Faculty Profiles - SATAKE, Hiroko

Papers - SATAKE, Hiroko

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Predictive Performance of Radiomic Features Extracted from Breast MR Imaging in Postoperative Upgrading of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ to Invasive Carcinoma Reviewed

Satake H, Kinoshita F, Ishigaki S, Kato K, Jo Y, Shimada S, Masuda N, Naganawa S.

Magn Reson Med Sci. 2024.5

Physiological background parenchymal uptake of F-18-FDG in normal breast tissues using dedicated breast PET: correlation with mammographic breast composition, menopausal status, and menstrual cycle

Shimizu Yuri, Satake Hiroko, Ishigaki Satoko, Shimamoto Kazuhiro, Uota Fuga, Tadokoro Masanori, Sato Tomohiro, Kato Katsuhiko, Ishiguchi Tsuneo, Naganawa Shinji

ANNALS OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE Vol. 36 ( 8 ) page： 728 - 735 2022.8

Features from MRI texture analysis associated with survival outcomes in triple-negative breast cancer patients

Kamiya Saki, Satake Hiroko, Hayashi Yoko, Ishigaki Satoko, Ito Rintaro, Kawamura Mariko, Taoka Toshiaki, Iwano Shingo, Naganawa Shinji

BREAST CANCER Vol. 29 ( 1 ) page： 164 - 173 2022.1

Radiomics in breast MRI: current progress toward clinical application in the era of artificial intelligence

Satake Hiroko, Ishigaki Satoko, Ito Rintaro, Naganawa Shinji

RADIOLOGIA MEDICA Vol. 127 ( 1 ) page： 39 - 56 2022.1

Ultrafast Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MRI of the Breast: How Is It Used?

Kataoka Masako, Honda Maya, Ohashi Akane, Yamaguchi Ken, Mori Naoko, Goto Mariko, Fujioka Tomoyuki, Mori Mio, Kato Yutaka, Satake Hiroko, Iima Mami, Kubota Kazunori

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 21 ( 1 ) page： 83 - 94 2022

A Proposed Dedicated Breast PET Lexicon: Standardization of Description and Reporting of Radiotracer Uptake in the Breast

Miyake Kanae K., Kataoka Masako, Ishimori Takayoshi, Matsumoto Yoshiaki, Torii Masae, Takada Masahiro, Satoh Yoko, Kubota Kazunori, Satake Hiroko, Yakami Masahiro, Isoda Hiroyoshi, Ikeda Debra M., Toi Masakazu, Nakamoto Yuji

DIAGNOSTICS Vol. 11 ( 7 ) page： 1267 - - 2021.7

【特集】　マネジメントに苦慮する疾患： Is it benign, malignant or insignificant? 1. 甲状腺病変の診断とマネジメント Reviewed

石垣聡子、佐竹弘子、松本篤子、林　葉子、清水友理、長縄慎二

日獨医報 Vol. 65 ( 1 ) page： 5 - 11 2020.12

A phase I/II trial of intraoperative breast radiotherapy in an Asian population: 10-year results with critical evaluation

Kawamura Mariko, Itoh Yoshiyuki, Kamomae Takeshi, Sawaki Masataka, Kikumori Toyone, Tsunoda Nobuyuki, Ito Junji, Shimoyama Yoshie, Satake Hiroko, Naganawa Shinji

JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH Vol. 61 ( 4 ) page： 602 - 607 2020.7

Kinetic volume analysis on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of triple-negative breast cancer: associations with survival outcomes

Hayashi Yoko, Satake Hiroko, Ishigaki Satoko, Ito Rintaro, Kawamura Mariko, Kawai Hisashi, Iwano Shingo, Naganawa Shinji

BRITISH JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY Vol. 93 ( 1106 ) page： 20190712 2020

3.40歳代における乳がん画像診断のポイント Reviewed

佐竹弘子、飯田葉子、石垣聡子

INNERVISION Vol. 34 ( 8 ) page： 14 - 19 2019.8

MAMMO-PET MRIとの比較における乳房専用PET装置の有用性について Reviewed

佐竹弘子

MEDICAl NOW Vol. 86 ( - ) page： 12 - 14 2019.8

特集　知っておきたい乳癌スクリーニング　序説 Reviewed

佐竹弘子

臨床画像 Vol. 35 ( 7 ) page： 755 - - 2019.7

DCISの診断とマネジメント：画像診断に求められること(Diagnosis and management of ductal carcinoma in situ: what radiologists require Reviewed

佐竹弘子

臨床画像 Vol. 35 ( 7 ) page： 815 - 821 2019.7

Monitoring of fatigue in radiologists during prolonged image interpretation using fNIRS

Nihashi Takashi, Ishigaki Takeo, Satake Hiroko, Ito Shinji, Kaii Osamu, Mori Yoshine, Shimamoto Kazuhiro, Fukushima Hiromichi, Suzuki Kojiro, Umakoshi Hiroyasu, Ohashi Mitsuo, Kawaguchi Fumio, Naganawa Shinji

JAPANESE JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY Vol. 37 ( 6 ) page： 437 - 448 2019.6

特集アドバンストコース Reviewed

佐竹弘子

臨床画像 Vol. 35 ( 1 ) page： 128 - 131 2019.1

頸部 4.甲状腺結節 Reviewed

佐竹弘子

画像診断 Vol. 38 ( 11 ) page： A72-A75 2018.11

特集　乳房画像診断MRIとPET Reviewed

佐竹弘子

臨床画像 Vol. 34 ( 9 ) page： 1018-1019 2018.9

Histogram analysis of quantitative pharmacokinetic parameters on DCE-MRI: correlations with prognostic factors and molecular subtypes in breast cancer.

Nagasaka K, Satake H, Ishigaki S, Kawai H, Naganawa S

Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) 2018.8

甲状腺超音波診断　序説 Reviewed

佐竹弘子

臨床画像 Vol. 33 ( 7 ) page： 835 2017.7

甲状腺超音波診断　びまん性病変の超音波診断 Reviewed

佐竹弘子

臨床画像 Vol. 33 ( 7 ) page： 845-850 2017.7

Visualization of Middle Ear Ossicles in Elder Subjects with Ultra-short Echo Time MR Imaging

Naganawa Shinji, Nakane Toshiki, Kawai Hisashi, Taoka Toshiaki, Suzuki Kojiro, Iwano Shingo, Satake Hiroko, Grodzki David

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICAL SCIENCES Vol. 16 ( 2 ) page： 93 - 97 2017

特集アドバンストコース　vol.32,6月号特集「知っておきたい乳房の画像診断」 Reviewed

佐竹弘子

臨床画像 Vol. 32 ( 10 ) page： 1160-1163 2016.10

序説【特集】知っておきたい乳房の画像診断

佐竹弘子

臨床画像 Vol. 32 ( 6 ) page： 579 2016.6

Visualization of Middle Ear Ossicles in Elder Subjects with Ultra-short Echo Time MR Imaging. Reviewed

Shinji Naganawa, Toshiki Nakane, Hisashi Kawai, Toshiaki Taoka, Kojiro Suzuki, Shingo Iwano, Hiroko Satake, David Grodzki

Magn Reson Med Sci. Vol. 16 ( 2 ) page： 93-97 2016.4

Cochlear Lymph Fluid Signal Increase in Patients with Otosclerosis after Intravenous Administration of Gadodiamide. Reviewed

Shinji Naganawa, Hisashi Kawai, Toshiaki Taoka, Kojiro Suzuki, Shingo Iwano, Hiroko Satake, Michihiko Sone, Mitsuru Ikeda

Magn Reson Med. Vol. 15 ( 3 ) page： 308-315 2016.2

Prediction of prone-to-supine tumor displacement in the breast using patient position change: investigation with prone MRI and supine CT. Reviewed

Hiroko Satake, Satoko Ishigaki, Mariko Kitano, Shinji Naganawa

Breast Cancer. Vol. 23 ( 1 ) page： 149-158 2016.1

Heavily T2-Weighted 3D-FLAIR Improves the Detection of Cochlear Lymph Fluid Signal Abnormalities in Patients with Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

Shinji Naganawa, Hisashi Kawai, Toshiaki Taoka, Kojiro Suzuki, Shingo Iwano, Hiroko Satake, Michihiko Sone, Mitsuru Ikeda

Magn Reson Med Sci. 2015.11

マンモグラフィの診断的位置づけ―最近の乳腺濃度のとらえ方―

佐竹弘子

画像診断 Vol. 35 ( 12 ) page： 1365-1372 2015.9

Background parenchymal enhancement in preoperative breast MRI.

Satoko Kohara, Satoko Ishigaki, Hiroko Satake, Akiko Kawamura, Hisashi Kawai, Toyone Kikumori and Shinji Naganawa

Nagoya J Med Sci Vol. 77 ( 3 ) page： 373-382 2015.8

Prediction of background parenchymal enhancement on breast MRI using mammography, ultrasonography, and diffusion-weighted imaging.

Akiko Kawamura, Hiroko Satake, Satoko Ishigaki, Mitsuru Ikeda, Reiko Kimura, Kazuhiro Shimamoto and Shinji Naganawa

Nagoya J Med Sci Vol. 77 ( 3 ) page： 425-437 2015.8

デジタルマンモグラフィの現状と展望：フォトンカウンテイング技術の仕組みと特徴

飯田葉子、佐竹弘子

Vol. 29 ( 8 ) page： 25-29 2014.8

Ⅱ‐9　乳腺

佐竹弘子

新版基礎からの臨床医学 page： 152-161 2013.10

Ⅱ‐13　代謝・内分泌

佐竹弘子

新版基礎からの臨床医学 page： 181-188 2013.10

Therapeutic strategy for granulomatous lobular mastitis: a clinicopathological study of 12 patients. Reviewed

K AKAHANE, N TAUNODA, M KATO, S NODA, Y SHIMOYAMA, S ISHIGAKI, H SATAKE, S NAKAMURA, M NAGINO,

Nagoya Journal of Medical Science. Vol. 75 ( 3-4 ) page： 193-200 2013.8

乳癌―広がり診断―

佐竹弘子、石垣聡子、長縄慎二

画像診断 Vol. 33 ( 9 ) page： 1044-1051 2013

second look US―切除範囲決定の実際―

佐竹弘子、石垣聡子、長縄慎二

臨床画像 Vol. 29 ( 11 ) page： 1292-1300 2013

Diffusion-weighted imaging of breast masses: comparison of diagnostic performance using various apparent diffusion coefficient parameters

HIRANO MAKI, SATAKE HIROKO, ISHIGAKI SATOKO, IKEDA MITSURU, KAWAI HISASHI, NAGANAWA SHINJI

AJR Am J Roentgenol Vol. 198 ( 3 ) page： 717-722 2012.3

H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the breast at 3.0-T: Comparison of results obtained before and after administration of gadolinium-based contrast agent.

Kawai H, Naganawa S, Satake H, Ishigaki S, Sakurai Y, Mori M, Maruyama K

J Magn Reson Imaging Vol. 35 ( 3 ) page： 717-722 2012.3

乳腺造影3T MRIの診断法と臨床的意義

佐竹弘子、石垣聡子、木村麗子、川井　恒、長縄慎二

INNERVISON Vol. 26 ( 9 ) page： 82-86 2011.9

Predictive value for malignancy of suspicious breast masses of BI-RADS categories 4 and 5 using ultrasound elastography and MR diffusion-weighted imaging.

SATAKE HIROKO,NISHIO AKIKO,IKEDA MITSURU, ISHIGAKI SATOKO, SHIMAMOTO KAZUHIRO, HIRANOMAKI, NAGANAWA SHINJI

AJR Am J Roentgenol ( 196 ) page： 202-209 2011.1

3D-CT Lung Volumetry Using Multidetector Row Computed Tomography: Pulmonary Function of Each Anatomic Lobe.

IWANO SHINGO, OKADA TOHRU, SATAKE HIROKO, NAGANAWA SHINJI

J Thorac Imaging page： . 2011

EARLY PREDICTION OF RESPONSE TO NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY FOR LOCALLY ADVANCED BREAST CANCER USING MRI.

KAWAMURA MARIKO, SATAKE HIROKO, ISHIGAKI SATOKO, NISHIO AKIKO, SAWAKI MASATAKA , NAGANAWA SHINJI

Nagoya J Med Sci Vol. 73 ( 3-4 ) page： 147-156 2011

MR mammography 症例集

佐竹弘子、石垣聡子、木村麗子、長縄慎二

MR mammography 症例集 Vol. , ( , ) page： , 2011

乳腺ー3T MRIによる乳腺画像診断の撮像法と診断的意義

佐竹弘子

INNERVISON Vol. 25 ( 9 ) page： 17-19 2010.9

Diagnostic value of SPIO-mediated breath-hold, black-blood, fluid-attenuated, inversion recovery (BH-BB-FLAIR) imaging in patients with hepatocellular carcinomas.

MATSUSHIMA MASAYA, NAGANAWA SHINJI, IKEDA MITSURU, ITOH SHIGEKI, OGAWA HIROSHI, KOMADA TOMOHIRO, ISHIGAKI SATOKO, KAWAI HISASHI, SUZUKI KOJIRO, SATAKE HIROKO, IWANO SHINGO

Magn Reason Med Sci Vol. 9 ( 2 ) page： 49-58 2010.9

Simultaneous three-dimensional visualization of the intra-parotid facial nerve and parotid duct using a three-dimensional reversed FISP sequence with diffusion weighting.

NAGANAWA SHINJI, ISHIHARA SHUNICHI, SATAKE HIROKO, KAWAI HISASHI, SONE MICHIHIKO, NAKASHIMA TSUTOMU

Magn Reson Med Sc Vol. 9 ( 3 ) page： 153-158 2010.9

Stenosis of the third portion of the duodenum due to bleeding from the anterior pancreaticoduodenal artery: assessment by multiphase contrast-enhanced examination with multislice CT.

ITOH SHIGEKI, MORI YOSHINE, SUZUKI KOJIRO, SATAKE HIROKO, OTA TOYOHIRO, NAGANAWA SHINJI

Abdom Imaging Vol. 35 ( 4 ) page： 393-398 2010.8

Lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing cholangitis: assessment of clinical, CT, and pathological findings.

Itoh Shigeki; Nagasaka T; Suzuki Koujiro; Satake Hiroko; Ota Toyohiro; Naganawa Shinji

Clin Radiol Vol. 64 page： 1104-1114 2009.9

Stenosis of the third portion of the duodenum due to bleeding from the anterior pancreaticoduodenal artery: assessment by multiphase contrast-enhanced examination with multislice CT.

Itoh Shigeki, Mori Yoshine, Suzuki Koujiro, Satake Hiroko, Ota Toyohiro, Naganawa Shinji

Abdom Imaging Vol. in press 2009.7

3D-CT Volumetry of the Lung Using Multi-Detector Row CT: Comparison with Pulmonary Function Tests.

Iwano S, Okada T, Satake H, Naganawa S

Acad Radiol ( 16 ) page： 250-256 2009.3

乳腺画像診断におけるReal-time Virtual Sonographyの有用性ー放射線科医の観点からー

佐竹弘子

MEDIX Vol. 51 page： 4-7 2009

*乳腺領域におけるReal-time Virtual Sonography の臨床的有用性について

佐竹弘子、西尾明子、石垣聡子、川村麻里子、長縄慎二

Jpn J Med Ultrasonics Vol. 36 ( 6 ) page： 669-678 2009

MRマンモグラフィの新しい展開

佐竹弘子

映像情報 Vol. 40 ( 2 ) page： 1115-1119 2008.11

Communication between cochlear perilymph and cerebrospinal fluid through the cochlear modiolus visualized after intratympanic administration of Gd-DTPA.

Naganawa, Shinji, Satake, Hiroko, Iwano, Shingo, Sone, Michihiko, Nakashima, Tsutomu

Radiat Med Vol. 26 ( , ) page： 597-602 2008.9

乳癌画像のすべて　CTと超音波画像

佐竹弘子

臨床画像 Vol. 24 ( 4 ) page： 455-460 2008.4

*Separate visualization of endolymphatic space, perilymphatic space and bone by a single pulse sequence; 3D-inversion recovery imaging utilizing real reconstruction after intratympanic Gd-DTPA administration at 3 Tesla.

Naganawa S, Satake H, Kawamura M, Fukatsu H, Sone M, Nakashima T

Eur Radiol Vol. - 2008.3

Neuroendocrine tumor in the breast.

Ogawa H, Nishio A, Satake H, Naganawa S, Imai T, Sawaki M, Yamamoto E, Miyata T.

Radiat Med Vol. 26 ( 1 ) page： 28-32 2008.1

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

A 34-year-old woman with a past history of a carcinoid tumor in the right ovary presented with a right breast mass found on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the chest. She was asymptomatic, and her blood tests were normal. The mass measured about 2 cm. Mammography showed a lobular, circumscribed, high-density mass without microcalcifications in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast. Ultrasonography showed an irregular mass with both hypoechoic and hyperechoic components with increased vascularity. The mass was well enhanced on contrast-enhanced CT and dynamic magnetic resonance imaging. At the same time, a well-enhanced small nodule was detected in the pouch of Douglas. Both of the tumors were resected, and a primary breast neuroendocrine tumor (solid neuroendocrine carcinoma) and peritoneal dissemination of the ovarian carcinoid tumor were diagnosed.

Imaging endolymphatic hydrops at 3 tesla using 3D-FLAIR with intratympanic Gd-DTPA administration.

Naganawa, Shinji; Satake, Hiroko; Iwano, Shingo; Fukatsu, Hiroshi; Sone, Michihiko; Nakashima, Tsutomu

Magn Reson Med Sci Vol. 7 page： 85-91 2008

RVS（Real-time Virtual Sonography）技術の乳腺領域への応用

佐竹弘子、西尾明子、石垣聡子、福原理恵子、島本佳寿広、今井常夫、小田高司、菊森豊根、澤木正孝、長縄慎二

乳癌の臨床 Vol. 22 ( 5 ) page： 438(86)-439(87) 2007.10

Application of subsecond rotation scan to helical CT for lung cancer screening.

Mori, Yoshine; Itoh, Shigeki; Ikeda, Mitsuru; Sawaki, Akiko; Suzuki, Koujiro; Iwano, Shingo; Satake, Hiroko; Arahata, Shoji; Ota, Toyohiro; Ishigaki, Takeo

Nagoya J Med Sci Vol. 68 page： 139-145 2006

RVS技術の乳腺領域への臨床応用:非触知病変に対する有用性

澤木明子, 佐竹弘子, 石垣聡子, 石垣武男, 島本佳寿広, 小田高司, 今井常夫, 長坂徹朗, 荒井修, 三竹毅

超音波医学 Vol. 33 page： S294 2006

16列マルチスライスCTによる膵頭部のCT arteriographyにおける画像作成条件の検討

石垣聡子, 伊藤茂樹, 鈴木耕次郎, 佐竹弘子, 池田充, 石垣武男

日本医学放射線学会 page： S296 2006

Real Virtual Sonography(RVS)を用いた乳房温存術ナビゲーションシステムの開発

佐竹弘子, 澤木明子, 石垣聡子, 福原理恵子, 島本佳寿広, 今井常夫, 小田高司, 菊森豊根, 石垣武男

日本乳癌学会総会プログラム抄録集 Vol. 203 2006

乳癌の拡がり診断　RVS(Real-time Virtual Sonography)によるUSとCTの対比

澤木明子, 佐竹弘子, 石垣聡子, 福原理恵子, 石垣武男, 島本佳寿広, 小田高司, 菊森豊根, 今井常夫, 長坂徹郎

日本乳癌学会総会プログラム抄録集 Vol. 271 2006

【超音波画像診断の最新技術と臨床活用　最新技術をキーワードで斬る】 RVS　RVS(Real-time Virtual Sonography)技術の乳腺領域への臨床応用

佐竹弘子, 澤木明子, 長縄慎二, 三竹毅, 荒井修

DIGITAL MEDICINE Vol. 6 page： 56-59 2006

Authorship：Lead author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

RVS(Real-time Virtual Sonography)は、取得しておいたCTデータからUS走査に同期させてCTMPR画像を並列描画させるシステムである。乳腺の画像診断における有用性が高く、従来同定できなかった乳癌の検出に有効的新技術と考える。

Intra- and Interobserver Agreement and Performance Score of Breast Phantom ImageInterpretation:Influence of Ambient Room Lighting Levels

Kazuyuki Koyama,Kazuhiro Shimamoto,Mitsuru Ikeda,Hideyuki Muramoto,Hiroko Satake,Akiko Sawaki,Katsuhiko Kato,Hiromichi Fukushima, Takeo Ishigaki

Nagoya J.Med.Sci. Vol. 68 page： 147-153 2006

Diagnostic value of curved multiplanar reformatted images in multislice CT for the detection of resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Fukushima H, Itoh S, Takada A, Mori Y, Suzuki K, Sawaki A, Iwano S, Satake H, Ota T, Ikeda M, Ishigaki T

Eur Radiol Vol. 16 page： 1709-1718 2006

The effect of patient age on contrast enhancement during CT of the pancreatobiliary region.

Itoh S, Ikeda M, Satake H, Ota T, Ishigaki T

AJR Am J Roentgenol Vol. 187 page： 505-510 2006

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to assess whether it is possible to reduce the dose and rate of contrast material injection in elderly patients in triple-phase contrast-enhanced CT of the pancreatobiliary region with an MDCT scanner. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: One hundred twelve patients were divided into three groups: contrast injection at 0.08 mL/kg body weight/s (an upper limit of 5 mL/s) over 30 seconds in patients 60 years old or younger (group 1, n = 49), the same contrast injection as group 1 in patients more than 60 years old (group 2, n = 32), and contrast injection at 0.07 mL/kg body weight/s (an upper limit of 4.5 mL/s) over 30 seconds in patients more than 60 years old (group 3, n = 31). Contrast enhancement in the aorta, portal venous system, pancreas, and liver was assessed quantitatively. Two radiologists blinded to the patients' clinical information and the injection protocol used to acquire the CT images graded the degree of contrast enhancement using a 5-point scoring system. The results for the different groups were statistically compared. RESULTS: Contrast enhancement in the main phases for all organs was significantly more intense in group 2 than in groups 1 and 3. Cases in which pancreatic enhancement in the pancreatic phase was graded as excessive were more frequently observed in group 2. No statistically significant differences were observed between groups 1 and 3 in either quantitative or visual assessment for enhancement of any organ in any phase. CONCLUSION: We recommend reducing the dose and rate of contrast material injection by at least 10% for elderly patients undergoing MDCT examination of the pancreatobiliary region.

Assessment of anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal junction with high-resolution multiplanar reformatted images in MDCT.

Itoh S, Fukushima H, Takada A, Suzuki K, Satake H, Ishigaki T

AJR Am J Roentgenol Vol. 187 page： 668-675 2006

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to assess the capabilities of MDCT for the diagnosis of an anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal junction using high-resolution multiplanar reformatted (multiplanar reconstruction) images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included nine patients with and 54 without an anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal junction confirmed on direct cholangiopancreatography. Multiplanar reconstruction images with 0.5-mm continuous slices were generated from isotropic or nearly isotropic pancreatic phase images. By mainly interpreting the multiplanar reconstruction images using the Scrolling mode, two blinded reviewers independently determined whether the confluence of the pancreatic and biliary ducts joined in the pancreatic parenchyma (in other words, outside the duodenal wall). The results were correlated with the findings of direct cholangiopancreatography. The diagnostic capabilities of CT for revealing associated pancreatobiliary diseases were assessed in patients with this anomaly. RESULTS: Interobserver agreement in the classification of the duct confluence was high (kappa = 0.804). The duct confluence was identified in all patients except four without an anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal junction. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of CT for diagnosing an anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal junction were 100% (9 of 9 patients), 87% (47 of 54 patients), 89% (56 of 63 patients), 75% (9 of 12 patients), and 100% (47 of 47 patients) in the final decisions, respectively. CT showed all associated pancreatobiliary diseases except bile duct stones in two patients. CONCLUSION: MDCT enabled the diagnosis of an anomalous pancreaticobiliary ductal junction by showing whether the pancreatic and biliary ducts join within the pancreatic parenchyma on high-resolution multiplanar reconstruction images.

CT depiction of small arteries in the pancreatic head: assessment using coronal reformatted images with 16-channel multislice CT.

Ishigaki S, Itoh S, Satake H, Ota T, Ishigaki T

Abdom Imaging Vol. 32 page： 215-223 2006

Three-phase CT examination of the pancreatobiliary region using multislice CT with 1-mm collimation.

Itoh S, Suzuki K, Iwano S, Satake H, Ota T, Ikeda M, Ishigaki T

Radiat Med Vol. 23 page： 283-291 2005

造影3D-CTガイド下の乳腺部分切除術におけるVideo Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery marker使用経

小田高司, 加藤雅通, 亀井桂太郎, 加藤万事, 窪田智行, 椰野正人, 佐竹弘子, 澤木明子, 石垣武男, 二村雄次

日本乳癌学会総会プログラム抄録集 Vol. 264 2005

Branch duct-type intraductal papillary mucinous tumor: diagnostic value of multiplanar reformatted images in multislice CT.

Takada A, Itoh S, Suzuki K, Iwano S, Satake H, Ota T, Ikeda M, Ishigaki T

Eur Radiol Vol. 15 page： 1888-1897 2005

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The object of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of high-resolution multiplanar reformatted (MPR) images obtained by multislice CT in demonstrating connection between pancreatic cystic lesions and the main pancreatic duct. The study included 27 lesions with connection to the main pancreatic duct and 12 lesions without. All but one of the former lesions were branch duct-type intraductal papillary mucinous tumors (IPMTs). Oblique and curved MPR images with 0.5 mm continuous slices were generated from pancreatic-phase axial images reconstructed with 0.5 mm or 1 mm thickness at 0.5 mm intervals over a 260 mm field of view. The diagnostic capabilities for demonstrating connection with the main pancreatic duct were compared among axial images, MPR images, and both axial and MPR images in combination using the Brier score. The diagnosis in MPR images for demonstrating connection was more certain than that in axial images (P<0.05). Compared with MPR images alone, the use of both axial and MPR images resulted in further improvements in diagnostic performance, although the difference was not statistically significant. The use of high-resolution MPR images significantly improves diagnostic performance for demonstrating connection between pancreatic cystic lesions and the main pancreatic duct, which is useful for the diagnosis of branch duct-type IPMT.

Multiphase contrast-enhanced CT of the liver with a multislice CT scanner: effects of iodine concentration and delivery rate.

Itoh S, Ikeda M, Achiwa M, Satake H, Ota T, Ishigaki T

Radiat Med Vol. 23 page： 61-69 2005

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

PURPOSE: To determine whether or not high-concentration contrast material is useful in multiphase contrast-enhanced CT of the liver with a multislice CT scanner. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred twenty-four examinations, in which first- and second-pass acquisitions (double arterial phase imaging) were performed during a single breath-hold followed by third-pass acquisition, were randomized into three protocols: contrast injection at 0.07 mL/kg body weight/sec over 30 sec at an iodine concentration of 300 mgI/mL in group 1, contrast injection at 0.06 mL/kg body weight/sec over 30 sec at an iodine concentration of 350 mgI/mL in group 2, and contrast injection at 0.07 mL/kg body weight/sec over 25.7 sec at an iodine concentration of 350 mgI/mL in group 3. Each group received an equivalent iodine dose per kg body weight (2.1 mL/kg of contrast material of 300 mgI/mL). Contrast enhancement in each acquisition was measured in the aorta, portal vein, and liver. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were seen between groups 1 and 2 in any enhancement in any acquisition. In group 3, aortic enhancement in the first-pass acquisition was significantly more intense than in groups 1 and 2, while portal venous enhancement and hepatic enhancement were equivalent. CONCLUSION: Shortening the injection duration for a given iodine dose with high-concentration contrast material (group 3) can achieve improved arterial enhancement on arterial phase images.

Diagnostic value of multislice computed tomography for pancreas divisum: assessment with oblique coronal reconstruction images.

Itoh S, Takada A, Satake H, Ota T, Ishigaki T

J Comput Assist Tomogr Vol. 29 page： 452-460 2005

Multi-slice CT of thyroid nodules: comparison with ultrasonography.

Ishigaki S, Shimamoto K, Satake H, Sawaki A, Itoh S, Ikeda M, Ishigaki T, Imai T

Radiat Med Vol. 22 page： 346-353 2004

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) in comparison with ultrasonography (US) for the differentiation of benign from malignant thyroid nodules and the evaluation of tumor extension. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients with thyroid nodules (14 malignant, 16 benign) who underwent both MSCT and US participated in the present study. MSCT with contrast enhancement was performed, and 3D shaded volume rendering (SVR) and multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) were employed to differentiate benign from malignant nodules and to evaluate tumor extension. US images were obtained using a 7.5 MHz annular array probe. A three-point rating scale was used for image interpretation, and the kappa statistic was employed to evaluate agreement between MSCT and US. RESULTS: Sensitivity in differentiating benign from malignant nodules was found to be 85.7% for US and 78.6% for MSCT. Disagreement between MSCT and US occurred in assessing the homogeneity of the solid component and the presence of fibrous capsule. In two of seven T4 cases, MPR provided a more accurate diagnosis than US examination in detecting extracapsular invasion. CONCLUSION: For differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules, US was found to be better than MSCT. However, MSCT could be useful for the evaluation of advanced cases with suspicion of extracapsular extension.

Late-arterial and portal-venous phase imaging of the liver with a multislice CT scanner in patients without circulatory disturbances: automatic bolus tracking or empirical scan delay?

Itoh S, Ikeda M, Achiwa M, Satake H, Iwano S, Ishigaki T

Eur Radiol Vol. 14 page： 1665-1673 2004

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The value of automatic bolus tracking in late-arterial and portal-venous phase imaging of the liver with a multislice CT scanner as compared with fixed time-delay examination in patients without circulatory disturbances is evaluated. For the evaluation of known or suspected liver disease, 98 multiphase contrast-enhanced CT examinations including double late-arterial phase imaging were randomized into either scanning with a scan delay of 30 s from the beginning of contrast material injection or scanning with automatic bolus tracking. Contrast material was injected at 0.07 ml/kg body weight/s over 30 s. Contrast enhancement in each acquisition was measured in the aorta, portal vein, liver, pancreas and hepatocellular carcinomas. The density difference between hepatocellular carcinomas and the hepatic parenchyma was calculated. The mean time to the first-pass acquisition as determined by automatic bolus tracking was 29.6 s. No statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups either in any enhancement in any acquisition or in the lesion-to-liver density difference. The use of automatic bolus tracking in late-arterial and portal-venous phase hepatic CT does not significantly improve the degree of contrast enhancement in the aorta, portal vein, liver and pancreas or lesion-to-liver conspicuity in patients without circulatory disturbances.

Solitary pulmonary nodules: optimal slice thickness of high-resolution CT in differentiating malignant from benign.

Iwano S, Makino N, Ikeda M, Itoh S, Tadokoro M, Satake H, Ishigaki T

Clin Imaging Vol. 28 page： 322-328 2004

Evaluation of abdominal aortic aneurysm for endovascular stent-grafting with volume-rendered CT images of vessel lumen and thrombus.

Fukuhara R, Ishiguchi T, Ikeda M, Ota T, Takai K, Satake H, Ishigaki T

Radiat Med Vol. 22 page： 332-341 2004

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy of CT images of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) with volume-rendered (VR) display of vessel lumen and thrombus and to evaluate its usefulness in the planning of stent-grafting. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Helical CT was performed in 11 patients with AAA. Volume data of the vessel lumen and thrombus were separately extracted, and the VR images were reconstructed. Vessel measurements were made by five radiologists and compared with the axial and multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) images. Angiography and intravascular ultrasonography were used as standard references. The relations of aneurysmal sac to the major arterial branches and the subjective overall diagnostic value were evaluated by using a continuous rating scale. RESULTS: Accuracy of measurements was higher on VR images than on axial/MPR in 7 of 13 regions. Interobserver variance of VR images was smaller in 7 of 14 regions. Detection of renal and internal iliac artery involvements was better on VR images (p<0.05). Overall diagnostic value was also higher on VR images (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: VR CT images of vessel lumen and thrombus are supportive of and supplementary to conventional axial/MPR images in planning stent-grafting for AAA.

Usefulness of a method for changing tube current during helical scanning in multislice CT.

Kojima M, Itoh S, Ikeda M, Satake H, Koyama S, Aoyama T, Watanabe N, Ishigaki T

Radiat Med Vol. 21 page： 193-204 2003

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

PURPOSE: To determine whether employing a method for changing the tube current during helical scanning helps to adapt the image noise among various sections of the upper abdomen and chest in multislice computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred CT examinations of the upper abdomen were assigned to one of two scanning protocols: standard scanning with a constant tube current and scanning with the changing method based on protocol 1. One hundred fifty CT examinations of the chest were assigned to one of three protocols: standard scanning with a constant tube current and scanning with the changing method based on protocols 1 and 2. In protocol 1, the tube current for each rotation was reduced in proportion to the water equivalent thickness based on the rotation showing the maximum value, while, in protocol 2, the tube current was increased in proportion to the water equivalent thickness based on the rotation showing the minimum value. The mean tube current, mean standard deviations (SDs) of the measured CT numbers, and dispersion of the SDs were compared between the different protocols. RESULTS: In the upper abdomen, the use of the changing method based on protocol 1 resulted in a significant reduction in the dispersion of the SDs of CT numbers, with no increase in mean tube current or mean SDs. In the chest, use of the changing method based on protocol 2 resulted in a significant reduction in the dispersion of the SDs of CT numbers, with a reduction in mean tube current and no increase in mean SDs. CONCLUSION: The method for changing tube current during helical scanning makes it possible to adapt the image noise among various sections of the upper abdomen and chest without increasing dose in multislice CT.

Assessment of the pancreatic and intrapancreatic bile ducts using 0.5-mm collimation and multiplanar reformatted images in multislice CT.

Itoh S, Ikeda M, Ota T, Satake H, Takai K, Ishigaki T

Eur Radiol Vol. 13 page： 277-285 2003

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Our objective was to evaluate the ability of multiplanar reformatted (MPR) images combined with 0.5-mm axial images to depict the pancreatic and intrapancreatic bile ducts and compare the results with those of 0.5-mm axial, 2-mm axial, and 6-mm axial images alone. Seventy-seven patients without obstruction of the main pancreatic ducts (MPD) underwent dual-phase helical scanning of the pancreas using multislice computed tomography (MSCT). The MPR images were generated from 0.5-mm-thick images. Visualization of the pancreatic and intrapancreatic bile ducts and their confluence was graded on a four-point scale by a consensus of two radiologists. The results for 0.5-mm axial images in early-phase CT, 2-mm axial images in early-phase CT, MPR images combined with 0.5-mm axial images in early-phase CT, and 6-mm axial images in late-phase CT were then compared. The relationships of the focal pancreatic lesions with the pancreatic ducts were analyzed. The MPR images combined with 0.5-mm axial images were significantly superior to the other three types of images for the visualization of the pancreatic and intrapancreatic bile ducts and their confluence (p<0.01). The depiction rate of the MPD using MPR images combined with 0.5-mm axial images was 94, 94, 95, and 75%, respectively in the head, neck, body, and tail of the pancreas. Accessory pancreatic ducts, intrapancreatic bile ducts, and duct confluence were depicted in 48, 99, and 92%, respectively. In comparison with evaluation based on axial images alone, the use of MPR images more clearly demonstrated the relationship between the lesions and the pancreatic ducts in 14 of 19 lesions. The MPR images combined with 0.5-mm axial images improve the CT depiction of the pancreatic and intrapancreatic bile ducts in comparison with 0.5-mm axial, 2-mm axial, and 6-mm axial images alone.

Multiphase contrast-enhanced CT of the liver with a multislice CT scanner.

Itoh S, Ikeda M, Achiwa M, Ota T, Satake H, Ishigaki T

Eur Radiol Vol. 13 page： 1085-1094 2003

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Our objective was to assess the effects of the injection rate of contrast material and of a 5% dextrose flush on enhancement in multiphase hepatic CT using a multislice CT scanner. Most patients had chronic hepatitis and/or liver cirrhosis. One hundred eighty examinations, in which two sequential acquisitions were performed during a single breath-hold followed by third- and fourth-pass acquisitions, were randomized into four protocols: contrast injection at 0.1 ml/kg body weight s(-1) over 21 s without and with a 30-ml flush in groups 1 and 2, respectively, and contrast injection at 0.07 ml/kg body weight s(-1) over 30 s without and with a flush in groups 3 and 4, respectively. Contrast enhancement in each acquisition was measured in the aorta, portal vein, and liver. The visualization of hepatic arterial branches was scored by visual assessment. The highest aortic enhancement was observed in the first-pass acquisition in all groups. At the higher injection rate (groups 1 and 2), aortic enhancement in the first-pass acquisition was significantly more intense, whereas portal venous and hepatic enhancement was significantly less intense. The use of a flush considerably improved aortic enhancement at the beginning of the second-pass acquisition. In the visual assessment of hepatic arterial branches, the protocols with the higher injection rate received significantly higher grades. Multislice CT permits the entire liver to be imaged during an almost exclusively arterial phase by shortening the injection duration for a given volume of contrast material.

The role of contrast-enhanced MR mammography for determining candidates for breast conservation surgery.

Zhang Y, Fukatsu H, Naganawa S, Satake H, Sato Y, Ohiwa M, Endo T, Ichihara S, Ishigaki T

Breast Cancer Vol. 9 ( 3 ) page： 231-239 2002

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of preoperative magnetic resonance mammography (MRM) on the surgical determination of breast conservation treatment for breast cancer patients. METHODS: From September 1997 to March 2000, 57 consecutive breast conservation treatment candidates were prospectively evaluated with conventional imaging studies (mammography and ultrasonography) and preoperative MRM. RESULTS: In 47 of 54 (87% ) breast cancer patients breast conservation surgery (BCS) was indicated on the basis of mammography (MMG) and ultrasonography (US). However in 40 of the 54 (74% ) patients BCS was indicated on the basis of MRM. Thirty-eight of the 40 patients ultimately underwent BCS and only 1 showed a positive margin. There were 7 patients whose MRM findings suggested that more aggressive treatment than BCS was needed but for whom US/MMG suggested that BCS was appropriate. Five of the 7 patients underwent mastectomy rather than BCS based on the MRM findings, which were justified by post-surgical histological findings. Of the 2 remaining patients who underwent BCS, one had a positive histological margin and one had recurrence, both of which resulted in salvage mastectomy. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that high resolution preoperative MRM provides more accurate information compared with US and MMG for selecting candidates for BCS. Using MRM as a routine staging tool may reduce unnecessary repeated excisions. A larger study will be required to confirm these findings and to define the patients most likely to benefit from breast MR imaging.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma showing iso-attenuation in early-phase contrast-enhanced CT: comparison with histopathological findings.

Itoh S, Satake H, Ohta T, Asai H, Endo T, Ishigaki T

Radiat Med Vol. 20 page： 59-67 2002

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

PURPOSE: To clarify the CT characteristics and histopathological findings of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas that are not detected in early-phase contrast-enhanced CT images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The CT findings of eight patients with histopathologically proven pancreatic carcinomas that were not detected in early-phase images following the rapid injection of contrast material were reviewed. The examinations consisted of pre-contrast-enhanced CT and multi-phase contrast-enhanced CT, with thin-section scanning in each patient. The CT findings were compared with those of the resected specimens. RESULTS: In all cases but one, the lesion was in the pancreatic head. In seven cases, the tumor did not appear as a focal area of hypoattenuation compared with surrounding pancreatic parenchyma in early-phase images, and in the remaining case, small areas of poor enhancement were observed. In late-phase images, hyperattenuated and isoattenuated areas were seen in six and two cases, respectively. In all but one case, the lesion was less than 40 mm in size. All lesions were composed of acinar tissues and tumor cells, and contained small amounts of mucin, necrotic tissue, and pus. The fibrous tissues were not abundant and were interlobular and/or relatively loose. CONCLUSION: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas showing isoattenuation in early-phase images tend to be relatively mild lesions with scirrhous and/or desmoplastic changes.

*Interobserver agreement and performance score comparison in quality control using a breast phantom: screen-film mammography vs computed radiography.

Shimamoto K, Ikeda M, Satake H, Ishigaki S, Sawaki A, Ishigaki T

Eur Radiol Vol. 12 page： 2192-2197 2002

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Our objective was to evaluate interobserver agreement and to compare the performance score in quality control of screen-film mammography and computed radiography (CR) using a breast phantom. Eleven radiologists interpreted a breast phantom image (CIRS model X) by four viewing methods: (a) original screen-film; (b) soft-copy reading of the digitized film image; (c) hard-copy reading of CR using an imaging plate; and (d) soft-copy reading of CR. For the soft-copy reading, a 17-in. CRT monitor (1024x1536x8 bits) was used. The phantom image was evaluated using a scoring system outlined in the instruction manual, and observers judged each object using a three-point rating scale: (a) clearly seen; (b) barely seen; and (c) not seen. For statistical analysis, the kappa statistic was employed. For "mass" depiction, interobserver agreement using CR was significantly lower than when using screen-film ( p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the kappa value for detecting "microcalcification"; however, the performance score of "microcalcification" on CR hard-copy was significantly lower than on the other three viewing methods ( p<0.05). Viewing methods (film or CR, soft-copy or hard-copy) could affect how the phantom image is judged. Paying special attention to viewing conditions is recommended for quality control of CR mammograms.

Lung: feasibility of a method for changing tube current during low-dose helical CT.

Itoh S, Ikeda M, Mori Y, Suzuki K, Sawaki A, Iwano S, Satake H, Arahata S, Isomura T, Ozaki M, Ishigaki T

Radiology Vol. 224 page： 905-912 2002

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

A method for changing the tube current during helical scanning was applied to low-dose computed tomography (CT) in the lung. The changing method resulted in significant equalization of image noise in various lung sections compared with that at scanning with constant tube current. Detectability of nodules was equivalent between 60 mA and the changing method, whereas degradation occurred at 20 mA. This method seems feasible for the low-dose CT of lung cancer screening.

Display method can affect interobserver agreement: comparison of 'zoom-and-pan' and 'browse-and-paste' for primary CT interpretation.

Hirota H, Shimamoto K, Ikeda M, Ishigaki T, Maruyama K, Yamada T, Satake H, Ishiguchi T, Takahashi Y, Nishihara E

Comput Med Imaging Graph Vol. 25 page： 327-333 2001

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

Eight radiologists interpreted body CT images of 30 cases using a viewing station (six 17-in. monitors, 1024x1280). Using two different display methods, 'zoom-and-pan' and 'browse-and-paste', the readers described the presence or absence of liver tumors using a five-point rating scale and temporal changes between the current and previous studies using a seven-point rating scale. There was no significant difference in kappa values for tumor detection between the two display modes. However, in describing temporal changes, the kappa value of the browse-and-paste was significantly lower than that of zoom-and-pan (p<0.01). Browse-and-paste may have the disadvantage of greater interobserver variation.

*Role of ultrasonography in the detection of intraductal spread of breast cancer: correlation with pathologic findings, mammography and MR imaging.

Satake H, Shimamoto K, Sawaki A, Niimi R, Ando Y, Ishiguchi T, Ishigaki T, Yamakawa K, Nagasaka T, Funahashi H

Eur Radiol Vol. 10 page： 1726-1732 2000

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The purpose of this study was to assess the role of US in the detection of intraductal spread of breast cancer in comparison with mammography (MMG) and MRI. In 46 patients with breast cancer, US features of the intraductal component were classified as ductal type or distorted type. Histopathologically, 29 of 46 (63%) cases had intraductal components, and the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy rates in detection of intraductal spread were 89, 76, and 85%, respectively. Each US pattern demonstrated good correspondence to the histologic components, and the distorted type correlated well with comedo-type carcinoma. Mammography was performed in all cases, and the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy rates in detection of intraductal spread were 55, 100, and 72%, respectively. In comedo type, MMG could diagnose the extent of intraductal spread more accurately compared with US examination. Magnetic resonance imaging comparison was available in 25 cases. Magnetic resonance imaging depicted intraductal extension as an enhanced area during the early phase of a contrast enhancement study with a sensitivity of 93%. Ultrasound and MRI were closely related in terms of morphologic characteristics: the ductal type of US image correlated well with linear enhancement on MRI, whereas the distorted type correlated with regional or segmental enhancement. Current US examination is useful in depicting the intraductal spread of breast cancer; however, US has a tendency to underestimate intraductal component of comedo type compared with MMG and MRI.

Breast ultrasonography: diagnostic efficacy of a computer-aided diagnostic system using fuzzy inference.

Sawaki A, Shimamoto K, Satake H, Ishigaki T, Koyama S, Obata Y, Ikeda M

Radiat Med Vol. 17 page： 41-45 1999

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

We have developed a computer-aided diagnostic (CAD) system using fuzzy inference for breast sonography and have evaluated the performance of the system. Our CAD system is not an automated image processing method, but requires the observer's subjective "scoring." Seven radiologists interpreted 54 breast mass lesions (24 malignant, 30 benign). Six criteria (shape, border, halo, internal echoes, posterior echoes, and edge shadows) were scored using a five-point rating scale. The output was described as a real number from 0.0 to 1.0. For cancer diagnosis, the sensitivity of the radiologists, a six-criteria CAD version, and a four-criteria version (excluding posterior echoes and edge shadows) were 63.1%, 82.1%, and 78.0%, respectively. Specificity was 71.0%, 42.9%, and 51.0%, respectively, while accuracy was 67.5%, 60.3%, and 63.0%, respectively. No significant differences in the areas under ROC curve (Az) were found between the observers and CAD system. Several cases assessed as false-negative by observers were correctly diagnosed by the CAD system, and diagnostic efficacy could be improved, especially among novice sonographers. Although the system's high false-positive rate needs to be reduced, it will assist radiologists in generating a level of suspicion for malignancy.

Interobserver agreement in sonographic diagnosis of breast tumors.

Shimamoto K, Sawaki A, Ikede M, Satake H, Naganawa S, Tadokoro M, Isomura T, Hirota H, Ishigaki T

Eur J Ultrasound Vol. 8 ( 1 ) page： 25-31 1998

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate interobserver agreement in the interpretation of breast ultrasonography. METHODS: 55 breast masses (30 benign, 24 malignant) were interpreted by seven radiologists using a CRT viewing station. US criteria for differentiating between benign and malignant lesions included shape, border, boundary echoes, internal echoes, posterior echoes, and bilateral shadows. Each criterion and the observers' final impression was scored using the 5-point rating scales. For analyzing interobserver agreement, the kappa (kappa) values were employed. RESULTS: The kappa values of shape and posterior echoes were significantly higher than those of the other four criteria (P<0.05). Agreement was intermediate in border and internal echoes, and was low in boundary echoes and bilateral shadows. Agreement in the senior group (four observers) was relatively higher than that in the junior group (three observers) for all criteria but for internal echoes. Easily-diagnosed cases showed significantly higher kappa values compared with more ambiguous cases (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Interobserver agreement in shape and posterior echoes was significantly higher than those of the other four criteria. Agreement was significantly dependent on case difficulty.Copyright 1998 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd.

Preoperative staging of thyroid papillary carcinoma with ultrasonography.

Shimamoto K, Satake H, Sawaki A, Ishigaki T, Funahashi H, Imai T

Eur J Radiol Vol. 29 page： 4-10 1998

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonography including Doppler flow imaging for the preoperative staging of thyroid papillary carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 77 patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma who underwent total thyroidectomy, the accuracy of ultrasonography in preoperative clinical staging was assessed with use of pathologic examination on the basis of TNM classification by the International Union Against Cancer (UICC). RESULTS: In 63 (81.8%) cases, T categories were estimated accurately. The sensitivity in depicting tumor extension into the prethyroidal muscle and/or the sternocleidomastoid muscle was 77.8%, whereas the sensitivity for invasion into the trachea and the esophagus was 42.9 and 28.6%, respectively. In 37 (48.1%) cases, N categories were underestimated, and the sensitivity in the detection of regional lymph node metastasis was 36.7%. Doppler flow imaging was performed in 36 patients, and no correlation was found between flow patterns and the presence of local invasion or regional lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSION: Ultrasonography was useful for preoperative investigation of thyroid papillary carcinoma, but several limitations existed, especially in evaluating extracapsular invasion to deep locations and regional lymph node metastasis.

*Value of ultrasonography and galactography in dilated ducts or cysts of the breast.

Satake H, Shimamoto K, Endo T, Ishigaki T, Funahashi H.

European Journal of Ultrasound Vol. 6 page： 127-130 1997.6

[Helical CT for lung-cancer screening: fourth report. Detectability of pulmonary lesions]

Itoh S, Satake H, Katoh T, Isomura T, Ikeda M, Ishigaki T

Nippon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi Vol. 56 page： 1039-1044 1996

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

The detectability of various abnormal findings in helical screening CT(HSCT) with low-dose and single-breath-hold scanning of the lung was examined using conventional CT as a gold standard. In 75 patients, HSCT was obtained with scanning parameters of 120kVp, 50 mA, 10 mm-collimation. 20 mm/second and 1 sec/rotation. Conventional CT was obtained with 150 mA and 10 mm-slice contiguous scanning HSCT depicted 141 of 159 focal lesions in nodules and masses (65 of 69 lesions more than 5mm in size), 44 of 47 in infiltrative lesions, 11 of 11 in reticular lesions and 23 of 39 in bullae and blebs. There were only 3 false positive lesions in nodule and mass. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of HSCT for diffuse lesions were 100% (11/11), 95% (61/64) and 96% (72/75) for fibrotic change and 75% (9/12), 100% (63/63) and 96% (72/75) for emphysematous change, respectively. Since the detectability of HSCT was good for abnormal findings, showing increased attenuation in comparison with the lung parenchyma, it was considered to be a promising method for lung-cancer screening.

[Helical CT for lung-cancer screening: third report: fundamental study for ultralow-dose CT by application of small tube current and filter]

Itoh S, Koyama S, Tusaka M, Maekoshi H, Satake H, Ishigaki T

Nippon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi Vol. 56 page： 961-966 1996

Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)

In order to develop ultra-low-dose helical CT for lung cancer screening, the effect of reduction of the tube current to 20mA and application of a 10mm thick aluminium filter upon radiation dose and image quality was evaluated with a phantom. Exposure dose at the center of a gantry and absorbed dose at the center of an acrylic phantom at 20mA with the filter were 15% and 29% of the dose at 50mA without the filter, respectively. For reduction of absorbed dose, reduction of the tube current was more useful than application of the filter. Image noise at 20mA with the filter was double that at 50mA without the filter. Neither reduction of the tube current nor application of the filter changed full width at half maximum on section sensitivity of the Z-axis. Although reduction of the tube current did not affect the difference in CT values between an acrylic sphere and styroform, application of the filter caused a reduction of 4.5% in the difference in CT values. Neither reduction of the tube current nor application of the filter affected the contrast resolution of the high-contrast phantom; however, that of the low-contrast phantom deteriorated. Although improvement of the filter and evaluation of clinical images are necessary, reduction of the tube current to 20mA and application of the aluminium filter appear to be a promising method for ultra-low-dose helical CT of the lung.

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