研究者詳細 - 成瀬　一郎

論文 - 成瀬　一郎

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P-3-2 各種バイオマスのガス化挙動の解明

白戸大輔, 義家亮, 植木保昭, 成瀬一郎

日本エネルギー学会大会講演要旨集 28 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 248 - 249 2019年7月

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人日本エネルギー学会

<p>In recent years, due to problems of fossil fuel depletion and global warming, biomass has attracted attention as an alternative energy source. So we focused on biomass gasification. In this study, gasification experiments of three types of biomass are conducted as preliminary experiments of gasification by packed bed gasifier. Assuming that the gas produced when each sample burns completely is assumed as a gasifying agent, the mass loss and gas yield of the sample during gasification were measured.</p>

DOI： 10.20550/jietaikaiyoushi.28.0_248

P-3-9 各種バイオマスの混合による燃焼挙動への影響

加藤紘輝, 植木保昭, 義家亮, 成瀬一郎, 成川公史, 森井一彦

日本エネルギー学会大会講演要旨集 28 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 262 - 263 2019年7月

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人日本エネルギー学会

<p>Biomass is attracting attention as an alternative energy of fossil fuel. It is expected that the use of woody biomass will increase in the future. In order to use biomass efficiently as fuel, it is necessary to clarify its combustion characteristics. So, in this study, in order to clarify the combustion characteristic of biomass, pyrolysis and combustion experiment during the temperature rising process of two kinds of biomass were conducted by using the thermogravimetric analyzer. Two kinds of woody biomass were used as experimental samples. The effects of mixing each biomass on the combustion behavior of woody biomass were discussed.</p>

DOI： 10.20550/jietaikaiyoushi.28.0_262

Oxygen chemisorption of sub-bituminous coal at temperature

Yoshiie R., Ueki Y., Naruse I.

12th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2019 2019年

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：12th Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion, ASPACC 2019

The effective utilization of sub-bituminous coals has been extended as an energy source for power generation because of their low cost and long minable years. However, sub-bituminous coal may undergo spontaneous combustion owing to high reactivity with oxygen in low-temperature air compared with bituminous coal. Therefore, the objective of this study is to elucidate the low-temperature oxidation behaviors of sub-bituminous coal. In particular, transition from oxygen chemisorption to low-temperature oxidation of sub-bituminous coal has been experimentally examined in detail. Isothermal gravimetric analyses are conducted for several bituminous and sub-bituminous coal samples at temperatures varying between 356 K and 476 K in oxygen-enriched air. The chemical compositions of emission gas are continuously monitored under low-temperature oxidation conditions. The experimental results show that the mass of all tested coals, including those of bituminous and sub-bituminous coals, increases at temperatures below 426 K as a result of oxygen chemisorption. At 476 K, the mass of sub-bituminous coal increases slightly with low H2 and CO2 emissions at the beginning and subsequently decreases with high CO and CO2 emissions. This mass change indicates that the transition from oxygen chemisorption to low-temperature oxidation occurs during this period.

バイオマスガス化ガス希釈による火花点火機関の高効率運転

千野みつき, 久保直紀, 小林潤, 成瀬一郎

年次大会 2019 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： J07108P 2019年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人日本機械学会

<p>Low temperature combustion due to dilution of intake air using inert gas is one of the effective methods for heat loss reduction of the engine. However, the combustion velocity almost decreases due to high dilution and that is the reason why a misfire occurs. To prevent the misfire due to reduction of the combustion velocity, application of a biomass gasified gas containing both hydrogen and inert gas to dilution was proposed. Dilution gas in which hydrogen was added to the inert gas was introduced into the engine. And it was suggested that the efficiency be improved.</p>

DOI： 10.1299/jsmemecj.2019.j07108p

廃棄物チャー燃焼過程における NOx 生成挙動評価

塚本和峻, 義家亮, 成瀬一郎, 植木保昭, 傳田知広, 薄木太一

環境工学総合シンポジウム講演論文集 2019.29 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： J206 2019年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人日本機械学会

An incineration process is the most dominant method of the waste disposal in Japan. A stoker furnace is widely used for the waste incineration. Recently, in the stoker furnace, low air ratio and high temperature incineration have been applied increasingly. However, they result in the increase in the amount of air pollutant NOx generated due to flame instability. Especially, it is difficult to control NOx production in char combustion. In this research, in order to evaluate the NOx generation mechanisms in char combustion of waste incineration process, RDF char burning experiments were carried out, investigating the combustion behaviors and exhaust gas compositions. The incineration experiments were conducted at different temperatures and gas conditions such as O<sub>2</sub>, CO<sub>2</sub>, steam, EGR(Exhaust gas recirculation). The char-NOx production behavior showed different behaviors depending on experiment conditions. In particular at the steam gas and EGR conditions, the char-NOx concentration was very high due to the steam gas shift reaction.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmeenv.2019.29.j206

地産地消エネルギー源である廃棄物の燃焼技術

成瀬一郎

日本エネルギー学会機関誌えねるみくす 97 巻 ( 6 ) 頁： 623 - 630 2018年11月

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人日本エネルギー学会

<p>地域から発生する廃棄物は，すでに地域資源の一つになっていると考えてよかろう。すなわち，廃棄物燃焼プラントが立地している場所では，近隣への熱供給に留まらず，それなりの効率で発電して，所内利用のみならず売電も行えている。一方，廃棄物燃焼プラントは，定常的に安定処理できることが必須になっており，必然的に年間の定期点検の回数が複数回になったり，プラントの基数も複数基設置することが余儀なくされている。今後，各地域からのごみの総排出量は減少傾向になるであろうものの，発電効率を意味する微分的な効率や年間稼働日数を意味する積分的な効率のさらなる向上とともに，厳格化する環境規制への対応にも万全なプラントにしなければならなくなるであろう。</p>

DOI： 10.20550/jieenermix.97.6_623

Synergistic effect of thermal cracking/partial oxidation/catalytic reforming by char on tar removal in a fluidized bed two-stage gasification process of industrial biomass

Ueki Yasuaki, Zeng Xi, Naruse Ichiro, Yoshiie Ryo, Han Zhennan, Xu Guangwen

廃棄物資源循環学会研究発表会講演集 29 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 597 2018年

記述言語：英語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人廃棄物資源循環学会

Industrial biomass is the byproduct of light-industry, such as spirit lees, herb residue, bagasse and so on. It is not only a kind of biomass resource, but also a serious environmental pollution source. Gasification is promising and attractive because of cleanness, high efficiency and large treating capacity. However, due to high content of moisture, nitrogen, and organic residue, the existing direct gasification process faces challenges, such as low efficiency, large temperature fluctuation and high tar content in fuel gas. So, innovating gasification process and reactor structure become essential and necessary. In this study, a new fluidized bed two-stage (FBTS) gasification process, mainly consisting of a fluidized bed (FB) pyrolyzer and a transport fluidized bed (TFB) gasifier, has been proposed by the Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. This process decouples direct gasification process into two sub-processes, namely feedstock pyrolysis and char gasification. Depending on thermal cracking, partial oxidation and catalytic reforming by char, the produced tar will be removed to a very low level. To research and develop the FBTS gasification process successfully, the synergistic effect of thermal cracking, partial oxidation and catalytic reforming by char was examined systematically on a laboratory FBTS reaction apparatus.

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.29.0_597

脱硝触媒による水銀の酸化・吸収・脱離機構の解明

義家亮, 坂井田雅哉, 植木保昭, 成瀬一郎

東海支部総会講演会講演論文集 2018.67 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 528 2018年

脱硝触媒による水銀の酸化・吸収・脱離機構

義家亮, 坂井田雅哉, 植木保昭, 成瀬一郎

環境工学総合シンポジウム講演論文集 2018.28 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 307 2018年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人日本機械学会

The Minamata Convention on Mercury was adopted in 2013, and regulations on mercury emissions are becoming stricter all over the world. Coal combustion is one of the major mercury emission sources. The majority of mercury emissions from coal combustion is in elemental mercury. This is because elemental mercury is water-insoluble, although oxidized mercury is water-soluble and easily captured by wet scrubbing systems. In this study, we expected the De-NOx catalyst to have a mercury oxidation/capture performance and conducted mercury oxidation/capture experiment using the De-NOx catalyst as a sorbent. In the result, when HCl existed in the atmosphere, the De-NOx catalyst oxidized all of vapor mercury. On the other hand, when HCl existed in the atmosphere, the De-NOx catalyst showed high mercury capture performance. Furthermore, De-NOx catalyst maintained high mercury capture performance at a high temperature (743 K)

DOI： 10.1299/jsmeenv.2018.28.307

廃棄物燃焼過程におけるNOx生成特性の解明

塚本和峻, 義家亮, 成瀬一郎, 植木保昭, 傳田知広, 薄木太一

廃棄物資源循環学会研究発表会講演集 29 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 309 2018年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人廃棄物資源循環学会

現在，日本のごみ処理方法のほとんどが焼却である．ごみ焼却には一般的にストーカ炉が用いられている．近年ストーカ炉では，低空気比高温燃焼が主流となっている．しかしそれにともなう問題として，火炎の不安定さに起因する大気汚染物質NOxや温室効果ガスN<sub>2</sub>Oの発生量の上昇が挙げられる．本研究では廃棄物の燃焼によるNOx生成機構の解明を目的に，廃棄物模擬燃料としてRDFを用いた燃焼実験を行いRDFの燃焼挙動及び燃焼ガスの分析を行った．RDF質量減少において，RDFは温度に比例し燃焼は速く進んだ．排ガスの測定結果から，NOx濃度は従来と異なり，温度上昇とともに減少した．RDF近傍で発生する局所的な還元雰囲気による影響と考えられる．また，素反応速度解析を用いたRDF燃焼シミュレーションを行い，比較・検討を行った．その結果，高温時HCN，NH<sub>3</sub>はほとんどがNO，N<sub>2</sub>O，N<sub>2</sub>に転換していることが分かった．

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.29.0_309

廃棄物焼却炉におけるNOx濃度予測に向けた簡略燃焼反応機構の検討

傳田知広, 薄木太一, 植木保昭, 義家亮, 成瀬一郎

廃棄物資源循環学会研究発表会講演集 29 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 301 2018年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人廃棄物資源循環学会

本研究では、ストーカ式廃棄物焼却炉における燃焼挙動の予測を目的に、簡略燃焼反応機構を適用した三次元燃焼シミュレーション手法を開発している．著者らは、これまで実用的な簡略燃焼反応機構を選定し、炉内温度分布およびCO濃度分布を概ね良好に計算できることを示した．本報では更にNOx濃度を予測するため、窒素分の化学種および素反応式を加えた新たな簡略燃焼反応機構を作成した．さらに、作成した簡略燃焼反応機構の計算精度を検討するため、汎用的な詳細燃焼反応機構であるGRI-Mech3.0をベンチマークとした層流拡散火炎の二次元解析を実施したので、ここに報告する．

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.29.0_301

廃棄物焼却炉における NOx 予測に向けた簡略燃焼反応機構の検討

傳田知広, 薄木太一, 植木保昭, 義家亮, 成瀬一郎

環境工学総合シンポジウム講演論文集 2018.28 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 205 2018年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人日本機械学会

We have developed the technique of numerical simulation which uses the reduced reaction mechanism to predict the combustion behavior in a waste incinerator. In this paper, we newly made the reduced reaction mechanism “N916” (34 species, 76 reactions) for NOx concentration prediction by benchmarking GRI-Mech3.0 (50 species, 326 reactions) which is the typical combustion reaction mechanism. In order to examine the precision of N916, we calculated temperature and NOx concentration distribution in two-dimensional diffusion flame by using N916 and GRI-Mech3.0. The results showed that temperature and NOx concentration distributions were similar and the rate of divergence of NOx concentration value on center axis in the flame was almost 10%. There is a possibility that N916 is able to be used as the substitution for GRI-Mech3.0 in numerical simulation.

DOI： 10.1299/jsmeenv.2018.28.205

“ふんりゅう”とのおつきあい

成瀬一郎

日本エネルギー学会機関誌えねるみくす 96 巻 ( 3 ) 頁： 234 2017年

P-1-2 微粉炭燃焼における灰粒子の凝集・脱離挙動のモデル化

松山達也, 植木保昭, 義家亮, 成瀬一郎

日本エネルギー学会大会講演要旨集 26 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 256 - 257 2017年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人日本エネルギー学会

<p>One of major problems in pulverized coal combustion process is ash deposition which causes corrosion of the heat transfer tube, decrease in the heat exchange rate, blockage of the gas flow path, etc. The properties of ash particle such as particle number, particle diameter and elemental composition are very important factors to predict and control such ash deposition phenomena. Moreover, it is also important to distinguish whether an ash particle is Included Mineral (IM) or Excluded Mineral (EM). In this study, we made the models of single pulverized coal particle in combustion process using the CCSEM data of different carbon conversion and coal types gotten by DTF experiment in authors' previous study and evaluated properties of ash particles through the simulation.</p>

DOI： 10.20550/jietaikaiyoushi.26.0_256

P-7-10 脱硝触媒による水銀酸化・捕捉機構の解明

坂井田雅哉, 義家亮, 植木保昭, 成瀬一郎

日本エネルギー学会大会講演要旨集 26 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 336 - 337 2017年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人日本エネルギー学会

<p>The Minamata Convention on Mercury was adopted in 2013, and regulations on mercury emissions are becoming stricter all over the world. Coal combustion is one of the major mercury emission sources. The majority of mercury emissions from coal combustion is an elemental mercury. This is because oxidized mercury is water-soluble, but on the other hand elemental mercury is water-insoluble. In this study, we expected the De-NOx catalyst to have a mercury oxidation/capture performance and conducted mercury oxidation/capture experiment using the De-NOx catalyst as a sorbent. In the result, when HCl is present in the atmosphere, the De-NOx catalyst oxidized mercury and when HCl is not present in the atmosphere, the De-NOx catalyst showed high mercury capture performance. Furthermore, De-NOx catalyst maintained high mercury capture performance at a high temperature (743 K)</p>

DOI： 10.20550/jietaikaiyoushi.26.0_336

P-5-4 各種プラスチックの熱分解および水蒸気ガス化の挙動

松永新平, 義家亮, 植木保昭, 成瀬一郎

日本エネルギー学会大会講演要旨集 26 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 308 - 309 2017年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人日本エネルギー学会

<p>Among various recovery processes from waste plastics, the gasification with steam addition is one of the promising technologies to reduce unwanted tar and increase the conversion to syngas. In this study, batch furnace experiments of pyrolysis and steam gasification were conducted on three kinds of plastics. Gas, tar and soot and generation behaviors were examined in them. Granular samples of ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), PC (polycarbonate) and PE (polyethylene) were used as simulated waste plastics. All experiments were duplicated using different sampling trains for gas collections and tar collections. Nitrogen gas was fed into the furnace to achieve an inert atmosphere, and the temperature was raised to 973 K, 1073 K and 1173 K, respectively. 1.2 g of the sample was inserted into the furnace. In the steam gasification experiment, water vapor was entrained by the nitrogen.</p>

DOI： 10.20550/jietaikaiyoushi.26.0_308

P-1-4 石炭ガス化プロセスにおける微量成分分配挙動

渥美翔太, 植木保昭, 義家亮, 成瀬一郎

日本エネルギー学会大会講演要旨集 26 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 260 - 261 2017年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人日本エネルギー学会

<p>In this study, we conducted coal gasification experiments by electrical drop tube furnace. In the experiments, we used Low Pressure Impactor (LPI) for the particle sampling in different particle size. Captured particles are dissolved in the acid on each particle size and the trace element concentrations of the solutions in the particles are analyzed by ICP-AES. For the consideration of the result of the experiments, we conducted thermodynamic equilibrium calculations. Calculation results support to investigate the chemical compounds of trace elements in the gasification atmosphere.</p>

DOI： 10.20550/jietaikaiyoushi.26.0_260

P-1-3 流動層を用いたOxy-Fuel石炭燃焼におけるSOx放出挙動

浅井良介, 義家亮, 植木保昭, 成瀬一郎

日本エネルギー学会大会講演要旨集 26 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 258 - 259 2017年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人日本エネルギー学会

<p>Oxy-fuel coal combustion has drawn attention in the world as useful technique to achieve carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS). It is a technology to enrich CO<sub>2</sub> in exhaust gas by the flue gas recirculation with additional pure O<sub>2</sub> to combustion atmosphere, which makes easy to capture CO<sub>2</sub> downstream. Meanwhile, bubbling fluidized bed coal combustion has advantages of direct de-sulfurization in bed material and reduction of thermal NO<sub>X</sub> in low combustion temperature. However, there are few studies of oxy-coal fluidized bed combustion including emission behaviors of SOx and NOx. In particular, SO<sub>3</sub> is of special concern, because the elevated SO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O concentrations in boiler by the flue gas recirculation may promote the formation of SO<sub>3</sub>. Objectives of this study are to understand SOx emission behaviors during the oxy-coal fluidized bed combustion under the actual flue gas recirculation condition, compared with those under the air and CO<sub>2</sub>-O<sub>2</sub> combustion conditions.</p>

DOI： 10.20550/jietaikaiyoushi.26.0_258

固体燃焼・ガス化過程における反応・環境汚染物質・灰成分の挙動解明に関する研究

成瀬一郎

日本エネルギー学会機関誌えねるみくす 96 巻 ( 3 ) 頁： 236 - 241 2017年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人日本エネルギー学会

<p>Both resources and environmental controls have globally become obvious. Although alternative energy resources should be utilized more and more, it is also necessary to enhance efficient and ecological use of fossil fuels, which have undertaken basis of global energy society. As coal is one of the even-distributed and reasonable fossil fuels worldwide, huge amount of coal has been consumed in economically developed countries, such rising countries as China and India and economically developing countries. As a result, not only tightness of the coal supply, but also increase of load of the global environment have worried in the near future. From the present viewpoint and the future trend, coal must utilize efficiently and ecologically, and another solid fuels, including biomass and solid wastes, must also be recognized as one of the alternative ones. Additionally, development of both the global, ecological and efficient utilization technologies for those solid fuels and the core and component technologies to support them as well as the academic studies to elucidate the mechanisms in the phenomena occurring have been much more important in the near future to sustain the basis of global energy society.</p>

DOI： 10.20550/jieenermix.96.3_236

石炭燃焼排ガス中水銀の酸化・捕捉特性

坂井田雅哉, 植木保昭, 義家亮, 成瀬一郎

廃棄物資源循環学会研究発表会講演集 28 巻 ( 0 ) 頁： 323 2017年

記述言語：日本語掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）出版者・発行元：一般社団法人廃棄物資源循環学会

現在、石炭燃焼に伴い排出される水銀による大気汚染が問題となっている。石炭燃焼により煙突から排出される水銀のうち大部分を0価の元素水銀が占めている。これは、2価の酸化水銀は水溶性のため排ガス処理プロセスとしてあらかじめ備え付けてある湿式脱硫装置などにより回収されるのに対して、元素水銀は非水溶性のため回収が困難であるという理由からである。そこで、本研究では酸化・捕捉剤によりガス中の元素水銀を酸化・捕捉することで取り除く方法を提案している。酸化・捕捉剤としては水銀酸化性能を有していることを期待して、粉末状の脱硝触媒を用いた。脱硝触媒粉末および比較試料の水銀用活性炭を酸化・捕捉剤に用いて充填層型の元素水銀酸化・捕捉実験を行うことで、脱硝触媒粉末の水銀酸化・捕捉性能を評価し、脱硝触媒粉末による石炭燃焼排ガス中水銀の酸化・捕捉機構について検討した。

DOI： 10.14912/jsmcwm.28.0_323

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