Updated on 2024/03/15

写真a

 
TAKAI, Jiro
 
Organization
Graduate School of Education and Human Development Department of Psychology and Human Developmental Sciences Psychological Sciences Professor
Graduate School
Graduate School of Education and Human Development
Graduate School of International Development
Undergraduate School
School of Education
Title
Professor
Contact information
メールアドレス

Degree 1

  1. PhD (Communication) ( 2002.3   University of California, Santa Barbara ) 

Research Interests 4

  1. Intercultural Communication

  2. Interpersonal Communication

  3. Cross-Cultural Psychology

  4. Social Psychology

Research Areas 3

  1. Others / Others  / Social Psychology

  2. Others / Others  / Communication

  3. Humanities & Social Sciences / Social psychology

Current Research Project and SDGs 3

  1. Cross-Cultural Study on the Multiplicity of the Self

  2. Cross-cultural comparison of interpersonal communication strategies

  3. Intercultural adjustment of international students in Japan

Research History 11

  1. Nagoya University   Graduate School of Education and Human Development   Dean

    2023.4

  2. Nagoya University   Graduate School of Education and Human Development   Dean

    2019.4 - 2021.3

  3. University of California, Santa Barbara, Visiting Professor

    2007.9 - 2008.8

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    Country:United States

  4. Professor, Graduate School of Education and Human Development, Nagoya University

    2007.6

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    Country:Japan

  5. Associate Professor

    2007.4 - 2007.5

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    Country:Japan

  6. Associate Professor, Graduate School of Education and Human Development, Nagoya University

    2002.4 - 2007.3

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    Country:Japan

  7. Associate Professor, Faculty of Foreign Studies, Nanzan University

    2000.4 - 2002.3

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    Country:Japan

  8. Associate Professor, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Nagoya City University

    1996.4 - 2000.3

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    Country:Japan

  9. Associate Professor, College of General Education, Nagoya City University

    1994.4 - 1996.3

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    Country:Japan

  10. Assistant Professor, College of General Education, Nagoya City University

    1991.4 - 1994.3

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    Country:Japan

  11. Assistant Professor, Research Center for Higher Education, Hiroshima University

    1990.4 - 1991.3

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    Country:Japan

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Education 5

  1. University of California, Santa Barbara   Graduate School of Communication   Interpersonal Communication

    1994.9 - 2002.3

  2. Nagoya University   Graduate School, Division of Education   Educational Psychology

    1988.4 - 1990.3

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    Country: Japan

  3. Saitama University   Graduate School, Division of Cultural Studies   Science of Social Culture

    1986.4 - 1988.3

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    Country: Japan

  4. International Christian University   Faculty of Liberal Arts   Department of Languages

    1982.9 - 1986.3

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    Country: Japan

  5. University of Windsor   Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science (Natural Sciences)   Geology

    1981.9 - 1982.4

Professional Memberships 37

  1. Japanese Association of Social Psychology   executive comittee

    2007.4 - 2009.3

  2. Japanese Association of Social Psychology   Executive Secretary

    2005.4 - 2007.3

  3. Japanese Association of Social Psychology

    1988.4

  4. Japan Group Dynamics Assoociation   president

    2015.4 - 2017.3

  5. Japan Group Dynamics Association   executive officer (interorganizational affairs)

    2011.4 - 2015.3

  6. Japan Group Dynamics Association   executive committee

    2003.4 - 2007.3

  7. Japan Group Dynamics Association

    1988.4

  8. Asian Association of Social Psychology   executive secretary

    2011.8 - 2015.1

  9. Asian Association of Social Psychology   advisory committee

    2006.7 - 2011.7

  10. Asian Association of Social Psychology

    2006.1 - 2016.12

  11. International Communication Association   member of board of directors

    2012.6 - 2015.6

  12. International Communication Association

    1991.4

  13. National Communication Association

    1991.4

  14. Society for Intercultural-Transcultural Education   executive committee

    2009.4 - 2011.3

  15. Society for Intercultural-Transcultural Education   editorial committee

    2003.4 - 2006.3

  16. Society for Intercultural-Transcultural Education   editorial committee

    2001.4 - 2004.3

  17. Society for Intercultural-Transcultural Education   executive committee

    1997.4 - 2002.3

  18. Society for Intercultural-Transcultural Education

    1989.4

  19. Japanese Association of Administrative Behavior   executive board member

    2012.4 - 2016.3

  20. Japanese Association of Administrative Behavior   editorial committee

    2002.4 - 2018.3

  21. Japanese Association of Administrative Behavior

    1989.4 - 2020.3

  22. Japanese Association of Psychology   Member-at-large

    2009.4 - 2012.3

  23. Japanese Association of Psychology

    1988.4

  24. Japan Communication Association   Executive Board member

    2022.4

  25. Japan Communication Association   President

    2018.6 - 2022.3

  26. Communication Association of Japan   executive committee, chief of academic affairs

    2015.6 - 2018.6

  27. Communication Association of Japan   executive committee, secretary

    2014.6 - 2015.6

  28. Japan-US Communication Association   executive officer

    2009.11 - 2012.11

  29. Japan-US Communication Association   President

    2007.11 - 2009.11

  30. Communication Association of Japan   executive committee, external affairs

    2006.6 - 2014.6

  31. Japan-US Communication Association   Vice President

    2005.11 - 2007.11

  32. Japan-US Communication Association   Web Page Director

    2004.11 - 2006.11

  33. Communication Association of Japan   executive committee, vice chair of academic affairs

    2002.6 - 2007.6

  34. Communication Association of Japan   executive committee, chair of Central Japan Chapter

    1994.4 - 1999.3

  35. Communication Association of Japan

    1988.4

  36. Tokai Psychologists' Association   Member-at-large

    2009.4 - 2012.3

  37. Tokai Psychologists' Association

    1996.4

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Awards 15

  1. Achievement Award

    2023.6   Japan Communication Association  

  2. Top Presentation Paper Award

    2021.11   National Communication Association   Do Intercultural Sensitivity and Global Awareness Reduce Intercultural Communication Anxiety? The Importance of Regulatory Focus

    Lina Wang, Xiaoyan Wu, Peter Lee, Jiro Takai

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    Country:United States

    Being sensitive to diverse cultures and having an international posture as a global citizen are important for the essence of intercultural communication. Meanwhile, being motivated or regulated to decrease or overcome the anxiety though enhance one's intercultural sensitivity and global awareness is extremely crucial for engaging in successful intercultural communication. The purpose of this study is to examine the connection between self-regulatory focus (promotion focus, and prevention focus), intercultural sensitivity, global awareness, and intercultural communication apprehension of Japanese, Chinese, and American students. A total of 583 university students (198 Japanese, 192 Chinese, and 193 American) completed the online survey including Regulatory Focus Questionnaire (RFQ), Intercultural Sensitivity Scale (ISS), Global Awareness Scale (GAS), and the Personal Report of Intercultural Communication Apprehension Scale (PRICA). Results indicated that Chinese students had significantly lower promotion focus than American. Japanese and Chinese students had a significantly higher level of prevention focus than American. Japanese students had a significantly higher level of intercultural communication apprehension, followed by Chinese and American. Chinese students' intercultural communication apprehension was much higher than American students. Intercultural sensitivity of American students was much higher than Chinese and Japanese. Further, Chinese students' intercultural sensitivity was significantly higher than Japanese. American students revealed considerably higher global awareness than both Japanese and Chinese. promotion focus, intercultural sensitivity, and global awareness were negatively related to intercultural communication apprehension in all three countries. Promotion focus, intercultural sensitivity, and global awareness were positively associated with each other in each country group. Prevention focus was negatively related to intercultural communication apprehension in China, and negatively related to global awareness in America. Prevention focus was positively related to intercultural sensitivity and global awareness in China. In China, promotion focus mediated the relationship between intercultural sensitivity and intercultural communication apprehension. Promotion focus also mediated the relationship between global awareness and intercultural communication apprehension in all three countries. These results were discussed from the perspective of the necessity of both Japanese and Chinese students to become more competent at cross-cultural interaction in the gradually internationalizing and multicultural societies.

  3. Top Conference Paper Award

    2018.9   Japan Group Dynamics Association   Culture, moral discourse and motivation to perform kind acts

    Claudia Gherghel, Takeshi Hasimoto, Jiro Takai, & Dorin Nastas

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    Award type:Award from Japanese society, conference, symposium, etc.  Country:Japan

  4. Top Conference Paper Award

    2016.9   Japan Group Dynamics Association   Relational intimacy levels and interpersonal communication styles compared across Japan and USA

    Wenzhen Xu, Reina Takamatsu, Chendong, Ding, Syuji Uko, Anqi Hu, Jiro Takai

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    Award type:Award from Japanese society, conference, symposium, etc.  Country:Japan

  5. Service Excellence Award

    2014.8   Asian Association of Social Psychology  

    Takai, J.

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    Award type:Award from international society, conference, symposium, etc. 

  6. Service Excellence Award

    2012.11   Japan-US Communication Association  

    Takai, J.

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    Award type:Award from international society, conference, symposium, etc. 

  7. Top paper award, National Communication Association, Japan-US Communication Association division

    2008.11   National Communication Association  

  8. Top paper award, National Communication Association, Japan-US Communication Association division

    2008.11   National Communication Association   Impacts of Face Concerns on Interpersonal Conflict Management Strategies in Japan

    Satoshi Moriizumi, Satomi Nakatsugawa, Jiro Takai

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    Award type:Award from international society, conference, symposium, etc.  Country:United States

  9. Top paper award, National Communication Association, Japan-US Communication Association division

    2007.11   National Communication Association   The Relationships between Japanese Interpersonal Conflict Management Styles and Their Language Expressions

    Satoshi Moriizumi, Jiro Takai

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    Award type:Award from international society, conference, symposium, etc.  Country:United States

  10. Top Paper Award, National Communication Association, Japan-US Communication Division

    2006.11   Japan-US Communication Association   Text-Message Communication Addiction among Japanese High School Students: Somatic Symptoms and Self-Perception of Addictive Behavior

    Tasuku Igarashi, Tadahiro Motoyoshi, Jiro Takai, Toshikazu Yoshida

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    Award type:Award from international society, conference, symposium, etc.  Country:United States

  11. Top faculty paper, Japan-US Communication Association Session, National Communication Association

    2005.11   Japan-US Communication Association   Attitudes toward African-American Vernacular English: A U.S. Export to Japan?

    Aaron C. Cargile, Jiro Takai, Jose Rodriguez

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    Award type:Award from international society, conference, symposium, etc.  Country:United States

  12. Top Four Paper Award, Intercultural and International Communication Division, National Communication Association

    2000.11  

  13. Top Four Paper Award, Intercultural and International Communication Division, National Communication Association

    2000.5  

  14. Top Paper Award, Intercultural and International Development Communication Division, International Communication Association

    2000  

  15. Top Research Award of the Communication Association of Japan

    1994  

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    Country:Japan

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Papers 149

  1. Intergroup contact in Japan: An exploration of direct, E-contact, and mass-mediated modalities among Japanese and international students

    Gao, XJ; Takai, J; Hu, XC

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTERCULTURAL RELATIONS   Vol. 98   2024.1

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    Publisher:International Journal of Intercultural Relations  

    This study explored relationship between intergroup contact and willingness to interact with each other among Japanese and international students in Japan, focusing on three contact modalities: direct, E-contact, and mass-mediated contact, from perspectives of both groups. The research identified unique relationships between contact types and intergroup anxiety and common ingroup identity as mediating variables. Key findings include (1) divergent paths between all three contact modalities with intergroup anxiety and common ingroup identity, (2) a more pronounced link between positive contact and interaction willingness among Japanese students, and (3) the dominance of positive over negative contact in predicting interaction willingness. Exceptions to the latter two findings were also explored. The study's nuanced insights offer valuable contributions to the field, guiding effective strategies in improving intergroup attitudes among domestic and international students.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2023.101920

    Web of Science

    Scopus

  2. Psychosocial Effects of Self-Disclosure Among Chinese International Students in Japan: Focusing on Disclosure Media and Its Targets

    Gao, XJ; Takai, J

    JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS   Vol. 14 ( 1 ) page: 58 - 77   2024

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  3. Psychosocial Effects of Self-Disclosure Among Chinese International Students in Japan: Focusing on Disclosure Media and Its Targets

    Gao X., Takai J.

    Journal of International Students   Vol. 14 ( 1 ) page: 58 - 77   2024

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    Publisher:Journal of International Students  

    This study examined the effects of four types of self-disclosure on the life satisfaction of Chinese international students studying in Japan. Using an online survey, the study found that offline self-disclosure predicted life satisfaction both directly and indirectly, mediated by received social support and perceived social support, while the direct effect of online self-disclosure was not significant. All four types of self-disclosures predicted received social support, while the social support obtained from host nationals online did not affect perceived support. The analysis also revealed that the paths were moderated by the length of residence in Japan. Only online self-disclosure positively and directly predicted life satisfaction for newcomers, while only offline self-disclosure did for those who had stayed longer. Offline received social support was perceived as helpful for both groups, while that of online predicted perceived social support only for newcomers. Theoretical implications and limitations were discussed.

    DOI: 10.32674/jis.v14i1.5098

    Scopus

  4. Can imagined contact improve outgroup attitude in the long run?

    Hu, AQ; Takai, J

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY   Vol. 58   page: 112 - 112   2023.12

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  5. Affective and motivational accounts of judging moral acceptability of anti-COVID-19-preventive behaviors Reviewed

    Journal of Cognition and Culture   Vol. 23 ( 1-2 ) page: 149 - 169   2023.4

  6. An International Comparison of Factors Related to Long Work Hours

    Kanai Atsuko, Laurence Gregory A., Sakata Kiriko, Fujimoto Tetsushi, Yamaguchi Hiroyuki, Takai Jiro, Suzuki Atsuko, Tak Jinkook

    JAPANESE PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH   Vol. 64 ( 4 ) page: 410 - 425   2022.10

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:Japanese Psychological Research  

    This study aimed to examine psychosocial factors related to working long hours, which causes depression, anxiety, and so forth, including karoshi [work to death]. In particular, the issue of working very long hours and its impacts on employees is seen as an urgent issue in Japan, and by clarifying the factors associated with this phenomenon, we aim to contribute to efforts to identify appropriate mitigation measures. We proposed a model of factors related to long work hours from multiple perspectives, and tested it in six countries: China, Finland, Germany, Japan, South Korea, and the United States. Data were collected via a web-based questionnaire survey. Results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that organizational level variables were related to work hours in all six countries, but individual level variables were related to work hours only in the United States. In addition, only in Japan did the maintenance dimension of leadership affect the extension of working hours. Organization level factors, rather than job or individual level factors, should be considered when establishing measures to prevent employees from working excessively long hours.

    DOI: 10.1111/jpr.12338

    Web of Science

    Scopus

  7. Intracultural and Intercultural Contact Orientation of International Students in Japan: Uncertainty Management by Cultural Identification

    Taniguchi N., Takai J., Skowronski D.

    Journal of International Students   Vol. 12 ( 4 ) page: 843 - 866   2022

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:Journal of International Students  

    The lack of exchange between international students and host nationals in Japan has long been a pressing issue, yet very little progress has been made to rectify this situation. In this study, we examined this issue by focusing on how international students in Japan perceive cultural contact with their host and home culture members during their sojourn. The study applied a qualitative approach based on grounded theory, collecting data through semi-structured interviews with 41 international students from China, the United Kingdom, and the United States. According to the social identity and anxiety/uncertainty management approach, we interpreted the findings on how international students manage uncertainty in the Japanese environment by identifying with the host and their own home cultures for their psychological well-being, which we distinguished as intercultural or intracultural contact orientation. International students demonstrated an intracultural rather than intercultural contact orientation due to the host nationals reacting to them as “foreigners.”.

    DOI: 10.32674/JIS.V12I4.3747

    Scopus

  8. Intracultural and Intercultural Contact Orientation of International Students in Japan: Uncertainty Management by Cultural

    Taniguchi Norihito, Takai Jiro, Skowronski Dariusz

    JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS   Vol. 12 ( 4 ) page: 843 - 866   2022

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  9. The relationship between frequency of performing acts of kindness and subjective well-being: A mediation model in three cultures

    Gherghel Claudia, Nastas Dorin, Hashimoto Takeshi, Takai Jiro

    CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY   Vol. 40 ( 9 ) page: 4446 - 4459   2021.9

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:Current Psychology  

    Two studies investigated the relationship between frequency of performing prosocial acts and subjective well-being. Adult participants from three countries (Japan, Romania, and the US) responded to online questionnaires measuring focal variables. In Study 1, a short scale measuring kindness was devised, and its validity for cross-cultural research was probed. Results revealed that engagement in prosocial behavior was positively associated with empathic concern and subjective well-being. Study 2 showed that the needs for relatedness, competence, and autonomy mediate the relationship between frequency of performing acts of kindness and subjective well-being. The results contribute to the cross-cultural literature suggesting that engagement in prosocial behavior enhances the well-being of the benefactor.

    DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-00391-x

    Web of Science

    Scopus

  10. The effect of emotional competence on relational quality: Comparing Japan and Myanmar

    May Cho Min, Jiro Takai

    Current Psychology   Vol. 40 ( 2 ) page: 782 - 792   2021.2

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    Language:Japanese   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature. This study examined cultural influences on relational qualities through intrapersonal and interpersonal emotional competence (EC) for friendship networks (same-sex best friend and opposite-sex best friend), romantic partner, and family members (sibling, mother, and father). Much of the literature on cross-cultural comparison of emotions has been conducted in Western cultures, and a few cross-cultural comparisons have been made between Western cultures and Japan. Relatively little work has been done outside of these countries. This study aimed to compare the significance of EC on interpersonal relationships between Japan, and a Southeast Asian culture, namely, Myanmar, as an exploratory effort outside of the individualism-collectivism continuum, hence focusing on two collectivistic, and Asian cultures. We recruited 721 university students from one East Asian country (Japan) and one Southeast Asian country (Myanmar). We found cultural differences of EC and relational qualities for each target (same-sex best friend, opposite-sex best friend, romantic partner, sibling, mother, and father). Moreover, both interpersonal and intrapersonal EC mediated the impact of culture on positive relational qualities for family members. Intrapersonal EC mediated this effect for same-sex best friend and romantic partner, whereas interpersonal EC did so for opposite-sex best friend. Additionally, interpersonal EC mediated the effect between culture and negative relational qualities for father. Our findings suggest that EC mediates the effect of culture on relational qualities, and that there are cultural differences regarding this effect.

    DOI: 10.1007/s12144-018-0002-9

    Web of Science

    Scopus

  11. Cross-cultural comparison of university students’ emotional competence in Asia

    May Cho Min, Md Nurul Islam, Lina Wang, Jiro Takai

    Current Psychology   Vol. 40 ( 1 ) page: 200 - 212   2021.1

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    Language:Japanese   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    © 2018 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature Emotional competence (EC) refers to individual differences in the identification, comprehension, expression, regulation, and use of one’s own emotions and others’ emotions, (Brasseur et al. in Plos One, 8(5), e62635, 2013) and is known to be culturally construed. Cross-cultural studies involving Asians typically sample one or two cultures as representatives of a collectivistic culture, but we opine to differ, in that these cultures have their distinct character, especially with regard to EC. We investigated the measurement invariance of Profile of Emotional Competence (PEC) with samples collected from four Asian countries, representing three distinct regions of the continent: Myanmar (N = 400), Japan (N = 400), China (N = 436), and Bangladesh (N = 400). We found that the PEC was a robust measure of both intrapersonal and interpersonal EC across these countries. Myanmar showed the highest global EC, followed by Bangladesh, China, and Japan, and significant effects of culture were found in all intrapersonal and interpersonal EC factors. Gender main effect was found in one intrapersonal EC (regulation of own emotions) and four interpersonal EC (identification of, listening to, regulation of, and utilization of others’ emotions), while gender-culture interaction effects were confirmed in two intrapersonal EC (comprehension and expression of own emotions). While cross-cultural studies typically bundle these cultures into one, that of Eastern, we found much variability within them, and they should be deemed independent of one another, especially in terms of EC. The findings enhance our understanding of EC across cultures, in particular with respect to the basis of which interpersonal behavior might differ across these four cultures.

    DOI: 10.1007/s12144-018-9918-3

    Web of Science

    Scopus

  12. Moralization of Japanese cultural norms among student sojourners in Japan

    Reina Takamatsu, May Cho Min, Lina Wang, Wenzhen Xu, Norihito Taniguchi, Jiro Takai

    International Journal of Intercultural Relations   Vol. 80   page: 242 - 249   2021.1

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    Language:Japanese   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    This study investigated the relationship between different domains of cultural adaptation among international students in Japan and the moralization of culture-specific norms. Newcomers may adapt certain norms of the host culture and ascribe moral meanings to initially nonmoral activities or objects. Building on the existing model of sociocultural adaptation, we investigated how different types of sociocultural adaptation are associated with the moralization of Japanese cultural norms. For international students in Japan, there are three aspects of sociocultural adaptation: academic, daily living, and interpersonal. Our results showed that cultural adaptation in the interpersonal domain, but not in the academic and daily living domains, predicted harsher moral judgments of behaviors that violated Japanese cultural norms. These findings suggest that international students who are well adjusted in the interpersonal domain gain an understanding of what is sanctioned in the Japanese cultural context and come to see certain behaviors as morally appropriate. We discuss several implications for further investigating the moralization of certain behaviors within the context of acculturation.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2020.12.001

    Web of Science

    Scopus

  13. Moralization of Japanese cultural norms among student sojourners in Japan

    Takamatsu, Reina, Min, May Cho, Wang, Lina, Xu, Wenzhen, Taniguchi, Norihito, Takai, Jiro

    International Journal of Intercultural Relations   Vol. 80   page: 242 - 249   2021.1

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    This study investigated the relationship between different domains of cultural adaptation among international students in Japan and the moralization of culture-specific norms. Newcomers may adapt certain norms of the host culture and ascribe moral meanings to initially nonmoral activities or objects. Building on the existing model of sociocultural adaptation, we investigated how different types of sociocultural adaptation are associated with the moralization of Japanese cultural norms. For international students in Japan, there are three aspects of sociocultural adaptation: academic, daily living, and interpersonal. Our results showed that cultural adaptation in the interpersonal domain, but not in the academic and daily living domains, predicted harsher moral judgments of behaviors that violated Japanese cultural norms. These findings suggest that international students who are well adjusted in the interpersonal domain gain an understanding of what is sanctioned in the Japanese cultural context and come to see certain behaviors as morally appropriate. We discuss several implications for further investigating the moralization of certain behaviors within the context of acculturation.

  14. Socio-ecological foundations of altruism toward strangers: An examination focusing on regional differences between north and south India

    Terashima Yuto, Takai Jiro

    The Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association   Vol. 84 ( 0 ) page: PC-039 - PC-039   2020.9

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:The Japanese Psychological Association  

    DOI: 10.4992/pacjpa.84.0_pc-039

    CiNii Research

  15. Culture moderates the association between social expectations regarding helping and positive affect Reviewed International coauthorship

    Claudia Gherghel, Takeshi Hashimoto, Jiro Takai

      Vol. 60 ( 1 ) page: 56 - 60   2020.4

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    Authorship:Last author   Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.2130/jjesp.1917

  16. Culture, morality, and the effect of prosocial behavior motivation on positive affect

    Claudia Gherghel, Dorin Nastas, Takeshi Hashimoto, Jiro Takai, Aaron Castelán Cargile

    Ethics and Behavior   Vol. 30 ( 2 ) page: 126 - 149   2020.2

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    Language:Japanese   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD  

    © 2019, Copyright © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. We investigated the effect of culture, moral discourse, and motivation to engage in prosocial behavior on benefactors’ positive affect. Participants from three cultures (Japan, Romania, and the United States) responded to scenarios in which they could perform small acts of kindness for different targets. A stronger relationship between agentic and obligated motivation to perform acts of kindness, as well as between obligated motivation and positive affect, was observed for participants from Japan, and for individuals with higher endorsement of the Community Ethic. Agentic motivation to engage in prosocial behavior was related to benefactors’ positive affect, regardless of relationship type.

    DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2019.1651651

    Web of Science

    Scopus

    CiNii Research

  17. Can imagined contact change intergroup attitude in the long run? Reviewed International journal

    Hu, A., & Takai, J.

    Intercultural Communication Studies   Vol. 29 ( 2 ) page: 1 - 17   2020

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    Authorship:Last author   Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:International Association for Intercultural Communication Studies  

    The imagined contact method of cognitively manipulating intergroup relations has been reported to be widely successful in improving attitude toward the outgroup. However, little has been reported on its durability. Study 1 was conducted to test the stimulus scenario, involving 282 students who were given either an imagined contact scenario or a control, featuring Chinese as the outgroup. Pre-post measures of intergroup attitude were obtained. Imagined contact group showed some improvement in attitude. In study 2, the same method was applied to non-student participants (N=134), but this time, measurements were taken before, right after, one week after and one month after administering the imagined contact approach. Results indicated that the effect of imagined contact did not dissipate after one week, and even one month, particularly for the perception of social distance, but not for other measures. We discussed the potential of imagined contact in its application as a viable means of improving intergroup attitude toward Chinese in Japan.

  18. Why do people experience loneliness while using social media? Reviewed International journal

    Xu, W., & Takai, J.

    Intercultural Communication Studies   Vol. 29 ( 2 ) page: 99 - 115   2020

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    Authorship:Last author   Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:International Association for Intercultural Communication Studies  

    The Cognitive Discrepancy Model of Loneliness (CDML) postulates that people experience loneliness when they perceive a difference between their desired (or expected) and actual levels of social relationships. Although the model has been widely cited, only a few empirical studies support this statement in Face-to-Face context. In the present study, we re-evaluate and expand the CDML in the digital context in two representative East Asian countries, Japan and China. The results partially support the idea of CDML that besides quantity and quality of SNS social activities, the self-defined and socially defined cognitive discrepancies are also potential predictors of feelings of satisfaction and loneliness, but the patterns may differ depending on communication purposes and cultural orientations.

  19. Culture moderates the association between social expectations regarding helping and positive affect

    Gherghel Claudia, Hashimoto Takeshi, Takai Jiro

    THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY   Vol. 60 ( 1 ) page: 56 - 60   2020

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:The Japanese Group Dynamics Association  

    <p>Previous research suggests that individuals from interdependent cultures have more congruent views of agency and social obligations. This study aimed to confirm these findings by investigating the moderating effects of culture on the association between perceived social expectations regarding helping and affect. Japanese (<i>n</i>=164) and American (<i>n</i>=177) adults recalled a recent situation in which they helped someone and responded to a questionnaire regarding need satisfaction and affect. As expected, the Japanese subjects showed a stronger positive association between the perceived social expectation that they should help and positive affect than the Americans. For Japanese, the perceived social expectation that they should help increased satisfaction of the need for competence, leading to a more positive affect, while for Americans, the perceived social expectation that they should help reduced satisfaction of the need for autonomy, which in turn, reduced positive affect.</p>

    DOI: 10.2130/jjesp.1917

    CiNii Research

  20. Better than average effect regarding altruism for stranger, friend and family member

    Terashima Yuto, Takai Jiro

    The Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association   Vol. 83 ( 0 ) page: 3C-012 - 3C-012   2019.9

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:The Japanese Psychological Association  

    DOI: 10.4992/pacjpa.83.0_3c-012

    CiNii Research

  21. Interpersonal Duty as a Tool for Managing Uncertainty: Uncertainty Threat Changes Negative Affect Reaction Toward Duty Adherence/Violation

    Yuto Terashima, Jiro Takai

    Current Psychology   Vol. 38 ( 3 ) page: 836 - 845   2019.6

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    Language:Japanese   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:SPRINGER  

    © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. We investigated changes in negative affect reactions toward interpersonal duty violation/adherence under uncertainty which we refer to as uncertainty threat. One’s feelings of duty and obligation toward the partner may induce him/her to act in accordance to the partner’s expectations, and this functions to free the relationship of uncertainty. However, if the partner fails to conform to his/her duty, we may become uncertain about the future of the relationship, and consequently, experience negative affect, including anger, contempt, and disappointment. We hypothesized that uncertainty threat leads to such negative affective arousal. Uncertainty threat motivates individuals to reduce uncertainty, and hence make them more sensitive toward the source of uncertainty, above and beyond the specific context in which it poses a threat. A series of three experiments were conducted, in which we manipulated uncertainty threat through priming and a distractor task. Participants then read a short scenario in which duty violation or adherence were described, and rated negative affect toward it. Results generally indicated significant interaction effects across the experiments. The effects of scenario manipulation on negative affect reaction were more acute under uncertainty threat than when no threat was present. The present study indicated that duty was not only beneficial for social coordination, but also vital to mask uncertainty and insecurity regarding relationships.

    DOI: 10.1007/s12144-017-9660-2

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  22. Prosocial behavior and well-being in different cultures

    Gherghel, C., & Takai, J.

    Bulletin of the Graduate School of Education and Human Development, Nagoya University (Psychology and Human Development Sciences)   Vol. 66   page: 17 - 30   2019.3

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  23. With or Without Empathy: Primary Psychopathy and Difficulty in Identifying Feelings Predict Utilitarian Judgment in Sacrificial Dilemmas Reviewed

    Reina Takamatsu, Jiro Takai

    Ethics and Behavior   Vol. 29 ( 1 ) page: 71 - 85   2019.1

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    © 2018, Copyright © 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. Drawing from research on moral judgment and affective dysfunction, we examined how trait psychopathy and alexithymia, which are characterized as empathic deficits, relate to utilitarian moral judgments in sacrificial dilemmas. As predicted, primary and secondary psychopathy traits and alexithymia were associated with reduced empathic concern. However, primary psychopathy and difficulty identifying feelings (one of three alexithymia traits), but not secondary psychopathy and other two alexithymia traits, were associated with utilitarian judgments. Moreover, hierarchical regression analysis showed that primary psychopathy, difficulty identifying feelings, and empathic concern made unique contributions to the prediction of direct harm on the victim, whereas alexithymia traits made weaker contributions. Although the lack of affective empathy is found in psychopathy and alexithymia, the process through which the two traits lead to utilitarian judgment in sacrificial dilemmas may be distinct. The present findings add to the growing literature, contributing to a fuller picture of the relationship between empathy, trait psychopathy, and alexithymia.

    DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2017.1367684

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  24. Emotional competence, conflict management styles, and relational factors: Cross-cultural comparison between Japan and Myanmar. Reviewed

    Min, M. C., & Takai, J.

    Intercultural Communication Studies   Vol. 28   page: 109 - 131   2019

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  25. Effects of relational uncertainty in heightening national identification and reactive approach motivation of Japanese. International journal

    Yuto Terashima, Jiro Takai

    International journal of psychology : Journal international de psychologie   Vol. 53   page: 37 - 45   2018.10

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    This study investigated whether relational uncertainty poses uncertainty threat, which causes compensatory behaviours among Japanese. We hypothesised that Japanese, as collectivists, would perceive relational uncertainty to pose uncertainty threat. In two experiments, we manipulated relational uncertainty, and confirmed that participants exhibited compensatory reactions to reduce aversive feelings due to it. In Study 1, we conducted direct comparison between relational uncertainty, independent self-uncertainty and control conditions. The results revealed that participants who were instructed to imagine events pertaining to relational uncertainty heightened national identification as compensation than did participants in the control condition, but independent self-uncertainty did not provoke such effects. In Study 2, we again manipulated relational uncertainty; however, we also manipulated participants' individualism-collectivism cultural orientation through priming, and the analyses yielded a significant interaction effect between these variables. Relational uncertainty evoked reactive approach motivation, a cause for compensatory behaviours, among participants primed with collectivism, but not for individualism. It was concluded that the effect of uncertainty on compensatory behaviour is influenced by cultural priming, and that relational uncertainty is important to Japanese.

    DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12422

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    PubMed

  26. Cross-cultural comparison of relational values of Asians: Analysing the World Values Survey, International Social Survey Programme, and AsiaBarometer

    Min, M. C., & Takai, J.

    Bulletin of the Graduate School of Education and Human Development, Nagoya University (Psychology and Human Development Sciences)   Vol. 64   page: 87-97   2018.3

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  27. ユーモア・センスの気質的基盤 ―「状態・特性快活さ尺度 (特性版)」 邦訳項目の信頼性・妥当性の検討― Reviewed

    鵜子修司、高井次郎

    笑い学研究   Vol. 25   page: 120-135   2018

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    Ruch, Köhler, & Van Thriel(1996)の作成した状態・特性快活さ尺度(State-Trait-Cheerfulness-Inventory: STCI)は、ユーモア・センスに関連する気質的基盤として快活さ、真剣さ、不機嫌さの3つを、個人の状態ないし特性として測定す
    る尺度である。本研究ではSTCIの特性版(STCI-T)について、各項目の日本語訳を新たに作成し、信頼性・妥当性を検証
    した。大学生263名を対象にした調査の結果、オリジナルのSTCI-Tを構成する下位特性(facet)モデルは、各下位特性における信頼性の低さから維持されなかった。その代わり、本研究では下位尺度への修正済I-T相関に基づく項目選定から、暫定的なSTCI-T <49>を構成した。このときSTCI-Tにおける、3つの下位尺度の信頼性は.73から.89であり何れも高かった。ま
    た各下位尺度とBig Five、及びwell-beingの指標の相関は、先行研究の結果を再現した。以上から、STCI-T<49>はオリジナル
    のSTCI-Tに類似した概念を測定する尺度として、ある程度の信頼性・妥当性を有していると結論付けられた。最後に、本研究
    でオリジナルのSTCI-Tにおける下位特性・因子構造が再現されなかった結果の説明として、考えられる可能性について検討し、今後の課題についてまとめた。

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.18991/warai.25.0_120

  28. Social projection to outgroups: Japanese students refer to psychologically distant others

    Chieko Yoshihara, Reina Takamatsu, Jiro Takai

    Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology   Vol. 12   2018

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    © The Author(s) 2018. This study focused on social projection (SP) to outgroups. Two studies were conducted to show that SP to outgroups was greater than to ingroups when an issue is more relevant to the outgroup than to the ingroup and vice versa. These experiments were conducted for students of different schools (N1 = 92, N2 = 203). The results confirmed that students overestimated agreement with working adults when the topic was more relevant to working people. Also, when the topic was relevant to students, they overestimated agreement of other students relative to the working adults. These results suggested the relevance of the opinion was more important than perceived social distance when Japanese students refer to others.

    DOI: 10.1017/prp.2018.17

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    Scopus

  29. Constructing the Social Media Uses and Gratifications Scale on Japanese and Chinese samples: Comparing content to Western conceived scales Reviewed

    Xu, W., & Takai, J.

    Intercultural Communication Studies   Vol. 27   page: 125-144   2018

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  30. Effect of imagined contact in reducing explicit prejudice toward outgroups of Japanese Reviewed

    Hu, A., & Takai, J.

    Intercultural Communication Studies   Vol. 27   page: 00   2018

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  31. The effect of emotional competence on relational quality: Comparing Japan and Myanmar Reviewed

    Min, M. C., & Takai, J.

    Current Psychology     2018

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-0002-9

  32. Cross-cultural comparison of university students' emotional competence in Asia Reviewed

    Min, M. C., Islam, N. M., Wang, L., & Takai, J.

    Current Psychology     2018

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-9918-3

  33. ユーモア・センスの気質的基盤

    鵜子 修司, 高井 次郎

    笑い学研究   Vol. 25 ( 0 ) page: 120 - 135   2018

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:日本笑い学会  

    Ruch, Kohler, & Van Thriel(1996)の作成した状態・特性快活さ尺度(State-Trait-Cheerfulness-Inventory: STCI) は、ユーモア・センスに関連する気質的基盤として快活さ、真剣さ、不機嫌さの3つを、個人の状態ないし特性として測定する尺度である。本研究ではSTCIの特性版(STCI-T)について、各項目の日本語訳を新たに作成し、信頼性・妥当性を検証した。大学生263名を対象にした調査の結果、オリジナルのSTCI-Tを構成する下位特性(facet)モデルは、各下位特性における信頼性の低さから維持されなかった。その代わり、本研究では下位尺度への修正済I-T相関に基づく項目選定から、暫定的なSTCI-T 49を構成した。このときSTCI-Tにおける、3つの下位尺度の信頼性は.73から.89であり何れも高かった。また各下位尺度とBig Five、及びwell-beingの指標の相関は、先行研究の結果を再現した。以上から、STCI-T 49はオリジナルのSTCI-Tに類似した概念を測定する尺度として、ある程度の信頼性・妥当性を有していると結論付けられた。最後に、本研究でオリジナルのSTCI-Tにおける下位特性・因子構造が再現されなかった結果の説明として、考えられる可能性について検討し、今後の課題についてまとめた。

    DOI: 10.18991/warai.25.0_120

    CiNii Research

  34. INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION A JAPANESE PERSPECTIVE

    Takai, J

    GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES ON INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION     page: 53 - 57   2017

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  35. Research Trends and Issues in the Study of Identity of Multi-ethnic Persons

    TABA, A. &, TAKAI, J.

    Bulletin of the Graduate School of Education and Human Development (Psychological Sciences)   Vol. 63   page: 93-101   2016.12

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  36. Communal identification for uncertainty reduction regarding relationships

    Terashima Yuto, Takai Jiro

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY   Vol. 51   page: 1099 - 1099   2016.7

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    Language:Japanese  

    Web of Science

  37. Self-protective function of social projection : Social projection to out-group increases the validity of opinion

    Chieko Yoshihara, Reina Takamatsu, Jiro Takai

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY   Vol. 51   page: 731 - 731   2016.7

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    Language:English   Publisher:ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD  

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  38. Parent's behaviors and ways of thinking about children's' conflict management strategies in China, Japan, and South Korea

    Hiroki Maruyama, Tatsuo Ujiie, Jiro Takai, Yuko Takahama, Hiroko Sakagami, Makoto Shibayama, Mayumi Fukumoto, Katsumi Ninomiya, Hyang Ah Park, Feng Xiaoxia, Chie Takatsuji, Miwa Hirose, Rei Kudo, Yoshihiro Shima, Rumiko Nakayama, Noriko Hamaie, Zhang Feng, Satoshi Moriizumi

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY   Vol. 51   page: 330 - 330   2016.7

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    Language:English   Publisher:ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD  

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  39. Cultural Difference in Conflict Management Strategies of Children and Its Development: Comparing 3- and 5-Year-Olds Across China, Japan, and Korea. International journal

    Hiroki Maruyama, Tatsuo Ujiie, Jiro Takai, Yuko Takahama, Hiroko Sakagami, Makoto Shibayama, Mayumi Fukumoto, Katsumi Ninomiya, Park Hyang Ah, Xiaoxia Feng, Chie Takatsuji, Miwa Hirose, Rei Kudo, Yoshihiro Shima, Rumiko Nakayama, Noriko Hamaie, Feng Zhang, Satoshi Moriizumi

    Early education and development   Vol. 26 ( 8 ) page: 1210 - 1233   2015.11

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    Language:Japanese   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD  

    Research Findings: The purpose of this study was to examine differences in the development of conflict management strategies, focusing on 3- and 5-year-olds, through a comparison of 3 neighboring Asian cultures, those of China (n = 114), Japan (n = 98), and Korea (n = 90). The dual concern model of conflict management was adopted to probe which strategy children would prefer to use in 2 hypothetical conflict situations. Results indicated that, first, for disagreement, 3-year-olds in the 3 countries equally preferred the dominating strategy. For competition for resources, 3-year-olds differed in their strategy preference across all cultures. Second, the observed strategy preference of 3- to 5-year-old children in this study was more or less different from that of older schoolchildren, regardless of culture. Practice or Policy: These findings suggest the significance of the context, the complexity of the phenomenon of the development of cultural differences, and the significance of cohort sampling.

    DOI: 10.1080/10409289.2015.1036344

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  40. THE EFFECT OF INTIMACY AND STATUS DISCREPANCY ON SALIENT AND NON-SALIENT CONFLICT STRATEGIES OF JAPANESE. International journal

    Satomi Nakatsugawa, Jiro Takai

    Psychological reports   Vol. 117 ( 2 ) page: 597 - 613   2015.10

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    Language:Japanese   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:AMMONS SCIENTIFIC, LTD  

    It has been claimed that Japanese people prefer passive forms of conflict strategies to preserve interpersonal harmony. This study aimed to identify some conditions in which such passive strategies are used. The effects of target intimacy and status discrepancy on the intent and use of salient and non-salient conflict strategies were examined, along with respondent sex differences. Questionnaires were collected from 205 Japanese university students. Results indicated that women were more likely to have non-salient intents than men and that intimacy affected considerateness intent but not avoidance intent. Active non-salient strategy was affected by status while passive non-salient strategy was affected by intimacy. Overall, target characteristics proved to be a strong factor in the intents and strategies employed in conflict situations of Japanese.

    DOI: 10.2466/17.21.PR0.117c20z3

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    PubMed

  41. Cultural difference in conflict management strategies of children and its development: Comparing 3- and 5-year-olds across China, Japan, and Korea Reviewed

    Maruyama, H., Ujiie, T., Takai, J., Takahama, Y., Sakagami, H., Shibayama, M., Fukumoto, M., Ninomiya, K., Park, H. A., Feng, X., Takatsuji, C., Hirose, M., Kudo, R., Shima, Y., Nakayama, R., Hamaie, N., Zhang, F. & Moriizumi, S.

    Early Education and Development   Vol. 26   page: 1210-1233   2015

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  42. The effect of intimacy and status discrepancy on salient and non-salient conflict strategies of Japanese Reviewed

    Nakatsugawa, S., & Takai, J.

    Psychological Reports   Vol. 117   page: 597-613   2015

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  43. Everyday experiences of account-giving from victims' and offenders' perspectives: A comparison of U.S. American and Japanese perceptions Reviewed

    Shimada, T., Thameling, C. L., & Takai, J.

    Intercultural Communication Studies   Vol. 24   page: 82-102   2015

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  44. Out-group mind perception before and after territorial conflict: Empathy as a key to reducing extreme prejudice

    TAKAMATSU, Reina, TAKAI, Jiro

    Bulletin of the Graduate School of Education and Human Development (Psychological Sciences)   Vol. 61   page: 69-76   2014.12

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  45. Everyday experience of account-giving process: Accounts and their effects Reviewed

    Shimada, T., Thameling, C., & Takai, J.

    Japanese Journal of Communication Studies   Vol. 43 ( 1 ) page: 5-28   2014.11

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    DOI: https://doi.org/10.20698/comm.43.1_5

  46. An approach to work-home balance in Romania Reviewed

    Muscalu, I. C. B., Matsumoto, M., Kanai, A., & Takai, J.

    International Journal of Applied Psychology   Vol. 4   page: 19-24   2014

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  47. The relationship between interpersonal competence and salient and non-salient conflict strategies of Japanese students Reviewed

    Nakatsugawa, S., & Takai, J.

    Intercultural Communication Studies   Vol. 23   page: 103-116   2014

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  48. Roles of work-home balance skill and accommodation strategies for satisfaction at work-home interface Reviewed

    Muscalu, I. C. B., Matsumoto, M., Kanai, A., & Takai, J.

      Vol. 27   page: 1-11   2014

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  49. Everyday Experience of Account-Giving Process : Accounts and Their Effects

    SHIMADA Takuji, THAMELING Carl L., TAKAI Jiro

    Japanese Journal of Communication Studies   Vol. 43 ( 1 ) page: 5 - 28   2014

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    This study intends to explore the process of interpersonal accounts that Japanese and American college students experience in their everyday lives, with special emphases on the associations among the severity of offense, the nature of reproach, the preference for accounting tactics, and the relational consequences. Questionnaires were distributed to a total of 478 (260 Japanese and 218 American) students, who were asked about their own experiences of interpersonal accounts in terms of their perceived causes of account-making, nature of reproaches, the damages caused by the account-requiring incidents, and the accounting tactics from the perspectives of the account-receiver (the victim's role) and the account-giver (the offender's role). The results indicated that the causes of offense affect the relational consequences between offenders and victims. In addition, the relational consequences were found to be influenced by the choice of accounting tactics and the nature of reproach. The most interesting finding was that most hypotheses were supported by the victim's data only. The implications of the findings are discussed in terms of the self-serving attributional tendency and cultural differences.

    DOI: 10.20698/comm.43.1_5

  50. Roles of work-home balance skill and accommodation strategies for satisfaction at work-home interface

    Muscalu Ioana-Cristina Bratescu, Matsumoto Miyuki, Kanai Atsuko, Takai Jiro

    Japanese Journal of Administrative Science   Vol. 27 ( 1 ) page: 1 - 11   2014

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    Language:English   Publisher:The Japanese Association of Administrative Science  

    In this research we investigated the moderating role of the work-home balance skill and the work-home accommodation strategies on the relationship between the emotions at work-home interface and satisfactions and mental health among Romanian workers. We firstly hypothesized that, in the relationship between the experience of work-home interface's negative emotions and the outcomes referring to satisfaction and health, the skill in work-home balance and the work-home accommodation strategies have an opposed function. We assumed the former might act to enhance satisfaction and inhibit illness. Secondly, we hypothesized that this skill in work-home balance will probably moderate the negative effect of prolonged working hours on the satisfaction with workhome balance. We tested the hypotheses through structural equation modeling and the ANOVA method in a representative sample of 277 Romanian workers (age range 21-65). The results supported both hypotheses. We conclude that it is important that people should use the work-home accommodation strategies to the minimum and accumulate the work-home balance skills.

    DOI: 10.5651/jaas.27.1

    CiNii Research

  51. Evaluation of work-life balance in Romania through semi-structured interview technique. Reviewed

      Vol. 13   page: 11-16   2013

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  52. Keeping conflicts latent: "Salient" versus "non-salient" interpersonal conflict management strategies of Japanese

    Nakatsugawa, S., & Takai, J.

    Intercultural Communication Studies   Vol. 22   page: 43-60   2013

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  53. Face concerns in interpersonal conflict: Elaborating on face negotiation theory Reviewed

    Moriizumi, S., & Takai, J.

    Japan Journal of Language in Society   Vol. 15   page: 46-57   2013

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  54. Face Concerns in Interpersonal Conflict : Elaborating on Face Negotiation Theory

    MORIIZUMI Satoshi, TAKAI Jiro

    The Japanese Journal of Language in Society   Vol. 15 ( 2 ) page: 46 - 57   2013

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    Language:English   Publisher:The Japanese Association of Sociolinguistic Sciences  

    This study examined the relationship between relational features, face concerns, and conflict styles by confirming and elaborating on face negotiation theory (FNT). In the study 344 Japanese university students were asked to rate face concerns and interpersonal conflict style in relation to targets of differing relational closeness and social status. These relationships were tested through structural equation modeling. The general results confirmed the situational model proposed by FNT. Moreover, the further examination of face concepts was valuable in explaining conflict communication processes. First, relational features were found to impact the use of conflict styles directly and indirectly through face concerns. Second, through examining face concerns from the two dimensions of content and locus, we could gain a more detailed picture of the relationship between face concerns and conflict styles. By applying the results of the current study, educators will be able to focus on relational features and face concerns to offer training in interpersonal communication competence needed to resolve interpersonal conflict.

    DOI: 10.19024/jajls.15.2_46

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  55. Considering cross-cultural student exchange from a social psychological perspective

    Jiro Takai

    Transnational Higher Education in the Asian Context     page: 185 - 194   2012.12

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    Language:Japanese   Publishing type:Part of collection (book)  

    DOI: 10.1057/9781137034946

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  56. What Makes for a Good Life? A Four-Nation Study

    Romin W. Tafarodi, Greg Bonn, Hanyu Liang, Jiro Takai, Satoshi Moriizumi, Vivek Belhekar, Amruta Padhye

    Journal of Happiness Studies   Vol. 13 ( 5 ) page: 783 - 800   2012.10

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    Language:Japanese   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:SPRINGER  

    How do we assess the value of our lives? What makes the life we live a good or worthy one in our own eyes? What are its aims? The answers to these questions are implicit in the often unarticulated commitments by which people define their selves, purposes, and actions. These commitments structure the moral framework that guides our everyday qualitative distinctions and positions us within a unified narrative of continuity and change. The substantive conception of a good life, we argue, presupposes but is not reducible to a set of basic values. As an initial exploration of cultural variation, Canadian, Chinese, Indian, and Japanese university students were compared on what they held to be most important for assessing the worth of their lives. The results revealed considerable commonality of content with notable differences consistent with the cultural ethos of each group. © 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

    DOI: 10.1007/s10902-011-9290-6

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  57. 対人葛藤における建設的潜在化方略選好の規定因

    中津川智美、吉田琢哉、高井次郎

    名古屋大学教育発達科学研究科紀要   Vol. 58   page: 47-55   2012.3

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  58. 対人ストレスの日米比較―親密性とソーシャルスキルの観点から Reviewed

    橋本剛、吉田琢哉、矢崎祐美子、森泉哲、高井次郎、John Oetzel

    実験社会心理学研究   Vol. 51   page: 91-103   2012

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  59. A specific of the balance between work and life in Romania: Gender differences in labor support Reviewed

    Muscalu, I. C. B., Matsumoto, M., Kanai, A., & Takai, J.

    Revista de Psyihologie Organizationala (Romanian Journal of Organizational Psychology)   Vol. 12   page: 61-68   2012

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  60. What makes for a good life? A four-nation study Reviewed

    Tafarodi, R. W., Bonn, G., Liang, H., Takai, J., Moriizumi, S., Belhekar, V., & Padhye, A.

    Journal of Happiness Studies     page: 1-18   2011

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  61. Cross-cultural comparison of the developmental process of conflict management skills in early childhood

    MATSUI Hiroki, TAKAI Jiro, TAKAHAMA Yuko, SHIBAYAMA Makoto, FUKUMOTO Mayumi, SAKAGAMI Hiroko, NINOMIYA Katsumi, OMI Rei, SHIMA Yoshihiro, NAKAYAMA Rumiko, HAMAIE Noriko

    The Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association   Vol. 75 ( 0 ) page: 3PM056 - 3PM056   2011

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:The Japanese Psychological Association  

    DOI: 10.4992/pacjpa.75.0_3pm056

    CiNii Research

  62. A cross-cultural comparison of interpersonal stress between Japan and the United States: Featuring relational closeness and social skills

    Hashimoto Takeshi, Yoshida Takuya, Yazaki Yumiko, Moriizumi Satoshi, Takai Jiro, Oetzel John G.

    THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY   Vol. 51 ( 2 ) page: 91 - 103   2011

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:The Japanese Group Dynamics Association  

    This study investigated cultural differences between the United States and Japan in terms of frequency of interpersonal stressors in close and non-close relationships, effects of social skills on the relationship between culture and stressors, and effects of interpersonal stressors on distress. Japanese and American undergraduates participated in a questionnaire survey. The three major findings were as follows. First, regarding frequency of stressors, cultural differences were not found in interpersonal conflicts (arguments and confrontations), but effects of culture and closeness were found in both interpersonal blunders (imposing a burden on someone) and interpersonal friction (suppressing true feelings and being considerate); particularly, in close relationships, Japanese experienced more interpersonal blunders, but less interpersonal friction than Americans. Second, social skills served as a mediator to the relationship between culture and frequency of interpersonal blunders for close relationships, indicating that interpersonal blunders are more frequent in Japan than the U.S. Also, regarding associations between social skills and frequency of interpersonal conflicts in close relationships, a moderator effect of culture was significant; that is, those with higher skills experienced less interpersonal conflict for Americans, but not for Japanese. Finally, the relationship between interpersonal stressors in close relationships and distress was stronger in Japan than the U.S.<br>

    DOI: 10.2130/jjesp.51.91

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  63. Cross-cultural comparison of the developmental process of conflict management skills in early childhood

    HAMAIE Noriko, TAKAI Jiro, TAKAHAMA Yuko, SHIBAYAMA Makoto, FUKUMOTO mayumi, SAKAGAMI Hiroko, NINOMIYA Katsumi, OMI Rei, SHIMA Yoshihiro, NAKAYAMA Rumiko, MATSUI Hiroki

    The Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association   Vol. 75 ( 0 ) page: 3PM055 - 3PM055   2011

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    DOI: 10.4992/pacjpa.75.0_3pm055

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  64. Cross-cultural comparison of the developmental process of conflict management skills in early childhood:

    HAMAIE Noriko, TAKAI Jiro, TAKAHAMA Yuko, SHIBAYAMA Makoto, FUKUMOTO Mayumi, SAKAGAMI Hiroko, NINOMIYA Katsumi, OMI Rei, SHIMA Yoshihiro, NAKAYAMA Rumiko, MATSUI Hiroki

    The Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association   Vol. 74 ( 0 ) page: 2EV120 - 2EV120   2010.9

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:The Japanese Psychological Association  

    DOI: 10.4992/pacjpa.74.0_2ev120

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  65. The relationships between Japanese interpersonal conflict styles and their language expressions

    Satoshi Moriizumi, Jiro Takai

    Journal of Social Psychology   Vol. 150 ( 5 ) page: 520 - 539   2010.9

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    The present study investigated the influence of interpersonal conflict management styles on language expressions and the differences in expressions in same-sex relational categories based on specific in-group-out-group classifications. Questionnaires were administered to 367 university students in Japan. After reading a scenario, participants reported on actual language use and gave ratings on an interpersonal conflict management scale. The results revealed that Japanese change their expressions, along with psychological styles, depending on the relational target. They also indicated psychological constructs were related to their equivalent expressions. The results suggested that future research should take into consideration the potential differences in behavior and interaction posture inherent in various relational and situational categories. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

    DOI: 10.1080/00224540903365349

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  66. The Relationships between Japanese Interpersonal Conflict Styles and Their Language Expressions Reviewed

    Satoshi Moriizumi, Jiro Takai

    Journal of Social Psychology   Vol. 150   page: 520-539   2010.9

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  67. Current and future directions of socio-cultural support model for Asian immigrants older adults

    Hoshino Kazumi, Zarit Steven H., Sundstrom Gerdt, Takenoshita Hirohisa, Nakayamoto Yoshihiko, Toyama Hironori, Takase Koji, Dodge Hiroko H., Takai Jiro, Hirayama Ryo, Nakayama Makoto

    アジア研究   ( 5 ) page: 119 - 128   2010.3

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  68. International comparisons of multicultural lifelong education for the oldest old based on psychosocial development

    Zarit Steven H.

    The Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association   Vol. 73 ( 0 ) page: WS013 - WS013   2009.8

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    DOI: 10.4992/pacjpa.73.0_ws013

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  69. 葛藤処理方略の文化差の発生過程(5)

    濱家 德子, 氏家 達夫, 高井 次郎, 高濱 裕子, 柴山 真琴, 福元 真由美, 坂上 裕子, 二宮 克美, 近江 玲, 島 義弘, 中山 留美子, 松井 宏樹

    日本心理学会大会発表論文集   Vol. 73 ( 0 ) page: 3AM131 - 3AM131   2009.8

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    DOI: 10.4992/pacjpa.73.0_3am131

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  70. 何が対人関係のストレスをもたらすのか(2)

    吉田 琢哉, 矢崎 裕美子, 森泉 哲, 高井 次郎, 橋本 剛

    日本心理学会大会発表論文集   Vol. 73 ( 0 ) page: 1PM034 - 1PM034   2009.8

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    DOI: 10.4992/pacjpa.73.0_1pm034

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  71. 何が対人関係のストレスをもたらすのか(1)

    橋本 剛, 吉田 琢哉, 矢崎 裕美子, 森泉 哲, 高井 次郎

    日本心理学会大会発表論文集   Vol. 73 ( 0 ) page: 1PM033 - 1PM033   2009.8

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    DOI: 10.4992/pacjpa.73.0_1pm033

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  72. Gaming tool as a method of natural disaster risk education: Educating the relationship between risk and insurance

    T. Unagami, T. Motoyoshi, J. Takai

    Safety, Reliability and Risk Analysis: Theory, Methods and Applications - Proceedings of the Joint ESREL and SRA-Europe Conference   Vol. 4   page: 2685 - 2688   2009

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    The present study aimed to revise disaster risk communication gaming tool RisCom (Unagami, Motoyoshi, Takai, & Yoshida, 2007). In a previous study, the authors developed and tested the effectiveness of RisCom in terms of natural disaster risk education, and pointed out the necessity for a better gaming tool that reflects more factors related to natural disaster prevention. In the present study, disaster insurance was implemented into the previous version of RisCom. The game was designed to provide better educational tools for natural disaster risk education, as well as to provide research method for research in the perception of risk and willingness to accept some cost to avoid possible risks (i.e., willingness to pay). A total of 115 Japanese students participated in RisCom II. Individual difference in the risk aversive strategy was observed, and most of the participants evaluated the new version of RisCom as being both educative and entertaining. Participants* interests towards natural disaster insurance increased significantly after playing the game. © 2009 Taylor & Francis Group.

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  73. 葛藤処理方略の文化差の発生過程(4)

    近江 玲, 氏家 達夫, 高井 次郎, 高濱 裕子, 柴山 真琴, 福元 真由美, 坂上 裕子, 二宮 克美, 島 義弘, 中山 留美子

    日本心理学会大会発表論文集   Vol. 72 ( 0 ) page: 3AM048 - 3AM048   2008.9

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    DOI: 10.4992/pacjpa.72.0_3am048

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  74. 葛藤処理方略の文化差の発生過程(3)

    坂上 裕子, 氏家 達夫, 近江 玲, 柴山 真琴, 島 義弘, 高井 次郎, 二宮 克美

    日本心理学会大会発表論文集   Vol. 72 ( 0 ) page: 3AM047 - 3AM047   2008.9

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    DOI: 10.4992/pacjpa.72.0_3am047

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  75. 葛藤処理方略の文化差の発生過程(1)

    氏家 達夫, 高井 次郎, 高濱 裕子, 柴山 真琴, 福元 真由美, 坂上 裕子, 二宮 克美, 近江 玲, 島 義弘, 中山 留美子

    日本心理学会大会発表論文集   Vol. 72 ( 0 ) page: 3AM045 - 3AM045   2008.9

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    DOI: 10.4992/pacjpa.72.0_3am045

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  76. 葛藤処理方略の文化差の発生過程(2)

    島 義弘, 氏家 達夫, 高井 次郎, 高濱 裕子, 柴山 真琴, 福元 真由美, 坂上 裕子, 二宮 克美, 近江 玲, 中山 留美子

    日本心理学会大会発表論文集   Vol. 72 ( 0 ) page: 3AM046 - 3AM046   2008.9

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    DOI: 10.4992/pacjpa.72.0_3am046

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  77. No mobile, no life: Self-perception and text-message dependency among Japanese high school students. Reviewed

    Igarashi, T., Motoyoshi, T., Takai, J., & Yoshida, T.

    Computers in Human Behavior   Vol. 24   page: 2311-2324   2008.9

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    A survey was conducted to investigate how self-perception of text-message dependency leads to psychological/behavioral symptoms in relation to personality factors. Japanese high school students completed a self-report questionnaire measuring frequency of text-messages, self-perception of text-message dependency, psychological/behavioral symptoms, extroversion and neuroticism. Self-perception of text-message dependency was composed of three factors: perception of excessive use, emotional reaction, and relationship maintenance. Although message frequency was significantly related to psychological/behavioral symptoms, this effect was qualified by self-perception and personality factors. In particular, self-perception of text-message dependency strongly affected psychological/behavioral symptoms. Importance of distinction between extroverted and neurotic text-message dependency through the process of self-perception of maladaptive behavior is discussed.

  78. No mobile, no life: Self-perception and text-message dependency among Japanese high school students.

    Tasuku Igarashi, Tadahiro Motoyoshi, Jiro Takai, Toshikazu Yoshida

    Comput. Hum. Behav.   Vol. 24 ( 5 ) page: 2311 - 2324   2008.9

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    Language:Japanese   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher:PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  

    A survey was conducted to investigate how self-perception of text-message dependency leads to psychological/behavioral symptoms in relation to personality factors. Japanese high school students completed a self-report questionnaire measuring frequency of text-messages, self-perception of text-message dependency, psychological/behavioral symptoms, extroversion and neuroticism. Self-perception of text-message dependency was composed of three factors: perception of excessive use, emotional reaction, and relationship maintenance. Although message frequency was significantly related to psychological/behavioral symptoms, this effect was qualified by self-perception and personality factors. In particular, self-perception of text-message dependency strongly affected psychological/behavioral symptoms. Importance of distinction between extroverted and neurotic text-message dependency through the process of self-perception of maladaptive behavior is discussed. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2007.12.001

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  79. The effect of the norm related to anger regulation according to interpersonal relationships Reviewed

    Takuya Yoshida, & Jiro Takai

    Japanese Journal of Interpersonal Social Psychology   Vol. 8   page: 35-42   2008.6

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    Effects of emotion regulation tactics which represent expression or non-expression have been examined in relation to psychological well-being. However, which tactic is effective would be contingent on the interpersonal relationships with the agent of arousal at least for anger regulation, as the norms pertaining to emotion expression may differ with intimacy or social status of the target. As it was vague that whether both intimacy and status influenced the cognition of norm and use of each tactic, the present study, focusing on anger, examined the influence of intimacy and status on norm and use of anger regulation tactics. A vignette approach revealed that social status generally had some effect on the norm of anger regulation. Results also showed that the social status had positive relationships with the anger regulation tactics after the effects of the norm had been statistically controlled.

  80. Duration to prepare against natural disasters: Fail to plan or plan to fail

    Tomoaki Unagami, Tadahiro Motoyoshi, Jiro Takai, Toshikazu Yoshida

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY   Vol. 43 ( 3-4 ) page: 164 - 164   2008.6

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  81. 怒り感情の制御に関する調整要因の検討-感情生起対象との関係性に着目して Reviewed

    吉田琢哉、高井次郎

    感情心理学研究   Vol. 15   page: 89-106   2008.4

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  82. *Effects of anonymity on antisocial behavior committed by individuals Reviewed

    Nogami, Tatsuya, Jiro Takai

    Psychological Reports   Vol. 102   page: 119-130   2008.2

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    The present study examined association between anonymity and antisocial individual behavior without any influence from die presence of others. Anonymity was operationally defined as consisting of two components, nonidentifiability and nonaccountability. Antisocial behavior was defined as rule-breaking behavior seeking a monetary reward. It was hypothesized that anonymity would increase antisocial behavior among individuals. Undergraduate students (20 men, 50 women) were recruited from two psychology classes and were randomly assigned to four experimental conditions (Anonymous, Nonidentifiable, Nonaccountable, and Nonanonymous) to examine whether they would violate game rules to obtain the monetary reward through anonymity. Only participants in the Anonymous condition violated the rules to obtain the reward. Implications for the effects of anonymity on antisocial individual behavior are discussed.

  83. Effects of anonymity on antisocial behavior committed by individuals. International journal

    Tatsuya Nogami, Jiro Takai

    Psychological reports   Vol. 102 ( 1 ) page: 119 - 30   2008.2

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    The present study examined association between anonymity and antisocial individual behavior without any influence from the presence of others. Anonymity was operationally defined as consisting of two components, nonidentifiability and nonaccountability. Antisocial behavior was defined as rule-breaking behavior seeking a monetary reward. It was hypothesized that anonymity would increase antisocial behavior among individuals. Undergraduate students (20 men, 50 women) were recruited from two psychology classes and were randomly assigned to four experimental conditions (Anonymous, Nonidentifiable, Nonaccountable, and Nonanonymous) to examine whether they would violate game rules to obtain the monetary reward through anonymity. Only participants in the Anonymous condition violated the rules to obtain the reward. Implications for the effects of anonymity on antisocial individual behavior are discussed.

    DOI: 10.2466/PR0.102.1.119-130

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  84. Does self-concept differentiation really damage mental health?: Exploring the role of expectancy from others

    Yoshida Takuya, Takai Jiro

    THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY   Vol. 47 ( 2 ) page: 118 - 133   2008

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    There have been a myriad of studies focusing on self-concept-in-situation. However, it has yet to be empirically clarified why self concept may change, depending on the context. Based on previous studies, it was hypothesized that expectation from others peculiar to a situation will influence changes in self-concept. Also, the relationship between self-concept change and mental health was examined. Although studies in self-concept differentiation have shown that changes in self concept are a sign of maladaptation, this study forwarded that changes in the direction toward the expectations from others should be regarded as adaptive. Thus, self-concept change along with expectations, were hypothesized to positively relate to situation-specific self-evaluation and global mental health. Results supported these hypotheses except for mental health. The relationship between self concept change and self-monitoring was also examined, and it was determined that sensitivity to expressive behavior of others have a positive influence on self concept change. The difference between the effects of the two components of self-monitoring on self concept change was discussed, and it was concluded that further exploration of social situations are warranted.<br>

    DOI: 10.2130/jjesp.47.118

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  85. Moderating factors of anger regulation: Focusing on interpersonal relationships with the agent of arousal

    Yoshida Takuya, Takai Jiro

    JAPANESE JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON EMOTIONS   Vol. 15 ( 2 ) page: 89 - 106   2008

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    The effects of expression or non-expression of negative emotions have been of particular interest to researchers of emotion regulation. Among the variety of negative emotions, anger poses a particularly detrimental consequence on interpersonal relationships and mental health, whether expressed or not. The constructive expression of anger and trial of revision has been the recent focus of an effective method of anger regulation. However, the most effective tactic is contingent on the interpersonal relationship with the agent of arousal, as norms pertaining to emotional expression may differ depending on the level of intimacy or power distance. Thus, the present study examined the moderating effect of relational variables with the agent of anger arousal. A native anger regulation scale suggested a five-factor structure: Emotional expression, Constructive expression, Expression toward third person, Suppression, and Reappraisal attempt. To confirm the moderating effects of interpersonal relations, evaluations of past anger-arousing experiences between two conditions, one toward a non-intimate target with higher status, and another toward an intimate target with equal status, were compared. Results suggested that Reappraisal attempt had a positive effect on relationship evaluation in the non-intimate, higher status condition, while constructive expression had a positive effect in the intimate, equal status condition. Further examination of relationship factors, content of anger experience, and other moderating factors was discussed.

    DOI: 10.4092/jsre.15.89

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  86. Development of the Career Information Exploration Behavior Scale

    Yumiko Yazaki, Kazushi Saito, Jiro Takai

      Vol. 54   page: 127-134   2007.12

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  87. Dissociation as a mediator between perceived parental rearing style and depression in an adult community population using college students

    Takahiro Yoshizumi, Satomi Murase, Takashi Murakami, Jiro Takai

    Personality and Individual Differences   Vol. 43 ( 2 ) page: 353 - 364   2007.7

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    The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating process in the relationship between early parenting and depressive symptoms. In particular, the potential role of dissociation as a mediator between the perceived parental rearing style during childhood and depression in adulthood was examined, along with the effect of avoidance as a coping style. A total of 449 undergraduates (231 men and 218 women) completed five measures: the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), the Parenting Scale of Inconsistency (PSI), the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), the Depression Scale of the GHQ-60, and the Tri-axial Coping Scale (TAC-24). Path analyses were conducted to test for mediating effects. The findings showed different paths by gender. For men, dissociation mediated the relationship between overprotective parenting and depressive symptoms, although for women, dissociation mediated the relationship between inconsistent parenting and depressive symptoms. Avoidance as a coping style had no effect on depressive symptoms. The mediating role of dissociation between perceived parenting style and depressive symptoms was confirmed in a community sample. Some clinical and research implications of the study were outlined. © 2007.

    DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2006.12.010

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  88. Teacher Immediacy Scales: Testing for Validity Across Cultures

    Qin Zhang, John G. Oetzel, Xiaofang Gao, Richard G. Wilcox, Jiro Takai

    Communication Education   Vol. 56 ( 2 ) page: 228 - 248   2007.4

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    Cross-cultural validity of teacher immediacy scales is a constant concern in instructional communication research. The present study examines the validity of two existing teacher immediacy scales: the Revised Nonverbal Immediacy Measure (RNIM) and the Chinese Teacher Immediacy Scale (CTIS) in U.S., Chinese, German, and Japanese cultures. Results of confirmatory factor analysis and Pearson correlation provide evidence for the validity of both the RNIM and the CTIS. Overall, both scales are found to have adequate factorial, construct, convergent, and discriminant validity pan-culturally and within culture, despite some slight variations across cultures. Implications and future directions are also addressed.

    DOI: 10.1080/03634520601089092

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  89. The influence of time pressure on mood-congruent effects: Evaluating products with limited information

    Masayo Noda, Jiro Takai, Toshikazu Yoshida

    Journal of Applied Social Psychology   Vol. 37 ( 2 ) page: 403 - 425   2007.2

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    This study tested mood effects on product evaluation, varying information type and time pressure. In this experiment, happy or sad moods were induced in participants, then they were asked to evaluate products. The results showed that in the happy mood/non-time-prcssure condition, a favorable evaluation was seen when complete information was provided compared to incomplete. However, when time pressure was induced, no such difference was observed. On the other hand, in the sad mood/non-time-pressure condition, there was no difference in evaluation between complete and incomplete information, but when time pressure was induced, a less favorable evaluation of products was seen under incomplete relative to complete. The results provide support for the process in which participants depend on their mood as a source of information when inferring about missing information under reduced cognitive capacity. © 2007 Blackwell Publishing, Inc.

    DOI: 10.1111/j.0021-9029.2007.00166.x

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  90. Positive-negative asymmetry in mental state inference: Replication and extension Reviewed

    Itoh, K., & Takai, J.

    Psychologia   Vol. 49   page: 267-277   2007

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    Our present study examined whether this asymmetrical inference is evident in the case of inference from real-life behavioral episodes. Participants were asked to remember desirable and undesirable behavior performed by other persons, and to infer the actors' mental states from their behaviors. The results supported the hypothesis, indicating that, while people's inclinations to infer correspondent mental states from both behaviors were potent, inference of non-correspondent mental states from desirable behaviors were more frequent than inference from undesirable behaviors. The results also provided insight into the process of idea generation in mental state inference.

  91. *The influence of time pressure on mood congruent effects: Evaluating products under limited information conditions Reviewed

    Noda, M., Takai, J., & Yoshida, T.

    Journal of Applied Social Psychology   Vol. 37   page: 403-425   2007

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    This study tested mood effects on product evaluation, varying information type and time pressure. In this experiment, happy or sad moods were induced in participants, then they were asked to evaluate products. The results showed that in the happy mood/non-time-pressure condition, a favorable evaluation was seen when complete information was provided compared to incomplete. However, when time pressure was induced, no such difference was observed. On the other hand, in the sad mood/non-time-pressure condition, there was no difference in evaluation between complete and incomplete information, but when time pressure was induced, a less favorable evaluation of products was seen under incomplete relative to complete. The results provide support for the process in which participants depend on their mood as a source of information when inferring about missing information under reduced cognitive capacity.

  92. Dissociation as a mediator between perceived parental rearing style and depression in an adult community population using college students Reviewed

    Yoshizumi, T., Murase, S., Murakami, T., & Takai, J.

    Personality and Individual Differences   Vol. 43   page: 353-364   2007

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  93. Teacher Immediacy Scales: Testing for Validity across Cultures Reviewed

    Zhang, Q., Oetzel, J., Gao, X., Wilcox, R. G., & Takai, J.

    Communication Education   Vol. 56   page: 228-248   2007

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  94. A further test of immediacy-learning models: A cross-cultural investigation Reviewed

    Zhang, Q., Oetzel, J., Gao, X., Wilcox, R. G., & Takai, J.

    Journal of Intercultural Communication Research   Vol. 36   page: 1-13   2007

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    The present study was designed to test and compare the four existing immediacy-learning models, namely the learning model, the motivation model, the affective learning model, and the integrating model, in US, Chinese, German, and Japanese college classrooms. Altogether 695 college students from the four cultures completed the questionnaire, and the results from structural equation modeling indicate that the integrating model produces the best fit to the four-cultural data. Teacher immediacy has both a direct path and indirect paths mediated through affective learning and motivation to cognitive learning. The findings are consistent with both the relevant theories pertinent to immediacy, cognition, and behavior, and previous empirical findings regarding the immediacy-learning relationship.

  95. A further test of immediacy-learning models: A cross-cultural investigation

    Qin Zhang, John G. Oetzel, Xiaofang Gao, Richard G. Wilcox, Jiro Takai

    Journal of Intercultural Communication Research   Vol. 36 ( 1 ) page: 1 - 13   2007

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    Language:Japanese   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    The present study was designed to test and compare the four existing immediacy-learning models, namely the learning model, the motivation model, the affective learning model, and the integrating model, in US, Chinese, German, and Japanese college classrooms. Altogether 695 college students from the four cultures completed the questionnaire, and the results from structural equation modeling indicate that the integrating model produces the best fit to the four-cultural data. Teacher immediacy has both a direct path and indirect paths mediated through affective learning and motivation to cognitive learning. The findings are consistent with both the relevant theories pertinent to immediacy, cognition, and behavior, and previous empirical findings regarding the immediacy-learning relationship. © 2007 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

    DOI: 10.1080/17475750701265209

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  96. PA042 就職に関する情報探索行動尺度の作成(2) : 就職活動の結果に与える影響

    矢崎 裕美子, 斎藤 和志, 高井 次郎

    日本教育心理学会総会発表論文集   Vol. 49 ( 0 ) page: 42 - 42   2007

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:一般社団法人 日本教育心理学会  

    DOI: 10.20587/pamjaep.49.0_42

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  97. Positive-negative asymmetry in mental state inference: Replication and extension

    Ito Koichiro, Takai Jiro

    PSYCHOLOGIA   Vol. 49 ( 4 ) page: 267 - 277   2006.12

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  98. Reliability and validity of the Parenting Scale of Inconsistency. International journal

    Takahiro Yoshizumi, Satomi Murase, Takashi Murakami, Jiro Takai

    Psychological reports   Vol. 99 ( 1 ) page: 74 - 84   2006.8

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    The purposes of the present study were to develop a Parenting Scale of Inconsistency and to evaluate its initial reliability and validity. The 12 items assess the inconsistency among parents' moods, behaviors, and attitudes toward children. In the primary study, 517 participants completed three measures: the new Parenting Scale of Inconsistency, the Parental Bonding Instrument, and the Depression Scale of the General Health Questionnaire. The Parenting Scale of Inconsistency had good test-retest reliability of .85 and internal consistency of .88 (Cronbach coefficient alpha). Construct validity was good as Inconsistency scores were significantly correlated with the Care and Overprotection scores of the Parental Bonding Instrument and with the Depression scores. Moreover, Inconsistency scores' relation with a dimension of parenting style distinct from Care and Overprotection suggested that the Parenting Scale of Inconsistency had factorial validity. This scale seems a potential measure for examining the relationships between inconsistent parenting and the mental health of children.

    DOI: 10.2466/PR0.99.1.74-84

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  99. Explaining intercultural conflict: Promising approaches and future directions

    Stella Ting-Toomey, Jiro Takai

    The SAGE Handbook of Conflict Communication: Integrating Theory, Research, and Practice     page: 691 - 726   2006.1

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    Language:Japanese   Publishing type:Part of collection (book)  

    DOI: 10.4135/9781412976176.n25

    Scopus

  100. *Attitudes toward African-American vernacular English: A US export to Japan? Reviewed

    Cargile, A., Takai, J., & Rodriguez, J.

    Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development   Vol. 27   page: 443-456   2006

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine attitudes towards African–American vernacular English (AAVE) in a setting outside of the USA. Because foreign attitudes toward AAVE can serve as an indirect assessment of a society's racial prejudice, we decided to explore these attitudes in Japan: a country with an intriguing mix of ties that are both close (i.e. politically and economically) and distant (i.e. culturally) vis-&agrave;-vis the USA. Considering the ostensible similarities in racial beliefs widely held in both countries, we hypothesised that evaluations of AAVE in Japan would be comparable to those in the USA. We found that the evaluations expressed by a sample of Japanese college students were virtually indistinguishable from the overall pattern of AAVE evaluations made by US Americans and recommend additional research in order to better understand the nature of contemporary Japanese attitudes towards different varieties of English.

  101. 対人コミュニケーション場面における自己主張性方略の規定因―対人関係と自他意識の観点から Reviewed

    森泉哲・高井次郎

    ヒューマン・コミュニケーション研究   Vol. 34   page: 95-117   2006

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  102. Reliability and validity of the parenting scale of inconsistency Reviewed

    Yoshizumi, T., Murase, S., Murakami, T., & Takai, J.

    Psychological Reports   Vol. 99   page: 74-84   2006

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  103. 言語スタイルによってもたらされる“知的な印象”の構造

    海上 智昭, 高井 次郎

    日本認知心理学会発表論文集   Vol. 2006 ( 0 ) page: 029 - 029   2006

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:日本認知心理学会  

    DOI: 10.14875/cogpsy.2006.0.029.0

    CiNii Research

  104. Factors Affecting Self-Assertive Strategies in an Interpersonal Communication Setting : From the Viewpoint of Interpersonal Relations and Self-Other Orientation

    MORIIZUMI Satoshi, TAKAI Jiro

    Human communication studies   ( 34 ) page: 95 - 117   2006

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:Communication Association of Japan  

  105. Attitudes toward African-American vernacular English: A US export to Japan?

    Aaron Castelan Cargile, Jiro Takai, José I. Rodríguez

    Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development   Vol. 27 ( 6 ) page: 443 - 456   2006

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    Language:Japanese   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine attitudes towards African-American vernacular English (AAVE) in a setting outside of the USA. Because foreign attitudes toward AAVE can serve as an indirect assessment of a society's racial prejudice, we decided to explore these attitudes in Japan: a country with an intriguing mix of ties that are both close (i.e. politically and economically) and distant (i.e. culturally) vis-à-vis the USA. Considering the ostensible similarities in racial beliefs widely held in both countries, we hypothesised that evaluations of AAVE in Japan would be comparable to those in the USA. We found that the evaluations expressed by a sample of Japanese college students were virtually indistinguishable from the overall pattern of AAVE evaluations made by US Americans and recommend additional research in order to better understand the nature of contemporary Japanese attitudes towards different varieties of English. © 2006 A.C. Cargile et al.

    DOI: 10.2167/jmmd472.1

    Scopus

  106. Peace and Coexistence (III. Practice of Alternative Subjects)

    HARA J., SANKODA H., TAKAHASHI N., NODA M., TAKAI J., SATO Y.

      ( 50 ) page: 100 - 108   2005.11

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:Nagoya University  

    DOI: 10.18999/bulsea.50.100

    CiNii Books

  107. Gender differences in social network development via mobile phone text messages: A longitudinal study

    Tasuku Igarashi, Jiro Takai, Toshikazu Yoshida

    Journal of Social and Personal Relationships   Vol. 22 ( 5 ) page: 691 - 713   2005.10

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    We examined the development of face-to-face (FTF) social networks and mobile/cell phone text message (MPTM)-mediated social networks, and gender differences in the social network structure of 64 male and 68 female first-year undergraduate students. Social network analysis showed that MPTM social networks consisted of dyadic relationships, and its growth was slower than FTF social networks. The intimacy of friends who communicate via both FTF and MPTM was rated higher than those who communicate only via FTP. The structure of MPTM social networks coincided with known gender differences in network characteristics. Females tended to expand their MPTM social networks more than males. These findings suggest that patterns of interpersonal relationships for MPTM social networks corresponded to Matsuda's (2000) selective interpersonal relationship theory. Copyright © 2005 SAGE Publications.

    DOI: 10.1177/0265407505056492

    Web of Science

    Scopus

  108. アメリカ合衆国における入学者選抜関連機関の機能と役割 Reviewed

    高井次郎・阿曽沼明裕・松岡靖・村上隆 (2005) 「

    大学入試研究ジャーナル   Vol. 15   page: 7-12   2005

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  109. Gender differences in social network development via mobile phone text messages: A longitudinal study Reviewed

    Igarashi, T., Takai, J., & Yoshida, T.

    Journal of Social and Personal Relationships   Vol. 22   page: 691-713   2005

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    We examined the development of face-to-face(FTF) social networks and mobile/cell phone text message(MPTM)-mediated social networks, and gender differences in the social network structure of 64 male and 68 female first-year undergraduate students. Social network analysis showed that MPTM social networks consisted of dyadic relationships, and its growth was slower than FTF social networks.The intimacy of friends who communicate via both FTF and MPTM was rated higher than those who communicate only via FTF. The structure of MPTM social networks coincided with known gender differences in network characteristics. Females tended to expand their MPTM social networks more than males. These findings suggest that patterns of interpersonal relationships for MPTM social networks corresponded to Matsuda's(2000) selective interpersonal relationship theory.

  110. Peace and Coexistence (III. Practice of Elective Subjects and Alternative Subjects)

    HARA J., TAKAHASHI N., SANKODA H., TAKAI J.

      ( 49 ) page: 80 - 93   2004.11

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:Nagoya University  

    DOI: 10.18999/bulsea.49.80

    CiNii Books

  111. Current trends of intercultural communication research in Japan Invited Reviewed

    教育心理学年報   Vol. 42   page: 240-254   2003

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  112. 依頼および断りの状況における直接的・間接的対人方略の地域比較

    高井次郎

    名古屋大学大学院教育発達科学研究科紀要(心理発達科学)   Vol. 49   page: 181-190   2003

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    Authorship:Lead author   Language:Japanese   Publishing type:Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)  

  113. Current Trends of Intercultural Communication Research in Japan

    TAKAI Jiro

    The Annual Report of Educational Psychology in Japan   Vol. 42 ( 0 ) page: 240 - 254   2003

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    Language:English   Publisher:The Japanese Association of Educational Psychology  

    Domestic research in intercultural communication has a history of less than three decades, yet a wide variety of studies have been conducted. This overview of current trends of the research in this field presents a review of studies conducted within the last decade in the areas of Japanese communication patterns, cross-cultural communication, intercultural interaction, intercultural adjustment, and intercultural communication training. Discussion of the current state of these areas are conducted from theoretical and methodological perspectives, and future directives are outlined.

    DOI: 10.5926/arepj1962.42.0_240

    CiNii Research

  114. Direct and Indirect Interpersonal Strategies in Refusal and Requesting : A Japanese Regional Comparison

    TAKAI Jiro

    Bulletin of the Graduate School of Education and Human Development. Psychology and human developmental sciences   Vol. 49   page: 181 - 190   2002

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:Nagoya University  

    This study is one of a series of studies investigating the common belief that Japanese prefer indirect interpersonal communication strategies over direct strategies. Prior studies compared Japanese to Americans, but the current study focused on a domestic comparison, involving various regions of Japan. A total of 384 participants were surveyed about their preference of six interpersonal strategies (two direct, four indirect) over the two situations of refusal and requesting. Targets were specified by dimensions of intimacy and power, and the situation was varied by degree of imposition. Thus, a 2 (situation) x 5 (region) x 2 (intimacy) x 2 (power) x 2 (imposition) mixed design MANOVA was conducted to determine if the Japanese are consistently indirect (or direct) across the various regions of the nation. Results indicated that regional differences were minimal, as the two direct strategies were most likely used over both situations. Also, no indication was obtained regarding differences in the way regions respond to intimacy, power, and imposition. These results indicate that Japanese are relatively homogeneous regarding their interpersonal strategy preference in both refusal and requesting situations.

    DOI: 10.18999/nupsych.49.181

    CiNii Books

    Other Link: http://hdl.handle.net/2237/3134

  115. Face and facework in conflict: A cross-cultural comparison of China, Germany, Japan, and the United States

    John Oetzel, Stella Ting-Toomey, Tomoko Masumoto, Yumiko Yokochi, Xiaohui Pan, Jiro Takai, Richard Wilcox

    Communication Monographs   Vol. 68 ( 3 ) page: 235 - 258   2001.9

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    The purpose of the current study was to investigate face and facework during conflicts across four national cultures: China, Germany, Japan, and the United States. A questionnaire was administered to 768 participants in the 4 national cultures, in their respective languages, to measure 3 face concerns and 11 facework behaviors. The major findings of the current study are as follows: (a) self-construals had the strongest effects on face concerns and facework with independence positively associated with self-face and dominating facework and interdependence positively associated with other- and mutual-face and integrating and avoiding facework; (b) power distance had small, positive effects on all three face concerns and avoiding and dominating facework; (c) individualistic, small-power distance cultures had less other-face concern and avoiding facework, and more dominating facework than collectivistic, large-power distance cultures; (d) Germans had more self- and mutual-face concerns and used defending more than U.S. Americans; (e) Chinese had more self-face concern and involved a third party more than Japanese; and (f) relational closeness and status only had small effects on face concerns and facework behavior.

    DOI: 10.1080/03637750128061

    Scopus

  116. Direct and indirect communication strategies: An overview of research from a cross-cultural perspective

    Takai, J.

    Academia (Literature and Language)   Vol. 69   page: 259-279   2001

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    Authorship:Lead author   Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)  

  117. Face and facework in conflict: A cross-cultural comparison of China, Germany, Japan, and the United States Reviewed

    Oetzel, J., Ting-Toomey, S., Matsumoto, T., Yokoichi, Y., Pan, X., Takai, J., and Wilcox, R.

    Communication Monographs   Vol. 68   page: 235-258   2001

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  118. Oetzel, J., Ting-Toomey, S., Yokoichi, Y., Matsumoto, T., A typology of facework behaviors in conflicts with best friends and relative strangers Reviewed

    & Takai, J.

    Communication Quarterly   Vol. 2   page: 397-419   2001

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  119. PG46 大学生の適応過程に関する研究 (11) : 社会的スキル得点の変化及び社会的スキルとライフイベントの生起の関連

    坂本 剛, 橋本 剛, 石田 靖彦, 高井 次郎, 多川 則子, 吉田 俊和

    日本教育心理学会総会発表論文集   Vol. 43 ( 0 ) page: 662   2001

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:一般社団法人 日本教育心理学会  

    DOI: 10.20587/pamjaep.43.0_662

    CiNii Research

  120. A typology of facework behaviors in conflicts with best friends and relative strangers

    John G. Oetzel, Stella Ting-Toomey, Yumiko Yokochi, Tomoko Masumoto, Jiro Takai

    International Journal of Phytoremediation   Vol. 48 ( 4 ) page: 397 - 419   2000.9

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    Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    The purpose of the current study was to create a typology of facework behaviors in interpersonal conflicts between best friends and relative strangers for Japanese and U.S. participants. In phase I, 286 participants responded to open-ended questions about the manner in which they negotiated face during a conflict with either a best friend or a relative stranger. The responses of a sample of these respondents -16 Japanese, 16 members of ethnic minority groups in the U.S., and 20 European Americans — were categorized using a Q-sort technique. Fourteen categories of facework behaviors were derived. Validation procedures for the typology were carried out via a cluster analysis resulting in 13 unique clusters: (a) aggression, (b) apologize, (c) avoid, (d) compromise, (e) consider the other, (f) defend self (g) express feelings, (h) give in, (i) involve a third party, (j) pretend, (k) private discussion, (l) remain calm, and (m) talk about the problem. In phase II, 95 Japanese and 61 U.S. Americans rated the appropriateness and effectiveness of behaviors from each of the categories. The findings illustrate that the typology captures a wide range of appropriateness and effectiveness rating which further demonstrates the validity of the typology. © 2000, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

    DOI: 10.1080/01463370009385606

    Scopus

  121. A cross-cultural analysis of age identity in Japan and the United States Reviewed

    Ota, H., Harwood, J., Williams, A., & Takai, J.

    Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development   Vol. 21   page: 33-41   2000

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  122. A cross-cultural analysis of age identity in Japan and the United States

    Hiroshi Ota, Jake Harwood, Angie Williams, Jiro Takai

    Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development   Vol. 21 ( 1 ) page: 33 - 41   2000

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    Language:Japanese   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Age identity (Garstka et al., 1997) was examined with regard to its structure in Japan and the United States.Factor analysis confirmedthe validity of a one-factor structure in both countries. Cluster analysis suggested a three-cluster solution in both Japan (ingroup identification and significance, sense of similarity, ingroup positive evaluation) and the USA (ingroup orientation, age centrality, ingroup positivity). In Japan, age-group pride and positive experiences clusteredwith age-group identificationsand awareness. This points to the importance of a sense of group membership in Japanese young people's positive feelings about their age group. In the USA, the two items clustered with likeability, value and importance, and were distinct from ingroup identification. This suggests that American individuals gain a sense of pride and positive experience when they like, value and give importance to being young. Finally, our Japanese respondents ranked age-group positivity and attachment lower than the Americans did, suggesting that positive feeling associated with being young may be less common in Japan. Future studies of intergenerational communication using age identity were suggested. © 2000 H. Ota et al.

    DOI: 10.1080/01434630008666392

    Scopus

  123. PB33 大学生の適応過程に関する研究(2) : 学問イメージおよび大学生活での重視事項の変化

    植村 善太郎, 小川 一美, 高井 次郎, 吉田 俊和

    日本教育心理学会総会発表論文集   Vol. 41 ( 0 ) page: 253   1999

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:一般社団法人 日本教育心理学会  

    DOI: 10.20587/pamjaep.41.0_253

    CiNii Research

  124. PB35 大学生の適応過程に関する研究(4) : 社会的スキルとライフイベント生起の関連

    橋本 剛, 石田 靖彦, 坂本 剛, 高井 次郎, 吉田 俊和

    日本教育心理学会総会発表論文集   Vol. 41 ( 0 ) page: 255   1999

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:一般社団法人 日本教育心理学会  

    DOI: 10.20587/pamjaep.41.0_255

    CiNii Research

  125. Effects of social networks cross-cultural adjustment Reviewed

    Tanaka, T., Takai, J., Kohyama, T. & Fujihara, T.

    Japanese Psychological Research   Vol. 39   page: 12-24   1997

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  126. Effects of social networks on cross-cultural adjustment

    Tomoko Tanaka, Jiro Takai, Takaya Kohyama, Takehiro Fujihara, Hirofumi Minami

    Japanese Psychological Research   Vol. 39 ( 1 ) page: 12 - 24   1997

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    Language:Japanese   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    A total of 221 responses were obtained from a survey of international students in Japan, regarding the facilitative effects of social network formation on their adjustment. Regression analyses were conducted to explore the relationships among four types of adjustment revealed in a preceding study ("general adjustment," "self-control," "affiliative" and "dependent"), network size, demographic variables, expected social support, etc. For each adjustment type, predictive variables were identified. Two of the variables that showed network effects on adjustment were Japanese language proficiency and race (Asians vs. Westerners). From these results, it would appear that social network formation does facilitate adjustment, and insight into the effect of adjustment type and demographic variables on network functions was obtained. Furthermore, the actual conditions regarding network formation of international students in Japan were revealed. © 1997 Japanese Psychological Association. Published by Blackwell Publishers Ltd.

    DOI: 10.1111/1468-5884.00032

    Scopus

  127. 日本人との交流と在日留学生の異文化適応 Reviewed

    高井次郎

    異文化間教育   Vol. 8   page: 106-116   1994

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  128. Influences of emotional reaction and personal power in the leadership process: An examination of moderating and mediating effects Reviewed

    Mizuno, S., Matsubara, T. and Takai, J.

    Japanese Journal of Experimental Social Psychology   Vol. 34   page: 201-212   1994

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  129. Assessing Japanese interpersonal communication competence Reviewed

    Takai, J. and Ota, H.

    Japanese Journal of Experimental Social Psychology   Vol. 34   page: 224-236   1994

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  130. Adjustment patterns of international students in Japan Reviewed

    Tanaka, K., Takai, J., Kohyama, T. and Fujihara, T.

    International Journal of Intercultural Relations   Vol. 18   page: 55-75   1994

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  131. 看護職員のモラールに及ぼす婦長のリーダーシップ Reviewed

    松原敏浩・水野智・高井次郎

    経営行動科学   Vol. 9   page: 13-26   1994

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  132. カリスマ的リーダーシップの研究−リーダーシップ行動、カリスマ性および集団効果の相互関係 Reviewed

    松原敏浩・高井次郎・水野智

    産業組織心理学研究   Vol. 8   page: 29-41   1994

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  133. Effects of head nurse leadership on organizational commitment and morale among subordinate nurses:Focusing upon moderating effects of head nurse's personality and social power perceived by subordinate nurses

    MATSUBARA Toshihiro, MIZUNO Satoshi, TAKAI Jiro

    Japanese Journal of Administrative Science   Vol. 9 ( 1 ) page: 13 - 25   1994

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    Publisher:The Japanese Association of Administrative Science  

    Effects of leadership of the head nurse on organizational commitment and morale of subordinate nurses were examined, by taking leader's personality and social power as moderator variables. Some 318 nurses at two hospitals were snrveyed. An original scale was constructed in order to tap social power, and a four factor structure was identified. Factors of referent/expert (attractive) power, coercive power, legitimate power and reward power were extracted. Using this scale, it was discovered that referent/expert (attractive) power exerted moderator effects on the relationship between leadership P behavior and both commitment and morale, while legitimate power also had a moderator effect on the relationship betweem leadership M behavior and commitment. Furthermore, years of experience of nurses showed moderator effects on delegative leadership behavior and morale.

    DOI: 10.5651/jaas.9.13

    CiNii Books

  134. Assessing Japanese Interpersonal Communication Competence

    TAKAI JIRO, OTA HIROSHI

    THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY   Vol. 33 ( 3 ) page: 224 - 236   1994

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    Language:English   Publisher:The Japanese Group Dynamics Association  

    The assessment of interpersonal communication competence in Japan has been traditionally done through translated versions of mainly Western-made scales, devised on the Western cultural definition of competence. A review of the more commonly used scales revealed that cultural bias in these translated scales has rendered them as having lower levels of concurrent validity. The purpose of this study was to devise a scale for assessing the communication skills that have been accepted as being more or less typical of Japanese. A 31-item scale, named the Japanese Interpersonal Competence Scale (JICS) was constructed and administered to 707 subjects of all age ranges to determine the structure of Japanese interpersonal communication competence. The factors of Perceptive Ability, Self-Restraint, Social Appropriateness, Interpersonal Sensitivity and Tolerance for Ambiguity were revealed. Validity and reliability tests showed that JICS is a promising instrument for the assessment of competence.

    DOI: 10.2130/jjesp.33.224

    CiNii Books

  135. Social Networks of International Students in Japan: Perceived Social Support and Relationship Satisfaction

    TANAKA TOMOKO, TAKAI JIRO, KOHYAMA TAKAYA, FUJIHARA TAKEHIRO, MINAMI HIROFUMI

    THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL & SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY   Vol. 33 ( 3 ) page: 213 - 223   1994

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    Language:English   Publisher:The Japanese Group Dynamics Association  

    Perceived social support and relationship satisfaction of international students in Japan were examined. A total of 221 international students responded to a questionnaire composed of items that questioned the demographic characteristics of their network members, type of relationship, equity in relationship and satisfaction with relationship. Contact, relationship type and nationality of supporters were critical determinants of overall perceived social support, while relationship type, contact and equity were important for determining satisfaction in the relationship. On-campus relationships were important in academic support, while offcampus relationships played vital roles in both. This study revealed the importance of taking into consideration off-campus supporters in a study of international student adjustment.

    DOI: 10.2130/jjesp.33.213

    CiNii Books

    Other Link: https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00387554462?from=CiNii

  136. Charismatic leadership: Examining the relationship amongst leadership behavior, charisma and group effe

    MATSUBARA Toshihiro, TAKAI Jiro, MIZUNO Satoshi

    Japan Association of Industial/Organizational Psychology Journal   Vol. 8 ( 1 ) page: 29 - 40   1994

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:Japan Association of Industial/Organizational Psychology  

    DOI: 10.32222/jaiop.8.1_29

    CiNii Research

  137. Influences of Emotional Reaction and Personal Power on the Leadership Process: An Examination of Moderating and Mediating Effects

    MIZUNO SATOSHI, MATSUBARA TOSHIHIRO, TAKAI JIRO

    THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY   Vol. 33 ( 3 ) page: 201 - 212   1994

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    Language:English   Publisher:The Japanese Group Dynamics Association  

    This study examined the moderating and mediating effects of emotional reaction and personal power on the relationship of leadership behavior with group morale and organizational commitment. The data were obtained from 289 workers at a steel factory and 425 nurses working at three hospitals. The main results were as follows: 1) Emotional reaction moderated the relationship between performance-oriented leadership behavior and group morale and commitment. 2) Personal power moderated the relationship between Pressure P and group morale and commitment. However, it did not have any moderating effects on the relationships between delegative leader behavior and group morale and commitment. 3) Personal power mediated the relationship between leadership behavior and group morale and commitment, its effects being more pronounced than that of emotional reaction. Finally, the moderator and mediator roles in the leadership process were discussed.

    DOI: 10.2130/jjesp.33.201

    CiNii Books

  138. Adjustment patterns of international students in Japan Reviewed

    Tomoko Tanaka, Jiro Takai, Takaya Kohyama, Takehiro Fujihara

    International Journal of Intercultural Relations   Vol. 18 ( 1 ) page: 55 - 75   1994

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    Cross-cultural adjustment of international students in Japan was approached through a comprehensive questionnaire that looked at various aspects of adjustment. Some 237 students of various national backgrounds participated in the study. Four factors of adjustment were attained: general adjustment, internally controlled adjustment, affiliation adjustment, and externally dependent adjustment. These four facets were analyzed with respect to several demographic traits of respondents. Some of the more important findings include the following: Asian subjects generally were less adjusted than those of Western and Latin American cultures
    U-curve patterns with time were not evident in three of the four factors
    those more proficient in the Japanese language did not prove to be generally better off than those less fortunate
    and scholarship recipients were better adjusted than those relying on private sources for funding. © 1994.

    DOI: 10.1016/0147-1767(94)90004-3

    Scopus

  139. Interpersonal competence: Assessing the assessment instruments Reviewed

    Ota, H., Takai, J. and Tanaka, T.

    Human Communication Studies   Vol. 21   page: 35-52   1993

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  140. Necessary Social Skills for International Students in Japan

    TANAKA Tomoko, TAKAI Jiro, KOHYAMA Takaya

    Science reports   ( 19 ) page: p87 - 99   1993

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:Hiroshima University  

    As a part of researches on social skills training aimed at facilitating the cross-cultural adjustment of sojourners in Japan, this study asked Japanese experts in interpersonal behavior research about how international students should cope with ten aspects of social difficulty in interpersonal situations. The mailed questionnaire administered to 133 social psychologists. Twenty three subjects responded to the open-ended items. Their responses were categorized through the KJ method of content analysis. The following main categories were obtained; A) interpersonal relations (relationship with stranger, friendship formation, behavior toward a superior, overcoming language handicap, managing social exchange, behavior toward opposite sex members), B) social situations (public etiquette, dealing with collective behavior), C) indirectness (negating, indirect expression). Coping strategies suggested by the respondents were categorized into three areas of a) behavior, b) cognition, c) passiveness, and under these categories were identified their respective component structure. The results offer fundamental resources for formulating structured learning, cognitive restructuring and goal setting regarding social skills training.

    DOI: 10.15027/635

    CiNii Books

    Other Link: http://ir.lib.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/00000635

  141. Training effects on Japanese managers' divergent thinking attitudes Reviewed

    Basadur, M., Wakabayashi, M. and Takai, J.

    International Journal of Intercultural Relations   Vol. 16   page: 329-345   1992

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  142. Training effects on the divergent thinking attitudes of Japanese managers

    Min Basadur, Mitsuru Wakabayashi, Jiro Takai

    International Journal of Intercultural Relations   Vol. 16 ( 3 ) page: 329 - 345   1992

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    Language:Japanese   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

    A field experiment made a preliminary investigation of the effects of training Japanese managers in creative problem solving. Two attitudes associated with divergent thinking practice (an important aspect of creative problem solving) were measured before and after training. This research establishes the Japanese translations of the two attitudinal measures. It also indicates that the applicability and receptivity of the paradigms and methods of the training provided may be at least as strong in Japanese business and industry as found in previous North American research. The experimental group (n = 60) showed significant gains on both measures versus two control groups. Compared to North American managers from similar studies, the Japanese managers appear to make at least equal gains after training. Future directions for research include extending the training effect investigation beyond attitude changes to include behavior changes and longer term persistence and portability to the job. © 1992.

    DOI: 10.1016/0147-1767(92)90056-Z

    Scopus

  143. THE ADJUSTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS AT A THIRD CULTURE-LIKE ACADEMIC COMMUNITY IN JAPAN (2) : AN INTERVIEW STUDY

    Takai Jiro

    Human communication studies   Vol. 18   page: 31 - 61   1990.6

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    Language:English   Publisher:Communication Association of Japan  

    CiNii Research

  144. The adjustment of international students at a third culture-like academic community in Japan (2): An interview study Reviewed

    Takai, J.

    Human Communication Studies   Vol. 18   page: 31-62   1990

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  145. THE ADJUSTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS AT A THIRD CULTURE-LIKE ACADEMIC COMMUNITY IN JAPAN (1) : A LONGITUDINAL STUDY

    Takai Jiro

    Human communication studies   Vol. 17   page: 113 - 120   1989.6

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    Language:English   Publisher:Communication Association of Japan  

    CiNii Research

  146. The adjustment of international students at a third culture-like academic community in Japan (1): A longitudinal study Reviewed

    Takai, J.

    Human Communication Studies   Vol. 17   page: 113-120   1989

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    Authorship:Lead author   Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper (scientific journal)  

  147. An Overview of International Student Adjustment Studies in Japan

    TAKAI Jiro

    Bulletin of the school of education. Psychology   ( 36 ) page: p139 - 147   1989

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:Nagoya University  

    Research on the adjustment of international students in Japan is still a relatively unexplored area of study. However, the need for it has become pronounced within the recent years, as our nation has readied itself to accept the lot of its projected 100,000 students by the early 2000's. Existing research has been repeatedly conducted by a small handful of investigators, and has concentrated mainly on self-report questionnaires. Although some studies have taken on a longitudinal design, most have not attempted to monitor adjustment as an ongoing developing process, but have opted to gain large cross-sectional samples. The indices of adjustment employed include host images, gaps between expectation and reality, amount of difficulty in coping, psychological stress and multiple factor inventories. In reference to the various hypotheses of cross-cultural adjustment, the U-curve, national status and association hypotheses have been investigated. Findings reported have discovered that a general U-curve pattern is not applicable to these students, that Asian students are generally not as well adjusted relative to Western students, and that the amount of support available from Japanese sources is not necessarily facillitative of adjustment. This paper provides a summary of existing research and gives some directives on future investigations.

    DOI: 10.18999/bulfep.36.139

    CiNii Books

    Other Link: http://hdl.handle.net/2237/3801

  148. Comparing attitudes toward divergent thinking of managers and non-managers before and after training

    Basadur Min, GRAEN George B., TAKAI Jiro, WAKABAYASHI Mitsuru

    Japanese Journal of Administrative Science   Vol. 4 ( 1 ) page: 19 - 27   1989

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    Publisher:The Japanese Association of Administrative Science  

    A field experiment compared managers'(n=90) and non-managers'(n=66) attitudes toward divergent thinking before and after training in a three phase process of creative thinking emphasizing problem finding as well as solving and implementing. The mediating effect of personal creative problem solving style was also measured. The sample was comprised of a variety of functional specialties, hierarchicalevels and organizations. Before training, managers were lower in tendency for premature convergence but non-managers were higher in preference for active divergence. After training, both groups had improved both attitudes and between-group differences were no longer statistically significant. The manager and non-manager groups were found to have different distributions of creative problem solving style. For managers, the dominant style was conceptualizor and for nonmanagers it was generator. Among both groups, training benefitted participants with the optimizer style the most in improving the two divergent thinking attitudes.

    DOI: 10.5651/jaas.4.19

    CiNii Books

  149. Receptivity of Japanese managers to creative problem solving experiential training

    BASADUR Min, WAKABAYASHI Mitsuru, TAKAI Jiro

    Japanese Journal of Administrative Science   Vol. 4 ( 2 ) page: 75 - 82   1989

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    Publisher:The Japanese Association of Administrative Science  

    A field experiment investigated the effects of training on Japanese managers' attitudes toward divergent thinking. An experimental group (n=60) of managers underwent practice- oriented experiential training in creative problem solving. Two control groups underwent placebo treatments. The first (n=15) was comprised of Japanese university faculty and graduate students who participated in an abstract discussion. The second (n=47) was comprised of Japanese assistant managers who experienced training in an unrelated subject. The three groups were measured before and after training on attitudes toward two aspects of divergent thinking: active divergence and premature convergence. The experimental group showed significant gains on both measures versus both placebo control groups. Compared to North American managers from similar studies, the Japanese managers appear to be at least equal on both attitudes in mean score and in gains made after training. This research indicates that applicability and receptivity of paradigms and methods of training in creativity and innovation may be at least as strong in Japanese business and industry as in North America. Also the Japanese translations of the two measures developed and used for the first time in this study appear to be good replicas of the English language versions. Some interesting differences between the two attitudes in gains after training and between the groups before training are identified as opportunities for future research. Potential mediators include Japanese cultural factors, profit versus non-profit organizational contexts, and different levels of responsibility.

    DOI: 10.5651/jaas.4.75

    CiNii Books

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Books 28

  1. 学び・育ち・支えの心理学 : これからの教育と社会のために

    中谷 素之 , 平石 賢二, 高井 次郎

    名古屋大学出版会  2024  ( ISBN:9784815811518

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    Language:Japanese

    CiNii Books

  2. Asia-Pacific perspectives on intercultural psychology

    W. W. Li, D. Hodgetts, K. H. Foo (Eds.)( Role: Contributor)

    Routledge  2018.9 

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    Language:English

  3. The psychology of culture in Japan

    Takamatsu R., Takai J.

    Asia-Pacific Perspectives on Intercultural Psychology  2018.1  ( ISBN:9781138068025

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    Language:Japanese

    Of late, the psychology of culture has been receiving much fanfare in Japan. This was evidenced by the record attendance of 1, 180 participants at the 2016 Conference of the International Association of Cross-Cultural Psychology in Nagoya, Japan. That record attendance was largely due to the high number of domestic attendees. This chapter outlines how the psychology of culture has been developed in Japan, beginning with the introduction of psychology as a Western discipline in parallel with industrial, political, and cultural modernisation as the result of the Meiji reform. During the Meiji era of 1868-1912, dramatic changes pertaining to the government of the nation resulted in rapid industrialisation and economic development, opening up Japan’s doors for foreign influence. At the same time militarisation was accelerated, which gave impetus for colonisation of neighbouring lands. This reform began after the end of sakokushugi, the self-induced isolationism of the island nation, which awakened Japanese citizens to their uniqueness relative to foreign people and cultures.

    DOI: 10.4324/9781315158358-8

    Scopus

  4. The international encyclopedia of intercultural communication

    ( Role: Contributor)

    2018.1  ( ISBN:978-1118783948

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    Language:English Book type:Scholarly book

  5. INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION: A JAPANESE PERSPECTIVE

    Takai J.

    Global Perspectives on Intercultural Communication  2017.1  ( ISBN:9781138860773

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    Intercultural communication (ICC) in Japan has a very interesting history, since communication has never been recognized as a full-fledged academic discipline, such as psychology and sociology. While progress has been made to separate ICC from language education, modern globalization has brought back the perception that ICC is indeed competence in communicating in the English language. The 1980s heyday of ICC has also seen a barrage of cross -cultural communication studies, mainly by W. B. Gudykunst and his associates, who based their studies on cross-cultural theories, such as individualism-collectivism, comparing the Japanese against the American. Also, pressures toward globalization have warranted research in “global competence” of the Japanese, and schools and universities have launched education programs geared toward self-assertion and argumentation. Many universities had a separate College of General Education, with a full set of faculty in Languages, Arts, Humanities, and Sciences, and with the amendment, these Colleges were to be dissolved, or restructured into new Schools.

    DOI: 10.4324/9781315716282-11

    Scopus

  6. Global perspectives on intercultural communication

    Stephen Croucher (Ed.)( Role: Contributor)

    Taylor & Francis  2017  ( ISBN:978-1138860780

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    Language:English Book type:Scholarly book

  7. 教育と学びの心理学―基礎力のある教師になるために

    速水敏彦(編)( Role: Contributor ,  異文化の教育の内と外)

    名古屋大学出版  2013.4  ( ISBN:978-4815807290

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    Language:Japanese Book type:Scholarly book

  8. The social psychology of interpersonal relations

    Toshikazu Yoshida, Kazumi Ogawa, Tsuyoshi Hashimoto (Eds.)( Role: Contributor)

    Nakanishiya Publisher  2012.10  ( ISBN:978-4779506932

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    Language:Japanese Book type:Scholarly book

  9. 仮想的有能感の心理学―他人を見下す若者を検証する

    速水敏彦(編)( Role: Joint author)

    北大路書房  2012.4 

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    Language:Japanese

  10. Transnational higher education in the Asian context

    Coverdale-Jones, Tricia (Ed.)( Role: Contributor)

    Palgrave Macmillan  2012  ( ISBN:978-1-137-03493-9

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    Total pages:10   Language:English Book type:Scholarly book

  11. 現代日本のコミュニケーション研究

    日本コミュニケーション学会(編)( Role: Joint author)

    三修社  2011.4 

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    Language:Japanese

  12. コミュニケーションと対人関係(展望 現代の社会心理学2

    相川充、高井次郎 (編著)( Role: Joint author)

    誠信書房  2010.4 

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    Language:Japanese

  13. コミュニケーションと対人関係

    相川 充 , 高井 次郎

    誠信書房  2010  ( ISBN:9784414301748

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    Language:Japanese

    CiNii Books

  14. 講座・日本語教育学(第5巻)

    ( Role: Sole author)

    スリーエーネットワーク  2006.7 

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    Language:Japanese

    「異文化接触に伴う心理」の章を担当

  15. 高大連携による「新教科」の授業実践―学びをつなぎ未来を拓く

    ( Role: Sole author)

    黎明書房  2006.3 

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    Language:Japanese

    「高等教育の現状―新教科群が必要となる背景―」を担当

  16. *Handbook of Conflict Management

    ( Role: Joint author)

    Sage Publications  2006.3 

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    Language:English

  17. Situational and relational contexts of direct and indirect communication strategies : a Japan-US cross-cultural comparison

    Takai Jiro

    UMI Dissertation Services  2002 

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    Language:English

    CiNii Books

  18. グローバル・スタンダードから見た日本のメディア報道

    ( Role: Sole author)

    総合研究開発機構  2000.3 

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    Language:Japanese

    「日英米の攻撃的映像」の章を担当

  19. 看護に生かす発達臨床心理学

    ( Role: Sole author)

    樹村房  2000.3 

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    Language:Japanese

    「医療現場における対人コミュニケーション」

  20. 国際文化学への招待—衝突する文化・共生する文化

    ( Role: Sole author)

    新評論社  1999.3 

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    Language:Japanese

    「日本人らしさを確認できない比較文化研究」の章を担当

  21. 社会心理学ー個人と集団の理解

    ( Role: Sole author)

    ナカニシヤ出版  1999.3 

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    Language:Japanese

    「集団と文化」の章を担当

  22. *Emerging theories of human communication

    ( Role: Joint author)

    SUNY Press  1997.9 

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    Language:English

  23. 対人関係の社会心理学

    ( Role: Sole author)

    福村出版  1996.3 

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    Language:Japanese

    「日本人の対人コンピテンス」の章を担当

  24. コミュニケーションの構造

    ( Role: Sole author)

    NTT出版  1993.9 

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    Language:Japanese

    「異文化間コミュニケーション」の章を担当

  25. 組織コミュニケーション−個と組織の対話−

    ( Role: Sole author)

    福村出版  1993.3 

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    Language:Japanese

    「異文化間コミュニケーション」の章を担当

  26. 現代のエスプリ:国際化と異文化教育ー日本における実践と課題

    ( Role: Sole author)

    至文堂  1992.4 

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    Language:Japanese

    「異文化間ソーシャル・スキル・トレーニング」の章を担当

  27. 人間とコミュニケーション

    ( Role: Sole author)

    ナカニシヤ出版  1990.5 

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    Language:Japanese

    「異文化間コミュニケーション」の章を担当

  28. 留学生と異文化間コミュニケーション

    ( Role: Sole author)

    凡人社  1990.4 

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    Language:Japanese

    異文化間コミュニケーションの基礎的なスキルを紹介

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MISC 25

  1. Relationship between effect of canned laughter and public self-consciousness : An experiment using non-humorous comedy video clips

    UKO Shuji, TAKAI Jiro

      ( 64 ) page: 77 - 86   2017.12

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    Language:Japanese  

    Adding pre-recorded, or "canned" laughter often encourages the viewer's humor appreciation of the humorous materials such as a joke and comedy, and this effect can be explained partly as a form of conformity toward other laughing viewers. In this study, we replicated the effect of canned laughter on the viewer's affective and cognitive humor appreciation, and this is the first research about the effect of canned laughter in Japan. We hypothesized that only those with high public self-consciousness (PuSC) are influenced cognitively, but not necessarily affectively by canned laughter. In a laboratory experiment, 81 undergraduates watched a non-humorous comedy video clips presented either with/ without canned laughter, and then rated how humorous it was, along with how much they felt it to be humorous. Both high and low PuSC participants evaluated the comedy with canned laughter as being more humorous, and derived more humor than without canned laughter. Both groups also actually did laugh along with canned laughter. These results suggest that the effect of canned laughter as a form of conformity do not emerge under the given conditions.

    DOI: 10.18999/nupsych.64.1.6

  2. Validation of the Japanese version of Moral Expansiveness Scale

    Takamatsu Reina, Takai Jiro

      ( 17 ) page: 93 - 102   2017.3

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    Language:Japanese  

    The present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Japanese version of Moral Expansiveness Scale (MES). The MES captures depth and breadth of the moral world in whichthe indi-vidual extends moral concern to a variety of entities, such as human, animals and environment. The original version has been tested on Australian and US samples and includes some target entities that are unfamiliar for Japanese samples (e.g., soldier, redwood tree). To make the entity list correspondent to Japanese society, we altered the entities. In validating the Japanese version, we conducted an online study to draw a diverse sample (n = 246; mean age = 49.24 years). The overall results demonstrated that the Japanese version of the MES has good convergent and predictive validity, hence a sound tool for as-sessing moral expansiveness in Japanese sample

    DOI: 10.18910/67200

    CiNii Books

    Other Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11094/67200

  3. Out-group mind perception before and after territorial conflict : Empathy as a key to reducing extreme prejudice

    TAKAMATSU Reina, TAKAI Jiro

      Vol. 61   page: 69 - 76   2014

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    Language:English  

    To examine the vicissitudes of dehumanized perception, participants in the threat condition were led to think that a nation "X" hinders Japan's economic advances in foreign markets. In addition to the experimental manipulation, data were collected at two points to see whether a (real) territorial dispute affects mind perception of members of the out-group. Results suggest that extreme prejudice is not an ordinary phenomenon, but a territorial dispute is one detrimental cause of dehumanized perception that may be used for justification of wrongdoing. It was also found that the high-empathy group was more likely to see human characteristics in the target than did the low- and medium-empathy groups irrespective of the time and condition. To encourage adaptive ways to deal with intergroup conflicts, empathy may be one of the key ingredients.

    DOI: 10.18999/nupsych.61.69

    CiNii Books

    Other Link: http://hdl.handle.net/2237/21298

  4. キャリア・パースペクティブとその形成要因としての進路探索行動 : 大学生を対象とした短期縦断的検討

    矢崎 裕美子, 金井 篤子, 高井 次郎

    キャリアデザイン研究   Vol. 9   page: 167 - 177   2013.10

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:日本キャリアデザイン学会  

    CiNii Books

  5. Factors Affecting Constructive Non-salient Strategies in Interpersonal Conflict

      Vol. 58   page: 47 - 55   2011

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    Language:Japanese  

    This study examined conflict management strategies, particularly constructive non-salient strategies by which an individual skillfully withholds making a potential conflict explicit within an interpersonal relationship. We examined the effect of intimacy, power discrepancy, goal importance, interdependent/ independent self-construals, and relational goals on the strategy. Questionnaires were collected from 214 university students and 309 non-students. Factor analysis indicated that three relational goals, Relational Maintenance Goal, Relational Strengthening Goal, and Relational Breakup Goal. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that relational goals had an influence on strategy, controlling for intimacy, power discrepancy, and importance. In the student data, power discrepancy and relational maintenance goal had positive influences on the strategy. On the other hand, in non-student data, power discrepancy, relational maintenance goal and relational breakup goal had positive influences, and individuality of independent self-construal and relational strengthening goal had negative influences on strategy. Hypotheses were better supported in the non-student data than in the student data, which suggested the importance of socialization in the working world in dealing with conflict implicitly.

    DOI: 10.18999/nupsych.58.47

    CiNii Books

    Other Link: http://hdl.handle.net/2237/16157

  6. The effect of the norm related to anger regulation according to interpersonal relationships

    Yoshida Takuya, Takai Jiro

    Japanese journal of interpersonal and social psychology   ( 8 ) page: 35 - 42   2008.3

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    Language:Japanese  

    Effects of emotion regulation tactics which represent expression or non-expression have been examined in relation to psychological well-being. However, which tactic is effective would be contingent on the interpersonal relationships with the agent of arousal at least for anger regulation, as the norms pertaining to emotion expression may differ with intimacy or social status of the target. As it was vague that whether both intimacy and status influenced the cognition of norm and use of each tactic, the present research, focusing on anger, examined the influence of intimacy and status on norm and use of anger regulation tactics. A vignette approach revealed that social status generally had some effect on the norm of anger regulation. Results also showed that the social status had positive relationships with the anger regulation tactics after the effects of the norm had been statistically controlled. Further examination of relationship factors and on-line information processing of anger regulation was discussed.

    DOI: 10.18910/3613

    CiNii Books

    Other Link: http://hdl.handle.net/11094/3613

  7. Developlment of the Career Information Exploration Behavior Scale

    YAZAKI Yumiko, SAITO Kazushi, TAKAI Jiro

    Bulletin of the Graduate School of Education and Human Development. Psychology and human developmental sciences   Vol. 54   page: 127 - 134   2007

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    Language:Japanese  

    The purpose of this study was to construct the Career Information Exploration Behavior Scale and to examine the influence of career information exploration behavior on the outcomes of job hunting. Participants consisted of 125 fourth-year undergraduates (35 males, 90 females) and 128 second-year women's junior collage students. Factors analysis revealed four factors: company characteristics, job hunting methods, self-related during job hunting, and gathering information for job hunting from alumni. Results showed that exploring first-hand information from alumni or a person who works at the company predicts the outcomes of job hunting such as satisfaction for one's own job hunting or career decision. Other information exploration behavior (company characteristics, job hunting methods, selfrelated during job hunting) were not directly effective for outcomes of job hunting.

    DOI: 10.18999/nupsych.54.127

    CiNii Books

    Other Link: http://hdl.handle.net/2237/10339

  8. Peace and Coexistence (III. Practice of Alternative Subjects)

    HARA J., SANKODA H., TAKAHASHI N., NODA M., TAKAI J., SATO Y.

      Vol. 50 ( 50 ) page: 100 - 108   2005.11

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:Nagoya University  

    DOI: 10.18999/bulsea.50.100

    CiNii Books

  9. アメリカ合衆国における入学者選抜関連機関の機能と役割

    高井 次郎, 阿曽沼 明裕, 松岡 靖

    大学入試研究ジャーナル   ( 15 ) page: 13 - 18   2005.3

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:国立大学入学者選抜研究連絡協議会  

    CiNii Books

  10. Peace and Coexistence (III. Practice of Elective Subjects and Alternative Subjects)

    HARA J., TAKAHASHI N., SANKODA H., TAKAI J.

      Vol. 49 ( 49 ) page: 80 - 93   2004.11

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:Nagoya University  

    DOI: 10.18999/bulsea.49.80

    CiNii Books

  11. Direct and Indirect Interpersonal Strategies in Refusal and Requesting : A Japanese Regional Comparison

    TAKAI Jiro

    Bulletin of the Graduate School of Education and Human Development. Psychology and human developmental sciences   Vol. 49   page: 181 - 190   2002

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:Nagoya University  

    This study is one of a series of studies investigating the common belief that Japanese prefer indirect interpersonal communication strategies over direct strategies. Prior studies compared Japanese to Americans, but the current study focused on a domestic comparison, involving various regions of Japan. A total of 384 participants were surveyed about their preference of six interpersonal strategies (two direct, four indirect) over the two situations of refusal and requesting. Targets were specified by dimensions of intimacy and power, and the situation was varied by degree of imposition. Thus, a 2 (situation) x 5 (region) x 2 (intimacy) x 2 (power) x 2 (imposition) mixed design MANOVA was conducted to determine if the Japanese are consistently indirect (or direct) across the various regions of the nation. Results indicated that regional differences were minimal, as the two direct strategies were most likely used over both situations. Also, no indication was obtained regarding differences in the way regions respond to intimacy, power, and imposition. These results indicate that Japanese are relatively homogeneous regarding their interpersonal strategy preference in both refusal and requesting situations.

    DOI: 10.18999/nupsych.49.181

    CiNii Books

    Other Link: http://hdl.handle.net/2237/3134

  12. Direct and Indirect Communication Strategies: An Overview of Research from a Cross-Cultural Perspective

    Academia; Journal of the Nanzan Academic Society. Literature and language.   ( 69 ) page: 259 - 279   2001.1

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    Language:English  

    CiNii Books

  13. 書評 田中共子著『留学生のソーシャル・ネットワークとソーシャル・スキル』(ナカニシヤ出版 2000年)

    高井 次郎

    異文化間教育   ( 15 ) page: 221 - 224   2001

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:アカデミア出版会  

    CiNii Books

  14. 日本人学生のサポート認知に対するソーシャル・ネットワークメンバーの要因分析 : 留学生との比較

    田中 共子, 神山 貴弥, 高井 次郎, 藤原 武弘

    広島大学留学生教育   ( 1 ) page: 23 - 33   1997.3

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:広島大学留学生センター  

    CiNii Books

  15. 異文化教育における教授法と学生への適合性に関する研究

    高井 次郎

    名古屋市立大学教養部紀要 人文社会研究   ( 38 ) page: 17 - 33   1993.10

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:名古屋市立大学教養部  

    CiNii Books

  16. A Pilot Study to the Evaluation of Teaching Methods in Multicultural Education for Japanese Students

    Studies in social sciences and humanities   ( 37 ) page: 49 - 72   1993.3

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    Language:English  

    CiNii Books

  17. Necessary Social Skills for International Students in Japan

    TANAKA Tomoko, TAKAI Jiro, KOHYAMA Takaya

    Science reports   Vol. 19 ( 19 ) page: p87 - 99   1993

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:Hiroshima University  

    As a part of researches on social skills training aimed at facilitating the cross-cultural adjustment of sojourners in Japan, this study asked Japanese experts in interpersonal behavior research about how international students should cope with ten aspects of social difficulty in interpersonal situations. The mailed questionnaire administered to 133 social psychologists. Twenty three subjects responded to the open-ended items. Their responses were categorized through the KJ method of content analysis. The following main categories were obtained; A) interpersonal relations (relationship with stranger, friendship formation, behavior toward a superior, overcoming language handicap, managing social exchange, behavior toward opposite sex members), B) social situations (public etiquette, dealing with collective behavior), C) indirectness (negating, indirect expression). Coping strategies suggested by the respondents were categorized into three areas of a) behavior, b) cognition, c) passiveness, and under these categories were identified their respective component structure. The results offer fundamental resources for formulating structured learning, cognitive restructuring and goal setting regarding social skills training.

    DOI: 10.15027/635

    CiNii Books

    Other Link: http://ir.lib.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/00000635

  18. Social skills performance of foreign-students in Japan

    T TANAKA, T KOHYAMA, J TAKAI, T FUJIHARA

    International Journal of Psychology   Vol. 27 ( 3-4 ) page: 553 - 553   1992.6

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    Language:English   Publishing type:Research paper, summary (international conference)   Publisher:PSYCHOLOGY PRESS  

    Web of Science

  19. 異文化間コミュニケ-ションにおけるレトリック・スタイルと演説者の認知

    高井 次郎

    名古屋市立大学教養部紀要 人文社会研究   ( 36 ) page: p67 - 86   1992.3

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:名古屋市立大学教養部  

    CiNii Books

  20. 在日外国人留学生の適応に関する研究(3) : 新渡日留学生の半年間におけるソーシャル・ネットワーク形成と適応

    田中 共子, 高井 次郎, 南 博文, 藤原 武弘

    広島大学留学生センター紀要   ( 1 ) page: 77 - 95   1991.3

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:広島大学留学生センター  

    本研究では、異文化間交流仮説に基づき、異文化適応とソーシャル・ネットワークの関連について18人の在日外国人留学生を対象に調べた。今回は、新渡日後半年間に渡る3回シリーズの縦断的調査の最終回にあたる質問紙調査の結果をまとめている。個人の適応評価や志向性、ネットワーク形成とその構成メンバーとの関係についての評価をたずねた質問項目をクラスター分析した結果、ネットワーク、積極性、適応の3つのクラスターが認められ、これは留学生活の課題または評価の3つの様相と思われる。対人的ストレスや体の不調と、ソーシャル・スキルとの間などに相関が認められ、ネットワーク形成や積極的態度の、適応に対する関係が示された。個人をクラスター分析した結果、ネットワークの発達と孤独感において差を示す2つのクラスターに分かれた。ネットワークの構造、適応・不適応症状と関連を持つ要因、および今回の結果から得られる適応指導への示唆について検討する。

    CiNii Books

  21. A study on the adjustment of international students in Japan(2) : Implications of social network formation on newly arrived students

      Vol. 14 ( 14 ) page: 95 - 113   1991.2

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    Language:Japanese  

    Research on cross-cultural abjustment has recently taken on a turn toward focusing on the implications of social networks. This report deals with a study which investigated the roles of social support networks on newly arrived international students in Japan. Eighteen subjects were surveyed at the end of their first academic semester, concerning the structure of their social networks and their abjustment. Cluster analysis and correlations were conducted to determine the relationship between the two variables. It was discovered that in the three month period, subjects had developed relationships in which they could attain mainly practical support, such as information receiving. The amount of support, although relating to subjective judgements on academic progress and their stress coping strategies, was independent of the indices for maladjustment. It can be interpreted that the three month duration was insufficient toward the development of a network that was extensive enough to show any psycological effectiveness in reducing signs of maladjustment, and that these students must rely on themselves toward solution of such problems.

    DOI: 10.15027/30377

    CiNii Books

  22. Japanese-English Differences in Aggressive Responses of English Learners

    Setsuko Miyamoto, Jiro Takai

    Chukyo University bulletin of the Faculty of Liberal Arts   Vol. 32 ( 3 ) page: p975 - 988   1991

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    Language:Japanese  

    A sample of 63 English learners at two universities was taken to discover any differences in response between English and Japanese language versions of the Picture-Frustration Study (PF Study), a projective psychological measurement device designed to determine aggressive behavioral patterns of individuals. Results showed that these Japanese subjects tended to be less extrapeditive, more impunitive and more imaggressive in their Japanese responses to frustration causing situations than in their English responses. Implications toward behavior expectation with language were made, as well as behavior differences attributable to incompetence in one language relative to the other.

    CiNii Books

    Other Link: http://id.nii.ac.jp/1217/00012896/

  23. Host Contact and Cross-cultural Adjustment of International Students in Japan : Assessment Instruments and Some Descriptive Statistics

    Takai Jiro

    Research in higher education   Vol. 20 ( 20 ) page: p195 - 228   1990

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:Hiroshima University  

    CiNii Books

  24. 「留学生受入れと大学の国際化--全国大学における留学生受入れと教育に関する調査報告」江淵一公編

    高井 次郎

    広島大学大学教育研究センタ-大学論集   Vol. 20 ( 20 ) page: p294 - 296   1990

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:広島大学  

    CiNii Books

  25. An Overview of International Student Adjustment Studies in Japan

    TAKAI Jiro

    Bulletin of the school of education. Psychology   Vol. 36 ( 36 ) page: p139 - 147   1989

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    Language:Japanese   Publisher:Nagoya University  

    Research on the adjustment of international students in Japan is still a relatively unexplored area of study. However, the need for it has become pronounced within the recent years, as our nation has readied itself to accept the lot of its projected 100,000 students by the early 2000's. Existing research has been repeatedly conducted by a small handful of investigators, and has concentrated mainly on self-report questionnaires. Although some studies have taken on a longitudinal design, most have not attempted to monitor adjustment as an ongoing developing process, but have opted to gain large cross-sectional samples. The indices of adjustment employed include host images, gaps between expectation and reality, amount of difficulty in coping, psychological stress and multiple factor inventories. In reference to the various hypotheses of cross-cultural adjustment, the U-curve, national status and association hypotheses have been investigated. Findings reported have discovered that a general U-curve pattern is not applicable to these students, that Asian students are generally not as well adjusted relative to Western students, and that the amount of support available from Japanese sources is not necessarily facillitative of adjustment. This paper provides a summary of existing research and gives some directives on future investigations.

    DOI: 10.18999/bulfep.36.139

    CiNii Books

    Other Link: http://hdl.handle.net/2237/3801

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Presentations 7

  1. Intercultural Competence and Cross-cultural Communication Apprehension Comparison from the Perspective of Regulatory Focus and Gender

    Wang, Lina; Takai, Jiro

    Society for Personality and Social Psychology 2022 Conference  2022.2.18  Society for Personality and Social Psychology

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    Event date: 2022.2

    Language:English   Presentation type:Poster presentation  

    Venue:San Francisco, USA   Country:United States  

  2. Do Intercultural Sensitivity and Global Awareness Reduce Intercultural Communication Anxiety? The Importance of Regulatory Focus International coauthorship International conference

    Wang, Lina; Wu, Xiaoyan; Lee, Peter; Takai, Jiro

    National Communication Association 107th Annual Conference  2021.11.20  National Communication Association

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    Event date: 2021.11

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (general)  

    Venue:Seattle, USA   Country:United States  

  3. History as a Tool for Renewal and Transformation in Japan-U.S. Intercultural Communication Research International coauthorship International conference

    Takai, Jiro

    National Communication Association 107th Annual Conference  2021.11.20  National Communication Association

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    Event date: 2021.11

    Language:English   Presentation type:Symposium, workshop panel (nominated)  

    Venue:Seattle, USA   Country:United States  

  4. Testing the Durability of the Mitigating Effects of Imagined Contact on Intergroup Prejudice in Japan International coauthorship International conference

    Hu, Anqi; Takai, Jiro

    National Communication Association 107th Annual Conference  2021.11.20  National Communication Association

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    Event date: 2021.11

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (general)  

    Venue:Seattle, USA   Country:United States  

  5. The Impact of Regulatory Focus, Intercultural Sensitivity, and Global Awareness on Intercultural Communication Apprehension: Taking Japan and the US as example International conference

    Wang, Lina; Takai, Jiro

    Asian Association of Social Psychology 2021 Conference  2021.7.30  Asian Association of Social Psychology

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    Event date: 2021.7

    Language:English   Presentation type:Poster presentation  

    Venue:Seoul, Korea   Country:Korea, Republic of  

  6. Japan-China-US Comparison of Communication Anxiety, Intercultural Sensitivity, and Global Awareness International coauthorship International conference

    Wang, Lina; Wu, Xiaoyan; Lee, Peter; Takai, Jiro

    International Congress of Psychology  2021.7.20  International Congress of Psychology

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    Event date: 2021.7

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (general)  

    Venue:Prague, Czech   Country:Czech Republic  

  7. International Forum on China’s Image and Global Communication Invited International conference

    Jiro Takai

    International Public Opinion and Global Communication Digital Scholarship Platform  2021.6.19  Shanghai International Studies University

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    Event date: 2021.6

    Language:English   Presentation type:Oral presentation (invited, special)  

    Venue:Shanghai, China   Country:China  

    Dr. Jiro Takai, president of the Japan Communication Association and professor at Nagoya University’s Department of Psychology and Human Developmental Sciences, noted a Western hegemony in academia and highlighted advantages of a high context research method in uncovering aspects of social psychology traditionally overlooked by Western individual-focused research.

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KAKENHI (Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research) 19

  1. 日本的対人コミュニケーション・スタイルの実証的検討―日中米加比較による検証

    Grant number:18K03003  2018.4 - 2023.3

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  基盤研究(C)

    高井 次郎

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    Authorship:Principal investigator 

    Grant amount:\4030000 ( Direct Cost: \3100000 、 Indirect Cost:\930000 )

    コロナ禍が長引いていることから、データ収集をオンライン・クラウドソーシングに頼ることにし、4ヵ国比較の一部の国(日本および米国)で活用し、データ収集を終えた。カナダも同時に募集したが、目標の500人の10分の1にしか満たず、別の方法を考えなければならない。一方、中国にはクラウドソーシングがなく、学生を介してスノーボールサンプリングを実施する必要性があるため、今後その手続きを進める。
    日米のデータを分析し、概ね予測していた結果は得られているものの、アメリカのデータに回答の偏りが顕著なため、データの取り直しを視野に入れ、残り2ヵ国のデータ収集と合わせて次年度に引き継ぐ。日本のデータは期待通りであり、問題はなかった。研究計画で予想した通り、日本人は相互作用相手の親密性および地位格差に反応し、直接的方略を親密・同地位の相手に対し好む一方で、間接方略を疎遠・地位上の相手に対して選ぶ。また、関係流動性、文化的自己観、公的・私的自意識、文化的寛容性・厳格性、自己制御焦点のいずれもコミュニケーション方略に対して、直接的影響があると同時に、関係親密性・地位格差・状況を媒介しての影響があることが示され、予想していた結果がなった。しかし、あくまでも現時点では日本人のデータについての見解である。
    まだすべての国でのデータがそろっていないため、本研究の重要性については言及できないが、少なくても日本人に対しては、対人コミュニケーションに関係性やコミュニケーションの状況によって、直接的・間接的法力を使い分けることが示されており、日本人とのコミュニケーションが高コンテキストであり、その規範を知らないと効果的なコミュニケーションが取れないことが明らかにされた。
    当初の予定では、データ収集には大学生を介してスノーボールサンプリング法を用いることであった。そのため、各国の大学においてデータを収集するための海外渡航を意図していたが、コロナ禍のためそれが実現できなくなった。クラウドソーシングによるオンラインデータ収集には、回答者の偏りや回答行動の誠実さの問題などがあり、できるだけ活用は回避していたが、一向にコロナ禍の終わりが見えないことから、クラウドでデータを集め始めた。日本でのデータ収集は質が高かった一方で、アメリカのデータには天井効果などの偏った回答が確認されたため、やり直す必要がある。カナダでのデータ収集は、クラウドソーシングを試みたが、ほとんど集まらなかったため、別の会社に委託することを検討中である。中国のデータ収集は、台湾に切り替え、クラウドソーシングを用いるか、天津工科大学の研究協力者にスノーボールサンプリングを依頼するか現在検討中である。
    以上のように、データ収集に問題が発生しているため、研究は遅れを取っているが、それを乗り越える手段の見当はついており、2022年度中の完成は実現できる見通しとなっている。
    2022年度National Communication Associationの年次大会において、日米比較をもととした論文2篇の発表申込を行い(The effect of relational mobility and self-construals on interpersonal communication directness/indirectness: A Japan-US comparisonおよびThe effect of relational mobility, self-construal and cultural tightness on self-presentation motives: A Japan-US comparison)、現在審査中である。受理されれば、11月に米国において発表を行う。
    データ収集に関しては、5月から取り組み、日本以外の3か国のデータを集める。そのため、中国の研究協力者を日本に招へいするか、自分から中国に出向く。データがそろったら直ちに分析を実施する。秋には次年度学会発表に向けて論文等にまとめる。2023年度International Communication Associationの年次大会での発表を目指し、発表申込のためのFull paperを準備する。秋以降、これを投稿論文に発展し、科研の最終年度報告書も同時に取り組む。

  2. 充実した生活の信念の観点からの留学生の異文化適応ー滞在文化の学生への影響を中心に

    Grant number:14F04015  2014.4 - 2016.3

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  特別研究員奨励費

    高井 次郎, BONN GREGORY, BONN Gregory, 高井 次郎, BONN GREGORY, BONN Gregory

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    Authorship:Other 

    留学生比率の高い(10%以上)大学(A)、留学生のビジビリティーの高い(西洋人留学生の多い)大学(B)、および留学生の少ない大学(C)の学生を対象に、3つの研究を実施した。研究1では、学生の①異文化間コンピテンス、②文化的感受性、③潜在的連合テスト(IAT)による人種偏見などを調べた。その結果、異文化間コンピテンスにおいて大学Cに比べてAとBは有意に高かったことが判明した。研究2では、上記の3大学に於いて、日本人学生が特に強い偏見を持つと思われる中国人を刺激対象とした想定された接触(imagined contact)のエピソードを読ませ、上記②および③の事前事後の変化を追った。その結果、全体的に中国人に対する偏見は傾向差として軽減されたものの、文化的感受性には有意な変化は確認されなかった。また、各大学の比較において特に有意な結果はなかった。最後に、現在進行中の研究3では、留学生と日本人学生がワークショップ形式で毎週授業に参加する科目において、学期始めと学期末の間で、どの程度上記の①、②、③が変化するのかを、縦断的に調査を実施している(7月末完了予定)。これらの研究から次の結論に至った。
    1)留学生の比率が高くても、日本人学生との交流の質と量が確保されないと、大学の国際化としての効果は見込めない
    2)実際の留学生との交流よりも、想定された交流(Imagined Contact)のほうがより顕著な効果をもたらす。留学生受入よりも国際教育の実践のほうが日本人学生の国際化に貢献するということが示唆される。
    なお、この一連の研究から得られた成果を2017年度Society for Personality and Social Psychology年次大会で発表予定である。
    27年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。
    27年度が最終年度であるため、記入しない。

  3. A cross-cultural investigation of psycho-social mechanisms behind "Karo-Shi": Toward the development of policies for prevention

    Grant number:24330188  2012.4 - 2015.3

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    KANAI Atsuko, SUZUKI Atsuko, YAMAGUTI Hiroyuki, TAKAI Jiro, FUJIMOTO Tetsushi, SAKATA Kiriko, LAURENCE Gregory A., TAK Jinkook

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    Authorship:Collaborating Investigator(s) (not designated on Grant-in-Aid) 

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the psycho-social mechanism behind “Karo-shi” (death from overwork), that is, working long hours, from a socio-cultural perspective. We proposed a Four Level, 10 Factor Model of Work Culture, and tested it across six nations, including China, Finland, Germany, Japan, South Korea, and the United States. The results showed, ①“Karo-shi” is increasing in Korea as in Japan and ②In Japan, rather than role overload stressors, the pressure to work longer hours and the maintenance dimension of leadership affected extended work hours. In this research, Japan’s Collectivism I was low, but it is suggested that factors related to the context of collectivism, such as stronger workplace norms or the relationship between workers and leaders, is related to extended work hours.

  4. Effects of culture, relationship, and flexible self interpersonal conflict strategies

    Grant number:23530818  2011.4 - 2015.3

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    TAKAI JIRO, MORIIZUMI Satoshi, NAKATSUGAWA Satomi, TING-TOOMEY Stella, DORJEE Tenzin, LEE Peter, GARDINALI Paolo, TAFARODI Romin, ZHANG Huijing, MOODY-MATSUMOTO Yuko

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    Authorship:Principal investigator 

    Grant amount:\5070000 ( Direct Cost: \3900000 、 Indirect Cost:\1170000 )

    This study looked at the effects of culture, relational context, and self cognition on the preference for interpersonal conflict strategies. Individualistic cultures (US and Canada) were compared against collectivistic (China and Japan) to see how these factors affect conflict strategies. Study 1 tested an original model explaining how the above factors affect strategy preference across hypothesized conflict situations. Contrary to predictions, there were no cultural differences in the model, as individualists were just as likely to emphasize relational intimacy, and have similar self-awareness toward intimates and aquaintances. Study 2 attempted to test whether partners elicit a particular conflict reaction, by utilizing a round robin design in which a group of friends evaluate each other. Japanese participants revealed that a tendency for a relationship effect, which may suggest people have a unique conflict strategy to each relationship.

  5. Comparative Education Culture Research on the Formation of High School Students' Vocational Views : The Way of Education in Japan and other Five Countries

    Grant number:21330176  2009 - 2011

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    TERADA Moriki, SHIMIZU Kazuaki, TAKAI Jiro, NISHINO Setsuo, SATO Fumito, NISHINO Mayumi, NAGATA Kazuyuki, MAKINO Atsushi, SAKAMOTO Masanobu, ISIMINE Chizuru, PARK Jonrabg

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    Authorship:Coinvestigator(s) 

    This research tried to clarify the structure of high school students' vocational views and their changes in six countries(Japan, US America, Germany, China, South Korea and Indonesia), also aims to extract some influencing factors in educational activities regard career guidance and education activities. As result, first, such four factors as“self development",“contribution to society",“economic life"and“aspiration to leader"are derived through two questionnaire surveys to students in six countries. Second, mostly in all factors, Japanese and German students who live in developed countries are weaker than developing countries'students such as Indonesia and China. Third, it has become clearly that students who belong to general and academic schools(departments) are higher in such scales as first and second factors, and contrastively to them, orientations of vocational students are stronger than general students. These tendencies depend on some career developmental activities and human relationship including family. Especially, we could confirm the influences of house works, vocational courses, practical learning in outside school in some countries or schools.

  6. Situational and relational model of interpersonal communication : A cross-cultural study focusing on self

    Grant number:20530567  2008 - 2010

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

    TAKAI Jiro

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    Authorship:Principal investigator 

    Grant amount:\4420000 ( Direct Cost: \3400000 、 Indirect Cost:\1020000 )

    This study examined the reasons as to why so many cross-cultural comparisons of interpersonal communication styles have failed to obtain results in consistency with their theoretical predictions. Three mediating variables between culture and communication behavior were proposed, namely the interaction situation, characteristics of the relationship between the partner, and self-cognition within the interaction. A causal model was proposed, and tested across cultures. Comparisons were made between Japan, China, United States, and Canada.

  7. Cross-cultural comparison of the developmental process of conflict management skills in early childhood.

    Grant number:19402042  2007 - 2010

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    UJIIE Tatsuo, TAKAI Jiro, TAKAHAMA Yuko, SAKAGAMI Hiroko, SHIBAYAMA Makoto, FUKUMOTO Mayumi, NINOMIYA Katsumi

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    Authorship:Coinvestigator(s) 

    In this study, we investigated when and how cultural differences of interpersonal conflict management skills emerged among Japanese, Korea and Chinese preschool children. We tested children's interpersonal conflict management skills using projective method. Results showed that the cultural differences emerged between 3 to 5 years old. Korean children did not show developmental change, children used self-concerned strategies in all ages, whereas Chinese children showed developmental shift from self-concerned to other-concerned strategies. In Japanese children, dominant strategies disappeared at 5 years old, Japanese children used both strategies equally when they experienced interpersonal conflicts.

  8. The synthetic study on assumed competence in youths : Focusing on it's building factors and problem behaviors.

    Grant number:19330147  2007 - 2009

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    HAYAMIZU Toshihiko, OSHIO Atsushi, KINO Kazuyo, KUKIYAMA Kenicni, KODAIRA Hideshi, UEMURA Zentaro, IDA Katsunori, TAKAGI Kuniko, TAKAI Jiro, KONO Shoko, NIWA Tomomi, MATSUMOTO Mayukuo, OKADA Ryo, SUGIMOTO Hideharu, MATSUOKA Mirei, YAMAHOTO Masashi, HAI Tan Eng

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    Authorship:Collaborating Investigator(s) (not designated on Grant-in-Aid) 

    At first, as factors building assumed competence, culture and interpersonal relationships were examined. Concerning cultural factor, assumed competences of Japanese youths were compared with those of some foreign youths. As a result, American and Canadian youths showed higher assumed competence and self-esteem than Japanese youths. Secondly, with regard to problem behaviors, the young who have high assumed competence were less likely to require classmates academic help, while they were more likely to become not only victims but also assailants of bully. Furthermore, it was revealed that most of juvenile delinquents belong to the type with high assumed competence and low self-esteem.

  9. A STUDY OF SOCIAL NORM and PUBLIC THOUGHTLESS BEHAVIOR

    Grant number:17330134  2005 - 2008

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research  Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

    YOSHIDA Toshikazu, SAITOU Kazushi, TAKAI Jiro, KITAORI Mitsutaka, MOTOYOSHI Tadahiro

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    Authorship:Coinvestigator(s) 

  10. 質問紙法による心理学的個人差測定尺度の構成の理論的・経験的基礎に関する研究

    Grant number:16633006  2004

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  基盤研究(C)

    村上 隆, 狩野 裕, 金井 篤子, 村瀬 聡美, 平石 賢二, 高井 次郎

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    Authorship:Coinvestigator(s) 

    心理学の研究は,複数の心理学的概念間の因果関係を明らかにすることを目的にして行われる。研究の対象となる概念は,経験的な研究においては,変数として扱われる。その際,相関研究の果たす役割は大きい。相関研究とは,独立変数の値をランダムアサインメントによって割り当てることができる実験研究と異なり,独立変数の値が自然発生的な変動によって決まる個人差として与えられるような研究を指す。その結果,相関研究においては,概念間の因果関係の検討のために,理論への負荷が大きくなるだけでなく,統計的も複雑な手法が必要となる。さらに,各概念を表現していると考えられる変数上の個人差を,いかに信頼性と妥当性の高い尺度によって測定するかが,研究の成否を分ける重要なポイントとなる。
    本研究は,心理学的な個人差測定尺度の構成のための理論と方法について,次の観点からの大規模な研究を実施するための企画・調査を目的として実施された。
    (1)心理学的な相関研究において,測定に起因する問題にはどのようなものがあるか。
    (2)現時点で用意されている統計学的,計量心理学的ツール・ボックスにある手法をどのように使えば,適切な尺度構成の方法となるのか?
    (3)新たに開発すべき手法が存在するとすれば,それはどのようなものでなければならないか?
    これらの賭問題について,研究代表者と分担者は,さまざまな形でコミュニケーションを繰り返してきた。その結果,つぎのプロジェクトにおいては,
    (1)経験的には,「不安」と「抑うつ」のような,概念的にも経験的にも十分に識別されないままできた概念の測定について,具体的な質問項目にもどり,かつ,明確な病理的属性をもつ被験者群を加えた検討が有効である。
    (2)計量心理学的には,項目分析,主成分分析にもとづく古典的方法と,潜在方程式モデルの研究の諸段階における使い分けが必要であるが,そのための明確な基準はいまだ明らかでない。
    (3)個人を単に次元上の点と見ない方法論が必要であり,そのヒントは,質的データの分析法である対応分析や,わが国独自の心理測定の方法であるSP表等にある。

  11. A cross-cultural study of interpersonal communication strategies: A situational-relational approach

    2003.4 - 2005.3

    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 

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    Authorship:Principal investigator 

  12. 日本的対人コミュニケーション方略の実証的研究-状況論的アプローチによる日台米豪比較の検討-

    Grant number:15653042  2003 - 2004

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  萌芽研究

    高井 次郎

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    Authorship:Principal investigator 

    Grant amount:\2000000 ( Direct Cost: \2000000 )

    本研究の目的は、特定状況において選択される対人コミュニケーション方略を、比較文化的な視点によって検討することである。本年度は、昨年度の研究に引き続き、Brown&Levinsonのpoliteness理論にもとづいて、対人コミュニケーション方略の比較文化的検討を行った。本年度実施した研究2では、1)相互作用相手との親密性(親友、他人)、2)相互作用相手の地位格差(先輩、同輩)、3)相互作用状況(依頼、批判、助言、断り、主張、謝罪)および4)文化(日本、米国)を独立変数とし、6つの直接的・間接的方略(率直、丁寧、婉曲、第3者、煽て、回避)の使用を従属変数とした。要因計画は2x2x2x6であり、文化以外の全ての変数は被験者内要因とした。結果は、1)米国人のほうが日本人よりも全般的に率直および丁寧の両直接方略を選好した、2)日本人のほうが米国人よりも全般的に婉曲、第3者、煽ておよび回避の各間接的方略および率直方略の使い分けを行った、5)日本人のほうが状況による両直接方略および回避方略の使い分けを見せたことが明らかになった。さらに、研究3は同じ研究計画と方法で、方略の使用に代わって、方略の適切性および効果性の認知を従属変数とした。その結果、1)アメリカ人のほうが全般的に丁寧方略が日本人よりも適切および効果的であると認知した、2)日本人のほうが全般的に各間接方略を米国人よりも適切および効果的であると認知した、3)適切性に関しては、米国人のほうが日本人よりも親密性による区別を行っている、4)適切性およびに関しては、日本人のほうが米国人よりも親密性による区別を行っている、5)日本人のほうが米国人よりも、丁寧方略の適切性および効果性について状況による区別を行っていることが判明した。研究4では、研究1と同様の研究デザインを用い、依頼と断りの状況における直接・間接方略の選好の日本国内の地域比較を行った。主な結果は、関西地方が最も率直方略を好むことであった。最後に、研究5では、基本的に研究2と同じ方法を用いたが、親密性を親友、仲間、世間、他人の4水準にし、地位格差の変数を外した。その結果、率直方略は親友に対して有意に高く好まれる一方、丁寧および各間接方略に関しては、仲間と世間に好まれ、親密性の両極の相手にはそれほど好まれなかった。これらの5つの研究で明らかにされたことは、「日本人は間接的な、アメリカ人は直接的なコミュニケーションを好む」という先入観が妥当ではないことと、親密性、地位格差および相互作用のモティベーションによってこうした選好が異なることである。今回の研究では、台湾およびオーストラリアのデータが入手できず、副題通りの比較が実現できなかったが、今後これらの文化におけるデータ収集も試みる。

  13. The universality of interpersonal competence from a relational perspective

    1998.4 - 2000.3

    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 

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    Authorship:Principal investigator 

  14. 対人行動能力の文化普遍性に関する研究-関係性モデルの試み-

    Grant number:10710056  1998 - 1999

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  奨励研究(A)

    高井 次郎

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    Authorship:Principal investigator 

    Grant amount:\1500000 ( Direct Cost: \1500000 )

    本研究は対人行動能力を検討する上で、相互作用相手に関する諸変数を検討し、社会的スキルなど、対人行動能力は個人の特性ではなく、状況要因により対人行動方略が異なり、その適切性および効果性が状況依存的であることを明らかにすることを目的とした。具体的に、Brown&Levinson(1987)のpoliteness theoryおよび社会的アイデンティティ理論の枠組みを応用し、対人コンピテンスの概念の文化的普遍性を明らかにしようとした。研究1では、対人コンピテンスを特性論的な観点からアプローチし、文化的に多様な対人行動スキルを含む尺度を開発し、日米での因子構造に比較を行った。抽出的エティック法により、両文化の共通因子および各文化に特有な因子構造を見い出し、文化的普遍な能力を特定した。研究2では、直接的(2方略-直接、直接丁寧)および間接的(4方略-暗示、第3者介入、機嫌とり、回避)な対人コミュニケーション方略に焦点をおき、6つの相互作用状況(依頼、断わり、自己主張、謝罪、批判、助言)において、相互作用相手の年齢(年上、同年齢)と親密性(内集団、外集団)を、こうした方略の使用頻度、適切性の認知および効果性の認知を日米を比較して検討した。結果として、日本人よりも米国人のほうが関係性の要因に対してより識別していたことがわかった。また、日本人のほうが一般的に直接方略を使用する一方、米国人のほうが直接方略をより適切で効果的であると認知していることがわかった。最終的に、研究1および研究2を通じて、特性論的アプローチよりも関係性の要因を考慮するアプローチのほうが、文化による詳細な違いが明らかにされ、文化的差異をより性格にとらえていることが判明した。

  15. A Japan-US cross-cultural comparison of interpersonal competence

    1996.4 - 1997.3

    Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 

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    Authorship:Principal investigator 

  16. 対人コンピテンスの概念の日米比較 -「日本人らしさ」の追求を目指して

    Grant number:08710103  1996

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  奨励研究(A)

    高井 次郎

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    Authorship:Principal investigator 

    Grant amount:\1000000 ( Direct Cost: \1000000 )

    本研究の目的は、対人コンピテンスの概念の文化的特有性を検討するため、米国人と日本人比較することであった。これを実施するに当たり、日本的および西洋的な対人コンピテンスの項目を合計106を作成し、日本の大学生389人と社会人623人に実施した。米国のデータは協力大学においての人間実験被験者倫理委員会の手続きが長引いたため、現時点では未入手である。全被験者をまとめて因子分析を行った結果、8つの因子が抽出され、日本的対人コンピテンスの構造が明らかにされた。因子の信頼性係数は59-83の範囲にあり、外的基準変数による妥当性(社会的経験、年齢、人間関係に対する満足度)および並存的妥当性(菊池(1988)と堀毛(1988)の社会的スキル尺度との相関)も十分な水準にあることが証明された。引き続き米国のデータを分析し、引き出されたエティック法(derived etic method)によって、両文化の特有な因子構造および共通の構造を明らかにし、相違性と相似性について継続して検討する。

  17. 大学の留学生取扱い方針と国際交流の効果に関する検討

    1993.4 - 1994.3

    科学研究費補助金  若手奨励A

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    Authorship:Principal investigator 

    留学生の友人ネットワークに関する研究の多くは、留学生と日本人学生との交流の貧弱さを報告しているのみで、対処法の具体案について詳しく追究していない。本研究は、留学生と日本人の交流を促進するために、大学やコミュニティーの介入の可能性を検討することを目的とする。

  18. Clinical-social psychological study of the adjustment functions of cherished possessions

    Grant number:05610106  1993 - 1994

    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science  Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)  Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)

    FUJIHARA Takehiro, TAKAI Jiro, TANAKA Tomoko, NISHIMURRA Ryouji, MINAMI Hirofumi, HORI Tadao

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    Cherised possessions sygnify the part of material self. This study aims to explore the meanings and functions of cherished possessions which will play some functions in the adaptation process when individuals transit to new environments. The results of our survey indicated that cherished possessions are categorized as action objects and contemplation objact. The first refers to the development of self control through unique acts. The second refers to an achievement of selfhood based on conscoius reflection. Malc subjects of cherished possessions have more action obejects than female and the meaning of action objects is utilitarian and the contemplation objects means memories. Survey of international students indicated that four factors of adjustment were atained : general adjustment, internally controlled adjustment, affiliation adjustment, and externally dependent adjustment. The cherished possessions of international students are books, clothes, passports, and money which relate with utilitarian. These results suggested that cherished possesions promote the adjustment of international students.

  19. 大学の留学生取扱い方針と国際交流の効果に関する検討

    Grant number:05710171  1993

    日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業  奨励研究(A)

    高井 次郎

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    Authorship:Principal investigator 

    Grant amount:\900000 ( Direct Cost: \900000 )

    本研究は、留学生と日本人の間の接触が、双方にいかなる影響をおよぼしているのかを検討することが目的であった。まず、研究対象となる大学を選定するため、全国の6つの大学の留学生担当者(相談主事、国際交流担当者等)を訪問し、留学生と日本人学生との相互交流の潜在的機会(mutual exchange potential)を調べた。そこで、高比率で留学盛を受入れている大学を2校特定した。A大学は、日本語と英語を公用語とし、留学生と日本人学生を対等に扱ういわゆる「統合主義」にもとづく機関であった。一方、B大学は留学生別科をもうけている大学であった。両大学とも欧米系留学生を主に受入れていた。最初に、留学生を対象とする調査では、A大学の留学生のほうがより多くの日本人との接触を報告しており、これらの接触に対する満足度もより高かった。一方、B大学の留学生は互いに社会的サポートを供給する傾向にあり、「留学生村」を築きがちの様子がうかがえた。また、日本人の調査では、A大学の学生はより多くの留学生との接触を報告しており、社会的ネットワークに留学生を含んでいる傾向が強かった。一方、国際交流の結果変数としてみられていた認知的複雑性やコスモポリタン意識は両群の間に何の差異もみせなかった。全体的に、留学生を日本人学生と同じ扱いをする教育政策は、より多くの相互交流を可能とし、しかもその接触に対する満足度と親密度が高いことがわかった。コンタクト仮説で提唱されているように、両者を対等な地位(お客さん、ホストを区別せず)であることが、より親密で個人的な人間関係の構築に起因していると思われる。

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