-251 Language：English Book type：Scholarly book

This study describes the research approach adopted to identify population dynamics and livelihood changes in small-scall communities in rural Laos, and what research results were obtained as a result of the study. A diet survey based on a two and a half years’ food diary in a swidden agriculture community in central Laos provided a valuable record of residents’ dietary habits in a rapidly developing frontier region of Southeast Asia. Furthermore, the time allocation survey focused on daily life, which is vulnerable to the influence of market economization, and clarified the subsistence structure. In a village near the Thai border in central Laos, a retrospective survey was conducted to clarify the population dynamics from the establishment of the village to the present day, and the population dynamics and livelihood changes in rural Laos were clarified in light of the impact of migrant workers to Thailand. In the area of mixed ethnic groups in northern Laos, we clarified the problems of livelihood change caused by internal resettlement from the highlands to the basin, based on the possibility of acquiring agricultural land and the actual situation of migrant workers. In each of these areas, the research perspective of household reproduction as it relates to population dynamics was incorporated to discuss future issues in research on small-scall communities.

DOI： 10.1007/978-981-96-2956-5_12

「納豆をフィールドワークする」湯澤規子・伊丹一浩・藤原辰史編『入門食と農の人文学』

横山智（ Role： Contributor）

ミネルヴァ書房 2024.4 （ ISBN:4623097196 ）