研究者詳細 - 井料　美帆

論文 - 井料　美帆

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Impact of refuge island in two-lane roads on pedestrian behavior: a virtual reality study 査読有り国際共著

ul Haq, MF; Iryo-Asano, M; Alhajyaseen, W; Samson, CJR; Zhu, H

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING 52 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： 197 - 212 2025年2月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering

Crashes involving pedestrians are particularly common at unsignalized mid-block crosswalks, where, sometimes, vehicles do not yield to pedestrians. A refuge island (RI) is a countermeasure at mid-block crosswalks on two-lane roads to improve safety in pedestrian–vehicle conflicts. This study investigates the impact of RI at unsignalized mid-block crosswalks on pedestrian crossing behavior and conflict severity, considering vehicle approach speed and approach direction. A virtual reality experiment was designed to compare pedestrian crossing behaviors in different scenarios. Results revealed that at higher vehicle approaching speeds, pedestrians tended to accept shorter gaps, leading to a higher rate of unsafe crossings. Generally, in RI setting, pedestrians accepted significantly shorter gaps, which increases the operational efficiency of the crosswalk without significantly affecting the severity of conflicts with vehicles. Furthermore, the subjective evaluation of the pedestrians after the experiment clearly indicated their preference for the RI setting, as they reported a safer crossing experience.

DOI： 10.1139/cjce-2023-0443

Web of Science

Scopus

A method for evaluating the functional hierarchy of road networks 査読有り

T. Sekihara, Y. Kakimoto, H. Nakamura, M. Iryo, X. Zhang

Transport Policy 155 巻頁： 178 - 188 2024年6月

Modeling the Pedestrian Crossing Decision Behavior Based on Vehicle Deceleration Patterns Using Virtual Reality Environment 査読有り国際共著国際誌

Muhammad Faizan ul Haq, Miho Iryo-Asano, Wael K.M. Alhajyaseen

International Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems Research 22 巻頁： 245 - 258 2024年3月

道路利用特性指標を用いた道路ネットワークの機能階層性の評価手法査読有り

関原敏裕, 柿元祐史, 中村英樹, 井料美帆, 張馨

交通工学論文集 9 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： A_69 - A_78 2023年2月

バーチャルリアリティ実験による歩行者の横断位置選択行動分析査読有り

中島孝規, 井料美帆

交通工学論文集 9 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： A_253 - A_262 2023年2月

Defensive or competitive Autonomous Vehicles: Which one interacts safely and efficiently with pedestrians? 国際共著

Zhu, H; Alhajyaseen, W; Iryo-Asano, M; Nakamura, H; Dias, C

PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS 606 巻 2022年11月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

The emergence of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) could provoke unexpected challenges in urban traffic environments. One such crucial challenge is the conflicts between pedestrians and AVs, particularly on unsignalized mid-block crosswalks (UMC), where pedestrians are exposed to the AV flow. This study investigates the efficiency and safety performance of a UMC in the presence of both AVs and pedestrians considering the diversities in their behaviors. Through empirical analyses, two pedestrians’ crossing decision models are built and four groups of speed profiles are classified. Meanwhile, based on previous literature, defensive and competitive driving strategies are assumed for AVs. The simulation is implemented on an agent-based framework that can dynamically reproduce the kinematic interactions between pedestrians and vehicles. Results indicated that with a reasonable safety margin (2.5 s), percentages of low post encroachment time events for competitive AVs with different pedestrian types are smaller than defensive AVs with differences of 0.2% to 2.9%. The average delays of competitive AVs for all pedestrian types are smaller than defensive AVs with a maximum estimated difference of 39 s. Moreover, the analysis showed that lowering the speed limit may reduce the crash rate of competitive AV up to 0%. It is also found that the pedestrians who make reckless crossing decisions and change their speed drastically during the crossing process are more likely to incur crashes with competitive AVs. Therefore, if pedestrian behaviors can be regulated reasonably, competitive AVs with appropriate parameter settings are most suitable for UMC in the future.

DOI： 10.1016/j.physa.2022.128083

Web of Science

Scopus

Investigating driver reactions to movements of autonomous vehicle in permitted right turn through driving simulator experiments

Zhu, H; Zhu, SJ; Iryo-Asano, M; Nakamura, H

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART F-TRAFFIC PSYCHOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR 89 巻頁： 385 - 398 2022年8月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Traffic safety has always been a hot topic for human-driven (HDV) and autonomous vehicles (AV) mixed flow. The conflict between permitted right-turn vehicles (PRT) and opposing through vehicles (TH) at signalized intersections (left-handed traffic) is extraordinarily critical. AVs with aggressive behaviors are able to accept short gap time without losing safety. However, such a turning maneuver may lead to dangerous feelings and cause unexpected reactions of approaching drivers. This study aims to investigate and model drivers’ reactions in TH movements to PRT AVs considering the trust degree of drivers to AVs. Questionnaire surveys and driving simulator experiments were conducted for 41 participants. Results reveal that the right turn timing of PRT AV will significantly influence drivers’ reactions. Basically, TH drivers will brake with a high probability under the situation of small expected post encroachment time (PET). It is also found that female drivers and drivers with low trust in AVs are more vigilant to PRT AVs than other drivers. Based on this finding a two-layer model for reproducing TH drivers’ reactions to PRT AVs is proposed. The first layer is to determine the braking decision and the second layer is to calculate the parameters of braking behaviors (brake lag, braking time, and speed drop). The significance and coefficients variables in these models proved that the trust in AV will influence drivers’ decisions and braking behaviors (brake lag and braking time). The more the drivers trust AVs, the smaller the expected PET to AVs they can accept for passing without braking, and the more gently they will brake (longer brake lag and shorter braking time) due to the cutting in of PRT AVs. This effect will become significant after drivers have experienced several interactions with AVs.

DOI： 10.1016/j.trf.2022.06.018

Web of Science

Scopus

Can automated driving prevent crashes with distracted Pedestrians? An exploration of motion planning at unsignalized Mid-block crosswalks 国際共著

Zhu, H; Han, TY; Alhajyaseen, WKM; Iryo-Asano, M; Nakamura, H

ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 173 巻 2022年8月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Accident Analysis and Prevention

Pedestrian distraction may provoke severe difficulties in automated vehicle (AV) control, which may significantly affect the safety performance of AVs, especially at unsignalized mid-block crosswalks (UMCs). However, there is no available motion-planning model for AVs that considers the effect of pedestrian distraction on UMCs. This study aims to explore innovative approaches for safe and reasonable automated driving in response to distracted pedestrians with various speed profiles at UMCs. Based on two common model design concepts, two new models are established for AVs: a rule-based model that solves motion plans through a fixed calculation procedure incorporating several optimization models, and a learning-based model that replaces the deterministic optimization process with policy-gradient reinforcement learning. The developed models were assessed through simulation experiments in which pedestrian speed profiles were defined using empirical data from field surveys. The results reveal that the learning-based model has outstanding safety performance, whereas the rule-based model leads to remarkable safety problems. For distracted pedestrians with significant crossing-speed changes, rule-based AVs lead to a 5.1% probability of serious conflict and a 1.4% crash probability. The learning-based model is oversensitive to risk and always induces high braking rates, which results in unnecessary efficiency loss. To overcome this, a hybrid model based on the learning-based model was developed, which introduces a rule-based acceleration value to regularize the action space of the proposed learning-based model. The results indicate that the hybrid approach outperforms the other two models in preventing crash hazards from distracted pedestrians by employing appropriate braking behaviors. The high safety performance of the hybrid models can be attributed to the spontaneous slowing down of the vehicle that initiates before detecting pedestrians on UMCs. Although such a cautious driving pattern leads to extra delay, the time cost of the hybrid model is acceptable considering the significant improvements in ensuring pedestrian safety.

DOI： 10.1016/j.aap.2022.106711

Web of Science

Scopus

PubMed

A novel hierarchical cooperative merging control model of connected and automated vehicles featuring flexible merging positions in system optimization

Tang, ZX; Zhu, H; Zhang, X; Iryo-Asano, M; Nakamura, H

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART C-EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES 138 巻 2022年5月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies

Merging sections on freeways are typical bottlenecks for traffic efficiency and safety. The connected and automated vehicles (CAV) technology has great capability in improving traffic performance of merging bottlenecks. Current approaches of system optimal cooperative merging control assume single fixed merging point (CMC-SMP) for on-ramp vehicles to reduce the complexity of their models. Non-fixed merging positions have the potential to further improve merging operations but may lead to the computational explosion. To solve this core contradiction, this study proposes a novel hierarchical system optimal cooperative merging control model considering flexible merging positions (CMC-FMP) to realize safe and efficient merging processes. The upper-level – the tactical planning model is formulated as a non-convex mixed integer quadratically constrained programming, aiming at minimal total travel time in the control zone. It optimizes not only the merging sequence but also vehicles’ critical states in merging processes, such as the state of on-ramp vehicles when they merge. The lower-level - the motion planning model generates feasible trajectories and the next step actions for every vehicle. A Monte Carlo Tree Search-based decomposition algorithm (MCTS-DA) is further designed to improve the computational efficiency of the tactical planning model. Meanwhile, solutions of MCTS-DA are proved to have good optimality compared to the direct solving method. A batch-based scheme is developed to realize real-time control. The results reveal that the average delays of CMC-FMP are remarkably lower than those of CMC-SMP. Especially in low on-ramp ratio scenarios, the difference in improvement can reach 64%. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis indicates that large safe merging margins and short merging sections are disadvantageous for traffic efficiency for the merging flow controlled by CMC-FMP.

DOI： 10.1016/j.trc.2022.103650

Web of Science

Scopus

パーソナルモビリティと歩行者の混在交通における危険度評価指標の提案査読有り

菱川貴之, 井料美帆

土木学会論文集D3 77 巻 ( 5 ) 頁： 893 - 903 2022年4月

滞留者が混在する歩行空間における通行機能の主観的評価査読有り

井料美帆, 渡辺匠

土木学会論文集D3 77 巻 ( 5 ) 頁： 1057 - 1066 2022年4月

電動キックボードの希望通行位置選択に関する要因分析査読有り

井料美帆, 鈴木弘司, 川合琉介

IATSS Review 46 巻 ( 3 ) 2022年2月

Safety evaluation of personal mobility vehicles and pedestrians under mixed traffic flow using traffic simulation 査読有り

Hishikawa T., Iryo-Asano M.

Asian Transport Studies 8 巻 2022年1月

担当区分：最終著者,　責任著者記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Asian Transport Studies

Personal mobility vehicles (PMVs) are small and slow vehicles that are designed to move within relatively dense pedestrian traffic on sidewalks or shared-use paths. Although various types of PMVs have been developed recently, the requirements of PMV performance in various traffic conditions are yet to be discussed in depth. This study aims to evaluate the impact of geometry and traffic conditions on the safety of mixed traffic flow between pedestrians and standing-type PMVs using a traffic simulation model. As a surrogate safety measure, an objective risk index based on collision probability and collision intensity is proposed. The results of the traffic simulations showed that the objective risk was affected by sidewalk width, traffic demand, and PMV movement parameters. A linear regression model was estimated to explain the safety index as a function of these variables, and combinations of applicable settings for PMV–pedestrian mixed traffic flow in terms of safety are discussed.

DOI： 10.1016/j.eastsj.2021.100049

Scopus

Macroscopic analysis on the frequency and severity of pedestrian crashes on National Roads in Metro Manila, Philippines 国際誌

Obinguar, DD; Iryo-Asano, M

IATSS RESEARCH 45 巻 ( 4 ) 頁： 521 - 529 2021年12月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：IATSS Research

Pedestrians are the most vulnerable road users; thus, understanding the primary factors that lead to pedestrian crashes is a chief concern in road safety. However, owing to the limitations of crash data in developing countries, only a few studies have evaluated the comprehensive characteristics of pedestrian crashes, specifically on different road types. This study attempted to develop pedestrian crash frequency and severity models on national roads by using the road characteristics and built environment parameters, based on the road crash data (2016–2018) that involved pedestrians in Metro Manila, Philippines. Remarkable findings included primary roads, presence of footbridges, road sections with bad surface conditions, and increased fractions of commercial, residential, and industrial roads, which exhibited a greater likelihood of pedestrian crashes. Crashes involving elderly pedestrians, heavier vehicles, late-night hours, fair surface conditions, and open spaces were associated with increased likelihoods of fatal outcomes. Essentially, this study provides a macroscopic perspective in understanding the factors associated with the severity and frequency of pedestrian crashes, and it would aid the authorities in identifying proper countermeasures.

DOI： 10.1016/j.iatssr.2021.06.003

Web of Science

Scopus

Interactions between autonomous vehicles and pedestrians at unsignalized mid-block crosswalks considering occlusions by opposing vehicles 査読有り国際共著

Zhu Hong, Iryo-Asano Miho, Alhajyaseen Wael K. M., Nakamura Hideki, Dias Charitha

ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 163 巻 2021年12月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Accident Analysis and Prevention

Visibility can be identified as one of the critical determinants for the safety performance of autonomous vehicles (AVs) on unsignalized mid-block crosswalks (UMC), which may be significantly influenced by build-up environment and surrounding vehicles. This study investigates the safety performance when AVs interact with pedestrians approaching from far-side sidewalks to UMCs considering the visual occlusion of opposing vehicles. A mathematical model is proposed for judging the visibilities of objects from observers’ location under the impact of visual obstacles and is embedded into an agent-based pedestrian-vehicle interaction framework. Two yielding decision modules is assumed for AVs: The normal decision module implements the pedestrian priority rule simply based on the current detectable information, whereas the memory aid decision module extends AVs’ detection abilities by incorporating the memory data. Through simulation experiments, it is found that the percentages of short post encroachment time (%SPET) between AVs and far-side pedestrians reach peaks when the pedestrian flow rate is 300–400 ped/h. When opposing vehicles are in stationary queue conditions, %SPETs are only sensitive to the net distance between the last opposing vehicles in the queue and crosswalks (Dqueue). As the Dqueue decreases to lower than 15 m, %SPETs start to increase drastically. However, when opposing vehicles are in free flow conditions, %SPETs are influenced by multiple factors such as pedestrians’ crossing decisions, sizes and flow rates of opposing vehicles. Furthermore, only when opposing vehicles are in free flow conditions, memory aid AVs can significantly eliminate the impacts of opposite vehicles. Finally, several countermeasures are developed to enhance the visibility and safety at UMCs based on the findings of this study.

DOI： 10.1016/j.aap.2021.106468

Web of Science

Scopus

名古屋市の拠点エリアにおけるウォーカブルな空間デザイン要件の導出査読有り

伊藤亜由美, 中村一樹, 井料美帆, 野地寿光

都市計画論文集 56 巻 ( 3 ) 頁： 819 - 826 2021年10月

Efficiency and Safety Evaluation of Left-turn Vehicles and Crossing Pedestrians in Signalized Intersections under the Autonomous Vehicle Mixed Flow Condition 査読有り

Pan Ang, Zhang Xin, Iryo-Asano Miho, Nakamura Hideki

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS RESEARCH 2021年9月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：International Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems Research

Field experiments of autonomous vehicles (AVs) have been conducted in many countries. However, efficiency evaluation of AV mixed flow and safety evaluation of conflicts between AVs and pedestrians in the real-world case are still limited. This study aims at evaluating the efficiency and safety of left-turn (LT) vehicles and pedestrians in signalized intersections, under the condition of AV mixed flow, by developing a simulation model. Post Encroachment Time (PET) and LT capacity were obtained. Further, gap/lag acceptance behavior and reaction time of LT vehicles were found to be critical parameters that affect efficiency and safety evaluations.

DOI： 10.1007/s13177-021-00276-z

Web of Science

Scopus

A novel agent-based framework for evaluating pedestrian safety at unsignalized mid-block crosswalks 査読有り国際共著国際誌

Zhu Hong, Almukdad Abdulkarim, Iryo-Asano Miho, Alhajyaseen Wael K. M., Nakamura Hideki, Zhang Xin

ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 159 巻 2021年9月

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：Accident Analysis and Prevention

A critical safety problem in road networks is the conflicts on unsignalized crosswalks. Thus, a proactive approach to assess pedestrian safety performance is required. Simulating the microscopic road user behavior in a virtual platform is one of the typical approaches. However, current simulation tools are not flexible enough to properly reproduce various behaviors of pedestrians and drivers considering their interactions with the road environment and other road users. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to propose a novel agent-based framework for evaluating pedestrian safety at unsignalized crosswalks. Unsignalized mid-block crosswalks with refuge islands (UMCR) are considered as an example facility to implement the proposed framework, where relevant behavioral elements such as the reaction time, visual field with obstacles, and minimum safety margin time are addressed. Not only the pedestrian-vehicle interaction is modeled but also the vehicle-vehicle interaction is considered. Empirical validation on a UMCR shows that the proposed framework can reproduce reliable distributions of the post encroachment time compared to the observed distributions within an acceptable error range. The sensitivity analysis reveals that the high reaction time of drivers, small safety margin time, and visual obstacles near crosswalks increase the probability of serious conflicts. The results also show that the framework can reproduce traffic crashes under assumed extreme road conditions.

DOI： 10.1016/j.aap.2021.106288

Web of Science

Scopus

サイクル長短縮による信号交差点の右折待ち行列延伸渋滞解消効果の実証分析査読有り

立松秀樹,森本清誠,田中淳,泉典宏,中村英樹,鈴木弘司,井料美帆,柿元祐史

交通工学論文集 7 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： B_6 - B_13 2021年2月

信号交差点が連続する補助幹線道路における信号サイクル長短縮効果の実証実験査読有り

牧野修久,小林圭,池水丈明,中村英樹,鈴木弘司,井料美帆,柿元祐史

交通工学論文集 7 巻 ( 2 ) 頁： B_55 - B_61 2021年2月

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